RU2761903C1 - Method for two-dimensional interference-resistant information encoding in spatial parallel radio channels of robotic complexes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: encoding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of interference-resistant encoding and can be used for encoding and transmitting information in the communication systems of robotic complexes. Proposed is a method wherein the states of radio channels are determined, information about the state of radio channels is transmitted to the receiver of the data transmission system of the robotic complex, the radio channels with the best quality states are determined, said channels are declared control channels, and the remaining radio channels are declared basic channels, a time interval equal to the length of the code word is set, the source data is divided into fragments according to the amount of basic radio channels, the lengths of the fragments are ranked based on the data on the state of the radio channel as the remainders from the division on the basic bases of the system in the residual classes, wherein the system of residual classes is set either in an integer algebraic principal ideal ring, or by polynomials of the expanded Galois field, the basic and control bases are determined for each radio channel. A spatial data vector is formed and, based on a pseudo-random sequence, carrier frequencies are formed for each radio channel, carrier frequencies are modulated with the fragments. A spatial-frequency matrix of modulated signals is received and supplied to the inputs of the diagram-forming antenna combination configuration in the form of a multi-beam adaptive antenna array, wherein beams are formed for basic and control radio channels, the parameters of the beams are controlled by an adaptive processor, and the modulated signals are transmitted via the beams to receivers.

EFFECT: increase in the interference resistance of the transmitted data and the bandwidth capacity in spatial parallel radio channels.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of noise-immune coding and can be used for coding and transmission of information in communication systems of robotic complexes.

State of the art

The problem of increasing noise immunity and bandwidth is becoming increasingly important in the context of an exponential growth in the amount of data in robotic systems required for transmission in conditions of limited radio channel capacity. One of the ways to solve the problem of increasing noise immunity and throughput is the use of MIMO technology (Multiple input - multiple output) - a communication system with many inputs on transmission and many outputs on reception. When implementing this technology, it is assumed that several antennas are used in transmission, at the inputs of which signals are received, the necessary transmissions for each subscriber, and several receiving antennas spaced apart in physical space, which makes it possible to talk about parallel channels not only in frequency and time, but also in space. The disadvantages of this technology are that the increase in throughput is due to the increase in the number of transmitting and receiving antennas. Operations of preliminary error-correcting coding are not taken into account in the technology. This makes it both versatile and ineffective at the same time.

Another technology for increasing noise immunity and bandwidth is the spread spectrum technology [Borisov V.I. Noise immunity of radio communication systems with spreading the spectrum of signals by the method of pseudo-random tuning of the operating frequency. M .: Radio and communication, 2000. 384 p.], One of the variants of which is the formation of subcarriers in a given frequency range and their modulation with data signals. In Western terminology, this technology is called OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing). The disadvantage of OFDM with respect to noise immunity is eliminated by using the method of pseudo-random tuning of the operating frequency (PFC). However, GDTRCH, like OFDM, implies parallel transmission in the frequency domain of the entire data sequence without dividing it into data groups, which does not allow providing a sufficient level of noise immunity and bandwidth at the same time.

The problem arises to develop methods for preliminary noise-immune coding in the spatial-frequency domain, as well as scientific and technical solutions to improve the noise immunity and throughput of data transmission systems in robotic complexes under conditions of a limited resource and an increasing amount of data for transmission. The proposed invention is aimed at increasing the throughput and noise immunity of data transmission systems in robotic complexes.

Description of analogs of the method

There is a known method for encoding / decoding a space-time block code in a mobile communication system using a scheme with multiple inputs and multiple outputs [RF Patent No. 2341021, 2008]. The technical result of this invention is to provide full diversity and full speed of computation while minimizing the complexity and amount of computation.

The disadvantage of this invention is the increase in the number of operations in the space-time coding unit for processing the precoding matrix. At the same time, in some variants of the proposed method, part of the antennas are not used during signal transmission, which increases the likelihood of fading on the receiving side, which reduces the noise immunity and throughput of the communication system.

The known method "Method and device for transmitting and receiving data using an antenna array in a mobile communication system." [RF patent No. 2242087 dated 10.12.2004]. The technical result is to create a device for transmitting / receiving data, containing an antenna array, and a corresponding method to improve the overall characteristics of the mobile communication system. The present invention provides a method for transmitting data from a transmitter having a plurality of first antennas to a receiver having a plurality of second antennas over multiple radio channels in a mobile communication system. In the method, the states of radio channels are determined, the transmitted data is grouped into data groups in accordance with the priority level, and high-priority data is transmitted through the first antennas having relatively good channel states, and the low-priority data through the first antennas having relatively poor channel states, the radio channels are downlink channels ...

