RU2761794C1 - Method for removing and collecting the remains of previously transported goods from railway tank cars and tank containers by vacuum machines based on self-propelled equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transported goods remains removing and collecting.

SUBSTANCE: claimed method for removing and collecting the remains of previously transported goods from railway tank cars and tank containers by vacuum machines based on self-propelled equipment. The method for removing and collecting the remains of previously transported goods from railway tank cars and tank containers by vacuum machines in explosion-proof and corrosion-resistant design based on self-propelled equipment is carried out on separate railway tracks near the unloading points. Residues are removed directly from the boilers of railway transport units separately by type of cargo without deterioration of the original quality characteristics and without additional processing at railway washing and steaming stations. The method includes connecting the tank cars and tank containers through the bottom drain device or the threaded connection of the bottom drain device to the pressure-suction pipeline of the vacuum machine. Grounding of vacuum machines and pumping out the cargo due to the vacuum created by the vacuum pump. After the railway rolling stock is freed from the remnants of cargo, the machines move to the next transport unit and after filling the tank of the vacuum machine, the pressure-suction hoses are disconnected and the machines move to the place of unloading.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of the process of removing and collecting residues after unloading railway rolling stock and ensuring the possibility of their complete return without losing the original quality characteristics.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a technology for organizing loading and unloading operations on railway transport, and in particular to methods for removing and collecting the remains of previously transported goods from railway tank cars and tank containers remaining after unloading. The method makes it possible to ensure that the consignees fulfill the obligations of full unloading of goods in accordance with clause 3.3.7 of the "Rules for the carriage of liquid cargo in bulk in tank cars and bunker-type wagons for transporting oil bitumen", to extract the remains separately by type of cargo without deteriorating the initial quality characteristics and / or to organize wagons for loading according to the 3rd operation in accordance with GOST 1510-84 without additional processing at railway washing and steaming stations.

Also, this method can be used to organize loading and unloading operations directly from railway rolling stock into vacuum vehicles based on trucks with the subsequent delivery of goods to end users. Or to organize the unloading of tank cars and tank containers when eliminating emergencies with railway rolling stock.

The method differs in that it allows organizing the separate removal and collection of residues separately by type of cargo from each unit of railway transport without deteriorating the initial quality characteristics in comparison with the treatment of cars at washing and steaming stations. Also, the method allows you to organize a change in the type of transport for the transportation of liquid cargo.

The invention relates to the field of preparation of tank cars and tank containers after unloading of previously transported cargo and can be used to ensure complete unloading of bulk cargo or in the preparation of railway rolling stock for loading.

A device for removing residues of oil products from railway tanks is known (patent No. 741379/27, 1961). The disadvantage of this method in comparison with the proposed method is the possibility of using only in a stationary version, the device is aimed only at mechanizing the process of removing residues and does not provide for the collection of petroleum products while maintaining the original quality characteristics.

A known system for pumping fuel from rail tank cars to tank cars (patent US No. 2012111448A1, US No. 8393360B2, 2012). The disadvantage of this invention in comparison with the proposed method is the need for pumping liquid through the lower drain device and a pump located between the railway and road tank cars, which makes it possible to pump filled railway tanks.

The closest to the proposed method is the removal of residues using vacuum installations (Repair of cars at factories / V.I. Beztsenny, V.A.Petrov, MB Sakharov, V.I. With.)

However, the application of this method has a number of limitations. Firstly, it is carried out only at washing and steaming stations of railways, which have stationary equipment for cleaning, steaming and degassing railway rolling stock. In the event of a significant distance of such stations from the place of initial unloading, the return of the remaining cargo may be impossible or irrational.

Secondly, with this method, the recoverable cargo residues are mixed in drain collectors and receiving tanks with a loss of commercial quality and their value.

Thirdly, with this method, in order to ensure the return of products, it is necessary to organize an additional stationary place for loading cars or railway rolling stock, or the construction of pipeline lines for transporting removed residues.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process of removing and collecting residues after unloading the railway rolling stock and ensuring the possibility of their complete return without losing the original quality characteristics.

A schematic diagram of the process for removing and collecting residues is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. The task is achieved by the fact that the remnants of cargo after incomplete discharge are removed from the railway rolling stock using vacuum machines based on self-propelled equipment. Moreover, vacuum machines must be equipped with explosion-proof corrosion-resistant equipment. The organization of the work performed by the proposed method should be carried out at the places of unloading of goods, or on separate railway tracks at a slight distance from the places of unloading.

Tank cars 1 and tank containers 2 are connected through the lower drain device to the pressure-suction pipeline 3 of the vacuum machine 4. In the absence of the lower drain device or its malfunction, the pressure-suction pipeline 3.1 is lowered inside the tank boiler through the upper loading hatch 5.

To organize a sealed connection of the vacuum machine to the lower drainage device of the tank car, lower drainage devices 6 with hook grips are used, connected to the pressure-suction hoses. To connect the lower drain device of tank containers, 6.1 quick-detachable screw connections are used.

After connecting vacuum machines with railway rolling stock and ensuring their grounding, the cargo is pumped out due to the vacuum created by the vacuum pump of the vacuum machine 4. In case of low mobility of cargo residues inside the tanks, mechanical action is applied to move it to the drain device and / or preliminary heating of the boiler tanks.

As the railway rolling stock is freed from the remnants of cargo, the vehicles move to the next transport unit. As the capacity of the vacuum machine 7 is filled with products pumped out of the railway rolling stock, the pressure-suction hoses 3 are disconnected and the machines move to the place of unloading. To account for the amount of the returned product, it is advisable to equip the place of unloading with metering devices, in particular, truck scales.

Thus, the proposed technology differs from the known methods by more effective methods of separate removal and collection of cargo residues while maintaining the original quality characteristics with the possibility of their subsequent transportation to the place of final unloading. Ensuring the environmental cleanliness of the process in comparison with the treatment of cars at a stationary washing and steaming station, reducing the turnover of cars due to the absence of the need to relocate railway rolling stock to the washing and steaming station. The possibility of expanding the capacity of the technology without capital construction.

Claims (3)

1. A method of removing and collecting the remains of previously transported goods from railway tank cars and tank containers by vacuum machines in explosion-proof and corrosion-resistant design based on self-propelled equipment, carried out on separate railway tracks near the unloading points, characterized in that the remains are removed directly from boilers of railway transport units separately by type of cargo without deterioration of the initial quality characteristics and without additional processing at railway washing and steaming stations, including the connection of tank cars and tank containers through the bottom discharge device or threaded connection of the lower drain device to the pressure-suction pipeline vacuum -machines, grounding of vacuum machines and evacuation of cargo due to the vacuum created by the vacuum pump, while after freeing the railway rolling stock from the remnants of cargo, the machines move to the next transport unit and after filling the tanks and the vacuum machine, the delivery-suction hoses are disconnected and the machines are moved to the unloading point. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the removal of the remains of previously transported goods by vacuum machines from railway tank cars and tank containers is carried out through the loading hatch of the tanks. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the removal of the remnants of previously transported goods by vacuum machines from railway tank cars and tank containers is performed with additional mechanical or thermal effect on the removed residue.

Images