JPH0558744B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a splint used for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders, bruxism, and systemic diseases caused by occlusion.

[Conventional technology] Traditionally, splints (bite planes,
(including bite guards, night guards, etc.) have been used. Furthermore, recently, a treatment method in which a splint (template) is installed in the oral cavity has been used for the purpose of improving systemic diseases and symptoms mediated by the cervical vertebrae. Furthermore, wearing a similar device called a power plate in the oral cavity increases power, and it is becoming popular among athletes.

The splints used for these are made of polymethyl methacrylate, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer,
They were manufactured using materials such as polyethylene or polycarbonate, or by laminating two different materials.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Splints used for these purposes must be comfortable to wear in the oral cavity and have a durable construction. However, conventionally manufactured devices are made only of hard or soft materials. Therefore, in the former case, it is difficult to maintain and stabilize the device, and the biting part is hard, which not only gives the patient a sense of discomfort but is also unfavorable for the temporomandibular joints. In the latter case, the entire device deforms when biting, resulting in poor maintenance stability during occlusion.
In addition, the resin layer on the occlusal surface is often bitten off in a short period of time. As a result, patients often do not use the drug or become unable to use it after a short period of time, resulting in insufficient therapeutic effects.

The present inventors conducted extensive research to solve these problems, and as a result, they completed the present invention shown below.

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the present invention provides a splint that covers part or all of a tooth, which comprises: 1) a first layer made of a soft material and in contact with the crown of the tooth; 2) a second layer made of a hard material and laminated to cover the entire first layer; and 3) a third layer made of a soft material and laminated to cover only the occlusal surface portion of the second layer.
The present invention provides the above-mentioned splint, characterized in that the three layers are integrated.

In the present invention, "splint" refers to bite planes, bite guards, night guards, etc. used to prevent and treat temporomandibular joint disorders, occlusal trauma, and bruxism, as well as to improve systemic diseases and symptoms mediated by the cervical vertebrae. It also includes a template for the purpose of increasing power during exercise, and a power plate for the purpose of increasing power during exercise.

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a splint that is comfortable to wear in the oral cavity and has a durable structure.

In the above, the first layer in contact with the crown part holds the splint by undercuts in the tooth neck part and the interdental part, and is formed of a soft material that is easy to put on and take off. Suitable examples of the material include soft resins such as low molecular weight polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, polyurethane rubber, and silicone rubber. The thickness thereof is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 2.0 mm. If it is less than 0.2 mm, it will be difficult to put on and take off the splint, and if it exceeds 2.0 mm, the splint itself will become thicker and the sensation of a foreign body in the oral cavity will increase. Particularly preferred is a range of 0.3 to 1.5 mm.

The second layer, which is an intermediate layer, is a layer made of a hard material to prevent the entire splint from being deformed during attachment/detachment or occlusion, and to prevent the third layer of the occlusal surface from being perforated. Preferably, the material is
Rigid thermoplastic resins such as polystyrene, high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyacrylonitrile, and polyphenylene oxide can be used.
The thickness thereof is preferably 2.0 mm or less. 2.0mm
If the splint is exceeded, the thickness of the labial, buccal, and lingual side of the splint will increase, increasing the sensation of a foreign body in the oral cavity, and the thickness of the third layer of the splint's occlusal surface must be thinned.
Undesirable. Particularly preferred is a range of 0.3 to 1.0 mm.

Further, the third layer is a layer that is localized only to the occlusal surface portion of the splint and is in contact with the opposing teeth. Like the first layer, examples of the material include soft resins such as low molecular weight polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, polyurethane rubber, and silicone rubber.
The thickness thereof is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 10 mm.
If it is less than 0.5 mm, the opposing teeth will directly bite the second layer during occlusion and break the splint, and if it exceeds 10 mm, the occlusal surface of the splint will become thicker and the mouth opening will be too large, causing abnormalities in the temporomandibular joint. It will happen. Particularly preferred is a range of 1.0 to 3.0 mm.

The thickness of the occlusal surface of the entire splint should be 3 to 10 mm. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the thickness of the anterior tooth portion is thicker than that of the molar tooth portion.

Manufacturing methods include pasting each layer together using an adhesive, heating and softening, then molding with pressure or suction, and welding and laminating.Also, there are methods of laminating one layer at a time, two layers or Various methods can be adopted, such as forming three layers at once, cutting the square or circular sheet material after forming it, and forming the sheet in the desired shape in advance. can. Which method to use depends on the material, shape, form, etc. of the sheet used for splinting, and it is desirable to carry out under conditions suitable for the sheet, and the method can be selected as appropriate by those skilled in the art.

Furthermore, the form of the sprint in the present invention is
It goes without saying that it can also be applied to mouthguards used to prevent trauma to teeth and jaws in contact sports, positioners used in orthodontic treatment, etc.

The present invention will be further specifically explained based on Examples.

(Example 1) A splint to be attached to the upper jaw teeth was manufactured for a patient whose main complaint was bruxism according to the following procedure.

Intraoral impressions were taken and a plaster model of the upper jaw was made.

An ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer sheet with a thickness of 1.5 mm is pressure-molded onto the maxillary plaster model using a New Biostar (pressure-forming machine manufactured by Shoi Dental Co., Ltd.). The excess portion around the pressed sheet was trimmed with scissors.

A polycarbonate sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm was heated and softened again using the New Biostar, and then pressure molded. The excess peripheral portion of the pressed polycarbonate sheet was trimmed with scissors to produce a two-layer splint.

