RU2761328C1 - Transport system trolley - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of transport engineering. The trolley of the transport system contains a frame that includes two U-shaped crossbars, on which a platform with pads and two sidewalls is installed, with a transverse beam with stops for tracks. On each side there are supports with trunnions with bearings, on which are installed hubs with wheels with fixed drums of a brake mechanism made with brake pads, braking mechanisms with a spring-type power element and brake release mechanisms. The U-shaped crossbars are made with shelves from the bottom along the length, forming a T-section of each crossbar. Braking mechanisms with spring-type power elements are made with compression springs. The levers of the braking and releasing mechanisms are made with clamping on the shafts. Pads are removably installed on the platform. The pads can be made in the form of two anti-slip plates with track hooks for tracks and are installed on the platform along its edges or in the form of one ladder according to the platform dimensions.

EFFECT: increased reliability and ease of use.

3 cl, 18 dwg

Description

The invention is intended for use as part of a transport system for the transportation of heavy tracked vehicles, in particular, excavators within the quarry, without going to public roads. The use of the transport system allows you to increase the speed of movement of equipment from one workplace to another, reduce wear on the chassis, save fuel, and increase the resource of the transmission and engine.

A known automobile trailer for towing by the method of partial loading, described in the utility model patent No. 114656, published on April 10, 2012, containing a basic support structure, loading ramps, wheel hubs and a drawbar, the basic support structure is made in the form of a rectangular beam, to the ends of which brackets with wheel hubs placed in them are attached, box-shaped elements are attached to the beam with the possibility of mounting and dismantling loading ramps in them, sliding plates made in the form of "kerchiefs" of sheet material are fixed on the box-shaped elements from above, and each plate is fixed at least measure, on one additional support perpendicular to the beam, while the loading platform is placed on the beam, installed with the ability to pivot on an axis located in the center of the beam and resting on sliding plates, while additional supports can be located in front and behind with respect to the base support constructions, with no On the rear side of the loading platform, mechanical limiters of rotation can be installed, limiting the maximum angle of rotation of the platform; on the loading platform, a bracket for fixing a license plate can be placed, made with the possibility of fixing in horizontal and vertical positions using a locking latch.

The disadvantage of this car trailer is the limited operational possibilities, in particular, insufficient carrying capacity.

The closest analogue, chosen as a prototype, is the transport system designed for the transportation of heavy tracked vehicles E120, presented in the brochure of the Finnish company "SLEIPNER", published on 03.04.2019.

The trolley of the transport system contains a frame, in turn, including two U-shaped crossbars, on which a platform with pads (two anti-slip plates) is installed, and with two sidewalls, with a crossbeam with stops for tracks, between the U-shaped crossbars on each side supports with trunnions with bearings are installed, on which hubs with wheels are installed, on which brake drums are fixed, made with brake pads, braking mechanisms with spring-type power elements with a tension spring and release mechanisms.

The disadvantages of this transport system is a significant material consumption due to the increased dimensions (thickness) of the U-shaped cross-members, the tension springs of the spring-type power elements do not allow the forces applied during the operation of the brake mechanism to be adjusted over a wide range, the springs can be overloaded, the levers of the braking and releasing mechanisms have taper or collet connection, which is unreliable in operation. The arms are fixed to the shaft on a tapered surface with a central bolt. For reliable transmission of torque, keyways are made on the shaft and the lever and a key is installed. This is not technologically advanced; at the same time, 3 grooves are made on the lever and the shaft to ensure the adjustment of the gap between the brake shoe and the brake drum. To adjust, it is necessary to remove the lever and rearrange it, aligning it with another groove, install the key. Then tighten the center bolt. Thus, the adjustment is done discretely.

The technical task of the claimed trolley of the transport system is to increase the reliability and ease of use.

The technical result is achieved in that the bogie of the transport system, containing a frame, in turn, including two U-shaped cross-members, on which a platform with pads is installed, and with two sidewalls, with a cross-beam with stops for tracks, between the U-shaped cross members, on each side there are supports with trunnions with bearings, on which hubs with wheels are installed, on which the drums of the brake mechanism made with brake pads, braking mechanisms with a spring-type power element and brake release mechanisms, according to the invention, are U-shaped cross-members from the bottom along the length are made with shelves, forming a T-section of each cross member, braking mechanisms with spring-type power elements, are made with compression springs, levers of braking and releasing mechanisms are made with clamping fasteners on shafts, linings are removably installed on the platform, while the linings can be made in the form of two anti-slip plates with track hooks for caterpillars and are installed on the platform along its edges or in the form of one ladder according to the platform dimensions.