The disadvantage of this method is that the condition for assigning priority is the data type, the service type and the type of channel-coded bits. This increases the complexity of priority determination, limits the system throughput due to the division of priority data into information bits and parity bits, independent errors in which lead to a decrease in noise immunity.

подпотока данных, формируют

последовательностей информационных квадратурномодулированных символов с пилотными и защитными символами, осуществляют обратные дискретные преобразования Фурье с каждой из упомянутых последовательностей, осуществляют квадратурную модуляцию, формируют первую и вторую последовательности шагов квантования, преобразуют в аналоговые сигналы, осуществляют пакетную и посимвольную синхронизацию, осуществляют временное мультиплексирование, совокупности радиосигналов передают по независимым каналам.The known "Method for transmitting and receiving data in a radio communication system MIMO-OFDM" [RF Patent No. 2351068, 2009]. The achieved technical result is an increase in the throughput of the radio communication system and a decrease in energy consumption. The method is characterized by the fact that they form a stream of encoded data, interleave them, divide them into

data substream, form

sequences of information quadrature modulated symbols with pilot and guard symbols, perform inverse discrete Fourier transforms with each of the mentioned sequences, perform quadrature modulation, form the first and second sequences of quantization steps, convert into analog signals, carry out packet and symbol-by-symbol synchronization, carry out time multiplexing, sets of radio signals transmitted through independent channels.

The disadvantage of this method is the insufficient level of noise immunity of the radio communication system due to the impossibility of adjusting the quadrature modulation index and assessing the quality of independent channels.

The known "Method for transmitting discrete information in a radio link with pseudo-random restructuring of the operating frequency" [RF Patent No. 2205510, 2003]. The achieved technical result is to increase the noise immunity of communication. The essence of the invention consists in dividing the input signal into blocks of length n bits in accordance with the number of used frequency channels p = 2 ⁿ , generating two binary vectors of the pseudo-random sequence, rebuilding the transmitter to carrier frequencies in accordance with the codes formed in the form of binary vectors of the pseudo-random sequence, modulation carrier frequency, emission, signal reception, demodulation and decoding.

The disadvantage of this method is a decrease in throughput, since with a large number of frequency channels, the signal processing time during demodulation will increase due to pairwise addition modulo binary vectors between all subcarriers.

Description of the closest analogue of the method (prototype)

Closest to the proposed invention (prototype invention) is "Method for parallel multifrequency transmission of digital information over parallel spaced radio channels using hybrid data modulation" [RF Patent No. 2562431, 2015]. The achieved technical result is an increase in the throughput of a system with packet data transmission over parallel channels and combining in the process of incoherent demodulation of squares of samples of OFDM subcarriers of signals received in each of the parallel channels. For transmission in burst mode, statistically mutually independent parallel radio channels are used, through which information messages are transmitted using hybrid two-stage modulation of subcarrier signals in the OFDM system, at the first stage, the data of basic message packets by the method of multifrequency modulation modulate the OFDM subcarriers in all parallel channels, and at the second stage - the data of individual messages according to the law of relative phase modulation modulate the subcarriers, activated at the first stage, only in their individual channel.

The disadvantage of this method is the high complexity of the scheme of hybrid two-stage signal modulation, leading to an increase in the signal transmission time. Increasing the modulation steps with a large number of subcarriers increases the number of errors due to symbolic interference, which reduces the noise immunity of a packet data system. In this case, individual messages are transmitted entirely on each of the parallel channels, which introduces redundancy into the time resource of the data transmission system. Whereas the reallocation of data groups between parallel channels, taking into account the correlation of each data group with a separate subcarrier of each channel, will save the spatial and frequency resource of the data transmission system.

Disclosure of invention

a) The technical result, the achievement of which is aimed at the invention

The technical result of the proposed invention is aimed at increasing the noise immunity of the transmitted data and the throughput in spatial parallel radio channels of robotic complexes.

b) A set of essential features

To achieve the claimed technical result in the known method of packet transmission of digital information, which consists in the fact that M> 3 data streams are transmitted over M parallel radio channels, of which M streams are intended for receiving by M recipients of this information, while in each of the M channels the transmitted data packet sequences are displayed as characters.

