RU2760503C1 - Linear part with combined interferometers for a fiber-optic security detector - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to measuring equipment using optical fiber, to fiber-optic security detectors. The linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, using combined interferometers, is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and fiber-optic cable, connecting the transceiver device and the sensitive elements of the detector, containing closed circuits, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are the sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, the same for both circuits, moreover, one closed circuit is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the other closed circuit is a Sagnac interferometer.

EFFECT: present invention is aimed at increasing the accuracy of determining the location of the impact on the sensitive element, ensuring uniform sensitivity of the sensitive part of the detector, increasing the reliability of the detector, realizing its purpose.

10 cl, 12 dwg

Description

[1] AREA OF TECHNOLOGY

[2] The invention relates to measuring technology using optical fiber, namely to fiber-optic security detectors, as well as to products, methods and means related to fiber-optic security detectors and their aspects.

[3] BACKGROUND

[4] From the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2648008 (D1) known device for collecting information on the values of dynamic effects on flexible structures and the state of end fiber optic detectors. The device contains a station part, a fiber-optic transport cable connected by an optical contact with the reflectometer at one end, and at the other end connected to a splitter used to branch and continue transporting the energy of probing pulses to the sensitive parts of the optical circuit of the device, adjusting optical coils, splitters of the transport part of the optical circuit; splitters designed directly to form an optical ring of the sensitive part of the device, and fiber-optic end detectors. Branched transport parts of the device into parts of splitters and sections of the transport cable divide the energy of the probing pulse to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals from the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range from the measuring scale of the receiving device, and also deliver the energy of the laser pulse to the site connecting splitters that form optical rings of the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device and generate signals for the return of the probe pulse.

[5] The device known from D1 has low protection against the influence of interference factors, the influence of the drift of the measuring properties of the transceiver device, low accuracy of determining the effect on the sensitive element, high installation complexity, including due to the fact that it requires the use of compensation coils required to compensate for the length of the fibers of the sensitive element, uneven sensitivity along the length of the sensitive element.

[6] From the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2400897 (D2) a drum for fastening couplings with a loop of an optical cable is known. The drum is a rigid frame made up of elements (9, 10, 11) (round rods, profiles or strips) with a bracket and connecting points (2) for fastening couplings (1). The bracket is made in the form of a plate (3) with flanges (8) and a vertical axis (4) welded into its center; the drum is pushed onto the vertical axis (4) and is thus fixed on the bracket. The drum is fastened to a round concrete support of an overhead power line with the help of tape clamps fixed in the shoulders made in the plate (3), and the drum is fastened to a polygonal concrete support (25) by means of corners in a flat bracket plate, in which studs are fixed, passing through trunk support.

[7] The device known from D2 is not intended for winding a finished product, which is a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector for the purpose of further transporting the container and installing the said linear part on the protected perimeter directly from the container, which leads to a complication of the installation process and an increase in installation time , impossibility to use a vehicle for installation, impossibility to use a mechanized method of laying the linear part of a fiber-optic security detector.

[8] From RF patent No. 2599527 (D3), a method of combined protection of the perimeter of an extended object is known. The invention relates to technical means of protecting the perimeters of objects and can be used for signaling blocking of the perimeters of objects and long lines on flat and rugged terrain. The method includes the implementation of seven security lines: the first warning line by laying an extended sensitive element in the form of a fiber-optic cable; the second warning line, which is performed in the same way as the first; the third line in the form of an electroshock obstacle; the fourth line of protection, which is performed similarly to the first and second; the fifth line of protection - the border of the perimeter of the object, which is made in the form of a lattice fence, while a spiral safety barrier and at least one sensitive element are installed on the fence; arrangement of the sixth line of protection - the control and trail strip, and the seventh line, which is performed similarly to the first, second and fourth lines. The fifth line is equipped with means of heat and video surveillance, sound alerts and lighting, optical sensors for alarming and ringing alarms are connected to the sensitive element.

[9] The fence known from D3 requires the use of a grid to prevent undermining, and also assumes an irrational placement of sensitive elements on the fence, which reduces the overall effectiveness of perimeter security, complicates the process of detecting unauthorized access.

[10] From patent US3417571 (D4) known means for laying a cable with a double plow. Cable management means for simultaneously plowing and guiding the cable into the furrow, includes two separate self-powered traction elements, the means includes: (a) an elongated frame, adjustable in the longitudinal direction and pivotally connected to the rear of the front traction element and to the front end a rear drawbar to keep the drawbar spaced apart, (b) a protruding arm associated with a side of said frame, (c) a plow mounting frame for a shank mounted on a bracket, (d) a plow shank mounted on said mounting frame plow shank, (e) a cable reel frame mounted on one of the pulling elements, (f) a cable guide mounted on the rear of the plow shank, and (g) a cable guide mounted on one of the pulling elements located between the cable frame spools and a cable guide on the plow shank.

[11] The means known from D4 has a low speed of laying the cable, and also leads to the formation of cavities in the ground, which reduce the sensitivity of the linear part of the detector of the security fiber-optic.

[12] From the patent US5694114 (D5) known high-speed secure fiber-optic system. A high speed secure fiber optic communication system that includes a coherent signaling system uses a pair of single mode fiber optic cables in combination with one or more light sources, phase modulators, detectors, and polarization scrambling elements to form a Sagnac interferometer. The phase modulator is driven so that the counterpropagating light rays in the Sagnac loop travel a different optical path as they travel through the loop. When the two beams recombine at the center beam splitter of the Sagnac circuit, the two beams interfere with each other, and the phase modulated data superimposed on the light beams by the phase modulator is recovered as amplitude modulation at the output detector of the Sagnac interferometer. The coherent signaling system delivers a relatively low frequency background signal to the Sagnac interferometer and monitors changes in the background signal that indicate the presence of an intruder.

[13] The sensitive part known from D5 does not allow detecting the impact on movable structures as part of the protected perimeter, which reduces the overall security of the perimeter, and also requires the use of electrical energy in the linear part of the system to determine the impact on the structure.

[14] From the patent of the Russian Federation No. 172554 (D6), an end fiber optic detector is known. The end fiber optic detector (KOI) contains a housing with a working element that provides a change in the position of optical fibers of the sensitive part of the KOI, the sensitive part, which is installed in the KOI case and is connected to the transport part, which provides the connection of the KOI to a branched optical network and the transportation of laser pulses in the forward and backward direction. The sensitive part is made of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by an optical fiber and form a closed loop, to generate a reflection signal, a change in the geometric position of the fibers in the sensitive part of the COI in the elastic range of deformations, due to a change in the position of the working body, are such that lead to a change the possibility of forming and passing reflection signals.

[15] The KOI known from D6 is characterized by the impossibility of assessing the health of the sensor in a state when the flow of the probing pulse is blocked, which, accordingly, reduces the overall security of the protected perimeter, and also reduces the efficiency of detecting unauthorized access. In addition, the KOI known from D6 possesses a complex design of grippers, which prevents easy adjustment, and is also difficult to manufacture.

[16] The device known from D1 can be adopted as the closest analogue.

[17] DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[18] The technical problem solved by the claimed invention is the creation of a technical means that does not have the shortcomings of the closest analogue, and also has a better accuracy in determining the place of impact on the sensitive element, which has uniform sensitivity along the entire length of the sensitive element, increased protection against the influence of interference factors, from the influence of the drift of the measuring properties of the transceiver device, the increased accuracy of determining the fact of the effect on the sensitive element, the low complexity of installation. Another technical problem solved by the claimed invention is the creation of a technical means that expands the arsenal of technical means - security fiber optic detectors, as well as their aspects.

[19] The technical result achieved with the implementation of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the closest analogue, namely, to increase the accuracy of determining the location of impact on the sensitive element, in particular, through the use of the method of combined interferometers, since this method uses the data of the reflections of the combined interferometers in each cycle of sending a probe pulse passing through the same optical fiber of the fiber-optic cable of the sensitive part, providing a more predictable accuracy of calculating the distance to the point of impact on the sensitive element by the ratio of the magnitudes of the reflection signals or the rate of their changes; ensuring uniform sensitivity of the sensitive part of the fiber-optic security detector; increasing the reliability of a fiber-optic security detector, in particular, by receiving two signals from the same probing pulse, which ensures greater protection of the protected perimeter from the influence of interference factors, the influence of the drift of the measuring properties of the transceiver device; Simplification of installation by eliminating the need to use compensation coils in its composition, which are necessary to compensate for the length of the fibers of the sensing element. Another technical result achieved by the implementation of the present invention is the realization of its purpose.

[20] The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the linear part of the security fiber optic detector is provided, in which combined interferometers are used, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which are connected by means of couplings and a transport cable between is a transceiver device and sensitive elements of a fiber-optic security detector, containing closed circuits that form reflection signals, in which the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, the same for both loops, one closed loop being a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the other closed loop being a Sagnac interferometer.

[21] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[22] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein by reference and in which:

[23] FIG. 1-5 show the approximate functional diagrams of the declared fiber-optic security detectors and interferometers used in their composition.

[24] FIG. 6 shows an exemplary general embodiment of a container device for assembling the linear part of a fiber-optic security detector.

[25] FIG. 7 and 8 show exemplary options for the claimed fence.

[26] FIG. 9 shows an exemplary embodiment of the cable laying method and the cable laying method used for its implementation.

[27] FIG. 10 shows an example of a dynamic fiber optic sensor.

[28] FIG. 11 and 12 show exemplary embodiments of an end-of-line fiber optic sensor.

[29] IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[30] FIG. 1-5 show approximate general diagrams of the declared fiber-optic burglar detectors. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical design of each monitored area uses an OTDR method for measuring interfering reflection signals, including the method of coincident interferometers, and contains closed and / or open loops and / or a combination thereof, generating reflection signals that have the same sections of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, and for the combined (combined, joint) interferometers, the mentioned phase shift is created, the same for both circuits, and preferably, without limitation, to the input Splitter receives signals with different phase shifts relative to each other, and the amplitudes of the signals at the input of the splitters preferably do not change, and the result of the addition of signals significantly depends on the phase difference or phase shift of the signals relative to each other by an amount from 0 to 2π. In this case, it is preferable that the signal amplitude at the splitter output was equal to the sum of the signal amplitudes at the input at α = 0, and at α = π it was equal to the difference between the amplitudes of the input signals, and the maximum rate of change in the output signal amplitude occurs, preferably at α = π / 2. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical design of each controlled area is symmetric with an acceptable error, and the sensitive part is any of the arms of the optical circuit. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitivity of the closed-loop optical rings to mechanical stress is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the sensitive part, when the value of the sum of the reflection signals of closed circuits depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics (in particular, without limitation, the impact velocity, derivatives, frequency characteristics) impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Preferably, but not limited to, the open-loop optical circuit is a two-beam interferometer, while the sensitivity of the open-loop optical circuit to mechanical stress is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, while the sum of the reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe energy pulse, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength, the dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Preferably, but not limited to, an open loop of the optical circuit requires alignment of the length of the interferometer arms with an allowable error, the length of one of the arms, if necessary, is compensated by the duration of the probing pulse, the installation of an additional coil of single-mode fiber, or the use of a serial optical circuit of the required length from the backup cores of the fiber-optic cable. Preferably, but not limited to, the claimed means makes it possible to determine the location of the impact on the structure in excess of the permissible values, at least with an accuracy to the dimensions of the controlled area and with additional allowable accuracy within the controlled area using special software, using the ratio of the reflection signals of the coordinate-dependent closed loop and / or coordinate-independent open loop. Preferably, but not limited to, in order to avoid the time aliasing of the reflection signals from the closed and open loops, an additional coil of the same optical fiber is installed at the end of the closed loop between the outputs of the closed loop splitter. Preferably, but not limited to, to exclude symmetric effects on the optical fibers of the sensitive parts of the detector of each monitored area, which reduce the detector sensitivity, optical conductors of different arms should be used in two different fiber-optic cables located on different parts of the barriers and structures, including the possibility of laying one of the shoulders of the sensitive part of the optical scheme into the ground. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical circuit of the detector forms a tree structure with at least one OTDR, including a specialized OTDR with combined or non-combined inputs and outputs, with transport branches laid in different fiber-optic cables in different ways entering to the inputs of the optical circuit of the sensitive elements, while providing the possibility of duplicating the transport part of the detector, sensitive elements and station equipment. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical fibers of the transport part of the detector can be partially structurally run in fiber-optic cables with fibers of the sensitive part of the detector or in separate cables. Preferably, but not limited to, the addressing and assignment of conventional numbers to the sensitive parts of the detector (monitored zones) is performed by a computing device based on the arrival time of one or a pair of reflection signals from one or two circuits of the optical circuit of each monitored zone. Preferably, but not limited to, to any part of the optical circuit of the detector along the length of the transport part, end-of-line fiber optic sensors (CODE) with static information about the position of the moving mechanism of the sensor and other monitored areas using other methods of generating the reflectometric response can be connected, subject to the condition that part of the energy can be separated a probing pulse without disrupting the operation of the existing monitored zones and the conditions for not overlapping in time signals of reflection from the devices on the already existing signals from the monitored zones. Preferably, but not limited to, any part of the optical circuit of the detector can be connected to devices with different principles of operation and optical circuits using an OTDR method for measuring low-power reflection signals, subject to the condition that part of the energy of the probing pulse can be separated without disrupting the operation of the existing monitored zones and the condition of not superimposing time of reflection signals from devices to existing signals from monitored areas. Preferably, but not limited to, the collection of information on the magnitude of the returned signals from the monitored areas about the magnitude of the dynamic impact on the barriers and the positions of the working bodies of the CODE is carried out using an information processing device, an reflectometer, and a fiber-optic cable network branched on splitters. The range of the monitored zones and COP depends on the power of the emitter and the value of the fraction of the probe pulse energy for each zone and can reach 50,000 m or more in each direction, the number of monitored zones is determined by the required amount of the portion of the probe pulse energy diverted to the monitored zones and COP. Preferably, but not limited to, the detector can be used in burglar alarm systems for perimeters of small and long areas, including monitoring the status of CODE sensors used to control the position of gates and gates and the like without using electrical energy. Preferably, but not limited to, the detectors can be used in explosive environments, in conditions of 100% humidity, increased gas and dustiness, when working in water, including sewage, in conditions of increased radiation, in conditions that preclude the use of electrical devices, in electromagnetic conditions. high power interference.

[31] FIG. 1 shows an approximate functional diagram of a fiber-optic security detector, which includes combined interferometers. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed fiber-optic security detector 100, in which combined interferometers are used, with reference to FIG. 1, contains at least: a transceiver device 101 containing a computing device and one or more reflectometers, including those with combined outputs of the emitter and receiver of signals, to which the transport part 102 of the optical circuit of the detector is connected. Preferably, but not limited to, the transport part 102 of the detector 100 consists of: fiber-optic cable sections, connecting elements, a laser pulse power divider 103, consisting of splitters that reduce the power of the laser pulse energy in the distributed optical circuit of the detector to the required level. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensing elements consist of: a splitter 104, dividing the energy of the probing pulse into two parts, segments 105, 106 of the sensing elements of a fiber-optic cable, splitters 107-110, 112, 113, and the Michelson interferometer is formed jointly by a splitter 104, segments cables 105, 106, splitters-separators of interferometers 107, 108 and splitters-reflectors 112, 113, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is formed jointly by splitter 104, cable segments 105, 106, splitter-separators of interferometers 107, 108, splitter-adder 109 and splitter- a reflector 110, optionally with a coil 111. Preferably, but not limited to, the splitter 104 and the ends of the sensor cable lengths are located in one splice, and the interferometer splitters are located in another splice or in multiple splints. For example, but not limited to, Michelson interferometer splitters 112, 113 may be housed in one other splitter, and splitter adder 109 and splitter reflector 110, optionally with Mach-Zehnder interferometer coil 111, in yet another splitter. Preferably, but not limited to, the transport part contains several branches (at least in terms of the number of monitored zones and the applied optical scheme for dividing the energy of the probe pulse of the divider), which are fed to the input of the corresponding splitter 104 located in the corresponding coupling. By way of example, and not limitation, splitters 110, 112, 113 may each be implemented based on circulators. By way of example and not limitation, instead of the coil 111, a different optical delay line can be used, for example, without limitation, made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber optic cable.

