RU2760833C1 - Muzzle brake compensator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: muzzle brake compensator comprises a body with an area for attachment to the barrel, a flat nozzle with confusor and diffuser parts, upper and lower channels, windows in the walls of the diffuser part of the nozzle, a chute in the central part of the nozzle walls, bosses of the body with windows. The central longitudinal plane passes through the upper channel of the nozzle and declines by 30 degrees to the left relative to the direction of the shot and forms an angular nozzle with the lower channel. The ratio of the area of the normal section of the upper channel to the area of the normal section of the bore equals 0.65 and is constant for the diffuser part of the nozzle. The ratio of the areas of the normal sections of the lower and upper channels in the diffuser part equals 1:0.7 and is constant for the diffuser part of the nozzle. The length of the confusor in weapon calibers equals 2.03, the length of the diffuser in weapon calibers equals 5.04, the length of the inner windows in the diffuser part equals 2.3 weapon calibers, the width of the inner windows equals 0.74 weapon calibers, the length of the outer windows in the bosses of the body equals 3.02 weapon calibers, the height of the outer windows equals 1.31 weapon calibers.

EFFECT: increase in the pulse of the propelling force of powder gases in the aftereffect period, stabilisation of the barrel position when firing in bursts, limited negative effect of gases on the shooter or the crew.

1 cl, 22 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of small-caliber small arms and cannon weapons and can be used to increase the impulse of the pulling force of the powder gases towards the shot during the period of their aftereffect and stabilize the position of the barrel when firing a burst in compliance with the requirements for limiting the negative effect of outflowing gases on the arrow or calculation.

An increase in the power of firearms leads to a significant increase in the recoil force, a violation of the uniformity of the barrel position when firing several shots in a row, an increase in the negative effect of powder gases on the shooter or calculation. 12]. At the same time, the construction of successful DTK designs, comprehensively eliminating the factors of negative impact, is a difficult task that currently does not have an unambiguous solution.

The study of the phenomenon of a shot shows that the above negative factors can be leveled to a large extent by the formation of a special structure of the flow of powder gases in the period of their aftereffect.

The known design [3] of a window chamber muzzle brake (Fig. 1), containing a housing 1 (Fig. 2) with elements of a flat nozzle made in its cavity: a confuser A and a diffuser B (Fig. 2), in the central part of the walls of which a groove is made C for positioning the projectile when it moves in the muzzle brake cavity. In the walls of the diffuser part of the nozzle, windows 2 are made, pairwise symmetrical with respect to the vertical and horizontal central planes. Body 1 (Fig. 3) contains tides 3 with windows 4 symmetrical about the vertical central plane, area D for fastening to the barrel. The design is distinguished by relative simplicity and provides an increase in the impulse of the pulling force of the brake during the aftereffect of the powder gases, subject to the requirements of medical standards for their effect on the arrow or calculation.

The main disadvantage of this design is the lack of control over the structure of the flow of powder gases during firing in order to form the desired properties of the muzzle brake in view of the same profiles and areas of the normal section of the gas flow channels in the nozzle part of the brake and the symmetry of their placement relative to the vertical and horizontal central planes. In addition, for small-caliber weapons, the possibility of organizing the flow of gases ahead of the bullet and their oncoming movement when outflowing from windows 2 and 4 (Fig. 4) is not obvious due to the geometric limitations of the design and the high energy of the gas flows.

The aim of the claimed invention is to increase the impulse of the pulling force of the propellant gases during the aftereffect period, to stabilize the position of the barrel when firing a burst in compliance with the limitations of the negative effect of gases on the shooter or calculation.

This goal is achieved by the following changes in the design of the prototype.

1. In the known design of the muzzle brake, the nozzle part of the body 1 is made angular (Fig. 5) with two channels 5 and 6. The lower channel 5 is placed symmetrically relative to the central vertical plane of the body 1, the side channel 6 is placed symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal central plane deviated from the central vertical plane at an angle of 30 degrees.

2. The ratio of the normal cross-sectional area of the bore 5 to the normal cross-sectional area of the bore is 0.65 and is constant for the diffuser part of the nozzle.

3. The ratio of the areas of normal cross-sections of channels 5 and 6 in the diffuser part is equal to 1: 0.7 and is constant for the diffuser part of the housing.