Furthermore, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer sheet having a thickness of 1.5 mm was softened by heating and pressure molded on top of the polycarbonate sheet using a New Biostar. The pressed sheet was trimmed with scissors so that it was laminated only on the occlusal surface of the splint, and the splint was completed.

Although the completed splint was only held on the maxillary teeth, it had excellent retention stability in the oral cavity. The labiobuccal and palatal sides of the splint are 2.0
It was thin (mm), and there was almost no foreign body sensation in the oral cavity. The occlusal part with the mandibular teeth was made of soft resin, so the patient was able to use it without any discomfort. Further, during the one month period of use, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer sheet on the occlusal surface was not bitten off by the polycarbonate intermediate layer, and a sufficient therapeutic effect could be obtained.

(Example 2) A splint to be worn in the oral cavity when playing sports was manufactured according to the following procedure.

Intraoral impressions were taken and a plaster model of the mandible was made.

An ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm was pressure-molded onto a mandibular plaster model using a New Biostar. The excess portion around the pressed sheet was trimmed with scissors.

A polycarbonate sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm was heated and softened again on top of the sheet using the New Biostar, and then pressure molded. The excess peripheral portion of the pressed polycarbonate sheet was trimmed with scissors to produce a two-layer splint.

Furthermore, an ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer sheet having a thickness of 2.0 mm was softened by heating and pressure molded on top of the polycarbonate sheet using a New Biostar. The pressed sheet was trimmed with scissors so that it was laminated only between the splint occlusions, and the splint was completed.

Even though the completed splint was only held by the teeth, it was held very stably in the mouth, and the patient was able to speak without any problems during the competition. The labial-buccal and palatal sides of the splint were as thin as 1.0 mm, so there was almost no foreign body sensation in the oral cavity, and the player was able to get excited about playing during the competition. The occlusal area with the maxillary teeth is
Since it is made of soft resin, it is now possible to chew firmly, and the back muscles are about 15% stronger compared to when it is not worn. In addition, due to the reinforcing effect of the second layer of polycarbonate, the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer sheet on the occlusal surface has a
It was extremely durable and did not get chewed up even after being used for several months.

(Comparative Example 1) For comparison, a splint was manufactured for the same patient as in Example 1.

Intraoral impressions were taken and a plaster model of the upper jaw was made.

An ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer sheet with a thickness of 3.0 mm was pressure-molded onto the maxillary plaster model using a New Biostar.

The excess portion around the pressed sheet was trimmed with scissors to complete the splint.

Since the completed splint was made entirely of soft resin, it was poorly retained in the oral cavity and easily fell off during use. Also, after using it for three days, a hole formed in the occlusal surface, making it unusable.

(Comparative Example 2) For comparison, a splint was manufactured for the same patient as in Example 1.

Intraoral impressions were taken and a plaster model of the upper jaw was made.

Polymethyl methacrylate with a thickness of 3.0 mm was pressure molded onto the maxillary plaster model using New Biostar.

The excess portion around the pressed sheet was trimmed with a plastic cutter (heat cutter manufactured by Shoi Dental Co., Ltd.) to complete a splint.

The completed splint had moderate retention in the oral cavity, but occlusal adjustment was required to bring the mandibular teeth into even contact with the occlusal surface of the completed splint. In addition, because the occlusal surface is made of hard resin, it is not often used by patients, and sufficient therapeutic effects cannot be obtained.

(Comparative Example 3) For comparison, a splint was manufactured for the same patient as in Example 1.

Intraoral impressions were taken and a plaster model of the upper jaw was made.

An ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer sheet with a thickness of 3.0 mm was pressure-molded on a maxillary plaster model using a New Biostar. The excess portion around the pressed sheet was trimmed with scissors.

Polyethylene with a thickness of 1.0 mm was heated and softened on top of the sheet using the New Biostar again, and then pressure molded. The excess portion around the pressed polyethylene was trimmed with scissors to produce a two-layer splint.

Although the completed splint was held well in the oral cavity, it often deformed and fell off during occlusion. In addition, the labial-buccal and palatal sides of the splint are thick, giving a strong foreign body sensation, and the occlusal surface is made of a hard material, so patients do not use the splint often and a sufficient therapeutic effect cannot be obtained.

[Effects of the invention] As described above, the sprint according to the present invention has the following effects:
Because it has the specific three-layer structure as described above, it has excellent maintenance stability in the oral cavity, is comfortable to wear, and has excellent durability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows the occlusal surface of the splint manufactured in Example 1. In the figure, 1 is a splint and 2 is an upper dentition. FIG. 2 is a labial side view of the splint manufactured in Example 1. In the figure, 1 is a splint, 2 is an upper tooth row, 3 is an upper jaw alveolar region, 4 is a lower jaw row of teeth, and 5 is a lower jaw alveolar region. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the front teeth of the splint manufactured in Example 1. In the figure, 6 is the first layer of the splint, 7 is the second layer of the splint, 8 is the third layer of the splint, 3 is the maxillary alveolar region, 9 is the maxillary anterior tooth,
10 is a mandibular anterior tooth, and 5 is a mandibular alveolar part. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the molar portion of the splint manufactured in Example 1. In the figure, 6 is the first layer of the splint, 7 is the second layer of the splint, 8 is the third layer of the splint, 3 is the maxillary alveolar region, 11 is the maxillary molar, 12 is the mandibular molar, and 5 is the mandibular alveolar region.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A splint that covers part or all of a tooth, 1) a first layer made of a soft material and in contact with the crown of the tooth, 2) a splint made of a hard material and laminated to cover the entire first layer. The splint is characterized in that it is configured by integrating three layers: a second layer, and 3) a third layer made of a soft material and laminated to cover only the occlusal surface portion of the second layer.