[32] Such a fiber optic security detector 100 preferably, but not limited to, operates as follows. Preferably, but not limited to, a short laser pulse is supplied from the laser source to the optical circuit at the input of the power divider of the transport part of the device, where the pulse power is divided into fractions. Preferably, but not limited to, the splitter is made of splitters with different division ratios, the arrangement of the splitter of the splitter corresponds to the optical scheme of the device and is not strictly defined. Preferably, but not limited to, the separation of the probe pulse energy is performed to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Michelson interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer from the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range of the measuring scale of the receiving device. Preferably, but not limited to, the time of arrival of the interfering signals at the input of the receiving device depends on the propagation speed of the laser radiation in the material of the optical fiber, on the length of the transport part and the length of the sensitive part, including the length of the control coils. Preferably, but not limited to, the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Michelson interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer depends on the degree of signal attenuation in the optical fiber, the degree of division of the probe pulse energy in the transport part of the device, the magnitude of the phase shift of the returned signals of the sensitive part of the device associated with the shape difference and the lengths of the paths of movement of impulses in the fiber to the site of exposure. Preferably, but not limited to, the change in the magnitude of the sums of the signals of the interferometers corresponds to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive part of the device arising from the dynamic impact of the intruder on the structure on which the sensitive part of the device is fixed. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical design of each controlled area uses any method of reflectometric measurement, in any combination, including the method of combined interferometers, including the method of two-beam Michelson and Mach-Zehnder interferometers, and contains, respectively, the contours of the Michelson interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Preferably, but not limited to, the same lengths of optical fibers of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which the phase of the probe pulse is shifted in accordance with the physical stimulus. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the magnitude of the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and characteristics of the effect on sensitive part of the device. Preferably, but not limited to, the contour of the optical circuit is an unbalanced two-beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the method of obtaining signals is reflectometric, for which it is preferable to align the length of the interferometer arms with an allowable error within the propagation duration of the probe pulse, and, if necessary, the length of one of the arms is compensated by installing an additional spools of single-mode fiber, or using a serial optical circuit of the required length from the spare cores of the fiber-optic cable. Preferably, but not limited to, the probe pulse in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the proposed optical scheme separates and adds interfering signals twice. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer to mechanical stress is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the magnitude of the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and characteristics of the effect on the sensitive part devices. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer is an unbalanced two-beam Michelson interferometer, the method of obtaining signals is reflectometric, for the interferometer it is also preferable to align the length of the arms of the sensitive element with an acceptable error. Preferably, but not limited to, the probe pulse in the Michelson interferometer in the proposed optical scheme separates signals on the splitter 104, passes through the fibers of the segments 105 and 106 of the sensing elements, separates the signals on the splitters 107 and 108 into interferometer fractions, reflects on the splitters 112, 113, and re-passes in the opposite direction in segments 105 and 106 and addition on the splitter 104 when following in the opposite direction, forming a combined signal of interfering reflections, arriving at the input of the signal receiver. Preferably, but not limited to, to eliminate symmetric effects on the optical fibers of the sensitive parts of the device of each controlled area, which reduce the sensitivity of the device, optical cores of different arms are used in two different fiber-optic cables located on different parts of the barriers and structures. Preferably, but not limited to, the addressing and assignment of conventional numbers to the sensitive parts of the device (monitored areas) is performed by the computing device based on the arrival times of two signals, respectively, a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Preferably, but not limited to, any part of the optical circuit of the device along the length of the transport part can be connected to other sensors with a different optical circuit using the OTDR measurement method in various combinations, as well as end-of-line optical fiber sensors with static information.

[33] Preferably, but not limited to, the described fiber-optic security detector 100, in which combined interferometers are used, refers to technical security equipment in which a single-mode fiber-optic cable is used as a sensitive element. Preferably, but not limited to, the described device is intended for the zonal organization of security lines. Preferably, but not limited to, the described device can operate in conditions of increased industrial interference and natural influences and is designed to protect areas equipped with flexible mesh fences, with canopies and a top made of reinforced barbed tape or on fences equipped with partially flexible and elastic elements, including a tunnel alarm ... Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed device is constructed using standard typical equipment used in optical fiber technology and special software. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed fiber-optic multi-zone signaling device for protecting the perimeters of small and extended objects is based on the use of a highly sensitive effect of the dependence of the phase-polarization, amplitude and frequency characteristics of the magnitude of the returned signals of the Michelson interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer formed when part of the energy of the probing laser pulse passes through. radiation through the optical fiber in the forward and backward directions, in the circuits of the optical circuit of the device, modulated by the physical influences of the intruder. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed device uses a reflectometric method for obtaining reflection signals in order to determine their dynamic properties. Preferably, but not limited to, the reflection or return signals are sequentially input to the receiver and separated by arrival time. Preferably, but not limited to, the addressing of return (reflection) signals from sensing elements and optical sensors is carried out by a one-to-one correspondence between the range of the sensing element and the time of arrival of the reflection signal at the input of the receiving device. Preferably, but not limited to, the reflection signals of the Michelson interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer should arrive at the input of the receiving device at different times, this time is regulated by the length of the sensing element, or an additional coil, or spare fibers of the sensing element, or another optical delay line, as described in this document.

[34] Thus, as the described fiber-optic security detector 100, in which combined interferometers are used, a fiber-optic security detector is declared, in which combined interferometers are used, at least containing a station part with a transceiver device connected to a linear part of the said detector, and the linear part is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable, connect the transceiver and the sensitive elements of the security fiber-optic detector, containing closed and open circuits that generate signals reflections, in which the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created, in accordance with the physical impact, the same for both loops, and the closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the open loop is a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer reflector splitters and the adder splitter and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer reflector splitter are housed in the same coupler. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer reflector splitters and the adder splitter and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer reflector splitter are housed in different couplings. Optionally, the transceiver is an OTDR with combined input and output. Optionally, the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line, made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable, or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Optionally, the separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are made on the basis of circulators or splitters. Optionally, the branched optical circuit is configured to transmit the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer after they are reflected in the opposite direction, where they are re-separated and passed through the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with a change in the phase of the reflection signals, after which the summation of the reflection signals and their interference. Optionally, the branched optical circuit is configured to transmit the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer along a separate path to the transceiver device without modification. Moreover, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are two-beam interferometers, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branching fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals , and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and the dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector, while the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are not balanced, and the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with a permissible error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, while the length of one of the arms, if necessary, compensated by some optical delay line.

[35] Thus, the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector 100 is declared as the linear part, in which combined interferometers are used, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable, connect to each other a transceiver and sensitive elements of a fiber-optic security detector containing closed and open circuits that generate reflection signals, in which the same lengths of optical fibers of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, is the same for both loops, and the closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the open loop is a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer reflector splitters and the adder splitter and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer reflector splitter are housed in the same coupler. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer reflector splitters and the adder splitter and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer reflector splitter are housed in different couplings. Optionally, the transceiver is an OTDR with combined input and output. Optionally, the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Optionally, the separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are made on the basis of circulators or splitters. Optionally, the branched optical circuit is configured to transmit the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer after they are reflected in the opposite direction, where they are re-separated and passed through the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with a change in the phase of the reflection signals, after which the summation of the reflection signals and their interference. Optionally, the branched optical circuit is configured to transmit the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer along a separate path to the transceiver device without modification. Moreover, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are two-beam interferometers, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branching fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals , and the change in the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector, while the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are not balanced, and the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with a permissible error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, while the length one of the arms, if necessary, is compensated by some optical delay line.

[36] Thus, as a connecting sleeve, a connecting sleeve for a security fiber-optic detector 100 is declared, in which combined interferometers are used, which is a connecting sleeve in which the optical circuit of a security fiber-optic detector is located, containing elements of closed and open circuits that form reflection signals, in which the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created, in accordance with the exerted physical effect, the same for both loops, and the closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the open loop is the contour is a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Optionally, the separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are made on the basis of circulators or splitters. Moreover, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are two-beam interferometers, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and Michelson interferometer are not balanced, and the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with an acceptable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, while the length of one of the arms, if necessary, is compensated by some optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil.

[37] Thus, the optical circuit of the fiber-optic security detector 100 is declared as an optical circuit, which includes combined interferometers, which are combined interferometers for a fiber-optic security detector, implementing an optical circuit containing closed and open circuits that form reflection signals , in which the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, the same for both loops, and the closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the open loop is Michelson interferometer. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Optionally, the separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are made on the basis of circulators or splitters. Moreover, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are two-beam interferometers, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and Michelson interferometer are not balanced, and the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with an acceptable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, while the length of one of the arms, if necessary, is compensated by some optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is a hardware delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber optic cable or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.

[38] Thus, as a signaling method, a signaling method is declared using a fiber-optic security detector 100 with a linear part with combined interferometers, in accordance with which: provide placement of sensitive elements of the linear part of a fiber-optic security detector, which is a branched optical circuit, which, by means of splitters, couplings and a fiber-optic cable, is placed on the elements of the fence (on the visor, and / or on the canvas, and / or on the anti-sink barrier), form a laser pulse from the output of the transceiver device to the input of the said linear part and receive returned pulses, which are reflection signals, to the input of the transceiver device along the same path, but in the opposite direction, and the linear part contains an optical circuit of combined interferometers for a fiber-optic security detector, containing closed and open circuits that form a signal the lines of reflections in which the same sections of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, the same for both loops, and the closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the open loop is is a Michelson interferometer, while recording the change in the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals, corresponding to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive elements. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer reflector splitters and the adder splitter and the Michelson interferometer reflector splitter are housed in the same coupling. Optionally, the splitters-reflectors of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitter-adder and splitter-reflector of the Michelson interferometer are placed in different couplings. Optionally, a transceiver is provided which is a combined input and output OTDR. Optionally, a branched optical circuit is provided comprising an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of a necessary length of spare cores of a fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on the circulator is performed. Optionally, the separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters. Optionally, a branched optical circuit is performed with the possibility of transmitting the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer after they are reflected in the opposite direction, where their repeated separation and their passage of the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with a change in the phase of the reflection signals is ensured, after which the summation of the reflection signals and their interference. Optionally, a branched optical circuit is made with the possibility of transmitting reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer along a separate path to the transceiver device without changes. Moreover, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are provided, which are two-beam interferometers, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the difference phases of the returned signals, and the change in the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector, while the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are not balanced, and the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with a permissible error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, in this case, the length of one of the arms, if necessary, is compensated by some optical delay line.

[39] FIG. 2 shows an exemplary functional diagram of a fiber-optic security detector 200, which uses an open-loop interferometer with two arms (two-beam Michelson interferometer). Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed detector 200 is a security fiber optic, which includes an open-loop interferometer with two arms (two-beam Michelson interferometer) with reference to FIG. 2 contains at least: a transceiver device 201 containing a computing device and one or more reflectometers, including those with combined outputs of the emitter and receiver of signals, to which the transport part 202 of the optical circuit of the detector is connected. Preferably, but not limited to, the transport part 202 of the detector 200 consists of: fiber-optic cable sections, connecting elements, a laser pulse power divider 203, consisting of splitters that reduce the power of the laser pulse energy in the distributed optical circuit of the detector to the required level. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensing elements consist of: a splitter 204 dividing the energy of the probing pulse into two parts, segments 205, 206 of the sensing elements of a fiber-optic cable, splitter-reflectors 207, 208, moreover, the Michelson interferometer is formed jointly by the splitter 204, segments of the cable 205 , 206 and reflector splitters 207, 208. Preferably, but not limited to, the splitters 204, 207, 208 may be located in the same sleeve or in different ones. Preferably, but not limited to, the transport part contains several branches (at least in terms of the number of monitored zones and the applied optical scheme for dividing the energy of the probe pulse of the divider), which are fed to the input of the corresponding splitter 204 located in the corresponding coupling. By way of example, and not limitation, splitters 207, 208 may each be implemented with circulators. Preferably, but not limited to, the open-loop optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer requires alignment of the arm length with an acceptable error, which, if necessary, is compensated for by the probe pulse duration, or by adjusting the length of one of the arms by installing an additional optical delay line from a single-mode fiber. By way of example, and not limitation, a single-mode fiber coil or other optical delay line can be used as the optical delay line, for example, but not limited to, made by connecting the required length of the spare cores of the fiber-optic cable to the optical circuit.

[40] Such a fiber-optic security detector 200 preferably, but not limited to, operates as follows. Preferably, but not limited to, a short laser pulse is supplied from the laser source to the optical circuit at the input of the power divider of the transport part of the device, where the pulse power is divided into fractions. Preferably, but not limited to, the splitter is made of splitters with different division ratios, the arrangement of the splitter of the splitter corresponds to the optical scheme of the device and is not strictly defined. Preferably, but not limited to, the separation of the energy of the probe pulse is performed to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals from the two-beam Michelson interferometer of the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range of the measuring scale of the receiving device. Preferably, but not limited to, the time of arrival of the interfering signals at the input of the receiving device depends on the propagation speed of the laser radiation in the material of the optical fiber, on the lengths of the transport part and the sensitive part, including the length of the control coils. Preferably, but not limited to, the magnitude of the reflection signals of the Michelson interferometer depends on the degree of signal attenuation in the optical fiber, the degree of division of the probe pulse energy in the transport part of the device, the magnitude of the phase shift of the returned signals of the sensitive part of the device associated with the difference in the shape and length of the paths of the pulses in the fiber to the place of exposure. Preferably, but not limited to, the change in the value of the sum of the interferometer signals corresponds to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive part of the device arising from the dynamic impact of the intruder on the structure on which the sensitive part of the device is fixed. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical design of each controlled area uses any OTDR measurement technique in any combination, including dual-beam Michelson interferometers. Preferably, but not limited to, both lengths of optical fiber 205 and 206 are the sensing elements of the Michelson interferometer, acting on which creates the corresponding changes in the phase shift of the probe pulse, which reach the reflectors, performed optionally on the splitters 207 and 208, and return back in the same way. paths in the cable sections of the sensing elements 205 and 206, repeatedly passing the place of impact on the sensing element, reaching the splitter 204, where the reflected pulses are added, their interference and further movement in the opposite direction along the same path of the transport part and the divider to the receiving device. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer to mechanical stress is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the magnitude of the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the degree of division of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the device. Preferably, but not limited to, the open-loop optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer is an unbalanced two-beam Michelson interferometer, a method for obtaining signals reflectometric, for the interferometer it is preferable to align the length of the arms of the sensitive element with an acceptable error. Preferably, but not limited to, to avoid symmetric effects on the optical fibers of the sensitive parts of the device of each controlled area, which reduce the sensitivity of the device, optical cores of different arms are used in two different fiber-optic cables located on different parts of the barriers and structures. Preferably, but not limited to, the addressing and assignment of conventional numbers to the sensitive parts of the device (monitored areas) is performed by the computing device based on the time of arrival of the Michelson interferometer signal. Preferably, but not limited to, end fiber optic sensors with static information and other monitored areas using other methods of generating the reflectometric response can be connected to any part of the optical circuit of the device along the length of the transport part.

[41] Preferably, but not limited to, the described fiber-optic security detector 200, which uses an open-loop interferometer with two arms (dual-beam Michelson interferometer), refers to technical security equipment in which a single-mode fiber-optic cable is used as a sensitive element. Preferably, but not limited to, the described device is intended for the zonal organization of security lines. Preferably, but not limited to, the described device can operate in conditions of increased industrial interference and natural influences and is designed to protect areas equipped with flexible mesh fences, with canopies and a top made of reinforced barbed tape or on fences equipped with partially flexible and elastic elements, including a tunnel alarm ... Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed device is constructed using standard typical equipment used in optical fiber technology and special software. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed fiber-optic multi-zone signaling device for protecting the perimeters of small and extended objects is based on the use of a highly sensitive effect of the dependence of the phase-polarization, amplitude and frequency characteristics of the magnitude of the returned Michelson interferometer signals formed when part of the energy of the probe laser pulse passes through the optical fiber into forward and backward directions, in the circuits of the optical circuit of the device, modulated by the physical influences of the intruder. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed device uses a reflectometric method for obtaining reflection signals in order to determine their dynamic properties. Preferably, but not limited to, the reflection or return signals are sequentially input to the receiver and separated by arrival time. Preferably, but not limited to, the addressing of return (reflection) signals from sensing elements and optical sensors is carried out by a one-to-one correspondence between the range of the sensing element and the time of arrival of the reflection signal at the input of the receiving device. Preferably, but not limited to, the reflection signals of Michelson interferometers of different sections of the optical circuit should arrive at the input of the receiving device at different times, this time is regulated by the length of the transport part, or an additional coil, or spare fibers of the sensitive element, or another optical delay line, for example, from spare fibers transport section as described in this document.

