RU2768564C1 - Well fluid splash prevention device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the oil industry, in particular to devices for preventing splashing of well fluid. The device for preventing splashing of the well fluid contains a cylindrical body, consisting of two halves connected to each other pivotally. A baffle located concentrically inside a cylindrical body, an annular cavity between the baffle and the body. Drain funnel. Screw-on top tube and bottom tube, sealing and centering elements. The partition is made of two halves, each of which is rigidly connected from above and below with the ends of the halves of the cylindrical body. The septum is equipped with rows of radial holes communicating the internal cavity of the septum with the annular cavity. The drain funnel is made in the form of a side outlet, rigidly installed in the lower part of the cylindrical body, with the constructive fulfillment of the condition: S₁<S₂<S₃, where S₁ is the total area of ​​all radial holes made in the corresponding halves of the partition, m², S₂ is the transverse area of ​​the annular cavity , m², S₃ is the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow section of the side outlet, m². Each of the halves of the cylindrical body is provided with sealing elements along the perimeter of their contact with each other, as well as along the perimeter of contact with the outer surfaces of the upper unscrewed pipe and the lower pipe coupling. Handles are rigidly mounted on the outer surface of each of the halves of the cylindrical body. The device is equipped with a retainer of the halves of the cylindrical body, fixed on the device before unscrewing the top tube. The centering elements are made in the form of stiffening ribs installed rigidly in the annular cavity above the radial holes of the baffle and ensuring the alignment of the halves of the cylindrical body and the baffle relative to the central axis of the device.

EFFECT: improving the reliability and efficiency of the device to prevent splashing of well fluid, as well as eliminating environmental pollution, ensuring labor safety and improving the production culture.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil industry, in particular to devices for improving labor safety and environmental protection when lifting a pipe string from a well with a spout. When lifting a string of pipes and unscrewing them at the wellhead, the well fluid is spilled over the equipment and the work site.

Known collector for collecting drilling fluid (patent RU No. 2470138, publ. 12/20/20212), flowing from the pipe in the process of disconnecting it from the pipe string, in its working position covering the connection zone of the specified pipe with the pipe string and having: side parts and a collecting volume and at least one drilling fluid outlet. The collection volume of the reservoir contains a porous material suitable for drilling fluid to flow into it, and the entire collection volume of the reservoir is filled with porous material. The porous material has different porosity in different parts of the reservoir volume. The porous material is formed by a fibrous material. The porous material is formed by open-cell foam material, provided with a cutout extending from the manifold opening to its side. The cutout has a non-planar profile, a tray plate is installed on its lower side, while at least one outlet is made in the tray plate, and at least one of its side parts is equipped with a flexible plate, while its upper side is equipped with a cover plate .

The disadvantages of the device are:

- design complexity due to a large number of components and parts (porous material, pallet plate, flexible plate, covering plate, etc.);

- the complexity of manufacturing and the high cost of the device associated primarily with the porous material, since the porous material has different porosity in different parts of the volume of the reservoir, and the porous material is formed by a fibrous material, while the porous material is formed by an open-pore foam;

- high probability of environmental pollution, due to the fact that the well fluid pours out at the wellhead when lifting pipes, due to the lack of sealing elements on the side ends of the hinged two halves of the body;

- labor safety and low production standards are not ensured. This is due to the absence of a latch that secures the body, which consists of two hinged halves in the working position after the device is installed at the wellhead, as well as the lack of handles for installing and removing the device, which can lead to the device slipping from the hands of the maintenance personnel during lifting and injury service personnel.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for preventing splashing of well fluid (patent RU No. 2041339, dated 08/09/1995), including a cylindrical body consisting of two pivotally connected halves with an upper sealing and a lower centering element, chippers and an end drain funnel , the body is provided with a concentrically located baffle, the fenders are made in the form of perforated plates, the upper of which forms a mixing chamber with the upper sealing element and hydraulically connects the baffle cavity with the annular cavity between this baffle and the body, and the lower baffle plate is installed in the lower part of the said annular cavity, while the lower centering element is made in the form of a sealing element and is installed in the end part of the partition.

