RU2764930C1 - Device for hydrodynamic cleaning of surfaces under water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to devices for hydrodynamic cleaning of surfaces under water. The device consists of a handle, a barrel, a rotating head containing nozzles, a protective casing made in the form of a diffuser. Inside the handle there is a tubular element through which the working fluid enters the barrel. The barrel is connected on one side to the head, and on the other side to the compensator nozzle installed in the opposite direction. The nozzles are displaced relative to the center of the head in mutually perpendicular directions. The axes of the nozzles lie in parallel planes and symmetrical nozzles form an angle of 0-180° with each other.EFFECT: increase in productivity is achieved when performing cleaning work.3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to technological devices for hydrodynamic cleaning of the surface of ship hulls, piers, piers, bridge supports and other submerged structures from biological fouling, corrosion and other contaminants using a submerged cavitating jet.

From the existing prior art, a tool for cleaning surfaces is known, containing a barrel and a hydrocavitation nozzle installed in the barrel at one end, the other end of the barrel is made free, a hose designed to supply water to the barrel and connected to it through an opening in the barrel in the middle section of the barrel , and a handle mounted on the trunk, in its middle section [1].

The disadvantage of such a tool is the low performance in cleaning surfaces under water, which is due to the presence of a single nozzle and, accordingly, a small area of the surface to be cleaned.

Known hydrodynamic device for cleaning the surface having a housing equipped with a handle and connected to the source of the working fluid, at least one nozzle for the formation of a cavitating jet of the working fluid, connected to the housing through the supply pipeline [2].

The disadvantage of such a device is the low efficiency of the design, since the water flow enters the disk with nozzles with a turn of 900, due to which part of the water pressure is lost, and the fusing of the jet action forces the diver to hold the tool vertically during cleaning, which complicates his work.

The closest technical solution (prototype) is a device for hydrodynamic cleaning of surfaces [3], containing a body and a working nozzle, inside the body-handle there is a tubular element connected on one side through an appropriate channel for supplying a working liquid medium and a flexible hose with a high pressure chamber, and on the other hand, through the outlet manifold - with the working barrel connected with the channel of the working head, the working head contains a protective casing made in the form of a diffuser, rigidly connected to the body of the working head, made cylindrical and connected to the working barrel, the second working nozzle and nozzles with with an axial hole, the diameter of which corresponds to the outer diameter of the cylindrical body of the head, the nozzle is mounted on the cylindrical body of the head with the possibility of its rotation and with the provision of sealing of the channel for supplying the working liquid medium, an expansion chamber is made inside the nozzle, communicating through radial holes and a blind axial hole made in the body of the working head, with a channel for supplying the working liquid medium in the working barrel, while in the nozzle at an angle to the horizontal axis, holes are made that communicate with the expansion chamber, and working nozzles are fixed in the said holes by means of a threaded connection through appropriate sealing elements.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of performance due to the use of only two working nozzles and the unreliability of the mechanism that ensures their rotation.

The technical problem solved by the present invention is the creation of a device for hydrodynamic cleaning of surfaces under water, providing increased productivity and quality of work.

The technical result, which provides a solution to this technical problem, is an improvement in the design of the device for the effective use of the hydrodynamic, cavitation and vibrating action of rotating submerged jets during underwater cleaning.

This result is achieved in the proposed device for hydrodynamic cleaning of surfaces under water, consisting of a handle, a barrel, a rotating head containing nozzles, and a protective casing made in the form of a diffuser. Inside the handle there is a tubular element through which the working liquid medium enters the barrel, connected on one side with the head, and on the other side with a compensator nozzle installed in the opposite direction. The nozzles are displaced relative to the center of the head in mutually perpendicular directions, their axes lie in parallel planes and symmetrical nozzles form an angle of 0°-180° with each other.

To ensure rotation without vibrations and beats, the device contains an additional rotary mechanism installed between the barrel and the head.

To increase the maneuverability of the device and control over the process of expiration, the handle is made in the form of a pistol crane.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

Fig. 1 - The design of the proposed device;

Fig. 2 - Scheme of the rotary head.

The hydrodynamic device (Fig. 1) contains a handle 1, made in the form of a pistol tap, a barrel 2 and a head 3. The connector 4 serves to connect the high pressure hose to the handle. Inside the handle there is a tubular element (not shown), through which the working liquid medium enters the barrel 2 with an internal channel. Barrel 2 on one side is connected to a ball valve 5 to adjust the counterpressure of the compensating nozzle 6, and on the other side with a fitting 7 designed to connect the handle 1 and the rotor mechanism 8, made with a thread 9 for attaching the head 3.

Two pairs of symmetrical nozzles 10 and 11, offset relative to the axis of the rotary mechanism, and accordingly the center of the head, in mutually perpendicular directions. If the OZ axis in the drawing is perpendicular to the plane of the head 3, then the injectors 10 are displaced along the OX axis in opposite directions, and the injectors 11 are displaced along the OY axis. Head 3 allows you to change the fixation angles of symmetrical injectors from 0° to 180° relative to each other. However, the axes of the injectors lie in parallel planes that are perpendicular to the plane of the head 3.