Additionally, the states of the radio channels are determined, information about the state of the radio channels is transmitted to the receiver of the data transmission system of the robotic complex, one or several radio channels with the best quality states relative to other channels are determined, they are declared control, and the remaining radio channels are basic, a time interval is set equal to the length of the code word, grouping the transmitted data into data groups by dividing the original data into fragments according to the number of basic radio channels, ranking the lengths of the fragments based on the data on the state of the radio channel. On the basis of the data on the state of radio channels, the lengths of the fragments of the initial data are ranked by digits, as residuals from division according to the basic bases of the system in the residual classes, while the system of residual classes is specified either in the integer algebraic ring of principal ideals, or by polynomials of the extended Galois field, the basic bases of the system are determined residual classes for each basic radio channel. Then the control bases for one or several control radio channels are determined, the residuals are obtained on the control bases, and a spatial data vector is formed. Bits of radio channel numbers are added to the fragments. Carrier frequencies for each radio channel are formed in each time interval of the residual based on a pseudo-random sequence, carrier frequencies for each radio channel are modulated with quadrature or phase modulation, the index of which is changed depending on the number of bits of the residual representation, a spatial frequency matrix of modulated signals is obtained. Next, a space-frequency matrix of modulated signals is fed to the inputs of the beamforming circuit of the array of antennas in the form of a multi-beam adaptive antenna array, in which beams are formed for base and control radio channels, and the beam parameters are controlled by an adaptive processor. The elements of the space-frequency matrix are distributed over the set of antennas in accordance with the data priority determined by the state of all radio channels and the length of the remainder, the modulated signals are transmitted along the beams to the receivers.

c) Causal relationship between the characteristics of the method and the technical result

Thanks to the new set of essential features in the method, the possibility of increasing the noise immunity of the transmitted data and the throughput of the data transmission system of robotic complexes over parallel radio channels is realized.

The increase in throughput is achieved by reducing the transmission time of the original data by dividing them into fragments of different lengths, which reduces the bit width of the data, and distributing the fragments over radio channels of various states based on the priorities of the data groups and their frequency diversity. In contrast to the prototype method, each fragment modulates a separate carrier frequency selected for each parallel spatial channel in one modulation stage, and a longer fragment is transmitted over a channel with a better state with a higher modulation index determined by the modulator. Accordingly, the transmission rate in this channel increases, and as a consequence, the throughput of the communication system increases.

Noise immunity is achieved by the fact that, in contrast to the prototype method, in the proposed method, fragments of different durations are distributed in a diagramming circuit so that each fragment is transmitted in each broadband radio channel formed by several antennas by a beam of a transmitting multi-beam adaptive antenna array, at a frequency formed for each the time interval for transmitting a fragment according to the pseudo-random law. This reduces the degree of influence of narrow-band interference on the transmitted signal, which together increases the transmission noise immunity.

Brief Description of Drawings

The essence of the invention is illustrated by a drawing, where figure 1 shows a variant of constructing a system that implements a method of two-dimensional noise-immune coding of information in spatial parallel radio channels of robotic complexes, including:

1 - block for determining the states of radio channels;

2 - block for dividing the code word into fragments;

3 - means for grouping a group of data in accordance with a priority level;

4 - transmitter of information of transmission states for transmitting information about the states of channels to the receiver;

5 - block for calculating basic bases;

6 - block for calculating control bases;

7 - block for calculating control residues for ranking fragments;

8 - spatial encoder;

9 - modulators;

10 - pseudo-random code generator;

11 - frequency synthesizer;

12 - adaptive processor;

13 - diagrammatic diagram;

14 - a set of antennas (multi-beam adaptive antenna array).

Figure 2 shows the principle of dividing a data sequence into fragments according to the number of radio channels.

Figure 3 shows the procedure for generating a space vector in block 8 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 shows the transmission of data fragments over spatial parallel radio channels of a robotic complex based on the synthesis of a multi-beam antenna array.

Figure 5 shows spatial frequency coding in the form of generating a two-dimensional spatial frequency matrix of residuals in each time interval.

Figure 6 shows a diagram of information transmission based on the implementation of the method of two-dimensional error-correcting coding in spatial parallel radio channels of the robotic complex. The diagram reflects the connection of block 8 (spatial encoder), block 9 (modulators), blocks 10, 11, 12 (diagram-forming circuit), 13 (adaptive processor) of Figure 1.

Implementation of the invention

To achieve the claimed technical result, the time interval T of one data sequence is determined

, в которых определяют один или несколько радиоканалов H,

с наилучшим состоянием, называют их контрольными, остальные радиоканалы называют базовыми D,

так, что D=M - Н.In block 1 of figure 1, the state of a plurality of radio channels is determined, the number of which is equal to M,

, in which one or more radio channels H are defined,

with the best condition, they are called control, the remaining radio channels are called basic D,

so that D = M - H.