4. The length of the confuser in weapon calibers d is 2.03 (Fig. 6).

5. The length of the diffuser in weapon calibers d is equal to 5.04 (Fig. 6).

6. The length of the inner windows 2 in the diffuser part is 2.3d (Fig. 6), the width is 0.74d (Fig. 5).

7. The length of the outer windows 4 at the tides 3 is 3.02d, the height is 1.31d (Fig. 6). Device operation.

When the projectile bottom passes the confuser part of the nozzle, the propellant gases are deflected by the projectile bottom into channels 5 and 6. Each of the generated flows at high speed moves to the front wall of the housing 1 and, passing through the windows 2, is divided into two more flows, passing into the tidal cavity 3 s the subsequent outflow through the windows 4. The counter movement of flows in the cavities of the tides 3 helps to reduce their potentials and the magnitude of the pressure in the area surrounding the brake. With the flows organized in this way, the time for creating the pulling force increases, and its value increases due to the increased resistance to the outflow of gases, leading to a significant differentiation of the static pressure between the confuser and diffuser parts of the nozzle. The angular and dimensional asymmetry of channels 5 and 6 forms a displacement of the total force of the powder gases from the central longitudinal axis with the formation of vertical and horizontal components of the pressure force, which compensate for the deflection of the barrel when fired.

Modeling of the process of functioning of the claimed design was carried out on a full-scale three-dimensional model with initial data corresponding to the dimensions of the Saiga-type DTC. The flow study area was limited by a parallelepiped with dimensions of 200 × 110 × 60 mm. The boundary conditions of the flow at the inlet corresponded to the data of the AKM assault rifle for the 7.62-mm cartridge mod. 1943 With a bullet with a steel core. The values of pulling forces in the direction of the shot are shown in Fig. 7. The maximum values of the pulling force of the model and its impulse are significantly higher than those of the Saiga-type DTC. The data are reduced to a limited range of simulation time T = 0.0002 s.

The properties of the gas flow were recorded by sensors (Fig. 8 for a standard DTC, Fig. 9 for a new DTC) in the horizontal plane of symmetry of the parallelepiped with a step of 20 mm. The hodograph function of the resulting pressure force of the powder gases (Fig. 10) confirms the presence of factors stabilizing the position of the barrel. The lateral component is directed to the left of the direction of the shot, the vertical component is directed downward from the direction of the shot. The nature of the pressure change at the registration points for the standard and new designs (Figs. 11-14) in the time domain indicates that the overpressure restrictions for the new DTC design are fulfilled. They are not worse than those of a regular DTK. A similar situation is observed in the frequency domain (Fig. 15-18). The values of the loudness function (Figs. 19-22) for the new DTK design in the field of human perception are even lower for the standard DTK.

Based on the results of modeling the process of the shot, it can be concluded that the stated goals are implemented in the proposed design of the DTK.

Modeling of the processes was carried out by the method of lattice Boltzmann equations [4, 5]. Spectra processing was carried out on the basis of a windowed Fourier transform with a signal window of the Barlett type.

Sources.

1. Mamontov M.A. Some instances of gas flow through pipes, nozzles, and flow vessels. State Publishing House of the Defense Industry, 1951. - 495 p.

2. Ponomarev Yu. Inexhaustible strength. / Yu, Ponomarev // Kolashnikov. Russian weapons magazine 2019. No. 2. S. 20-27.

3. Dyachkov Yu.A., Krasnov M.N., Kamshin S.V., Napalkov I.I. and others. Muzzle brake // Patent of the Russian Federation for a useful model No. 186256, 2019. bull. # 2.

4. Cercignani K. Theory and applications of the Boltzmann equation. Moscow: Mir, 1978 .-- 496 p.

5. Krivovichev G.V. On the calculation of viscous fluid flows by the method of lattice Boltzmann equations. Computer research and modeling, 2013 v.5 no. 2 p. 165-178.

Claims (1)

A muzzle brake-compensator containing a body with an area of attachment to the barrel, a flat nozzle with a converging and diffuser parts, upper and lower channels, windows in the walls of the diffuser part of the nozzle, a groove in the central part of the nozzle walls, body tides with windows, characterized in that the central the longitudinal plane passing through the upper channel of the nozzle is deflected to the left by 30 degrees in the direction of the shot and forms an angular nozzle with the lower channel, the ratio of the normal section of the upper channel to the normal section of the barrel bore is 0.65 and is constant for the diffuser part of the nozzle, the ratio of the areas of normal sections of the lower and upper channels in the diffuser part is equal to 1: 0.7 and is constant for the diffuser part of the nozzle, the length of the confuser in weapon calibers is 2.03, the length of the diffuser in weapon calibers is 5.04, the length of the internal windows in the diffuser part is equal to 2.3 weapon calibers, the width of the internal windows is 0.74 caliber weapons, the length of the outer windows in the tides of the hull is and 3.02 caliber weapons, the height of the outer windows is equal to 1.31 caliber weapons.

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