RU2767211C1 - Car bonnet electromechanical locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automotive industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to car bonnet locking device and is intended to prevent unauthorized entry into car engine compartment. Car bonnet locking device comprises locking element 13, a locking element position monitoring device having the possibility of being connected to a vehicle power source and comprising a computing device, as well as interacting permanent magnet 12 and Hall sensor 11. Device comprises a housing made with a hole for passage of locking element 13, fixed in housing locking element locking drive connected to rotary bolt 6, which is located in the housing with the possibility of interaction with locking element 13 at the closed position of the locking device. Locking element position control device is equipped with a transceiver providing wireless communication via Bluetooth protocol with an authorized user, and/or vehicle electronic control unit, and/or vehicle alarm system. Permanent magnet 12 of the locking element position control device is connected to the locking element, and Hall sensor 11 is fixed near hole 5 in housing 1 in the area of the magnetic field of permanent magnet 12 at the closed position of the locking device.

EFFECT: simplified design, higher reliability and enhanced anti-theft protection.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of automotive industry and is intended to prevent unauthorized entry into the engine compartment of a car.

Different designs of hood locking devices are known for different vehicles, using mechanical and/or electric drives of the actuator.

A typical mechanical hood lock is described in copyright certificate SU1028826, 1983. The lock includes a locking rod fixed on the trunk lid, spring-loaded and a support washer surrounding the locking rod. A locking device with latches and an overlay with a socket for a locking rod is fixed on the car body. The lock contains a sealing annular element, which is installed between the cover and the lining of the locking device and covers the locking rod. A groove is made on the inner surface of the sealing element, while the support washer is installed in this groove. When opening the lid, the locking rod is disengaged from the latches of the locking device by means of a drive, while the spring, unclenching, lifts the lid to a position where its head comes into contact with the support washer. Part of the sealing element comes out of contact with the cover, while the other part is held on the movable support washer, rising up along with the locking rod.

In such mechanical solutions, important characteristics of control of the reliability of locking, feedback and redundancy of controls are not achieved.

A lock for a vehicle is known, comprising a housing in which a slider is located with the possibility of reciprocating movement, with a main cable fixed on it, enclosed in a flexible sheath and brought out of the housing, an electric motor, the shaft of which is connected through a centrifugal clutch to the safety clutch of the travel rotation drive a screw mounted in the cavity of the slider to move the latter, a safety cable in a flexible sheath located inside the body and an envelope slider with the possibility of its free movement, while one end of the safety cable is brought out of the body, and the other is fixed inside, and a locking device. The lock additionally contains a fastening unit for the flexible sheath of the main cable and a control device for locking the locking device connected to the vehicle control unit and monitoring the state of the lock "open" or "closed" (RU 2384684, 2010).

A car hood lock is known, in which the locking element is made in the form of a cylindrical rod (bolt) with a recess on the cylindrical surface in the area where the thickening of the locking rod fixed on the hood enters the lock. Rotation of the bolt relative to the lock rod can be carried out by an electric motor located in the lock body and controlled by the control board. In one position of the bolt, the recess in the case of a closed hood is turned to the side opposite from the locking rod with a bulge, and the cylindrical surface of the bolt does not allow the bulge of the rod to move upwards. The hood cannot be opened. In the second position of the bolt, the recess is turned towards the locking rod and allows the rod with the thickening to move upwards. The hood is ready to open. The control board also allows you to keep the deadbolt in the closed hood position when there is no power supply. The lock is powered by the on-board electrical network through the ignition key, but an element disconnecting the power circuit is inserted into the break of this power circuit, installed in a place in the car interior, known only to the car owner (RU 177420, 2018).

The closest technical solution is a device for determining the position of the locking element of the locking device of a car (DE102008062230A1, 2009). depending on the position of the locking element moving relative to the permanent magnets attached to the motor. The position of the moving locking element affects the reduction of the magnetic field, as a result, the position of the locking element "closed" or "open" can be determined by the signal of the Hall sensor.