From the first output of block 1 of FIG. 1, signals about the state of radio channels are supplied to the second input of block 2 of FIG. 1.

From the second output of block 1 of FIG. 1, signals about the state of radio channels are supplied to the second input of block 6 of FIG. 1 and to the input of block 12 of FIG. 1.

From the third output of block 1 of FIG. 1 signals about the state of radio channels are fed to the input of the transmitter of information of the transmission states to transmit information about the states of the channels to the receiver (block 4 of FIG. 1), which transmits information about the state of the radio channels to the receiver.

фрагментов по числу базовых радиоканалов путем операции деконкатенации (фигура 2) и подают на вход блока 3 фигуры 1The original data arriving at the first input of the block for dividing the codeword into fragments (block 2, figure 1) during the time interval T is divided into

fragments by the number of basic radio channels by deconcatenation operation (figure 2) and fed to the input of block 3 of figure 1

, на основании данных о состоянии базовых радиоканалов d и объявляют фрагменты исходных данных q_d остатками γ_d в системе счисления остаточных классов.In block 3 of figure 1, the number of digits is determined

, based on the data on the state of the basic radio channels d and declare the fragments of the initial data q _{d as} residuals γ _d in the residual class number system.

The residuals γ _d from the output of block 3 of Fig. 1 are fed to the input of block 5 of Fig. 1. In block 5 of Fig. 1, the resulting residuals γ _{d are} represented in the form of numbers or polynomials, the highest degree of which is determined by the digit capacity γ _d . The size of the base base p _d is determined from the condition that the base bases are mutually prime and exceed the residues:

;where

;

- наибольший общий делитель.

is the greatest common factor.

Thus, in block 5 of Fig. 1, a procedure for unambiguous representation of the original codeword in the form of residues is implemented, which differs from the known topics, not basic residues are determined by basic bases, but basic bases are determined by basic residues when condition (1) is satisfied. The number or polynomial S can be uniquely represented in the base system p _i :

The residues γ _d and base bases p _d from the output of block 5 of Fig. 1 are fed to the first input of block 6 of Fig. 1, the second input of which receives information about the state of radio channels from the output of block 1 of Fig. 1.

In block 6 of figure 1, the following sequence of actions is implemented:

1. Get the number or polynomial S according to the base system selected on the basis of (1) according to the expression:

where β _d - bases of the base system;

v _d - basis weight, represents a positive integer (polynomial);

P is the working range of the base system.

For what:

a) determine the working range according to the expression:

b) based on (3), the basis weight is determined according to the expression:

c) on the basis of (4), the bases of the system of basic bases are determined:

2. Substitute the results (2) - (5) and check the number or polynomial S according to the condition:

3. Determine one or more control bases for one or more radio channels with the best state h from the condition:

The S value, the values of residues γ _d , base bases p _d and one or more control bases p _h are transferred to block 7 of Figure 1.

In block 7 of Figure 1, from condition (7), an extended range is determined:

When performing (8), one or more control residues γ _{h are} determined based on an expression similar to (2):

радиоканалов по возрастанию так, чтобы радиоканалу с наихудшим состоянием соответствовал остаток в виде наименьшего числа или полинома меньшей степени, а остатки γ_h, определенные (9) по одному или нескольким контрольным основаниям соответствовали одному или нескольким контрольным радиоканалам в порядке возрастания разрядности. То есть наилучшему по состоянию контрольному радиоканалу наибольший по количеству разрядов контрольный остаток.and ranking all residues in accordance with the states M,

radio channels in ascending order so that the radio channel with the worst state corresponds to the remainder in the form of the smallest number or a polynomial of a lesser degree, and the residuals γ _h determined by (9) by one or more control bases correspond to one or more control radio channels in ascending order of capacity. That is, for the best control radio channel in terms of the state, the control residue is the largest in terms of the number of bits.

From the output of block 7 of Fig. 1, all the residues are fed to the input of the spatial encoder (block 8 of Fig. 1)

модуляторов (блок 9 фигуры 1).In block 8 of Fig. 1, all the residues are assigned to spatial radio channels, bits are added to the residues indicating the number of the radio channel. A space vector is formed (figure 3) and transmitted to the first input of the modulator block, which contains M,

modulators (block 9 of figure 1).