[42] Thus, as the described fiber-optic security detector 200, in which an open-loop interferometer with two arms is used, a fiber-optic security detector is declared, in which an open-circuit interferometer with two arms is used, at least containing a station part with a transceiver device connected to the linear part of the said detector, and the linear part is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable, connect the transceiver and the sensitive elements of the security fiber-optic detector, containing an open a circuit that generates reflection signals, in which the segments of the optical fiber are the sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probe pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, and the disconnection The curled contour is a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, Michelson interferometer splitters are housed in the same coupling. Optionally, the transceiver is an OTDR with combined input and output. Optionally, the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, Michelson interferometer splitters are based on circulators or splitters. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the circuit reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer is unbalanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, with the length of one of the arms being compensated by some optical delay line.

[43] Thus, as another linear part, the linear part of the detector 200 of the security fiber-optic is declared, which includes an open-loop interferometer with two arms, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which, through couplings and transport cables interconnect the transceiver and the sensitive elements of the security fiber optic detector, containing an open loop that generates reflection signals, in which the optical fiber segments are the sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, and the open loop is a two-beam Michelson interferometer. Optionally, Michelson interferometer splitters are housed in the same coupling. Optionally, the transceiver is an OTDR with combined input and output. Optionally, the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, the separating elements of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are made on the basis of circulators or splitters. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the circuit reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer is unbalanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, with the length of one of the arms being compensated by some optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil.

[44] Thus, as another connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve of the security fiber-optic detector 200 is declared, which includes an open-loop interferometer with two arms, which is a connecting sleeve in which the optical circuit of the security fiber-optic detector is located, containing open-loop elements , which generates open-loop reflection signals, in which the optical fiber cable sections are the sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, and the open-loop is a two-beam Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the separating elements of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are made on the basis of circulators or splitters. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the circuit reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer is unbalanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, with the length of one of the arms being compensated by some optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil.

[45] Thus, as another optical scheme, the optical scheme of the security fiber-optic detector 200 is declared, which includes an open-loop interferometer with two arms, which is an open-loop interferometer for a fiber-optic security detector, which implements an optical circuit containing an open loop that forms reflection signals, in which sections of optical fiber are the sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probe pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, and the open loop is a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the separating elements of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are made on the basis of circulators or splitters. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the circuit reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Michelson interferometer is unbalanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, with the length of one of the arms being compensated by some optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is a hardware delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber optic cable or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.

[46] Thus, as another signaling method, a signaling method is claimed using a fiber-optic security detector 200 with a linear part with an open interferometer with two arms, according to which: a branched optical circuit, which by means of splitters, couplings and a fiber-optic cable is placed on the elements of the fence (on the visor, and / or the canvas, and / or on the anti-burial barrier), form a laser pulse from the output of the transceiver device to the input of the said linear part and receive the returned pulse, which is a reflection signal, to the input of the transceiver device along the same path, but in the opposite direction, and the linear part contains the optical circuit of an open interferometer for a fiber-optic security detector, containing an open loop that forms reflection signals, in which the optical fiber sections are the sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, while the change in the magnitude of the reflection signal is recorded, corresponding to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive elements. Optionally, Michelson interferometer splitters are housed in a coupler. Optionally, a branched optical circuit is provided comprising an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of a necessary length of spare cores of a fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, the separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters. Optionally, a Michelson interferometer is provided, which is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the circuit reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, an unbalanced Michelson interferometer is provided, wherein the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, the length of one of the arms being compensated for by some optical delay line.

[47] FIG. 3 shows a functional diagram of the monitored zone of a fiber-optic security detector, which includes an interferometer with two arms (two-beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer). Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed detector 300 is a security fiber optic, which includes an interferometer with two arms (two-beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer) with reference to FIG. 3 contains at least: a transceiver device 301 containing a computing device and one or more reflectometers, including those with combined outputs of the emitter and receiver of signals, to which the transport part 302 of the optical circuit of the detector is connected. Preferably, but not limited to, the transport part 302 of the detector 300 consists of: fiber-optic cable sections, connecting elements, a laser pulse power divider 303, consisting of splitters that reduce the power of the laser pulse energy in the distributed optical circuit of the detector to the required level. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensing elements consist of: a splitter 304 dividing the energy of the probing pulse into two parts, segments 305, 306 of the sensing elements of a fiber-optic cable, a splitter adder 307 and a splitter of a reflector 308, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer being jointly formed by the splitter 304, lengths of cable 305, 306 and splitters 307, 308. Preferably, but not limited to, the splitters 304, 307, 308 may be located in the same splice, or in different ones. Preferably, but not limited to, the transport part contains several branches (at least in terms of the number of monitored zones and the applied optical scheme for dividing the energy of the probing pulse of the divider), which are fed to the input of the corresponding splitter 304 located in the corresponding coupling. By way of example, and not limitation, splitters 307, 308 may each be implemented with circulators. Preferably, but not limited to, the branched optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction. Preferably, but not limited to, the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect in the opposite direction the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where it is ensured that they are separated again and that they pass the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with the repeated change in the phase of the signals, after which it is ensured the final addition of the reflection signals, their interfering and following to the receiving device. Preferably, but not limited to, the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver device. Preferably, but not limited to, the open-loop optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer requires alignment of the arm length with an acceptable error, which, if necessary, is compensated by the probe pulse duration, or by adjusting the length of one of the arms by installing an additional optical delay line from a single-mode fiber. By way of example, and not limitation, a single-mode fiber coil or other optical delay line can be used as the optical delay line, for example, but not limited to, made by connecting the required length of the spare cores of the fiber-optic cable to the optical circuit.

[48] Such a fiber optic security detector 300 preferably, but not limited to, operates as follows. Preferably, but not limited to, a short laser pulse is supplied from the laser source to the optical circuit at the input of the power divider of the transport part of the device, where the pulse power is divided into fractions. Preferably, but not limited to, the splitter is made of splitters with different division ratios, the arrangement of the splitter of the splitter corresponds to the optical scheme of the device and is not strictly defined. Preferably, but not limited to, the separation of the probe pulse energy is performed to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer from the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range of the measuring scale of the receiving device. Preferably, but not limited to, the time of arrival of the interfering signals at the input of the receiving device depends on the propagation speed of the laser radiation in the material of the optical fiber, on the length of the transport part and the length of the sensitive part, including the length of the control coils. Preferably, but not limited to, the magnitude of the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer depends on the degree of signal attenuation in the optical fiber, the degree of division of the probe pulse energy in the transport part of the device, the magnitude of the phase shift of the returned signals of the sensitive part of the device associated with the difference in the shape and length of the paths of the pulses in fiber to the point of exposure. Preferably, but not limited to, the change in the value of the sum of the interferometer signals corresponds to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive part of the device arising from the dynamic impact of the intruder on the structure on which the sensitive part of the device is fixed. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical design of each controlled area uses any OTDR measurement method in any combination, including the dual-beam interferometer method, in particular the Mach-Zehnder interferometer method. Preferably, but not limited to, the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which the phase of the probe pulse is shifted in accordance with the physical stimulus. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the magnitude of the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and characteristics of the effect on sensitive part of the device. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is an unbalanced two-beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the method for obtaining signals is reflectometric, for the interferometer it is also preferable to align the length of the arms of the sensitive element with an acceptable error. Preferably, but not limited to, the probe pulse in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the proposed optical scheme separates signals on the splitter 304, passes through the fibers of the segments 305 and 306 of the sensing elements, adds and interferes with signals on the splitter 307, reflects signals in the opposite direction on the splitter 308, re-passing the signal through the splitter 307, splitting the signals and following in the opposite direction in segments 305 and 306 and the final addition on the splitter 304 when following in the opposite direction, at the output of the splitter 304, a combined signal of interfering reflections is formed, which is then fed to the input of the signal receiver ... Preferably, but not limited to, to eliminate symmetric effects on the optical fibers of the sensitive parts of the device of each controlled area, which reduce the sensitivity of the device, optical cores of different arms are used in two different fiber-optic cables located on different parts of the barriers and structures. Preferably, but not limited to, the addressing and assignment of conventional numbers to the sensitive parts of the device (monitored areas) is performed by the computing device based on the arrival time of the reflection signal of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Preferably, but not limited to, end fiber optic sensors with static information and other monitored areas using other methods of generating the reflectometric response can be connected to any part of the optical circuit of the device along the length of the transport part.

[49] Preferably, but not limited to, the described fiber-optic security detector 300, which uses a two-arm interferometer, refers to technical security equipment in which a single-mode fiber-optic cable is used as a sensitive element. Preferably, but not limited to, the described device is intended for the zonal organization of security lines. Preferably, but not limited to, the described device can operate in conditions of increased industrial interference and natural influences and is designed to protect areas equipped with flexible mesh fences, with canopies and a top made of reinforced barbed tape or on fences equipped with partially flexible and elastic elements, including a tunnel alarm ... Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed device is constructed using standard typical equipment used in optical fiber technology and special software. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed fiber-optic multi-zone signaling device for protecting the perimeters of small and extended objects (fiber-optic security detector) is based on the use of a highly sensitive effect of the dependence of the phase-polarization, amplitude and frequency characteristics of the magnitude of the returned signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer formed during the passage of a part the energy of the probe pulse of laser radiation through the optical fiber in the forward and backward directions, in the circuits of the optical circuit of the device, modulated by the physical influences of the intruder. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed device uses a reflectometric method for obtaining reflection signals in order to determine their dynamic properties. Preferably, but not limited to, the reflection or return signals are sequentially input to the receiver and separated by arrival time. Preferably, but not limited to, the addressing of return (reflection) signals from sensing elements and optical sensors is carried out by a one-to-one correspondence between the range of the sensing element and the time of arrival of the reflection signal at the input of the receiving device. Preferably, but not limited to, the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer should arrive at the input of the receiving device at different times, this time is regulated by the length of the sensing element, or an additional coil, or spare fibers of the sensing element, or another optical delay line, as described in this document. ...

[50] Thus, as the described fiber-optic security detector 300, in which an open-loop interferometer with two arms is used, a fiber-optic security detector is declared, in which a closed interferometer with two arms is used, at least containing a station part with a transceiver device connected to the linear part of the said detector, and the linear part is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable, connect the transceiver and the sensitive elements of the security fiber-optic detector, containing a closed a circuit that generates reflection signals, in which sections of optical fiber are the sensitive elements of the interferometer and create a phase shift of the probe pulse for the circuit, and the closed circuit is a Mach-Zende interferometer ra. Optionally, the splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are housed in the coupler. Optionally, the transceiver is an OTDR with combined input and output. Optionally, the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the circuit reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value The sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is unbalanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an acceptable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, with the length of one of the arms being compensated by some optical delay line. Optionally, the branched optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction. Optionally, the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect in the opposite direction the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where their repeated separation and passage of the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with repeated changes in the signal phase is provided, after which the final signal addition is provided. reflections, their interfering and following to the receiving device. Optionally, the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver device.

[51] Thus, as another linear part, the linear part of the detector 300 of the security fiber-optic is declared, which includes an interferometer with two arms, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable interconnect the transceiver and the sensitive elements of the security fiber optic detector, containing a closed loop that generates reflection signals, in which the optical fiber segments are the sensitive elements of the interferometer and create a phase shift of the probe pulse for the loop, and the closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are housed in the coupler. Optionally, the transceiver is an OTDR with combined input and output. Optionally, the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the circuit reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is unbalanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an acceptable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, with the length of one of the arms being compensated by some optical delay line. Optionally, the branched optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction. Optionally, the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect in the opposite direction the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where their repeated separation and passage of the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with repeated changes in the signal phase is provided, after which the final signal addition is provided. reflections, their interfering and following to the receiving device. Optionally, the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver device.

[52] Thus, as another connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve of the security fiber-optic detector 300 is declared, in which a closed interferometer with two arms is used, which is a connecting sleeve in which the optical circuit of the security fiber-optic detector is located, containing a closed loop, forming a reflection signal, in which the sections of the optical fiber of the cable are the sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, and the closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the circuit reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is unbalanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an acceptable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, with the length of one of the arms being compensated by some optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil.

[53] Thus, as another optical scheme, the optical scheme of the detector 300 of the security fiber optic is declared, which includes a closed interferometer with two arms, which is a closed interferometer for a security fiber optic detector, which implements an optical scheme containing a closed loop that forms a reflection signal in which the same lengths of the optical fiber of the cable are the sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probe pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, and the closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the circuit reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is unbalanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an acceptable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, with the length of one of the arms being compensated by some optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, the branched optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction. Optionally, the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect in the opposite direction the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where their repeated separation and passage of the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with repeated changes in the signal phase is provided, after which the final signal addition is provided. reflections, their interfering and following to the receiving device. Optionally, the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver device.

[54] Thus, as another signaling method, a signaling method is claimed using a fiber-optic security detector 300 with a linear part with a closed interferometer with two arms, in accordance with which: a branched optical circuit, which by means of splitters, couplings and a fiber-optic cable is placed on the elements of the fence (on the visor, and / or the canvas, and / or on the anti-burial barrier), form a laser pulse from the output of the transceiver device to the input of the said linear part and receive the returned pulse, which is a reflection signal, to the input of the transceiver device along the same path, but in the opposite direction, and the linear part contains the optical circuit of a closed interferometer for a fiber-optic security detector, containing a closed loop that generates a signal reflections, in which sections of the optical fiber of the cable are the sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, and the closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, while the change in the magnitude of the reflection signal corresponding to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of sensitive elements. Optionally, the splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are placed in the coupler. Optionally, a branched optical circuit is provided containing a hardware delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on the circulator is performed. Optionally, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer is provided, which is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the circuit reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer is provided, wherein the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, the length of one of the arms being compensated for by some optical delay line. Optionally, the branched optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction. Optionally, the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect in the opposite direction the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where they are separated again and passed through the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with a repeated change in the phase of the signals, after which the final signal addition is provided. reflections, their interfering and following to the receiving device. Optionally, the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is transmitted in the forward direction in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver device.

[55] FIG. 4 shows a functional diagram of a fiber-optic security detector, which includes combined interferometers. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed fiber-optic security detector 400, in which combined interferometers are used, with reference to FIG. 4, contains at least: a transceiver device 401 containing a computing device and one or more reflectometers, including those with combined outputs of the emitter and receiver of signals, to which the transport part 402 of the optical circuit of the detector is connected. Preferably, but not limited to, the transport part 402 of the detector 400 consists of: fiber-optic cable sections, connecting elements, a laser pulse power divider 403, consisting of splitters that reduce the power of the laser pulse energy in the distributed optical circuit of the detector to the required level. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensing elements consist of: a splitter 404 dividing the energy of the probing pulse into two parts, segments 405, 406 of the sensing elements of a fiber-optic cable, splitters 407-410, moreover, the Sagnac interferometer is formed jointly by a splitter 404, cable segments 405, 406 , splitters 407, 408, coil 411, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is formed jointly by the splitter 404, the lengths of the cable 405, 406, the splitter-combiner 409 and the splitter-reflector 410. Preferably, but not limited to, the splitter 404 and the ends of the lengths of the cables of the sensing elements are placed in one coupling, and interferometer splitters - in another coupling or in several couplings. For example, but not limited to, the splitters 407, 408 of the Sagnac interferometer may be housed in one other splitter, and the splitter adder 409 and the splitter-reflector 410 of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer may be housed in yet another splitter. Preferably, but not limited to, the transport part contains several branches (at least in terms of the number of monitored zones and the applied optical scheme for dividing the energy of the probe pulse of the divider), which are fed to the input of the corresponding splitter 404 located in the corresponding coupling. By way of example, but not limitation, any optical delay line 411 can be used as part of a fiber-optic security detector 400, for example, without being limited to, made by connecting to an optical circuit of the required length of reserve cores of a fiber-optic cable, or made in the form fiber optic spools.