The value of the angle α between the nozzles 10 affects the rotational speed of the rotor mechanism 8. The angle β between the nozzles 11 determines the degree of force on the cleaning surface. The angles are selected depending on the type of contamination and the characteristics of the high pressure installation.

The protective casing, made in the form of a diffuser, with holes for the exit of cleaning products 12, is connected to the rotary mechanism 8 through a threaded connection 13.

The main elements of the rotary mechanism (Fig. 2) make up the body 14 and the central axis 15. The axis 15 has an internal channel 16 through which the liquid passes into the head 3, connected by thread 9, and seats for three bearings 17-19. Bearings 17, 19 - single-row radial ball bearings, bearing 18 - single-row ball thrust bearings. The body 14, in turn, has "pockets" according to the tolerances of the respective bearings to ensure rotation and absence of beats in the device, and a threaded connection 13, which serves to fasten the protective cover 12. The bearings are separated by a washer 20 and are fixed by a retainer 21 with a protective washer 22, which has thread 23 for connection to fitting 7. The designs ensure the tightness of the cuff 24 and sealing rings 25. The rotary mechanism is assembled into a single whole and clamped with a nut 26.

The proposed device for hydrodynamic cleaning of surfaces works as follows.

The working liquid medium under high pressure enters through a flexible hose (not shown) into the connecting unit 4. After that, into the internal channel of the pistol tap handle 1 and then into the barrel with an internal channel 2. From the barrel 2, the working fluid flows in one direction through the fitting 7, into the rotary mechanism 8 and further through the head 3 into the nozzles 10 and 11, from which it exits under pressure at high speed and reaches the surface to be cleaned. In the opposite direction, through the ball valve 5, it enters the compensator nozzle 6 to balance the reactive force that occurs during the operation of the nozzles 10 and 11. The ball valve 5 serves to adjust the pressure of the counterpressure jet.

Nozzles 10 and 11 have a special profile of internal cavities that provide the formation of a cavitating jet at the outlet of the nozzles.

The direction of the jet is set by the angles α and β depending on the nature and degree of surface fouling. By changing the angles in the range from 0° to 180°, the diver controls the speed of rotation of the rotor mechanism and the force acting on the fouling. Thus, it controls the hydrodynamic, vibrational and cavitation effects on the cleaning surface.

The rotary mechanism 8 according to the scheme in Fig. 2 can acquire a rotational speed of up to 3600 rpm without beating in the diver's hands. Working underwater, the diver can easily turn the device and control the outflow process with the handle of the pistol tap 1.

As a result, the productivity and efficiency of the cleaning work carried out using the proposed device is increased in comparison with the prototype.

Non-corrosive metals such as stainless steel and aluminium, are used to manufacture parts of the device. In addition, standard parts are used: pistol and ball valves, bearings.

Approbation of the device was carried out in the Black Sea near the Kerch Peninsula. The high-pressure installation provided the working fluid (sea water) with a pressure of 100 atm and a flow rate of 70 l/min, which contributed to the formation of cavitating jets flowing from the nozzles. When the surface is overgrown with shells (mussels, balanus, etc.), the angles α and β are set to less than 90°, which reduces the rotation speed, but increases the force effect. For algae, the angles α and β were set to more than 90°, which increases the rotation speed but reduces the force effect. The exact values of the parameters depend on the degree and type of fouling, installation characteristics, cleaning conditions and diver skills.

1. Pat. 2232694 Russian Federation, IPC B63B 59/00, B63B 59/08, B63C 11/52, B08B 3/02. Hydrodynamic non-reactive tool for surface cleaning / Larin V.I.; applicant and patent holder CJSC "Legranproekt". - No. 2003116918/11; dec. 06/06/2003; publ. 20.07.2004, Bull. No. 20. - 10 p.

2. Pat. 2163877 Russian Federation, IPC B63B 59/00. Tool for underwater surface cleaning and tool nozzle / Ignatiev A.V., Kuzin V.S., Kharlamov A.I.; applicant and patentee Ignatiev A.V., Kuzin V.S., Kharlamov A.I. - No. 2200018166/28; dec. 07/12/2000; publ. 03/10/2001, Bull. No. 7. - 5 p.

3. Pat. 2236980 Russian Federation, IPC B63B 59/00, B08B 3/02, B08B 3/04. Device for hydrodynamic cleaning of surfaces / Shuranov V.M.; applicant and patentee Shuranov V.M. - No. 2002125729/11; dec. 09/27/2002; publ. 27.09.2004, Bull. No. 27. - 6 p.

Claims (3)

1. A device for hydrodynamic cleaning of surfaces under water, consisting of a handle, a barrel, a rotating head containing nozzles, a protective casing made in the form of a diffuser, a tubular element is located inside the handle, through which the working liquid medium enters the barrel, connected on one side with head, and on the other hand with a compensating nozzle installed in the opposite direction, characterized in that the nozzles are displaced relative to the center of the head in mutually perpendicular directions, their axes lie in parallel planes and symmetrical nozzles form an angle of 0-180° with each other. 2. A device for hydrodynamic cleaning of surfaces under water according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an additional rotary mechanism installed between the barrel and the head. 3. A device for hydrodynamic cleaning of surfaces under water according to claim 1, characterized in that the handle is made in the form of a pistol tap.

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