In the analogs described above, including the closest analog, if there is a means for tracking the state of the lock "open" or "closed", there is no possibility of feedback and duplication of the lock controls.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of analogues, including the closest analogue, to simplify the design of the locking device while ensuring high reliability of its operation, as well as to provide enhanced anti-theft protection of the car using the electronic security systems available in the car and to exclude unauthorized access to the engine compartment the space in which, in particular, the electronic modules of security systems are placed.

This technical problem is solved due to the fact that the electromechanical locking device of the car hood contains a housing that is fixed in the engine compartment of the car, and a locking element - a pin of variable section, which is mounted on the hood when the locking device is mounted on the car. In the body of the locking device, a hole is formed for the passage of the locking element, in addition, in the body there is a drive for fixing the locking element connected to a rotary bolt interacting with the locking element (with a pin of variable cross section) when it is locked in the closed position of the locking device. The electric motor of the drive for fixing the locking element is powered from the power source of the car

The device for monitoring the position of the locking element is made in the form of an electronic control board installed in the housing, which can be connected to the power supply of the vehicle and contains a computing device with a microprocessor and non-volatile memory, as well as a transceiver connected to the computing device, providing wireless communication via Bluetooth protocol with a smartphone of an authorized user, and / or the processor of the electronic control unit of the car, and / or the security system of the car. In addition, the locking element position control device comprises a Hall sensor and at least one permanent magnet fixed on the locking element or installed in its cavity. The Hall sensor is preferably mounted on the electronic control board near the opening in the housing for the locking element, and is located in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet attached to the locking element when the locking element is installed in the opening of the housing. Detection of the position of the locking element is implemented due to the interaction of the permanent magnet field associated with the locking element and the Hall sensor, which transmits a signal to the computing device. The input-output of the Hall sensor is connected to the corresponding output-input of the computing device. The electromechanical locking device also includes a drive for locking the locking element in the closed position of the locking device, and the locking element is preferably made in the form of a pin of variable cross section. The locking element locking drive is installed in the housing and consists of an electric motor connected to a computing device and a gearbox, the output shaft of which is connected to a rotary bolt, which is a means of blocking the locking element (pin) in the closed position.

The locking element, which is a pin of variable cross section, is made, for example, with one thickening or two or more thickenings at the free end, which ensure blocking of the locking element when interacting with the rotary bolt. The pin of variable cross section is preferably made of stainless steel, it can be equipped with an anti-saw freely rotating outer sleeve, which prevents the destruction (cutting) of the pin by intruders when trying to open the hood.

The electromechanical locking device of the hood is equipped with an additional flexible metal cable in a sealed braid, designed for emergency shutdown of the mechanical part of the locking device, power off and forced unlocking of the locking element in an emergency.

The technical result achieved by using the invention is the creation of a simple, compact, reliable device that provides protection against possible mechanical damage to the locking element and the rotary bolt of the drive for fixing the locking element by accurately determining the location of the locking element (pin) relative to the counterpart - the hole in the hull. Since an important requirement for the hood locking device is its safety, namely the guaranteed possibility of opening only by an authorized user, a transceiver has been introduced into the device that allows communication via the BlueTooth radio control channel, and this communication can be used, in particular, by an authorized user using his smartphone, thus , the claimed device has a function that allows you to reliably inform an authorized user about the success/failure of closing/opening the hood locking device, about its serviceability, receiving data directly from the device for monitoring the position of the locking element, the transceiver of which informs the user about the status of the locking device via Bluetooth in accordance with signal received from the computing device, which ensures the reliability of the device.

For emergencies, including when the power supply is interrupted, the electronics (electronic control board) malfunction, a covertly installed mechanical cable in a protected sheath is provided, capable of mechanically unlocking the car hood by acting directly on the locking element of the device by displacing the bolt relative to the locking element. This unlocking method is more reliable, because. does not depend on the presence of power in the vehicle's on-board network and the operability of the control board in the locking device itself.