[56] Such a fiber optic burglar detector 400 preferably, but is not limited to, operates as follows. Preferably, but not limited to, a short laser pulse is supplied from the laser source to the optical circuit at the input of the power divider of the transport part of the device, where the pulse power is divided into fractions. Preferably, but not limited to, the splitter is made of splitters with different division ratios, the arrangement of the splitter of the splitter corresponds to the optical scheme of the device and is not strictly defined. Preferably, but not limited to, the separation of the probe pulse energy is performed to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer from the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range of the measuring scale of the receiving device. Preferably, but not limited to, the time of arrival of the interfering signals at the input of the receiving device depends on the propagation speed of the laser radiation in the material of the optical fiber, on the length of the transport part and the length of the sensitive part, including the length of the control coils. Preferably, but not limited to, the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer depends on the degree of signal attenuation in the optical fiber, the degree of division of the probe pulse energy in the transport part of the device, the magnitude of the phase shift of the returned signals of the sensitive part of the device associated with the shape difference and the lengths of the paths of movement of impulses in the fiber to the place of exposure. Preferably, but not limited to, the change in the magnitude of the sums of the signals of the interferometers corresponds to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive part of the device arising from the dynamic impact of the intruder on the structure on which the sensitive part of the device is fixed. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical design of each controlled area uses any method of reflectometric measurement, in any combination, including the method of combined interferometers, including the method of two-beam Sagnac and Mach-Zehnder interferometers, and contains, respectively, the contours of the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Preferably, but not limited to, the same lengths of optical fibers of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which the phase of the probe pulse is shifted in accordance with the physical stimulus. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the magnitude of the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and characteristics of the effect on sensitive part of the device. Preferably, but not limited to, the contour of the optical circuit is an unbalanced two-beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the method of obtaining signals is reflectometric, for which it is preferable to align the length of the interferometer arms with an allowable error within the propagation duration of the probe pulse, and, if necessary, the length of one of the arms is compensated by installing an additional spools of single-mode fiber, or using a serial optical circuit of the required length from the spare cores of the fiber-optic cable. Preferably, but not limited to, the probe pulse in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the proposed optical scheme separates and adds interfering signals twice. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical stress is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring (from the side of the splitter 404) in any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring on the coil 411), with the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreasing from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, the value of the sum of the interfering reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the interfering reflection signals depends on the location, strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the Sagnac interferometer. The output signals of the reflections of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer are formed at the output of the splitter 404 in the opposite direction with a time delay determined by the length of the optical delay line 411 (coil 411 or other optical delay line) installed in the optical ring of the Sagnac interferometer. To delay the reflection signal of the closed loop of the Sagnac interferometer relative to the reflection signal of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, an adjusting coil 411 is installed, the length of which is calculated based on the condition: the signal delay time must not be less than the duration of the probe pulse. By way of example and not limitation, a different optical delay line may be used instead of the coil 411, for example, not limited to being made by connecting in an optical circuit of the required length of the spare cores of the fiber optic cable. Preferably, but not limited to, to eliminate symmetric effects on the optical fibers of the sensitive parts of the device of each controlled area, which reduce the sensitivity of the device, optical cores of different arms are used in two different fiber-optic cables located on different parts of the barriers and structures. Preferably, but not limited to, the addressing and assignment of conventional numbers to the sensitive parts of the device (monitored areas) is performed by the computing device based on the arrival times of two signals, respectively, a Sagnac interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Preferably, but not limited to, any part of the optical circuit of the device along the length of the transport part can be connected to other sensors with a different optical circuit using the OTDR measurement method in various combinations, as well as end-of-line optical fiber sensors with static information.

[57] Preferably, but not limited to, the described fiber-optic security detector 400, in which combined interferometers are used, refers to technical security equipment in which a single-mode fiber-optic cable is used as a sensitive element. Preferably, but not limited to, the described device is intended for the zonal organization of security lines. Preferably, but not limited to, the described device can operate in conditions of increased industrial interference and natural influences and is designed to protect areas equipped with flexible mesh fences, with canopies and a top made of reinforced barbed tape or on fences equipped with partially flexible and elastic elements, including a tunnel alarm ... Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed device is constructed using standard typical equipment used in optical fiber technology and special software. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed fiber-optic multi-zone signaling device for protecting the perimeters of small and extended objects is based on the use of a highly sensitive effect of the dependence of the phase-polarization, amplitude and frequency characteristics of the magnitude of the returned signals from the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, formed when part of the energy of the probing laser pulse passes through. radiation through the optical fiber in the forward and backward directions, in the circuits of the optical circuit of the device, modulated by the physical influences of the intruder. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed device uses a reflectometric method for obtaining reflection signals in order to determine their dynamic properties and localize the impact site within the controlled area. Preferably, but not limited to, the reflection or return signals are sequentially input to the receiver and separated by arrival time. Preferably, but not limited to, the addressing of return (reflection) signals from sensing elements and optical sensors is carried out by a one-to-one correspondence between the range of the sensing element and the time of arrival of the reflection signal at the input of the receiving device. Preferably, but not limited to, the reflection signals of the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer should arrive at the input of the receiving device at different times, this time is regulated by the length of the sensing element, or an additional coil, or spare fibers of the sensing element, or another optical delay line, as described in this document.

[58] Thus, as the described fiber-optic security detector 400, in which combined interferometers are used, a fiber-optic security detector is declared, in which combined interferometers are used, at least containing a station part with a transceiver device connected to a linear part of the said detector, and the linear part is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable, connect the transceiver and the sensitive elements of the security fiber-optic detector, containing closed circuits that generate reflection signals, in which the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, the same for both loops, one closed loop being a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the other closed loop being a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the adder splitter and the reflector splitter of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are housed in the same coupler. Optionally, the adder splitter and the reflector splitter of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer splitters are housed in different couplings. Optionally, the transceiver is an OTDR with combined input and output. Optionally, the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line, made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable, or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Optionally, the branched optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction. Optionally, the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect in the opposite direction the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where their repeated separation and passage of the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with repeated changes in the signal phase is provided, after which the final signal addition is provided. reflections, their interfering and following to the receiving device. Optionally, the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver device. Moreover, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer are two-beam interferometers, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical influences is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and significantly is insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, and the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the difference phases of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength, the dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector and for the Sagnac interferometer - about t the point of impact on the sensitive part of the detector, while the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, and the lengths of the arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, while the length of one of the arms is compensated for by some optical delay line.

[59] Thus, as another linear part, the linear part of the detector 400 of the security fiber-optic is declared, in which combined interferometers are used, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which are connected by means of couplings and a transport cable between is a transceiver device and sensitive elements of a fiber-optic security detector, containing closed circuits that form reflection signals, in which the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, the same for both loops, one closed loop being a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the other closed loop being a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the splitter-adder and splitter-reflector of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are housed in the same coupling. Optionally, the splitter-adder and splitter-reflector of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are housed in different couplings. Optionally, the transceiver is an OTDR with combined input and output. Optionally, the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line, made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable, or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Optionally, the branched optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction. Optionally, the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect in the opposite direction the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where their repeated separation and passage of the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with repeated changes in the signal phase is provided, after which the final signal addition is provided. reflections, their interfering and following to the receiving device. Optionally, the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver device. Moreover, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer are two-beam interferometers, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical influences is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and significantly is insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, and the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the difference phases of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength, the dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector and for the Sagnac interferometer - about t the point of impact on the sensitive part of the detector, while the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, and the lengths of the arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, while the length of one of the arms is compensated for by some optical delay line.

[60] Thus, as another connecting sleeve, a connecting sleeve for a security fiber-optic detector 400 is declared, in which combined interferometers are used, which is a coupling, in which the optical circuit of a security fiber-optic detector is located, containing elements of closed circuits that generate signals reflections, in which the same sections of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, the same for both loops, and one closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the other is a closed loop the contour is a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Moreover, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer are two-beam interferometers, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical influences is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, and the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference return signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, and the lengths of the arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are aligned with an acceptable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, while the length of one of the arms is compensated for by some optical delay line if necessary. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil.

[61] Thus, as another optical scheme, the optical scheme of the 400 security fiber-optic detector is declared, in which combined interferometers are used, which are combined interferometers for the security fiber-optic detector, implementing an optical scheme containing closed circuits that form reflection signals, in which the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are the sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, the same for both loops, and one closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the other closed loop is is a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. Moreover, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer are two-beam interferometers, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical influences is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and significantly is insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, and the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branch fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the difference phases of the returned signals, and the change in the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Optionally, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, and the lengths of the arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are aligned with an acceptable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, while the length of one of the arms is compensated for by some optical delay line if necessary. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil.

[62] Thus, as another signaling method, a signaling method is claimed using a fiber-optic security detector 400 with a linear part with combined interferometers, in accordance with which: provide placement of sensitive elements of the linear part of a fiber-optic security detector, which is a branched optical circuit , which by means of splitters, couplings and a fiber-optic cable is placed on the elements of the fence (on the visor, and / or on the canvas, and / or on the anti-sink barrier), a laser pulse is generated from the output of the transceiver device to the input of the said linear part and the returned pulses are received , which are reflection signals, to the input of the transceiver device along the same path, but in the opposite direction, and the linear part contains an optical circuit of combined interferometers for a fiber-optic security detector, containing closed circuits that form a system Reflection channels in which the same sections of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, the same for both loops, and one closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the other the closed loop is a Sagnac interferometer, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals corresponding to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive elements is recorded. Optionally, the splitter-adder and splitter-reflector of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are housed in the same coupling. Optionally, the splitter-adder and splitter-reflector of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are placed in different couplings. Optionally, the transceiver is an OTDR with combined input and output. Optionally, one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator. Optionally, the branched optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction. Optionally, the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect in the opposite direction the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where they are repeatedly separated and passed through the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with a repeated change in the phase of the signals, after which the final signal addition is provided. reflections, their interfering and following to the receiving device. Optionally, the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver device. Moreover, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is provided and the Sagnac interferometer is provided, which are two-beam interferometers, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical influences is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, and the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branching fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength, the dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector, etc. for the Sagnac interferometer - from the place of impact on the sensitive part of the detector, while the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, and the lengths of the arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, while the length of one of the arms is compensated if necessary any optical delay line.

[63] FIG. 5 shows an approximate functional diagram of a fiber-optic security detector, which includes joint interferometers. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed fiber-optic security detector 500, which uses joint interferometers with reference to FIG. 5, contains at least: a transceiver device 501 containing a computing device and one or more reflectometers, including those with combined outputs of the emitter and receiver of signals, to which the transport part 502 of the optical circuit of the detector is connected. Preferably, but not limited to, the transport part 502 of the detector 500 consists of: fiber-optic cable sections, connecting elements, a laser pulse power divider 503, consisting of splitters that reduce the power of the laser pulse energy in the distributed optical circuit of the detector to the required level. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensing elements consist of: a splitter 504 dividing the energy of the probing pulse into two parts, segments 505, 506 of the sensing elements of a fiber-optic cable, splitters 507-510, moreover, the Michelson interferometer is formed jointly by a common splitter 504, common segments of the sensing cable elements 505 and 506, common splitter-separators 507, 508 and splitter-reflectors 509, 510, the Sagnac interferometer is formed jointly by a common splitter 504, common cable lengths of sensing elements 505 and 506, common splitters-separators 507, 508 with closed leads and coil 511 Preferably, but not limited to, and not necessarily, the splitters 504-510 are housed in one or more couplers. By way of example, and not limitation, the elements of Michelson and Sagnac interferometers can be placed in one or in different couplings, on one side or on both sides of the segments 505, 506 of the sensitive elements. Preferably, the transport part contains several branches (at least in terms of the number of monitored zones and the applied optical scheme for dividing the energy of the probing pulse of the divider), which are fed to the input of the corresponding splitter 504 located in the corresponding coupling. By way of example, and not limitation, splitters 509, 510 may each be implemented with circulators. By way of example and not limitation, instead of the coil 511, a different optical delay line can be used, for example, not limited to being made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber optic cable.

[64] Such a fiber optic security detector 500 preferably, but not limited to, operates as follows. Preferably, but not limited to, a short laser pulse is supplied from the laser source to the optical circuit to the input of the transport part of the device and then to the input of the power divider; the pulse power is divided into fractions at the divider. Preferably, but not limited to, the splitter is made of splitters with different division ratios, the arrangement of the splitter of the splitter corresponds to the optical scheme of the device and is not strictly defined. Preferably, but not limited to, the separation of the probe pulse energy is performed to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer from the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range of the measuring scale of the receiving device. Preferably, but not limited to, the time of arrival of the interfering signals at the input of the receiving device depends on the propagation speed of the laser radiation in the material of the optical fiber, on the length of the transport part and the length of the sensitive part, including the length of the control coils. Preferably, but not limited to, the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer depends on the degree of signal attenuation in the optical fiber, the degree of division of the probe pulse energy in the transport part of the device, the magnitude of the phase shift of the returned signals of the sensitive part of the device associated with the difference in shape and length paths of movement of impulses in the fiber to the place of exposure. Preferably, but not limited to, the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector, arising from the dynamic impact of the intruder on the structure on which the sensitive part of the device is fixed. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical design of each controlled area uses any OTDR measurement method, in any combination, including the two-beam interferometer method, including the Michelson interferometer and Sagnac interferometer methods, and comprises, respectively, a Michelson interferometer circuit and a Sagnac interferometer circuit. Preferably, but not limited to, the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are simultaneously sensitive elements of both interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probe pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical impact, the same for both circuits. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical stress is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring (from the splitter 504) in any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring on the coil 511), with the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreasing from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals and the place of impact, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer to mechanical stress is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the magnitude of the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the effect on the sensitive part of the detector. Preferably, but not limited to, the open loop of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer is an unbalanced two-beam Michelson interferometer, the method for obtaining signals is reflectometric, for the interferometer to work, preferably, but not limited to, it is necessary to align the length of the arms of the sensitive element with a permissible error determined by the width of the probe pulse. Preferably, but not limited to, the splitter 504 common to the two interferometers splits the power of the probe pulse into two directions into different fiber optic cables 505 and 506, forming a common sensing element of the device. The second ends of the sensor cable are connected to splitters 507 and 508 to separate the paths of the probing pulse parts to the reflectors of an open two-beam Michelson interferometer (to splitters 509, 510 with closed optical outputs forming a reflector) and to form a closed ring of the Sagnac interferometer (closed leads 507 between splitters and 508 with coil 511). The output of the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer is generated at the output of the splitter 504 sequentially in accordance with the delay set between the interferometers. To delay the reflection signal of the closed loop of the Sagnac interferometer, an adjusting coil 511 is installed, the length of which is calculated based on the condition: the signal delay time must not be less than the duration of the probe pulse. By way of example and not limitation, instead of the coil 511, a different optical delay line can be used, for example, not limited to being made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber optic cable. If necessary, in order to equalize the length of the arms of the open loop of the Michelson interferometer, an adjusting coil is installed in the shorter arm of the open loop, eliminating the significant difference in the lengths of the arms of the Michelson interferometer. By way of example, and not limitation, instead of such a coil, another optical delay line can also be used, for example, without limitation, made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber optic cable. Preferably, but not limited to, in order to avoid the overlap in time of the reflections from the closed and open loops, if necessary, an additional coil of the same optical fiber or other hardware delay line is installed in one of the loops, as described herein. Preferably, but not limited to, the addressing and assignment of conventional numbers to the sensitive parts of the device (monitored areas) is performed by the computing device based on the arrival times of two signals, respectively, a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Preferably, but not limited to, end fiber optic sensors with static information and other monitored areas using other methods of generating the reflectometric response can be connected to any part of the optical circuit of the device along the length of the transport part.

[65] Preferably, but not limited to, the described fiber-optic security detector 500, in which joint interferometers are used, refers to technical security equipment in which a single-mode fiber-optic cable is used as a sensitive element. Preferably, but not limited to, the described device is intended for the zonal organization of security lines. Preferably, but not limited to, the described device can operate in conditions of increased industrial interference and natural influences and is designed to protect areas equipped with flexible mesh fences, with canopies and a top made of reinforced barbed tape or on fences equipped with partially flexible and elastic elements, including a tunnel alarm ... Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed device is constructed using standard typical equipment used in optical fiber technology and special software. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed device makes it possible to determine the location of the impact on the structure in excess of the permissible values, at least with an accuracy to the size of the controlled area and with additional allowable accuracy within the controlled area using software, using the ratio of the reflection signals of the coordinate-dependent closed loop (Sagnac interferometer) and coordinate-independent open loop (Michelson interferometer). Preferably, but not limited to, additional coils of the same optical fiber or other hardware delay lines are installed at the end of the closed loop or in both arms of the open loop, as described herein. Preferably, but not limited to, optical cores of different arms are used in two different optical fiber cables located on different parts of the barriers and structures. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical fibers of the transport part of the device are structurally run in fiber optic cables with fibers of the sensitive part of the device or in separate cables. Preferably, but not limited to, the optical fibers of the sensitive part of the device are simultaneously delay lines for the probe pulse and must be at least a predetermined length, while for the controlled areas, the dimensions of which are less than the required length, compensation coils or the length of the sensitive fibers are sequentially installed in the optical circuit of the sensitive elements. element is increased due to the series connection of the spare cores of the fiber-optic cable in both arms of the sensing element (as implemented with reference to the hardware delay lines described herein).