The disadvantages of the device are:

- low work efficiency. This is due to the presence in the design of the device of the upper and lower perforated plates, which limit the throughput of the device when draining the liquid from the extracted pipe and create hydraulic resistance. As a result, the perforated trays block the fluid flow in the annular cavity, and therefore the well fluid drained from the extracted pipe only partially (not in full) flows to the drain funnel. Thus, it delays the time of draining the downhole fluid from the mixing chamber of the device through the drain funnel into the well;

- low reliability of operation, the device when working with well fluids of various viscosities. This is due to the fact that the perforations of the trays during operation are clogged with dirt, sand, rust, sludge, etc., which are part of the well fluid poured from the pipe and do not ensure the drain of the well fluid through the drain funnel into the well;

- environmental pollution, due to the fact that the well fluid, when the upper pipes are turned off through the device, pours out to the wellhead, due to the lack of sealing elements on the side ends of the hinged two halves of the body. In addition, the drain funnel is located at the lower end of the cylindrical body, which does not ensure the removal of the liquid drained from the pipe into the trough tank or pit, while the liquid is poured out at the wellhead;

- labor safety and low production standards are not ensured. This is due to the absence of a latch that secures the cylindrical body, which consists of two hinged halves, which can lead to spontaneous opening of the cylindrical body halves at the wellhead, as well as the lack of handles for installing and removing the device, which can lead to the device slipping from the hands of the operating personnel into the process of lifting and injury to service personnel.

The technical objectives of the invention are the development of a design that improves the reliability and efficiency of the device to prevent splashing of well fluid, as well as eliminate environmental pollution, ensure labor safety and improve production standards.

The set technical problems are solved by a device for preventing splashing of well fluid, containing a cylindrical body, consisting of two halves, hinged to each other, a baffle concentrically located inside the cylindrical body, an annular cavity between the baffle and the body, a drain funnel, an upper unscrewed pipe and a lower pipe, sealing and centering elements.

What is new is that the baffle is made of two halves, each of which is rigidly connected at the top and bottom with the ends of the halves of the cylindrical body, while the baffle is equipped with rows of radial holes communicating the internal cavity of the baffle with the annular cavity, while the drain funnel is made in the form of a side outlet, rigidly installed in the lower part of the cylindrical body, each of the halves of the cylindrical body along the perimeter of their contact with each other, as well as along the perimeter of contact with the outer surfaces of the upper unscrewed pipe and the lower pipe coupling is equipped with sealing elements, and on the outer surface of each of the halves of the cylindrical body are rigidly installed handles, and the device is equipped with a retainer for the halves of the cylindrical body, which is fixed on the device before unscrewing the upper tube, while the centering elements are made in the form of stiffeners installed rigidly in the annular cavity above the radial holes in the partitions and ensuring the alignment of the halves of the cylindrical body and partitions relative to the central axis of the device.

In FIG. 1 shows a device for preventing splashing of well fluid, a general side view.

In FIG. 2 shows a device for preventing splashing of well fluid, a longitudinal section.

In FIG. 3 shows a device for preventing splashing of well fluid, cross section A-A.

In FIG. 4 shows a device for preventing splashing of well fluid, cross section B-B.

In FIG. 5 shows a device for preventing splashing of well fluid, cross section B-B.

In FIG. 6 shows a device for preventing splashing of well fluid, cross section G-D.

The device for preventing splashing of well fluid contains a cylindrical body consisting of two halves 1' and 1" (see Fig. 1-6), hinged to each other by means of hinges 2' and 2" (see Fig. 1, 3) , as well as a baffle concentrically located inside the cylindrical body, made of two halves 3' and 3" (see Fig. 2-3).

Each of the halves 3' and 3" of the baffle is rigidly connected at the top and bottom with the corresponding ends of the halves 1' and 1" of the cylindrical body.

The partition 3' and 3" is equipped with rows of radial holes 4' and 4" (see Fig. 2) connecting the internal cavity of the partition with the annular cavity 5 (see Fig. 2, 4), while the drain funnel is made in the form of a side outlet 6 (see Fig. 1-2), rigidly mounted in the lower part of the cylindrical body 1. For example, the radial holes 4' and 4" in the respective halves 3' and 3" of the baffle are made in two rows as shown in Fig. 2.

As materials for the manufacture of a cylindrical body, consisting of two halves 1' and 1 "and a partition made of two halves 3' and 3", as well as a side outlet 6, pipes are used according to GOST 10704-91 "Steel electric-welded longitudinal pipes".

For reliable operation of the device, it is necessary that the following condition is constructively fulfilled:

S ₁ <S ₂ < S ₃ ,

where S ₁ is the total area of all radial holes 4' and 4 "made in the corresponding halves 3' and 3" of the partition, m ² ;

S ₂ is the transverse area of the annular cavity 5, m ² ;

S ₃ - cross-sectional area of the flow section of the side outlet 6, m ² .

Let's take an example.

Pipe diameters are selected according to GOST 10704-91 "Steel electric-welded longitudinal pipes".

1. Determine the value of S ₁ .

Partition 3 is made of pipes with a diameter of 108 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm. The total number of radial holes 4' and 4" in the corresponding halves 3' and 3" of the partition, made in two rows: n = 8 pieces, and the diameter of each radial hole d = 20 mm = 0.020 m.