из общего числа M^G возможных сочетаний. G определяет количество несущих частот

в каждом из М пространственных радиоканалов. Значения псевдослучайной последовательности для каждого интервала Δt_γ указывают номер несущей для каждого пространственного канала, которая будет модулироваться остатком γ_d или γ_h для базового и контрольного канала соответственно. Псевдослучайная последовательность подается на вход синтезатора частот (блок 11 фигуры 1).The pseudo-random code generator (block 10 of figure 1) in each time interval Δt _γ forms a pseudo-random sequence of size G,

of the total number M ^{G of} possible combinations. G defines the number of carriers

in each of the M spatial radio channels. The pseudo-random sequence values for each interval Δt _γ indicate the carrier number for each spatial channel that will be modulated with the residual γ _d or γ _h for the base and pilot channels, respectively. The pseudo-random sequence is fed to the input of the frequency synthesizer (block 11 of Fig. 1).

для каждого радиоканала и формируют несущие колебания амплитуды А на частотах согласно псевдослучайной последовательности:In the frequency synthesizer (block 11 of Fig. 1), the frequency ranges are determined

for each radio channel and form the carrier oscillations of the amplitude A at frequencies according to the pseudo-random sequence:

The generated carrier oscillations at frequencies according to a pseudo-random sequence are fed to the second input of the modulator unit (block 9 of FIG. 1) from the output of the block 11 of FIG. 1, and signals modulated by the residuals are generated for each spatial radio channel.

- функционал, определяемый видом модуляции.where

- functionality determined by the type of modulation.

In each modulator of block 9 of Fig. 1, depending on the length of each residual, each residual is assigned its own modulation index, which makes it possible to reduce the data transmission time in comparison with analogs, as well as to synchronize the signals in time. As a result, in each time interval Δt _γ form a two-dimensional space-frequency matrix (figure 5).

The data from the output of block 9 of FIG. 1 is fed to the first input of block 13 of FIG. 1. The control signals of the adaptive processor (block 12 of FIG. 1) are supplied to the second input of block 13 of FIG. 1, which, based on the states of radio channels from block 1 of FIG. antenna array (figure 4) in the spatial corners of the spherical coordinate system θ and ϕ, as well as the nature of the diagram-forming circuit (block 13 of figure 1). Next, the signals are distributed over the set of antennas (block 14 of FIG. 1), which, in conjunction with the beamforming circuit (block 13 of FIG. 1) and the adaptive processor (block 12 of FIG. 1), form a multi-beam adaptive antenna array, from the outputs of which signals to M receivers are transmitted.

The general scheme of information transmission based on the method of two-dimensional error-correcting coding is shown in figure 6. The described sequence of actions by formulas (1) - (11) are features, the combination of which distinguishes the claimed method from the prototype method.

Claims (1)

A method of two-dimensional error-correcting coding of information in spatial parallel radio channels of robotic complexes, which consists in the fact that M> 3 data streams are transmitted over M parallel radio channels, of which M streams are intended to be received by M recipients of this information, while in each of the M channels the transmitted data sequences packets are displayed in the form of symbols, characterized in that they determine the states of radio channels, transmit information about the state of radio channels to the receiver of the data transmission system of the robotic complex, determine one or more radio channels with the best quality states relative to other channels, declare them control, and the other radio channels - basic, set a time interval equal to the length of the codeword, group the transmitted data into groups of data by dividing the original data into fragments according to the number of basic radio channels, rank the lengths of the fragments based on data on the state of the radio nal, on the basis of the data on the state of radio channels, the lengths of the fragments of the initial data are ranked by digits, as the remainders of division according to the basic bases of the system in the residual classes, while the system of residual classes is specified either in the integer algebraic ring of principal ideals, or by polynomials of the extended Galois field, the basic the bases of the system of residual classes for each basic radio channel, then the control bases for one or several control radio channels are determined, the residuals are obtained from the control bases, the spatial data vector is formed, the bits of the radio channel numbers are added to the fragments, the carriers are formed in each time interval of the existence of the remainder based on the pseudo-random sequence frequencies for each radio channel, modulate with fragments the carrier frequencies for each radio channel by quadrature or phase modulation, the index of which is changed depending on the number of bits of the residual representation, a spatial frequency the matrix of modulated signals, then the spatial-frequency matrix of modulated signals is fed to the inputs of the beamforming circuit of the array of antennas in the form of a multi-beam adaptive antenna array, in which beams are formed for the base and control radio channels, the parameters of the beams are controlled by the adaptive processor, the elements of the space-frequency matrix are distributed over the array of antennas in accordance with the data priority determined by the state of all radio channels and the length of the remainder, the modulated signals are transmitted along the beams to the receivers.

Images