Thus, the locking device is small in size due to the fact that the control device for the position of the locking element is an electronic control board on which the Hall sensor is installed, and the permanent magnet can be located inside the locking element, while ensuring high reliability of recognizing the position of the locking element fixed on the hood, relative to the body located in the engine compartment, as well as the position of the rotary bolt of the drive for fixing the locking element. In addition, an additional increase in the reliability of operation by eliminating damage to the locking element and / or the rotary bolt blocking the locking element is provided by the introduction of a Bluetooth transceiver into the device for monitoring the position of the locking element, which allows communication with an authorized user's smartphone and implement a new function - creating feedback with a smartphone authorized user and informing the user about the state of the locking device and the position of the locking element, which allows additional control over the operation of the device. Receiving data from the device for monitoring the position of the locking element, the authorized user is reliably informed about the success/failure of closing/opening the hood locking device, about its locking/unlocking, as well as about the presence of serviceability, if any.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

In FIG. 1 – top view of the case with elements installed in it;

In FIG. 2 - view A from Fig. one;

In FIG. 3 – fragment (side view) of the locking device in the closed position;

In FIG. 4 and 5 - a variant of locking the locking element with a rotary bolt.

In FIG. 6 - functional diagram of the locking device.

In the drawings, positions indicate:

1 - body;

2 - electronic control board;

3 - holes for attaching the body;

4 - reinforced part of the body;

5 - hole for the locking element;

6 - rotary bolt;

7 - the place of fastening of the emergency cable

8 - reducer;

9 - electric motor (DC)

10 - emergency cable

11 - Hall sensor;

12 – permanent magnet;

13 - locking element;

14 - screw fixing the magnets;

15 - microprocessor;

16 - non-volatile memory (ROM);

17 - Bluetooth transceiver.

The electromechanical locking device of the car hood contains a body 1, which is located in the engine compartment of the car and is fixed with fasteners installed in holes 3 for fastening the body 1, and a locking element 13 is attached to the hood, made in the form of a pin of variable cross section, mainly with a thickening on the free end. In the housing 1 of the locking device in its reinforced part 4, an opening 5 is formed for the passage of the locking element 13, in addition, in the housing 1 the drive for fixing the locking element 13 is located and fixed, consisting of an electric motor 9 associated with a computing device, and a gearbox 8, while the output shaft of the reducer 8 is connected to a rotary bolt 6 designed to interact with the locking element 13 (with a pin of variable cross section) when it is locked in the closed position of the locking device. The power supply of the electric motor 9 of the drive for fixing the locking element is carried out from the power source of the car.

The device for monitoring the position of the locking element is installed in the housing 1 and is made in the form of an electronic control board 2, which can be connected to the power source of the car and contains a computing device with a microprocessor 15, non-volatile memory 16, a transceiver 17 that provides wireless communication via Bluetooth protocol with an authorized user's smartphone , and / or the processor of the electronic control unit of the car, and / or the security system of the car.

In addition, the locking element position control device comprises a Hall sensor 11 fixed on the electronic board 2 and at least one permanent magnet 12 attached to the locking element 13 or installed in its cavity. If one, two or more permanent magnets 12 are installed in the cavity of the locking element 13, said magnets 12 are fixed in the cavity by means of the magnet fixing screw 14.

The Hall sensor 11 is mounted in the housing 1 near the hole 5 for the locking element (under the pin of variable cross section) 13 at a distance that allows the Hall sensor 11 to perceive the magnetic field from the permanent magnet (magnets) 12 when the locking element 13 enters the hole 5 of the housing 1. Position detection the locking element 13 is implemented due to the interaction of the field of the permanent magnet 12, which determines the position of the locking element 13, and the Hall sensor 11. The Hall sensor 11 and the transceiver 17 are connected to the computing device.

The locking element 13, which is a pin of variable cross section, is made, for example, with a bulge or bulges at the free end, and is preferably made of stainless steel. An anti-saw, freely rotating outer sleeve (not shown) can be installed on the pin of variable section, which prevents the pin from being destroyed (sawed) by intruders when they try to open the hood.

The electromechanical locking device of the hood is equipped with an additional flexible metal cable in a hermetic braid, designed for emergency shutdown of the mechanical part of the locking device, power off and forced unlocking of the variable section pin.

The detection of the position of the locking element is realized due to the interaction of the permanent magnet field associated with the locking element and the Hall sensor associated with the microprocessor. The locking device is controlled via a Bluetooth channel.