Due to the fact that the U-shaped cross members from the bottom along the length are made with shelves, forming a T-section of each cross member, the braking mechanisms with spring-type power elements are made with compression springs, the levers of the braking and releasing mechanisms are made with a clamp fastening on the shafts, on the platform it is removable pads are installed, while the pads can be made in the form of two anti-slip plates with track hooks for tracks and are installed on the platform along its edges or in the form of a single ladder in the size of the platform, increasing the reliability and ease of use.

The above distinctive features are new in comparison with the prototype, therefore the invention meets the criterion of "novelty".

Patent studies have shown that in the studied prior art there are no similar technical solutions, i.e. The claimed technical solution does not follow explicitly from the studied prior art and, thus, meets the criterion of "inventive step".

This technical solution can be reproduced industrially, therefore, it meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawings, which show the trolley of the transport system:

FIG. 1 - general view of the transport system;

in fig. 2 is a general view of the carriage of the transport system;

in fig. 3 - the same, the frame of the transport system bogie;

in fig. 4 - the same, the wheel of the trolley of the transport system;

in fig. 5 - the same, section A-A of the wheels of the bogie of the transport system;

in fig. 6 - the same, the brake mechanism of the bogie of the transport system;

in fig. 7 - the same, brake mechanism, general view of the lever;

in fig. 8 - the same, the brake mechanism, side view of the lever;

in fig. 9 - the same, brake mechanism, section BB;

in fig. 10 - the same, brake mechanism, spring block;

in fig. 11 - the same, brake mechanism, spring section C-C block;

in fig. 12 - the same, the brake mechanism, a general view of the release shaft;

in fig. 13 - the same, the brake mechanism, side view of the release shaft;

in fig. 14 - the same, brake mechanism, release shaft, section D-D;

in fig. 15 is a general view of the trolley of the transport system, rear view;

in fig. 16 - ladder of the trolley of the transport system, side view;

in fig. 17 - ladder of the trolley of the transport system, top view;

in fig. 18 - the same, the stop of the carriage of the transport system.

The trolley of the transport system contains a frame 1, in turn, including two crossbars 2 U-shaped, on which a platform 3 is installed with two removable anti-slip plates 4 with track links for tracks, and with two sidewalls 5, with a cross beam 6 with a stop 7 for tracks (Fig. 2). Between the crossbars 2, on each side, there are supports 8 with pins 9 (Fig. 3) with bearings 10 on which hubs 11 with wheels 12 are mounted, on which the drums 13 of the brake mechanisms 14 (Fig. 5), made with brake pads 15, mechanisms 16 braking with power elements of the spring type with springs 17 compression (Fig. 6) and mechanisms 18 (Fig. 12, Fig. 15) release, the cross members 2 from the bottom along the length are made with shelves 19 (Fig. 6), forming a T-section of each cross member 2. Levers 20 of the brake mechanisms 14 are made with clamping on the eccentric shafts 21 (Fig. 7).

Terminal connection (from it. Klemme - clamp) - connection of shafts and axles with a hub having one or two longitudinal cuts, which is pulled together by one or more screws or bolts and nuts.

Compression springs 17 are installed in spring blocks 22, which consist of a sleeve 23, a rod 24, washers 25, thrust washers 26, locking pins 27 (Fig. 10, Fig. 11).

The compression springs 17 act through the levers 20 of the brake mechanisms 14 on the eccentric shafts 21 with brake pads 15 and press them against the drums 13 of the brake mechanisms 14, the levers 20 of the brake mechanisms 14 are fixed on the eccentric shafts 21 using a terminal connection with bolts 28 (Fig. 7). shaft 21 is mounted on brackets 29 through bronze bushings 30 on supports 8 (Fig. 3). The force of the spring is regulated by the nut 31 (Fig. 6).

The release mechanism 18 is designed to release the bogie of the transport system when the excavator drives onto the platform 3 and is performed using the release shaft 32. Levers 33 are installed on the release shaft 32, and are fixed by means of a clamp connection with bolts 34. The release shaft 34 is installed in pivot bearings 35, which fixed in the supports 36 with retaining rings (not shown). Supports 36 are bolted to the rear of the frame 1. Lever 37 is welded to the release shaft 32 (Fig. 12).