[66] Thus, as the described fiber-optic security detector 500, in which joint interferometers are used, a fiber-optic security detector is declared, in which joint interferometers are used, at least containing a station part with a transceiver device connected to a linear part of the said detector, and the linear part is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable, connect the transceiver and the sensitive elements of the security fiber-optic detector, containing closed and open circuits that generate signals reflections in which the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers in which a phase shift of the probe pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, the same for both loops, the closed loop being the Sagnac interferometer and the open loop being the Michelson interferometer. Optionally, Sagnac interferometer splitters and Michelson interferometer reflector splitters are housed in the same coupling. Optionally, Sagnac interferometer splitters and Michelson interferometer reflector splitters are housed in different couplings. Optionally, the transceiver is an OTDR with combined input and output. Optionally, the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or a coil of optical fiber. Optionally, the splitters and reflectors of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are made on the basis of circulators or splitters. Optionally, optical delay lines are installed at the end of the closed loop or in both arms of the open loop. Optionally, an optical delay line is installed in one of the circuits to eliminate the time overlap of the reflection signals from the closed and open circuits. Optionally, the optical fibers of the sensitive part of the device are at the same time delay lines for the probe pulse and are made not less than a given length, while for the monitored areas, the dimensions of which are less than the required length, optical delay lines are sequentially installed in the optical circuit of the sensitive elements. Optionally, the detector is configured to determine the place of impact on the structure, exceeding the permissible values, at least with an accuracy to the size of the controlled area and with additional allowable accuracy within the controlled area using software, using the ratio of the reflection signals of the coordinate-dependent closed loop (interferometer Sagnac) and coordinate-independent open loop (Michelson interferometer).

[67] Thus, as another linear part, the linear part of the detector 500 of the security fiber-optic is declared, in which joint interferometers are used, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which are connected between is a transceiver device and sensitive elements of a fiber-optic security detector containing closed and open circuits that generate reflection signals, in which the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact , the same for both loops, and the closed loop is a Sagnac interferometer, and the open loop is a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, Sagnac interferometer splitters and Michelson interferometer reflector splitters are housed in the same coupling. Optionally, Sagnac interferometer splitters and Michelson interferometer reflector splitters are housed in different couplings. Optionally, the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, splitters / splitters of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are made on the basis of circulators or splitters. Optical delay lines are optionally installed at the end of the closed loop or in both arms of the open loop. Optionally, an optical delay line is installed in one of the circuits to eliminate the time overlap of the reflection signals from the closed and open circuits. Optionally, the optical fibers of the sensitive part of the device are at the same time delay lines for the probe pulse and are made not less than a given length, while for the monitored areas, the dimensions of which are less than the required length, optical delay lines are sequentially installed in the optical circuit of the sensitive elements.

[68] Thus, as another connecting sleeve, the connection sleeve of the security fiber-optic detector 500 is declared, in which joint interferometers are used, which is a connection sleeve in which the optical circuit of the security fiber-optic detector is located, containing closed and open circuits that form reflection signals, in which the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, the same for both loops, and the closed loop is a Sagnac interferometer, and the open loop is Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, splitters / splitters of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are made on the basis of circulators or splitters. Optical delay lines are optionally installed at the end of the closed loop or in both arms of the open loop. An optical delay line is optionally installed in one of the circuits to eliminate the time overlap of the reflection signals from the closed and open circuits.

[69] Thus, as another optical scheme, the optical scheme of the fiber-optic security detector 500 is declared, in which joint interferometers are used, which are joint interferometers for the fiber-optic security detector, implementing an optical scheme containing closed and open circuits that generate signals reflections, in which the same sections of the optical fiber of the cable are the sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, the same for both loops, and the closed loop is a Sagnac interferometer, and the open loop is an interferometer Michelson. Optionally, Sagnac interferometer splitters and Michelson interferometer reflector splitters are housed in the same coupling. Optionally, Sagnac interferometer splitters and Michelson interferometer reflector splitters are housed in different couplings. Optionally, the optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting to an optical circuit of the required length of spare cores of the fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, splitters / splitters of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are made on the basis of circulators or splitters. Optionally, optical delay lines are installed at the end of the closed loop or in both arms of the open loop. Optionally, an optical delay line is installed in one of the circuits to eliminate the time overlap of the reflection signals from the closed and open circuits.

[70] Thus, as another signaling method, a signaling method is claimed using a fiber-optic security detector 500 with a linear part with joint interferometers, in accordance with which: provide placement of sensitive elements of the linear part of a fiber-optic security detector, which is a branched optical circuit , which, by means of splitters, couplings and a fiber-optic cable, is placed on the elements of the fence (on the visor, and / or the canvas, and / or on the anti-underfloor barrier), a laser pulse is generated from the output of the transceiver device to the input of the said linear part and a return pulse is received, which is a reflection signal, to the input of the transceiver device along the same path, but in the opposite direction, and the linear part contains an optical circuit of joint interferometers for a fiber-optic security detector, containing closed and open circuits that form a signal Reflections in which the same sections of the optical fiber of the cable are the sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, the same for both loops, and the closed loop is a Sagnac interferometer, and the open loop is Michelson interferometer, while registering the change in the magnitude of the sum of the reflection signals, corresponding to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive elements. Optionally, Sagnac interferometer splitters and Michelson interferometer reflector splitters are placed in the same coupling. Optionally, Sagnac interferometer splitters and Michelson interferometer reflector splitters are placed in different couplings. Optionally, a transceiver is provided which is a combined input and output OTDR. Optionally, a branched optical circuit is made containing an optical delay line, made by connecting in an optical circuit of the necessary length of spare cores of a fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. Optionally, splitters / separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters. Optionally, optical delay lines are installed at the end of the closed loop or in both arms of the open loop. Optionally, an optical delay line is installed in one of the circuits to eliminate the time aliasing of the reflection signals from the closed and open circuits. Optionally, optical fibers of the sensitive part of the device are provided, which are at the same time delay lines for the probe pulse and not less than a predetermined length, while for the controlled areas, the dimensions of which are less than the required length, optical delay lines are sequentially installed in the optical circuit of the sensitive elements. Optionally, they provide a detector capable of determining the location of the impact on the structure that exceeds the permissible values, at least with an accuracy to the size of the controlled area and with additional allowable accuracy within the controlled area using software, using the ratio of the reflection signals of the coordinate-dependent closed loop (Sagnac interferometer) and coordinate-independent open loop (Michelson interferometer).

[71] Each of those described with reference to FIG. 1-5 fiber-optic security detectors are made with the ability to use, if necessary, optical delay lines - optical fiber coils, or made by connecting to the optical circuit of the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable. Such optical delay lines, as a rule, are not limited to, are used either in the transport part of a fiber-optic security detector, or in its sensitive element.

[72] Thus, as an optical delay line for a security fiber-optic detector, an optical delay line is declared, made by connecting the reserve cores of a fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit of the required length. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the sensitive elements of the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of the said detector.

[73] Thus, as another connector, a connector for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, containing an optical delay line for a fiber-optic security detector made by connecting in an optical circuit of the required length of spare fiber-optic cable cores. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the sensitive elements of the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of the said detector.

[74] Thus, as another linear part, a linear part is declared for a fiber-optic security detector, containing an optical delay line for a fiber-optic security detector, made by connecting into an optical circuit of the required length of spare fiber-optic cable cores. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the sensitive elements for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of the said detector.

[75] Thus, as another fiber-optic security detector, a fiber-optic security detector is declared, containing an optical delay line for a fiber-optic security detector, made by connecting to an optical circuit of the required length of spare fiber-optic cable cores. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the sensitive elements for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of the said detector.

[76] Thus, as another signaling method, a signaling method is claimed using a fiber-optic security detector with a linear part with at least one interferometer, according to which: is a branched optical circuit, which, by means of couplings containing splitters and optical delay lines, and a fiber-optic cable, is placed on the elements of the fence (on the visor, and / or on the canvas, and / or on the anti-burial barrier), form a laser pulse from the output of the transceiver device to the input of the said linear part and receive a return pulse, which is a reflection signal, to the input of the transceiver device along the same path, but in the opposite direction, and the linear part contains the optical circuit of an open and / or closed interferometer for a security fiber optic detector cic, containing an open and / or closed loop, forming a reflection signal, in which the same lengths of optical fibers of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, while the change in the magnitude of the reflection signal is recorded , corresponding to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive elements, and the said optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting in an optical circuit of the required length of the spare cores of the fiber-optic cable. Optionally, the open interferometer is a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the closed interferometer is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer or a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the sensitive elements for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of the said detector.

[77] Described with reference to FIG. 1-5 fiber-optic security detectors and their aspects can be used to organize a guarded line or perimeter. Most typically, such a perimeter contains: a guarded area (guarded space or guarded object), access to which is limited, and unauthorized access is subject to identification, including by means of a fiber-optic security detector, the linear part of which is installed on some kind of fence, including number, made with the possibility of detecting undermining (with an additional anti-undermining barrier, as will be described in detail below with reference to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8); and, optionally, any movable structures, for example, but not limited to gates, wickets, hatches. Most typically, said linear portions, or at least sensing portions thereof, described with reference to FIG. 1-5 are placed on the fence elements. Most typically, said linear portions, or at least sensing portions thereof, described with reference to FIG. 1-5 can be buried. Most typically, dynamic fiber optic detectors or some of their elements, or end fiber optic sensors or some of their elements are placed on said movable structures.

[78] As will be shown next with reference to FIG. 6, for the assembly and / or installation of any linear part of any fiber-optic burglar detector described with reference to any of FIGS. 1-5, a container device can be used to assemble a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector. Thus, it is proposed to install the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector at the factory and mount the finished linear part of the product in the manufacturing process on an intermediate carrier - a container, preferably, but not limited to, made in the form of a box consisting of a base and a cover. Preferably, but not limited to, a rotating drum is mounted within the base of the box. Preferably, but not limited to, there is a gap between the walls of the base of the box and the walls of the drum for mounting optical elements on the walls of the drum. Preferably, but not limited to, the transport part of the optical circuit and the sensing elements are wound on the drum, optionally with the initial part of the required length being brought out to the side wall of the drum and fixed to it for the purpose of carrying out control measurements and mounting couplings. Preferably, but not limited to, the sidewalls of the drum are secured with the couplings with the necessary supply of cable for installation inside the coupling. Installation and adjustment of the product is carried out sequentially in accordance with the order of assembly of the optical circuit, preferably, not limited to, from the point of connection with the reflectometer and further according to the scheme. In a highly branched arrangement, the linear portion is preferably, but not limited to, sub-divided and assembled into different container devices. In the transport position, rotation of the drum is not necessarily blocked by latches. The installation of the linear part on the object is preferably, but not limited to, carried out with a vehicle equipped with a crane manipulator. Preferably, the installation of the linear part on the object is carried out in the reverse sequence, unwinding the elements of the optical circuit of the product from the drum in the required number and fixing them on the fence or laying them in the ground in accordance with the specified requirements. Preferably, but not limited to, the technological reserves of the transport part and the sensitive elements of the cable are coiled and secured to the fence. A feature of the container device is the ability to access the main elements of the optical scheme during the manufacture of the product and further support. Preferably, but not limited to, the box cover provides maximum depth of access to the optical components of the product and free release of the cable and couplings from the drum. Preferably, but not limited to, all elements of the optical circuit of the device are fixed to the side walls of the drum and rotate with it. Preferably, but not limited to, the fiber-optic cable is wound on a drum, and at the joints with the sleeves, the cable is cut with a technological margin and led out to the outer side of the drum through the slots, while the cut end of the cable and the beginning of the next cable segments are marked and mounted in the connector in in accordance with the optical scheme and stacked on the side wall of the drum, secured together with the sleeve, the continuation of the next cable lengths is brought into the inside of the drum and continues to be wound on the drum until it branches to the next sleeve. Preferably, but not limited to, the container device allows the production of a finished product for perimeters with a range of 500 m to 5000 m or more under normal (factory) conditions with full quality control in conjunction with application software and transfer the product to the consumer for independent use. Preferably, but not limited to, the tooling of the container device can be used multiple times.

[79] As shown in FIG. 6, a container device 600 for assembling a linear portion for a fiber optic burglar detector, preferably, but not limited to, is a container 601 with a lid 602 containing a base 603 with an axis of rotation on which a rotating drum 604 is attached, on which a fiber optic cable is wound 605 of the linear part of the security fiber optic detector, and the drum 604 contains means for attaching the said linear part to its side walls of the coupling 606. Preferably, but not limited to, the base 603 is configured to mount the pivot drum 604 and rotate the drum 604 within the base 603, with the height of the base 603 allowing the visible top of the optics mounted drum 603 to be maximized. Preferably, but not limited to, between the ends of the drum 604 and the walls of the base 603 on the axis of rotation there are stops 607, for example, but not limited to, in the form of discs or bars, limiting the movement of the drum 604 along the axis of rotation. Preferably, but not limited to, the reel 604 is configured to provide an allowable bend radius for the optical fiber cable. Preferably, but not limited to, the sidewalls of the reel 604 are slotted to guide the fiber optic cable out onto the outside of the reel 604 and back in. Preferably, but not limited to, the sidewalls of the drum 604 are configured to allow free rotation of the drum 604 on the axis of rotation. Preferably, but not limited to, the sidewalls of the reel 604 are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the reel 604 with a height no greater than the clearance between the side wall of the base 603 and the corresponding wall of the reel 604. Preferably, but not limited to, the container the device 600 is made with the possibility of repeated use, for which, for example, the possibility of removing the drum for winding the linear part of another detector on it is provided.

[80] Thus, as a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a container with a lid containing a base with an axis of rotation on which a rotating drum on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is wound, and the drum contains means for fixing the said linear part on its side walls of the coupling. Optionally, the base is configured to mount the drum with an axis of rotation and allow the drum to rotate within the base, with the height of the base allowing the maximum visible top of the drum with the optics installed. Optionally, stops are made between the ends of the drum and the walls of the base on the axis of rotation, limiting the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the container device is reusable by allowing the drum to be removed to wind the linear portion of another detector around it.

[81] Thus, as another container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a container with a lid containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which a rotating drum, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is wound, the drum contains means for fixing the connecting sleeve of the said linear part on its side walls, and the said connecting sleeve contains the splitters of the Michelson interferometer and the splitters of the Maha interferometer located therein Zehnder. Optionally, the base is configured to mount the drum with an axis of rotation and allow the drum to rotate within the base, with the height of the base allowing the maximum visible top of the drum with the optics installed. Optionally, stops are made between the ends of the drum and the walls of the base on the axis of rotation, limiting the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the container device is reusable by allowing the drum to be removed to wind the linear portion of another detector around it.

[82] Thus, as another container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a container with a lid containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which a rotating drum on which the fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is wound, and the drum contains means for attaching the said linear part to its side walls of the coupling, and the said coupling contains the splitters of the Michelson interferometer placed therein. Optionally, the base is configured to mount the drum with an axis of rotation and allow the drum to rotate within the base, with the height of the base allowing the maximum visible top of the drum with the optics installed. Optionally, stops are made between the ends of the drum and the walls of the base on the axis of rotation, limiting the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the container device is reusable by allowing the drum to be removed to wind the linear portion of another detector around it.

[83] Thus, as another container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a container with a lid containing a base with an axis of rotation on which a rotating drum on which the fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is wound, and the drum contains means for attaching the said linear part to its side walls of the coupling, and the said coupling contains the splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer placed therein. Optionally, the base is configured to mount the drum with an axis of rotation and allow the drum to rotate within the base, with the height of the base allowing the maximum visible top of the drum with the optics installed. Optionally, stops are made between the ends of the drum and the walls of the base on the axis of rotation, limiting the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the container device is reusable by allowing the drum to be removed to wind the linear portion of another detector around it.

[84] Thus, as another container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a container with a lid containing a base with an axis of rotation on which a rotating drum, on which the fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is wound, the drum contains means for fixing the said linear part on its side walls, and the said coupling contains the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and the splitters of the Maha interferometer located therein Zehnder. Optionally, the base is configured to mount the drum with an axis of rotation and allow the drum to rotate within the base, with the height of the base allowing maximum exposure of the visible top of the drum with the optical elements installed. Optionally, stops are made between the ends of the drum and the walls of the base on the axis of rotation, limiting the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the container device is reusable by allowing the drum to be removed to wind the linear portion of another detector around it.

[85] Thus, as another container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a container with a lid containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which a rotating drum on which the fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is wound, and the drum contains means for attaching the said linear part to its side walls, the said coupling containing the splitters of the Michelson interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer located therein. Optionally, the base is configured to mount the drum with an axis of rotation and allow the drum to rotate within the base, with the height of the base allowing maximum exposure of the visible top of the drum with the optical elements installed. Optionally, stops are made between the ends of the drum and the walls of the base on the axis of rotation, limiting the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the container device is reusable by allowing the drum to be removed to wind the linear portion of another detector around it.