Then: S ₁ \u003d (π d ² /4) n \u003d (3.14 (0.02 m) ² /4) 8 \u003d 2.51 10 ^-3 m ² .

2. Determine the value of S ₂ .

The cylindrical body is made of cut into two halves 1' and 1" with a diameter of 133 mm and a wall thickness of 5.0 mm. Then the inner diameter of the cylindrical body:

D ₁ \u003d 133 mm - (5.0 mm 2) \u003d 123 mm \u003d 0.123 m.

The partition is made of pipes cut into two halves 3' and 3" with a diameter of 114 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm. Then the outer diameter of the partition is: D ₂ = 108 mm = 0.108 m.

Then: S ₂ = (π D 1/4) - (π D ₂ / ₄ = (3.14 (0.123 m) ^2/4 ) - (3.14 (0.108 m) ^2/4 ) = 11.87 10 ^-3 m ² - 9.15 10 ^-3 m ² \u003d 2.72 10 ^-3 m ² .

3. Determine the value of S ₃ .

The side outlet 6 is made of a pipe with an outer diameter of 73 mm and a wall thickness of 5.5 mm. Then the inner diameter of the side outlet: D ₃ \u003d 73 mm - (5.5 mm 2) \u003d 62 mm \u003d 0.062 m.

Then: S ₂ \u003d (π D ₃ /4) \u003d (3.14 (0.062 m) ² /4) \u003d 3.02 10 ^-3 m ² .

Thus, the condition S ₁ <S ₂ < S ₃ is fulfilled:

2.51 10 ^-3 m ² < 2.85 10 ^-3 m ² < 3.02 10 ^-3 m ² .

Each of the halves 1' and 1" (see Fig. 1-6) of the cylindrical body along the perimeter of their contact with each other, as well as along the perimeter of contact with the outer surfaces of the upper, unscrewed, pipe 7 (see Fig. 1-2, 5 ) and the sleeve 8 (see Fig. 1-2, 6) of the lower pipe is equipped with sealing elements 9' and 9". As sealing elements 9' and 9" (see Fig. 1-6), flat gaskets are used according to GOST 15180-86 "Elastic flat gaskets" attached around the perimeter to each of the halves 1' and 1" of the cylindrical body.

On the outer surface of each of the halves 1' and 1" of the cylindrical body, handles 10' and 10" are rigidly mounted (see Fig. 1-2), respectively. For example, handles 10 'and 10 "can be U-shaped from round rolled metal with a diameter of 20 mm according to GOST 2590-2006" Hot-rolled section steel round "and welded to the corresponding halves 1 'and 1 "cylindrical body.

The device is equipped with a latch 11 (see Fig. 1 and 4) halves 1 'and 1 "cylindrical body, fixed on the device before unscrewing the top tube 6. The latch 11 can be made in the form of a bracket made of spring steel in accordance with GOST 14959-79 "Rolled from spring-spring carbon and alloy steel Specifications". If necessary, 2-3 brackets can be used.

The centering elements are made in the form of stiffeners 12, for example, in the amount of four pieces, installed at an angle of 90° to each other in the same plane (see Fig. 2 and 3). The stiffening ribs 12 are installed rigidly in the annular cavity above the radial holes 4 of the partitions 3' and 3".

The stiffeners 12, on the one hand, are rigidly connected to the inner surface of the halves 1' and 1" of the cylindrical body, and on the other hand, to the outer surface of the halves 3' and 3" of the partition by any known connection, for example, by welding or threaded connection with screws ( in Fig. 1-6 is not shown).

The stiffening ribs 12 ensure the alignment of the halves 1' and 1" of the cylindrical body and the partitions 3' and 3" relative to the central axis 13 (see Fig. 3) of the device.

The device works as follows.

The proposed device is installed at the wellhead in a position where the top unscrewed pipe 7 is in a suspended state, and under the sleeve 8 of the bottom pipe is installed elevator (not shown in Fig. 1-6), located on the support flange of the well.

Before installing the device at the wellhead, a cylindrical body consisting of two halves 1' and 1" (see Fig. 1 and 2) is in the open position, i.e. half 1' and 1" of the cylindrical body and half 3' and 3 "partitions are open. The device is taken by the handles 10' and 10" and put on the coupling 8 of the lower pipe and the upper pipe 7 (see Fig. 1 and 2).

Next, the halves 1' and 1" of the cylindrical body are brought together thanks to the hinges 2' and 2" and the halves 3' and 3" of the partition between themselves in the closed position, and then, using the latch 11, the halves 1' and 1" of the cylindrical body are fixed from spontaneous opening of the halves 1 'and 1 "of the cylindrical body, to the side outlet 6, for example, using a quick-release connection, a drain line is connected, tied with a gutter tank or barn (not shown in Fig. 1-6). The latch 11 tightens the sealing elements 9' and 9" corresponding halves 1' and 1" of the cylindrical body between themselves and ensures the tightness of the device when draining the liquid after unscrewing the top pipe 7.