The excavator caterpillar, when hitting the lever 37, turns the release shaft 32 with the levers 33, which move the sleeves of the spring block 22 through the rods 38 and simultaneously rotate the levers 20 of the brake mechanism. The brake shoe 15 moves away from the inner surface of the brake drum 13, the transport system is released.

A ladder 39 can also be removably installed on the platform 3, instead of the anti-slip plates 4 (Fig. 16).

To load an excavator of lighter weight and dimensions onto the trolley of the transport system, a ladder 39 is installed on the platform 3 (two anti-slip plates 4 are removed).

The ladder 39 can be removably installed on the platform 3. The ladder 39 is a structure in the form of a truss. In the rear part of the ladder 39 there are hooks 40, which fit into the grooves on the platform 3. (not shown in the figure). To fix the ladder 39 on the platform 3, there are bosses 41. Tracks 42 are provided on the working surface of the ladder 39. The lugs 43 and 44 are intended for lifting the ladder 39. The ladder 39 is mounted on the platform 3, hooked with hooks 40 in the grooves and fastened with bolts (in Fig. shown). At the rear of the ladder 39 there is a release lever 45. The lever 37 and the release lever 45 are connected by a rod 46, the release of the transport system trolley after loading is carried out by the lever 37 and the release lever 45 through the rod 46 (Fig. 16).

The excavator is installed in reverse on the platform 3 with an emphasis on the cross beam 6 with caterpillars at the stops 7. During loading, the cart is braked by the brakes 14, the braking mechanisms 16 are operated with spring-type power elements with a compression spring 17, the compression springs 17 act through the levers 20 of the brake mechanisms 14 on the eccentric shafts 21 with brake pads 15 and press them against the drums 13 of the brake mechanisms 14.

The release mechanisms 18 are designed to release the bogie of the transport system after loading, it is performed using the release shaft 32.

The stop 7 is hung on the transverse beam 6 with hooks 47 and is secured with fingers in the hole 48 (Fig. 18).

In the prototype, the levers of the braking and releasing mechanisms have a tapered or collet connection with the shafts, the disadvantages of which are insufficient reliability in terms of the transmission of torque from the brake levers to the brake shaft, which is compensated by the installation of the levers on the keys. In the claimed materials, the levers of the braking and releasing mechanisms are made with clamping on the shafts providing the necessary frictional force for the transmission of torque, which increases the reliability and ease of use. Also, adjustment of the position of the levers of the braking mechanism relative to the shaft can be performed by loosening and subsequent tightening of the terminal connection bolts, while the position of the lever can be changed steplessly, which increases the accuracy of adjustment.

In the prototype, the braking mechanisms are made with spring-type power elements with an extension spring, the length of action on the extension spring is 70 mm, in the claimed materials, the length of action on the compression spring is 24 mm, installation and adjustment are easier.

In the claimed materials, U-shaped crossbars are made from the bottom along the length with shelves, forming a T-section of each crossbar, which makes it possible to reduce the material consumption of the crossbar itself without reducing its reliability.

The claimed invention increases the reliability and ease of use, due to the fact that the U-shaped cross members from the bottom along the length are made with shelves, forming a T-section of each cross member, braking mechanisms with spring-type power elements, made with compression springs, levers of braking and releasing mechanisms are made with clamping fasteners on the shafts, on the platform are removably installed overlays, while the overlays can be made in the form of two anti-slip plates with track clamps for caterpillars and installed on the platform along its edges or in the form of one ladder according to the size of the platform.

Claims (3)

1. A bogie of the transport system containing a frame, in turn, including two U-shaped crossbars, on which a platform with pads and with two sidewalls is installed, with a crossbeam with stops for tracks, between the U-shaped crossbars on each side there are supports with trunnions with bearings, on which hubs with wheels are installed, on which the drums of the brake mechanism, made with brake pads, braking mechanisms with a spring-type power element and release mechanisms, are mounted, characterized in that the U-shaped crossbars are made from the bottom along the length with shelves, forming the T-section of each cross member, the braking mechanisms with spring-type power elements are made with compression springs, the levers of the braking and releasing mechanisms are made with clamping fasteners on the shafts, the linings are removably installed on the platform. 2. The trolley of the transport system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pads are made in the form of two anti-slip plates with track hooks for the tracks and are installed on the platform along its edges. 3. The trolley of the transport system according to claim 1, characterized in that the lining is made in the form of a single ladder according to the dimensions of the platform.

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