[86] Taking into account the use of the optical delay lines described in this document, as another container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a container with a lid, containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which a rotating drum is fixed, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the detector of a security fiber-optic is wound, and the drum contains means for fixing the connector on its side walls of the said linear part, and the said connector contains an optical line delays for the detector of the security fiber-optic, made by connecting the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable into the optical circuit of the required length. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the sensitive elements for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of the said detector.

[87] Thus, as a drum of a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a drum of a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is an axially rotatable drum on which is wound fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the drum contains means for fixing the said linear part on its side walls of the coupling. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the side walls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the side wall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the drum is adapted to be removed from the container device for winding a linear part of another detector on it or replacing it with another drum with a linear part of another detector.

[88] Thus, as another drum of the container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a drum of a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is an axially rotatable drum on which is wound fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the drum contains means for fixing the said linear part on its side walls, the said couplings contain the splitters of the Michelson interferometer and the splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer located therein. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the side walls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the side wall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the drum is adapted to be removed from the container device for winding a linear part of another detector on it or replacing it with another drum with a linear part of another detector.

[89] Thus, as another drum of the container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a drum of a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is an axially rotatable drum on which is wound fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the drum contains means for attaching the said linear part to its side walls, the said coupling containing the splitters of the Michelson interferometer located therein. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the side walls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the side wall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the drum is adapted to be removed from the container device for winding a linear part of another detector on it or replacing it with another drum with a linear part of another detector.

[90] Thus, as another drum of the container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a drum of a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is an axially rotatable drum on which is wound fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the drum contains means for fixing the said linear part on its side walls of the coupling, and the said coupling contains the splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer located therein. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the side walls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the side wall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the drum is removable from the container device for winding the linear part of another detector thereon.

[91] Thus, as another drum of the container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a drum of a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is an axially rotatable drum on which is wound fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the drum contains means for fixing the said linear part on its side walls, the said couplings containing the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and the splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer located therein. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the side walls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the side wall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the drum is adapted to be removed from the container device for winding a linear part of another detector on it or replacing it with another drum with a linear part of another detector.

[92] Thus, as another drum of the container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a drum of a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is an axially rotatable drum on which is wound fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the drum contains means for fixing the said linear part on its side walls of the coupling, and the said coupling contains the splitters of the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer located therein. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the sidewalls of the drum are configured to allow free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation. Optionally, the side walls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplings to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the clearance between the side wall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum. Optionally, the drum is adapted to be removed from the container device for winding a linear part of another detector on it or replacing it with another drum with a linear part of another detector.

[93] Taking into account the optical delay lines described in this document, as another drum of the container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a drum of a container device for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is configured rotation on the axis of the drum, on which the fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is wound, the drum contains means for attaching the said linear part to its side walls, and the said coupling contains an optical delay line for the security fiber-optic detector , made by connecting to the optical circuit of the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the sensitive elements for the said detector. Optionally, the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of the said detector.

[94] Thus, as a method of mounting a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, a method of installing a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector is declared, in which the installation is carried out using a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber-optic security detector, representing is a container with a lid, containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which a rotating drum is fixed, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is wound, and the drum contains means for fixing the said linear part on its side walls of the coupling, for which in the reverse order, unwind the elements of the optical circuit in the required amount and fix them along the perimeter of the controlled area. Optionally, stops are made between the ends of the drum and the walls of the base on the axis of rotation, limiting the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation. Optionally, the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable. Optionally, slots are made on the side walls of the drum to lead the fiber optic cable out to the outside of the drum wall and back in. Optionally, the container device is reusable by allowing the drum to be removed to wind the linear portion of another detector around it. Optionally, said coupler contains Michelson interferometer splitters and Mach-Zehnder interferometer splitters located therein. Optionally, said coupler contains Michelson interferometer splitters disposed therein. Optionally, said coupling has Mach-Zehnder interferometer splitters disposed therein. Optionally, said coupler contains Sagnac interferometer splitters and Mach-Zehnder interferometer splitters disposed therein. Optionally, said coupler contains Michelson interferometer splitters and Sagnac interferometer splitters located therein.

[95] The previously described linear parts are preferably mounted on the fences of the guarded line. As shown in FIG. 7 and 8, preferably, but not limited to, such fences 700, 800 are various mesh or other fences, most typically being a structure of support posts 701, 801 anchored to some foundation (for example, but not limited to concrete or pile) 702 , 802 between which a mesh web 703 is stretched or strands of barbed wire 803 are stretched. Preferably, but not limited to, said fences, including, but not limited to, mesh fences and barbed wire, are fences corresponding to GOST R 57278-2016 "Protective fences. Classification. General Provisions ", and thus refer to reinforced barbed tape (ACL), reinforced twisted barbed tape, spiral safety barrier, flat safety barrier, engineering means of physical protection, barbed wire, anti-ram barriers, other fences, of any classes, but not limited to, protective , main, additional, warning, stationary or rapidly deployable (wearable and / or transportable), solid, sectional, deaf, viewed, with a rigid deaf canvas; with a rigid lattice cloth; with a flexible web of wire and / or mesh and / or AKL spiral; with a combined canvas representing any combination of the above webs; with a point (pile, screw support, tubular driven support) and / or strip foundation; made of, but not limited to, concrete and / or reinforced concrete and / or brick and / or metal and / or wood and / or polymeric material, and / or any combination thereof. Preferably, but not limited to, a pommel 704, 804 with additional strands of barbed wire is also extended between the support posts 701, 801. Preferably, but not limited to, the fence 700, 800 is further provided with a mesh 705, 805 stretched in the ground, preferably a part of the mesh web that prevents digging. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitive elements 706 of the linear part of the security fiber optic detector are placed on the mesh web 703 along a curved sinusoidal trajectory in one or more lines, thus providing additional connectivity of the elements of the mesh web 703, which excludes the possibility of unauthorized violation of the protected perimeter by partial elimination mesh fencing. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensing elements 806 of the linear part of the security fiber optic detector are placed on a linear fence formed by the strands of barbed wire 803 also along a sinusoidal path in one or more lines, thus providing connectivity between the strands of the barbed wire, which eliminates the possibility of unauthorized violation the protected perimeter by partially eliminating the barbed wire. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensing elements 706, 806 of the linear part of the security fiber optic detector are placed on the top 704, 804 of the fence formed by additional strands of barbed wire also along a sinusoidal path in one or more lines, thus ensuring the connection between the strands of the barbed wire, which excludes the possibility of unauthorized violation of the protected perimeter by partially eliminating the barbed wire or overcoming the perimeter from above. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitive elements 706, 806 of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector are placed on the anti-burial grid 705, 805 of the fence, which excludes the possibility of unauthorized violation of the protected perimeter by digging under the fence. Preferably, but not limited to, in the absence of an anti-burial grid, the sensitive elements 706, 806 of the linear part of the security fiber optic detector are placed between the foundations 702, 802 of the pillars at the depth of the highest probability of physical impact on the sensitive element, which excludes the possibility of unauthorized violation of the protected perimeter by digging under the fence. Said mesh fence and / or linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire are hereinafter also referred to as "discontinuous obstacle". Moreover, such a discontinuous obstacle, as a rule, is predominantly non-rigid, that is, individual elements of such a fence can be damaged or destroyed by the intruder without significant efforts. By way of example, and not limitation, the obstacle between the posts is not a mesh or barbed wire fence, but is predominantly a solid obstacle such as a picket fence or solid fence, in which case the fence contains said pommel, on where the sensing element is located.

[96] Thus, as a variant of the fence, a fence with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a mesh web stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, and the mesh web contains a sensitive element of the security fiber-optic detector, placed along the mesh web along a curved trajectory, providing additional connectivity of the mesh elements. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.

[97] Thus, as another version of the fence, a fence with a linear part of a fiber-optic burglar detector is declared, which is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, and the linear fence contains a sensitive element of a fiber-optic burglar detector located along a linear fence along a curvilinear trajectory, ensuring the cohesion of the threads of the barbed wire. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.

[98] Thus, as another version of the fence, a fence with a linear part of a fiber-optic burglar detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations containing a pommel stretched between them, formed by threads of barbed wire, and the pommel contains a sensitive a fiber-optic burglar detector element, placed along the pommel along a curved trajectory, ensuring the cohesion of the barbed wire threads. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the obstacle is a mesh fabric. Optionally, the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire. Optionally, the obstacle is predominantly a solid obstacle.

[99] Thus, as a variant of a fence with a tunnel detection tool, a fence with a tunnel detection tool with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations containing a mesh stretched between them in the ground , on which the sensitive element of the linear part of the detector of the security fiber optic is located. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the obstacle is a mesh fabric. Optionally, the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire. Optionally, the obstacle is predominantly a solid obstacle.

[100] Thus, as another version of the fence with a tunnel detection tool, a fence with a tunnel detection tool with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, between which in the ground at a depth the most likely to be physically disturbed, the sensitive element of the linear part of the detector of the security fiber-optic will be extended. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the obstacle is a mesh fabric. Optionally, the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire. Optionally, the obstacle is predominantly a solid obstacle.

[101] Thus, as a method of fixing the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector on the fence, a method of fixing the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector on the fence is declared, in which the sensitive element of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is fixed on the obstacle as part of the fence along the curved trajectory, providing vibration sensitivity and connectivity of obstacle elements among themselves. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the obstacle is a mesh fabric. Optionally, the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire.

[102] Thus, a fence with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared as another fence, which is a fence formed by a discontinuous obstacle stretched between pillars installed on the foundations, and the discontinuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of a fiber-optic security detector located along the discontinuous an obstacle along a curved trajectory, providing vibration sensitivity and additional connectivity of the elements of a discontinuous obstacle, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 1.

[103] Thus, a fence with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared as another fence, which is a fence formed by a discontinuous obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, and the discontinuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of the fiber-optic security detector located along the discontinuous an obstacle along a curved trajectory, providing vibration sensitivity and additional connectivity of the elements of a discontinuous obstacle, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 2.

[104] Thus, a fence with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared as another fence, which is a fence formed by a discontinuous obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, and the discontinuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of the fiber-optic security detector located along the discontinuous an obstacle along a curved trajectory, providing vibration sensitivity and additional connectivity of the elements of a discontinuous obstacle, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 3.

[105] Thus, a fence with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared as another fence, which is a fence formed by a discontinuous obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, and the discontinuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of the fiber-optic security detector located along the discontinuous an obstacle along a curved trajectory, providing vibration sensitivity and additional connectivity of the elements of a discontinuous obstacle, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 4.

[106] Thus, a fence with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared as another fence, which is a fence formed by a discontinuous obstacle stretched between pillars installed on the foundations, and the discontinuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of a fiber-optic security detector located along the discontinuous an obstacle along a curved trajectory, providing vibration sensitivity and additional connectivity of the elements of a discontinuous obstacle, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 5.

[107] Thus, as another fence with a tunnel detection means, a fence with a tunnel detection means with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, between which in the ground at a depth of greatest probability of physical impact, the sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is extended, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 1. Optionally, said sensing element is attached to a mesh stretched between the posts in the ground.

[108] Thus, as another fence with a tunnel detection means, a fence with a tunnel detection means with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, between which in the ground at a depth of the greatest probability of physical impact, the sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is extended, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 2. Optionally, said sensing element is attached to a mesh stretched between the posts in the ground.

[109] Thus, as another fence with a tunnel detection means, a fence with a tunnel detection means with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, between which in the ground at a depth of the greatest probability of physical impact, the sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is extended, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 3. Optionally, said sensing element is attached to a mesh stretched between the posts in the ground.

[110] Thus, as another fence with a tunnel detection means, a fence with a tunnel detection means with the linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, between which in the ground at a depth of greatest probability of physical impact, the sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is extended, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 4. Optionally, said sensing element is attached to a mesh stretched between the posts in the ground.

[111] Thus, as another fence with a tunnel detection means, a fence with a tunnel detection means with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, between which in the ground at a depth of greatest probability of physical impact, the sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is extended, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 5. Optionally, said sensing element is attached to a mesh stretched between the posts in the ground.

[112] Thus, as another variant of the fence, a fence with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a fence formed by a discontinuous obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, and the discontinuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of the security fiber-optic detector located along discontinuous obstacle along a curved trajectory, ensuring the connectivity of the elements of the discontinuous obstacle, and the said detector contains a hardware delay line, which is an optical delay line, made by connecting the required length of fiber-optic cable reserve cores into an optical circuit. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the obstacle is a mesh fabric. Optionally, the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire.

[113] Thus, as another version of the fence with a tunnel detection means, a fence with a tunnel detection means with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, between which in the ground at a depth the most probable physical impact, the sensitive element of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is stretched, and the hardware delay line is used as part of the optical circuit of the security fiber-optic detector, made by connecting to the optical circuit of the required length of the backup cores of the fiber-optic cable. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber-optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, the obstacle is a mesh fabric. Optionally, the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire. Optionally, said sensitive element is fixed to a mesh stretched between the posts in the ground.

[114] Some of the linear portions described with reference to FIG. 1-5 fiber-optic security detectors, as well as other devices that use sensitive elements or transport parts in the form of fiber-optic and other cables, can be laid in the ground. The main requirement for laying any cable in the ground is to ensure that the fiber-optic cable is in close contact with the ground and to reduce the waiting time for natural soil compaction around the cable, depending on weather conditions. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitive elements of the linear part of the detector of the security fiber optic, as well as the transport parts, can be laid in the ground. In this case, when laying in the ground, a mechanized laying method can be used. Preferably, but not limited to, such a mechanized laying method is carried out using a cable-laying machine with a V-plow (V-plow), described, for example, in the article by FR Sadykov, et al. "Modern drainage systems", magazine Polymer pipes No. 4 ( 50), November 2015, hereby incorporated herein by reference. Preferably, but not limited to, said cable-laying machine is a Komatsu D65P V-plow Bulldozer drainage machine or the like. Preferably, but not limited to, the unwinding device is fixed on the V-shaped plow of the drainage machine, or on the body of the drainage machine, for example, without being limited, in a manner similar to the installation of the unwinding device for the cable layer TM10.00 GST15 KVG-280 (as indicated by the URL: http : //web.archive.org/web/20200120005256/http: //tm10.ru/catalog/kabel/kvg280/, included in this description by reference), on which a rotating reel with a fiber optic cable is installed, for example, not limited to the drum previously described with reference to FIG. 6. Preferably, but not limited to, prior to the start of installation, the cable is inserted into the conduit of the flexible linear products of the cable-laying machine into the lower zone of the V-plow and fixed to the ground, after which the cable-layer begins to move along the predetermined trajectory of cable placement. Preferably, but not limited to, water is additionally fed into the cable entry channel to provide better ground contact of the cable. Preferably, but not limited to, at the end of paving, said plow is raised, thereby releasing the cable. Preferably, but not limited to, the subsequent ramming is performed by the cable manager using the cable manager's own weight. Preferably, but not limited to, water is additionally fed into the cable entry channel to provide better ground contact of the cable. By way of example, and not limitation, a V-shaped plow is a stand-alone device implemented, for example, as a trailer or attachment for installation on a non-specialized power tool.

[115] Thus, another reel is a reel for mechanized placement of fiber optic cable in the ground, containing a fiber optic cable configured to be installed on the unwinding device of the cable layer with a V-plow.

[116] Thus, a V-shaped plow for use with a mechanized cable-laying device is declared as a plow for a mechanized cable-laying device, configured with the possibility of attaching an unwinding device to it for mounting a reel with a fiber-optic cable thereon for mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground.

[117] Thus, as a mechanized cable layer, a mechanized cable layer with an input channel for flexible linear products and a V-shaped plow is declared, made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it for installing a reel with a fiber-optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in priming.

[118] Thus, as a method of mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground, a method of mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground is declared, in which a mechanized cable-layer with an input channel for flexible linear products and V- a shaped plow made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it for installing a reel with a fiber-optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground.

[119] Thus, as another method of mechanized laying of fiber-optic cable in the ground, a method of mechanized laying of fiber-optic cable in the ground is claimed, in which a V-shaped plow similar to a V-shaped plow is used to lay the fiber-optic cable in the ground a mechanized cable-laying machine, made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it for installing a reel with a fiber-optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground.

[120] Thus, as another method of mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground, a method of mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground is claimed, in which, before the start of laying, the cable is inserted into the input channel of the flexible linear products of the cable layer with the input channel of the flexible linear products and With a V-shaped plow into the lower zone of the V-shaped plow and attached to the ground, after which they move with the cable layer along a given trajectory for laying the cable. Optionally, during the installation process, additional water is added to the cable entry channel to ensure better contact of the cable with the ground. Optionally, subsequent ramming is performed by the cable manager using the cable manager's own weight.