Next, the hydraulic keys (not shown in Fig. 1-6) are inserted into the upper pipe 7 and the upper pipe 7 is unscrewed. ).

In this case, the well fluid inside the upper pipe 7 pours into the baffle 3' and 3" and then through the radial holes 4' and 4" made in the corresponding halves 3' and 3" of the baffle, an annular cavity 5 enters from where through the outlet 6 along the drain the line is discharged into a trough tank or barn (not shown in Fig. 1-6).

The partition, made of two halves 3' and 3", dampens the energy of the well fluid jet flowing from the top pipe 7 that is turned off when it moves into the side outlet 6. Next, the drain line is disconnected from the side outlet 6, tied with a trough tank or a barn, and then remove the latch 11, which secures the halves 1' and 1" of the cylindrical body, take the device by the handles 10' and 10" and remove it from the wellhead. Next, the next upper pipe 7 is lifted from the well and installed in a suspended state, while under the sleeve 8 the lower pipe is mounted on an elevator (not shown in Figs. 1-6), which is placed on the supporting flange of the well.

Further, the above technological operations are repeated with the next upper pipe 7. Thus, all pipes are lifted from the well.

The efficiency of the device increases, since perforated plates are excluded from the design, therefore, the throughput of the device is not limited when draining the liquid from the extracted pipe, but due to the fulfillment of the condition obtained during the design of the device: S ₁ <S ₂ < S ₃ , the throughput of the device increases as movement of the drained fluid from the extracted pipe into the drain funnel, therefore, the well fluid drained from the extracted pipe flows in full to the drain funnel, made in the form of a side outlet.

The reliability of the device operation increases when working with downhole fluids of various viscosities, since each radial hole in the baffle is made with a diameter of 20 mm, determined empirically, which eliminates clogging of these radial holes with mud, sand, rust, sludge, etc., located in composition of the downhole fluid poured out of the pipe and ensures the drain of the downhole fluid through the drain funnel into the well.

Eliminates environmental pollution by well fluid when pipes are unscrewed. This is due to the presence of sealing elements on the side ends of the hinged two halves of the body, which ensure the hermetic operation of the device in the process of draining the well fluid from the upper pipe. The drain funnel, made in the form of a side outlet in the lower part of the body, ensures the drainage of the liquid drained from the pipe into a trough tank or barn. As a result, the well fluid does not flow to the wellhead.

Labor safety is ensured and the culture of production is improved. This is achieved due to the presence of a latch that secures the two halves of the cylindrical body, which excludes spontaneous opening of the halves of the cylindrical body at the wellhead, as well as the presence of handles for installing and removing the device, which prevents the device from slipping from the hands of the maintenance personnel during the lifting process, and also eliminates injuries to the attendants. staff.

The proposed device for preventing splashing of well fluid allows you to:

- increase the reliability of work;

- improve work efficiency;

- exclude environmental pollution;

- ensure labor safety and improve the culture of work performance.

Claims (5)

A device for preventing splashing of well fluid, containing a cylindrical body, consisting of two halves connected to each other pivotally, a baffle concentrically located inside the cylindrical body, an annular cavity between the baffle and the body, a drain funnel, an upper unscrewed pipe and a lower pipe, sealing and centering elements, characterized in that the baffle is made of two halves, each of which is rigidly connected at the top and bottom with the ends of the halves of the cylindrical body, while the baffle is equipped with rows of radial holes communicating the internal cavity of the baffle with the annular cavity, while the drain funnel is made in the form of a side outlet, rigidly installed in the lower part of the cylindrical body, with the constructive fulfillment of the condition: S ₁ <S ₂ <S ₃ , where S ₁ is the total area of all radial holes made in the corresponding halves of the partition, m ² ; S ₂ - transverse area of the annular cavity, m ² ; S ₃ - cross-sectional area of the flow section of the side outlet, m ² , each of the halves of the cylindrical body along the perimeter of their contact with each other, as well as along the perimeter of contact with the outer surfaces of the upper unscrewed pipe and the coupling of the lower pipe, is provided with sealing elements, and on the outer surface of each of the halves of the cylindrical body, handles are rigidly installed, and the device is equipped with a lock of the halves of the cylindrical housing, fixed on the device before unscrewing the upper tube, while the centering elements are made in the form of stiffeners installed rigidly in the annular cavity above the radial holes of the baffle and ensuring the alignment of the halves of the cylindrical body and the baffle relative to the central axis of the device.

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