When the hood is closed, the locking element 13 (pin), which has a magnet 12 inside, enters the hole 5 in the housing 1 for the locking element. The Hall sensor, soldered on the electronic control board 2, determines the presence of a locking element (pin with a magnet 12) by changing the magnetic field. A change in the magnetic field occurs due to the appearance in the zone of sensitivity of the Hall sensor 11 of a permanent magnet 12, and, therefore, the locking element 13. When arming the car, the locking element 13 is blocked in the hole 5 under the locking element in the reinforced part 4 of the housing 1 by turning the rotary crossbar 6 so that the exit of the locking element 13 from the hole 5 was impossible.

The locking element 13 can be made in the form of a pin with a spherical thickening at the end (see Fig. 4 and 5). The rotary bolt 6 in this case is a cylindrical element with a ledge located along the generatrix of the cylinder, while turning the bolt 6 to block the locking element 13, the ledge of the bolt is turned towards the locking element 13 - a pin with a spherical thickening at the end, is located above the spherical thickening so that this protrusion does not allow the spherical thickening of the pin to move up. The hood cannot be opened. When the locking device is in the open position, the lug of the bolt is turned in the direction opposite to the locking element 13 and allows the pin with a spherical thickening to move upwards, the hood can be opened.

The signal from the security system of the car comes via a Bluetooth channel through a transceiver to the microprocessor 15, which controls the operation of the electric motor 9, which ensures the rotation of the rotary bolt 6 to the position of blocking, unlocking the locking element 13.

The electronic board 2 has a non-volatile memory (ROM) 16, which constantly records data on the position of the locking element 13, which makes it possible to ensure the correct operation of the locking device in the event of power failure from the electric motor 9, since the non-volatile memory 16 contains information about the last position of the rotary bolt 6 before turning off the power supply. The presence of non-volatile memory 16 makes it possible to exclude an attempt to close the hood if the rotary bolt 6 is in the locked position and, thereby, to avoid damage to the locking element 13 and the hood.

Opening-closing of the locking device occurs when a command is given to it by the Pandora security system by any of the methods provided in the alarm settings, while the hood locking device opens and closes simultaneously with the door locks at the signal of the user initiating the operation of the security system.

When the car is moving, the locking device is always in the open state to ensure unhindered access to the engine compartment of the car in the event of any emergency and emergency situations.

When the hood is closed, the locking element 13 is located in the hole 5 of the reinforced part 4 of the housing 1 in such a way that the Hall sensor 11 installed on the electronic control board 2 is affected by the magnetic field of the magnets 12 installed in the cavity of the pin (locking element 13), which makes it possible to determine the presence of the pin in the required position, allowing the closing of the locking device, i.e. locking the locking element 13 with a rotary bolt 6 upon a command received by the electric motor 9 from a computing device connected to a transceiver that receives a signal via Bluetooth to close the locking device.

If the locking element 13 is missing in the hole 5 of the reinforced part 4 of the body 1 (the hood is open), the rotation of the rotary bolt 6 does not occur in order to avoid damage to the elements of the hood when trying to slam with the bolt 6 in the locked position.

Claims (2)

1. A locking device for a car hood, containing a locking element, a device for monitoring the position of the locking element, configured to be connected to a vehicle power source and containing a permanent magnet and a Hall sensor interacting with each other, characterized in that the locking device additionally contains a computing device connected to the sensor Hall and a power source of the car, a housing in which a hole is made for the passage of the locking element, fixed in the housing and connected to the computing device, a drive for fixing the locking element, associated with a rotary bolt, which is located in the housing with the possibility of interacting with the locking element in the closed position of the locking device , the device for monitoring the position of the locking element contains a Bluetooth transceiver connected to the computing device, a permanent magnet is attached to the locking element, and the Hall sensor is installed near the hole in the housing in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet in the closed position of the locking device, and the locking device is configured to mechanically unlock the locking element, regardless of the presence of power. 2. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for monitoring the position of the locking element is made in the form of an electronic control board located in the housing, on which the said computing device, transceiver and Hall sensor are installed.

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