[121] Thus, as another fiber-optic security detector, a fiber-optic security detector is declared, the linear part of which is laid in the ground in a mechanized way, in which a mechanized cable-layer with an input channel for flexible linear products is used to lay the fiber-optic cable in the ground and A V-shaped plow made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it for installing a reel with a fiber-optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground. Optionally, the fiber-optic security detector contains a hardware delay line made by connecting the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit of the required length. Optionally, the fiber-optic burglar detector contains the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the fiber-optic burglar detector contains in its composition the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the fiber-optic burglar detector contains the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, a fiber-optic burglar detector contains optical circuits of a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, a fiber-optic burglar detector contains optical circuits of a Sagnac interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, a fiber-optic burglar detector contains optical circuits of a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.

[122] Thus, as another linear part, a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, characterized by the fact that it is laid in the ground in a mechanized way, in which a mechanized cable-layer with an input channel for flexible linear products is used to lay the fiber-optic cable in the ground and A V-shaped plow made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it for installing a reel with a fiber-optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground. Optionally, the fiber-optic security detector contains a hardware delay line made by connecting the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit of the required length. Optionally, the fiber-optic burglar detector contains the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the fiber-optic burglar detector contains in its composition the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the fiber-optic burglar detector contains the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, a fiber-optic burglar detector contains optical circuits of a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, a fiber-optic burglar detector contains optical circuits of a Sagnac interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, a fiber-optic burglar detector contains optical circuits of a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.

[123] Thus, a method of creating a guarded line using a fiber-optic security detector can be provided, in which a guarded perimeter is erected by laying the linear part of a fiber-optic security detector in the ground using a method of mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable, in which of a fiber-optic cable into the ground, a mechanized cable-layer is used with an input channel for flexible linear products and a V-shaped plow made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it for installing a reel with a fiber-optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable into the ground.

[124] Thus, a method of creating a guarded line using a fiber-optic security detector can be provided, in which a guarded perimeter is erected by laying the linear part of a security fiber-optic detector in the ground using a method of mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground, in which for laying the fiber-optic cable in the ground, a V-shaped plow is used, similar to the V-shaped plow of a mechanized cable-laying machine, made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it for installing a reel with a fiber-optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground.

[125] In some other cases, laying the fiber optic cable into the ground using a vertically positioned plow such as the TM10.00 GST15 KVG-280 Vertical Cable Layer Plow, which was described earlier, may be used. With this mechanized method of laying a fiber-optic cable into the ground by means of a vertically located plow, in the ground after the passage of the plow in the lower part there remains an unclosed area of the soil associated with squeezing out to the sides of the soil during the passage of the plow, and the specified area of soil at a depth of about 400 mm does not closes even when the tractor passes over the cable line. In the presence of such a cavity at the place where the cable is laid in straight sections, the contact of the cable with the ground is not tight and the sensitivity of the cable decreases. In the proposed method of laying the cable, the trajectory of laying the cable should be made along a curved trajectory with alternating changes in the direction of the radius 902 of the bend of the trajectory 901 (Fig. 9). In this case, the presence of cable tension in the process of mechanized laying leads to pressing the cable to the inner surface of the cable laying path. The proposed method of laying the sensitive element in the ground immediately provides a tight contact of the cable with the ground and eliminates the hanging of the cable in the soil cavities. The main advantage of the proposed method of mechanized laying in the ground of fiber-optic cable is laying the cable at a given depth with permissible deviations in height and coordinates. Another advantage is ensuring that the fiber optic cable is in close contact with the ground. Another advantage is the absence of air voids in the place of the cable run after the completion of mechanized laying. Another advantage is the acceleration of putting the sensitive element of the system into operation, since in this case there is no need to wait for the natural sedimentation of the soil. The proposed method for mechanized laying in the ground of fiber-optic signaling cable of the sensitive element of the system for protecting extended perimeters is performed using a tractor with vertical attachments (plow) with a channel for introducing flexible linear products into the lower zone of the plow. An unwinding device is mounted on the tractor, on which a reel with a fiber optic cable is attached, for example, but not limited to, described with reference to FIG. 6. Before starting work, the cable is inserted into the inlet channel and attached to the ground, after which the tractor begins to move along a predetermined route, ensuring the movement of the plow along a curved path. Before the end of paving, the plow is lifted and the cable is released. After laying the cable, the tractor compresses the soil with its own weight, ensuring the closure of the soil above the cable.

[126] Thus, as another method of mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground, a method of mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable in the ground is claimed, in which, before the start of laying, the cable is inserted into an input channel of flexible linear products of a cable-layer with an input channel of flexible linear products and with a vertical plow and attached to the ground, after which they move by the cable layer along a predetermined curvilinear trajectory of the cable laying, and along the entire path, the direction of the bend radius of the mentioned trajectory is alternately changed.

[127] Thus, as another fiber-optic burglar detector, a fiber-optic burglar detector is declared, the linear part of which is laid in the ground in a mechanized way, in which, before laying, the cable is inserted into the input channel of flexible linear products of the cable layer with the input channel of flexible linear products and by a vertical plow and attached to the ground, after which they move by the cable-laying machine along a predetermined curvilinear path for laying the cable, and along the entire path, the direction of the bend radius of the said path is alternately changed. Optionally, the fiber-optic security detector contains a hardware delay line made by connecting the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit of the required length. Optionally, the fiber-optic burglar detector contains the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, the fiber-optic burglar detector contains in its composition the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer. Optionally, the fiber-optic burglar detector contains the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer. Optionally, a fiber-optic burglar detector contains optical circuits of a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, a fiber-optic burglar detector contains optical circuits of a Sagnac interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Optionally, a fiber-optic burglar detector contains optical circuits of a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.

[128] Thus, a method can be provided for creating a guarded line using a fiber-optic security detector, in which a guarded perimeter is erected by laying the linear part of a fiber-optic security detector in the ground using the method of mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable, in which, before starting When laying the cable, the cable is inserted into the input channel of the flexible linear products of the cable-layer with the channel for the input of flexible linear products and the vertical plow and is attached to the ground, after which the cable-layer moves along a given curvilinear trajectory of the cable laying, and along the entire path, the direction of the bend radius of the mentioned trajectory is alternately changed.

[129] In this case, dynamic optical fiber sensors (DFD), optionally used in conjunction with those described earlier with reference to FIG. 1-5 fiber-optic security detectors. DOD is a sensor, the principle of operation of which is based on the use of the properties of the optical circuit of the device to change the phase difference of the terms of the reflection signals of the energy of the probing pulse depending on the rate of change in the geometric shape of the optical fiber (vibrations) of the sensitive part of the device, which is changed by external vibration action on the structure on which it is fixed sensitive part of the device. A change in the phase difference of the terms of the signals leads to a change in the interference pattern at the output of the optical splitter. Generation and injection of a probe pulse into an optical fiber, collection of information about the value of signals of artificial reflections of the DOD is performed using an OTDR and a fiber-optic cable network branched on splitters. Information processing is performed by a computing device. The range of the DOD is determined by the energy of the probing pulse diverted to the DOD, and can reach tens of kilometers. DOD can be used in security alarm systems to control the impact on the moving and stationary parts of structures, barriers, gates and gates of the perimeters of small and extended areas, impact on the hatch covers of the well space, sensors of the position of the grids of culverts. The use of DOD is allowed in explosive environments, in conditions of 100% humidity, with increased gas content and dust, when working in water, including sewage, in conditions of increased radiation, in conditions excluding the possibility of using electrical devices, in conditions of high-power electromagnetic interference. In this case, the use of DOD does not require electrical energy in the linear part of the device. As shown in FIG. 10, preferably but not limited to, the DOD 1000 comprises a housing 1001, within which is installed an optical fiber coil 1002, which closes the outputs of the optical splitter 1003, which together are the sensitive part of the device. Preferably, but not limited to, a transport part 1004 of the external part of the device is connected to the splitter input, which provides transportation of a part of the energy of the probing pulse to the sensitive part of the device in the forward direction and provides transportation in the opposite direction of the reflection signal modulated by impact on the structure on which the DOD housing is fixed. Preferably, but not limited to, the transport part ensures the delivery of probing pulses in the forward direction to all DODs, dividing the energy of the probing pulse into fractions that provide the formation of reflection signals from each DOD connected to the optical circuit in the optimal range not exceeding the maximum value of the amplitude of the reflection signals at the analog input -digital transducer of the reflectometer, and delivery of reflection signals of the energy of the probing pulses from the DOD in the opposite direction along the same paths of delivery of the probing pulses. Preferably, but not limited to, the division of the probe pulse energy is performed using splitters in any part of the transport part of the optical circuit of the detector, providing multiple and arbitrary connection of the DOD to the branched optical network, taking into account the optimal value of the probe pulse energy delivered to each DOD and the response time. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitive part of the DOD is made of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed with each other by an optical fiber coil and form a closed loop for generating a reflection signal. Preferably, but not limited to, the presence of a coil in the DOD provides optical amplification of the phase difference of the reflection signals and the interference pattern at the output. Preferably, but not limited to, the DOD coil is structurally not rigidly fixed in the device body, ensuring that vibrations are transmitted from the body to all the fibers of the coil. Preferably, but not limited to, the DOD coil is wound in the form of a coil without a bobbin with a diameter that ensures the passage of the probe pulse without significant attenuation of the probe pulse signal, and the number of turns of the coil provides a sufficient delay in the passage of the probe pulse signal, depending on the dynamic characteristic of the intended effect on the structure and the properties of the structure itself ... Preferably, but not limited to, the reflection signals from all devices are formed at the input of the receiving device as a result of the passage of the probing pulse fractions along the closed optical ring in the opposite direction through the branched optical network of the detector, on the branches of which the DOD is located. Preferably, but not limited to, the required value of the branching power to the DOD is significantly less than the initial value of the power at the output of the reflectometer and depends on the characteristics of the emitter, the sensitivity of the OTDR receiving device and the distance of the DOD from the measuring device, which allows multiple branches to the DOD to be placed on one transport cable. Preferably, but not limited to, the value of the branching power for each DOD, according to the principle of operation of the device, can differ from one another several times without impairing the operation of the device, which makes it possible to use taps with both a wide branching range and a series of the same type. Preferably, but not limited to, the power of the returned signal at the input of the receiver is typically not greater than the saturation limits for the applicable receiver and is not less than an acceptable level comparable to the noise level. Preferably, but not limited to, dynamically exceeding the reflected power value of the saturation limits of the receiver does not interfere with the operation of the device. At the same time, the construction of a multipoint optical circuit for returning signals from the DOD allows for the most efficient operation of the device with low energy losses of signals returning to the receiving device, providing the maximum number of sensors on one line of the device with a point placement of sensors. In this case, when designing the system, it is preferable to take into account the duration of the probe pulse, as well as the linear dimensions of the coil and transport cable, which is preferable to prevent competition (overlap) of the returned signals in time. Preferably, but not limited to, control of the competition of the returned signals over time is performed as needed either by the coil length or by optical delay lines as previously described with reference to FIG. 1-5 optical delay lines made by connecting redundant cores of a fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit, or by correction coils consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.

[130] Preferably, but not limited to, DOD operates as follows. The DOD operation is based on the reflectometric measurement method and the method using the Sagnac interferometer. The probe pulse of the reflectometer passes through the transport part of the fiber-optic circuit of the device and splitters, which provide a reduction in the energy of the probing pulse fractions to the sensitive part of each DOD. At the splitter input of the sensitive part of the DOD, the probe pulse is divided into two parts, and then these parts follow along the fibers of the coil in the opposite direction along the entire length of the coil. After the pulses have passed through the coil, the two separated pulses are added again on the splitter. When the signals are added, an interference addition of two signals occurs and the value of this signal at the splitter output will depend on the phase difference of the signal terms, the value of which depends on the initial actual phase difference associated with a specific installation of the optical circuit of the device and its components. When exposed to the DOD, the phase difference changes in accordance with the force of the impact and the speed of vibration of the structure caused by this impact. As a result of structure vibrations, the value of the output signal changes, modulated by structure vibrations. Reflection signals arrive at the input of the receiving device sequentially in time, starting with the closest DODs in distance, the value of this delay for each DOD is different and characterizes its address. The computing device, on the basis of the data received, determines the nature of the impact on the structure, the time and strength of the impact, and in case of exceeding the set values, it generates an alarm signal.

[131] Thus, as a sensitive element of a dynamic optical fiber sensor, a sensitive element of a dynamic optical fiber sensor is declared, formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed among themselves by the said coil and form a closed loop that generates a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to be connected to the transport part of the fiber-optic security detector. Optionally, the coil is designed so that the vibrations of the transducer body are transmitted to all fibers of the coil. Optionally, the coil is not rigidly fixed to the sensor body. Optionally, the coil is wound in a coil without a bobbin with a diameter that allows the probe pulse to pass without significantly attenuating the probe pulse signal. Optionally, the number of turns of the coil provides sufficient propagation delay for the probe pulse signal. Optionally, the sensing element provides control over the competition of the returned signals over time by the length of the coil, or by the optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is made by connecting the spare cores of a fiber-optic cable to an optical circuit, or made by a correction coil consisting of a single-type optical fiber of the required length.

[132] Thus, as a dynamic optical fiber sensor (DOD) housing, a dynamic optical fiber sensor housing is claimed, configured to accommodate a sensor sensor formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed between each other by the said coil and form a closed loop, generating a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to be connected to the transport part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the coil is placed in the housing so that the vibrations of the sensor housing are transmitted to all the fibers of the coil. Optionally, the coil is not rigidly fixed to the sensor body. Optionally, the coil is wound in a coil without a bobbin with a diameter that allows the probe pulse to pass without significantly attenuating the probe pulse signal. Optionally, the number of turns of the coil provides sufficient propagation delay for the probe pulse signal. Optionally, the sensing element provides control over the competition of the returned signals over time by the length of the coil, or by the optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is made by connecting the spare cores of a fiber-optic cable to an optical circuit, or made by a correction coil consisting of a single-type optical fiber of the required length.

[133] Thus, a dynamic fiber-optic sensor is declared as a dynamic fiber-optic sensor (DOD), which is a housing capable of being attached to a controlled structure, capable of accommodating a sensor element formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed between with the said coil and form a closed loop that generates a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to be connected to the transport part of the security fiber-optic detector. Optionally, the coil is housed in the housing so that vibrations in the sensor housing are transmitted to all fibers of the coil. Optionally, the coil is not rigidly fixed to the sensor body. Optionally, the coil is wound in a coil without a bobbin with a diameter that allows the probe pulse to pass without significantly attenuating the probe pulse signal. Optionally, the number of turns of the coil provides sufficient propagation delay for the probe pulse signal. Optionally, the sensing element provides control over the competition of the returned signals over time by the length of the coil, or by the optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is made by connecting the spare cores of a fiber-optic cable to an optical circuit, or made by a correction coil consisting of a single-type optical fiber of the required length. Optionally, the sensor provides optical amplification of the phase difference of the reflection signals and the interference pattern at the output.

[134] Thus, as a fence with a movable element with a sensitive element of a dynamic fiber-optic sensor of a security fiber-optic detector placed on it, a fence with a movable element with a sensitive element of a dynamic fiber-optic sensor of a security fiber-optic detector placed on it, which is a fence, containing a movable element made with the possibility of placing on it a body of a dynamic fiber-optic sensor (DOD), and DOD is a sensor containing a housing made with the possibility of placing in it a sensitive element of the sensor formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed among themselves by the mentioned coil and form a closed loop that generates a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to be connected to the transport part of the security fiber-optic detector. Optionally, the coil is housed in the housing so that vibrations in the sensor housing are transmitted to all fibers of the coil. Optionally, the coil is not rigidly fixed to the sensor body. Optionally, the coil is wound in a coil without a bobbin with a diameter that allows the probe pulse to pass without significantly attenuating the probe pulse signal. Optionally, the number of turns of the coil provides sufficient propagation delay for the probe pulse signal. Optionally, the sensing element provides control over the competition of the returned signals over time by the length of the coil, or by the optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is made by connecting the spare cores of a fiber-optic cable to an optical circuit, or made by a correction coil consisting of a single-type optical fiber of the required length. Optionally, the sensor provides optical amplification of the phase difference of the reflection signals and the interference pattern at the output. Optionally, the movable element is a gate. Optionally, the movable element is a gate. Optionally, the movable element is a hatch.

[135] Thus, as a guarded line with a fence with a movable element with a sensitive element of a dynamic fiber-optic sensor of a security fiber-optic detector placed on it, a guarded line is declared containing a fence with a movable element with a sensitive element of a dynamic fiber-optic sensor of a security fiber detector located on it. -optical, which is a fence containing a movable element made with the possibility of placing a body of a dynamic fiber optic sensor (DOD) on it, moreover, DOD is a sensor containing a housing made with the possibility of placing in it a sensitive element of a sensor formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter , the outputs of which are closed to each other by the said coil and form a closed loop that generates a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to be connected to the transport part of the security fiber-optic detector. Optionally, the coil is housed in the housing so that vibrations in the sensor housing are transmitted to all fibers of the coil. Optionally, the coil is not rigidly fixed to the sensor body. Optionally, the coil is wound in a coil without a bobbin with a diameter that allows the probe pulse to pass without significantly attenuating the probe pulse signal. Optionally, the number of turns of the coil provides sufficient propagation delay for the probe pulse signal. Optionally, the sensing element provides control over the competition of the returned signals over time by the length of the coil, or by the optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is made by connecting the spare cores of a fiber-optic cable to an optical circuit, or made by a correction coil consisting of a single-type optical fiber of the required length. Optionally, the sensor provides optical amplification of the phase difference of the reflection signals and the interference pattern at the output. Optionally, the movable element is a gate. Optionally, the movable element is a gate. Optionally, the movable element is a hatch.

[136] Thus, as a signaling method using a dynamic fiber optic sensor of a security fiber optic detector located on a movable element of the fence, a method of signaling using a dynamic fiber optic sensor (DOD) of a security fiber optic detector located on a movable element of the fence is declared. , in which the placement of the DOD body on a movable element of the fence structure is provided, and the DOD is a sensor containing a housing made with the possibility of placing in it a sensitive element of the sensor formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed between each other by the said coil and form a closed loop generating a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to be connected to the transport part of the security fiber optic detector, a probe pulse of the reflectometer of the security detector is supplied th fiber optic through the transport part and the splitter of the detector to the sensitive element of the DOD, divide the probe pulse at the entrance to the DOD into two parts by means of the splitter of the sensing element to direct them along the fibers of the coil in the opposite direction, after passing the parts of the pulse, add them on the said splitter, after which is fed to the input of the reflectometer receiving device and, by means of the computing device, the change in the phase difference of the terms on the said signal splitter is recorded. Optionally, the coil is placed in the housing so that vibrations in the sensor housing are transmitted to all fibers of the coil. Optionally, the coil is not rigidly secured to the sensor body. Optionally, the coil is wound in the form of a coil without a bobbin with a diameter that allows the passage of the probe pulse without significant attenuation of the probe pulse signal. Optionally, a number of turns of the coil are provided to provide sufficient propagation delay for the probe pulse signal. Optionally, the competition of the returned signals is controlled over time by the length of the coil, or by the optical delay line. Optionally, the optical delay line is made by connecting the spare cores of a fiber-optic cable to an optical circuit, or made by a correction coil consisting of a single-type optical fiber of the required length. Optionally, the sensor provides optical amplification of the phase difference of the reflection signals and the interference pattern at the output.

[137] In this case, fiber-optic end sensors (CODEs), optionally used in conjunction with those described earlier with reference to FIG. 1-5 fiber-optic security detectors. The CODE is a sensor, the principle of operation of which is based on the use of the design and properties of an optical fiber to change the transmission capacity for the passage of laser radiation depending on the geometric shape and dimensions of the optical fiber, which is changed by the pusher within the elastic deformations of the optical fiber of the sensitive part at one frequency of laser radiation and maintaining the throughput at the same deformations at a different frequency. Preferably, but not limited to, the collection of information about the positions of the working elements of the sensor is performed using a computing device for information processing, an reflectometer and a splitter-branched fiber-optic cable network. Preferably, but not limited to, the range of the CODE is determined by the level of attenuation of the signal of the probe pulse fed to the CODE, not lower than the required value. Preferably, but not limited to, the CODE can be used in systems remote over long distances, where there are no sources of electrical energy, in security alarm systems, to control the position of gates and gates on the perimeter of small and long areas, the position of manhole covers in the well space, position sensors of culvert grids , signaling the state of walls for destruction and breaks, and the like, including, to be used in explosive environments, in conditions of 100% humidity, increased gas pollution and dust, when working in water, including sewage drains, in conditions of increased radiation, in conditions excluding the possibility of using electrical devices in conditions of high power electromagnetic interference. Preferably, but not limited to, the proposed CODE uses two sources of laser radiation of different frequencies - working and diagnostic. Preferably, but not limited to, the use of the diagnostic laser light is intermittent. At the same time, there is a task of constant monitoring of the CODE serviceability. Preferably, but not limited to, this objective is achieved by providing a CODE adapted to operate with a range switchable OTDR. Preferably, but not limited to, the KOD 2000 contains a housing 2001 with a pusher 2002, providing a change in the position of the rings 2003 of optical fibers of the sensitive part, a sensitive part, which is installed in the KOD body and connected through a splitter 2004 to the transport part 2005 of the security fiber optic detector, providing connection of the KOD to a branched optical network and transportation of laser pulses in the forward and backward directions. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitive part of the sensor is made of a splitter 2004, the outputs of which are connected with each other by an optical fiber of a certain shape and together form a closed loop for generating a reflection signal and a return signal. Preferably, but not limited to, the change in the geometric position of the fibers in the sensitive part of the CODE in the elastic range of deformations due to the change in the position of the working body is such that they lead to a change in the possibility of transmission of reflection signals in the operating frequency range of the laser radiation of the reflectometer and transmit reflection signals in both positions of the working body in the diagnostic the frequency range of laser radiation, providing information with a signal about the health of the optical circuit of the sensor. Preferably, but not limited to, in the claimed solution, the sensitive part of the sensor is a closed loop in the form of several rings with a bend radius in the elastic range of deformations, allowing free passage of the reflection signal of the probing pulse at the operating frequency, and in the second position of the working member, the bend radius of the rings changes in elastic the range of deformations to the shape at which the probe pulse signal is absorbed by parts in the cladding of the optical fiber of the sensitive part of the CODE in places with the smallest radii up to the required minimum value of the reflection signal, while providing the ability to monitor the sensor's health at the diagnostic frequency of laser radiation, that is, a laser pulse of a different frequency continues to go through the rings. Preferably, but not limited to, as shown in FIG. 11, in the claimed solution, the change in the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the KOD sensitive part is made through the rods (holders) 2006 with grips 2007 located on different sides of the rings 2003 of the sensitive element, and one of the holders 2006 is connected to the movable part of the KOD working body (pusher 2002), others with housing base 2001 CODE. Preferably, but not limited to, the grippers 2007 are in the form of a standard heat shrink tubing (weld protection kit) used to secure optical fiber welds, with the length of the standard heat shrink tubing preferably being cut. Preferably, but not limited to, said tube 2007 is preferably inserted into a metal rod 2006, preferably curved, preferably L-shaped, the rod 2006 being fixed by screws 2008 attached to the base of the housing and to the plunger 2002. Preferably, without limitation, as a sensitive of the CODE element, an optical fiber of the G652 standard of all modifications is used (it is allowed to use the fiber of the security fiber-optic cable used in the detector). In this case, preferably without limitation, the geometric dimensions of the rings 2003 and the magnitude of their bends vary in the following ranges: the grip width of the heat-shrinkable tubes is 5 ± 2 mm, the diameter of the turns in the unstressed state in the form of a circle is 20 ± 2 mm. In this case, the technological length of the optical fibers of the leads should preferably be at least 1000 mm and ensure the possibility of welding, their repetition should preferably be at least 4 times, the number of turns - from 8 to 12. In this case, the minimum distance of opposite sides of the rings at maximum compression is preferably is not less than 4 ± 2 mm, the maximum removal of opposite sides during tension should preferably ensure the minimum bending radius of the rings in the attachment zone is not less than 4 ± 1 mm, and the maximum travel of the moving part is no more than 12 ± 2 mm, which, together with the elastic properties of metal rods, ensures a safe manufacturing of the sensor, switching on and further adjustment, including the possibility of continuous monitoring of the sensor's health and performing its main function. By way of example and not limitation, the CODE has two main positions of the sensitive part of the sensor, as shown in FIG. 12 - in the first, the bending radius of the fiber is more than the minimum critical value, and, preferably, but not limited to, the probe pulse and the reflected signal freely move in the fiber core in both directions, and even more so at a diagnostic frequency with a shorter wavelength. In the second main position of the sensitive part of the sensor, the fiber bend radius is less than the critical value at which the probe pulse at the operating wavelength, reaching the fiber bend point, penetrates into the fiber cladding and is absorbed in it, as a result of which a reflection signal is not generated, however, in this case, preferably being limited, a pulse at a diagnostic frequency with a shorter wavelength continues to pass through the rings, creating reflection signals and confirming the correct operation of the sensor. Preferably, but not limited to, in such a CODE design, the absorption of the probe pulse energy during compression of the coil occurs twice in each turn of the elliptical deformation of the optical fiber 2001, which makes it possible to significantly increase the minimum value of the ellipse bend radius at which the probe pulse energy is sufficiently completely absorbed. Preferably, but not limited to, the reflection signals are generated at the input of the device as a result of the passage of the probe pulse in the forward and reverse directions through the branched optical network, on the branches of which the CODE is located. Preferably, but not limited to, the branched optical network acts as a transport and power divider for the probe pulse directed to the CODE. Preferably, but not limited to, the required amount of branch power to the CODE is usually much less than the initial value of the power at the output of the reflectometer and depends on the characteristics of the emitter, the sensitivity of the OTDR receiver and the range of the CODE from the measuring device, which allows multiple branches to be placed on one transport cable. to CODE. Preferably, but not limited to, the amount of branching power for each CODE, according to the principle of operation of the device, can differ from one another several times without impairing the operation of the device, which allows the use of taps with a wide branching range. Preferably, but not limited to, the power of the returned signal at the input of the receiver is generally not greater than the saturation limits for the applicable receiver and is not lower than an acceptable level comparable to the noise level. Preferably, but not limited to, the reflected power exceeding the saturation limits of the receiving device does not interfere with the operation of the device. Preferably, but not limited to, the main result of collecting information from the CODE is the ratio of the power value of the returned signal in one of the sensor positions to the power value of the returned signal in the other position. Preferably, without limitation, the ratio of the power value of the returned signal in different states of the CODE can reach tens or more times and is considered by the measurement system as discrete signals "there is a signal" or "there is no signal". Preferably, but not limited to, when diagnosing a CODE at a higher frequency of emission, the returned signal is considered by the system as discrete signals "good" or "bad". Preferably, but not limited to, the RCD contains a housing with a lever mechanism that ensures the movement of optical fibers of the sensitive part of the RCD, a piece of fiber-optic transport cable for connecting to a branched optical network and transporting laser pulses in the forward and reverse directions, and a sensitive part, changes in position of which lead to a change in its throughput and reflectivity, moreover, the geometric dimensions of the rings of the sensitive part and the extreme working positions of the pusher of the working body KOD must ensure the transmission of signals of the probing pulse in one of the positions of the working body at the operating frequency, blocking the signals of the probing pulse in another position of the working body and at the control frequency, the passage of signals a probing pulse in any state of the working body. Preferably, but not limited to, the CODE is an optomechanical structure, in which, due to a change in the position of the working member of the sensor, the power value of the returned signals changes, for example, the structure, the closest analogue described in patent RU 172554, included in this description by reference, with the exception of other designs of grips and holders, as described in this document. The use of rods with heat shrink tubes as grips instead of double heat shrink tubes significantly simplifies the process of manufacturing the sensor, and also provides the possibility of flexible adjustment of the operating mode of the sensor, due to the fact that the rods can be adjusted by means of screws. Preferably, but not limited to, the change in the position of the working body is performed by acting on the elements of the working body. Preferably, but not limited to, the ability of the sensor to change the value of the return pulse is produced by changing the bending radius and orientation of the optical fiber of the sensitive part of the sensor less than the value at which the integrity and elastic properties of the optical fiber are preserved, and the optical beam of the probing pulse at the bending points penetrates the fiber cladding and it is absorbed in it. Preferably, but not limited to, the design of the multi-point optical circuitry for returning the signals from the sensors allows for the most efficient circuitry with low energy losses of the return signals to the receiver, providing the maximum number of sensors on one line of the device. In this case, when constructing the system, preferably without limitation, the duration of the probing pulse, the linear dimensions of the sensitive elements and the transport cable are taken into account. Preferably, but not limited to, optical delay lines as previously described with reference to FIG. 1-5 optical delay lines made by connecting redundant cores of a fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit, or correction coils consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.

[138] Preferably, but not limited to, the CODE operates as follows. Preferably, but not limited to, the operation of the device is based on the following principles: a) obtaining a reflection signal from the end of the line leading to the sensor with sufficient power to reliably identify its location and amount of reflection; b) the ratio of the power of the reflection signal in the state of the maximum throughput of the sensor to the value of the power of the signal of the reflection in the state of the minimum throughput of the sensor and the line should provide an unambiguous determination of the state of the sensor for any indicated values of interference factors affecting the line and the sensor, such as, but not limited to, temperature, pressure, humidity, gas pollution, excess moisture and the like. Preferably, but not limited to, the KOD pusher is placed on any movable element of any fence to be monitored, and the body is placed on a fixed corresponding fence element, for example, but not limited to, a post, a door slope, a wall and the like, so that the pusher is placed in the direction of movement of the movable element of the fence. When the movable element of the fence moves, it presses on the pusher, which in turn, by means of the rods, forces the optical fiber ring of the sensitive part of the sensor to compress, which leads to a change in its geometry to a certain elliptical shape, and therefore the reflection signals stop coming to the splitter and return to the receiver a transceiver device of a fiber-optic security detector, which indicates that the sensor is triggered. At the same time, signals continue to arrive at some other frequency, which indicates that the sensor is working properly. Failure to receive any signals from the sensor splitter indicates its damage and / or malfunction. As shown in FIG. 12 in another embodiment, preferably but not limited to, the CODE contains a sensor sensor made in the form of two sets of optical fiber rings 2003, each set of rings being made with its own grips 2007 - two along the edges on each set of rings 2001 and two in the middle on a common holder 2006. Preferably, but not limited to, the common holder 2006 is fixed by means of screws 2008 on the movable part of the sensor body moved by the working member of the sensor, and the other two holders 2006 are fixed on the fixed part of the body (not shown). Preferably, but not limited to, the distance between the outer grips should ensure that one ring is completely released to the size of a circle and the second ring is compressed to an elliptical shape and vice versa in a different position of the sensor. Preferably, but not limited to, the principle of operation of the sensor is similar to the operation of the sensor in the previous embodiment, except that the reflection signals from different rings of the sensor are in inverse relation to each other, which provides continuous diagnostics of the health of the sensor from the two reflection signals. Preferably, but not limited to, in addition, the state of the sensor can be read by two independent reflectometers taking into account the inversion of the signals. Preferably, but not limited to, the distance between the extreme positions of the grippers should ensure complete release of the rings to the size of a circle and the compression of both rings to the size of an ellipse of the desired shape. Preferably, but not limited to, the operation of the RCD is similar to the operation of the RCD described earlier, except that two independent rings are used, which provides continuous diagnostics of the sensor's health based on the two reflection signals. Preferably, but not limited to, in addition, the state of the sensor can be read by two independent reflectometers. Preferably, but not limited to, the construction of several CODs in a serial chain is provided, which allows using a small part of the power of the probing pulse and delivering the energy of the return signals to the receiving device as efficiently as possible, providing the ability to connect the maximum number of sensors on one line of the device. Preferably, but not limited to, the sensitive part of the CODE in the case of a serial CODE connection is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and connected to a fiber-optic cable without a splitter, and the formation of a single signal about the state of the sensors according to the "OR" logic is provided. Preferably, but not limited to, the splitter and the optical fiber cables of the sensors are installed in the external housing of the optical circuit of the device (coupling), while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors, so that in one of the positions of the object, the rings of all sensors are in the state, allowing the free passage of the probe pulse signal through all sensors and, if the state of the object changes so that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the probe pulse signal is absorbed in the cladding of the optical fiber, the reflection signal at the operating frequency of the laser radiation disappears, but remains at the diagnostic frequency. Preferably, but not limited to, in all versions, the probe pulse from the OTDR passes through the transport part of the optical fiber circuit to the sensitive part of the CODE. Preferably, but not limited to, in one of the positions of the KOD working body, when the fiber bend radii of the sensitive part are more critical values, the laser pulse propagates in the fiber practically without loss. Preferably, but not limited to, in any method of generating a signal in this position of the working member, the reflection signal enters the input of the receiving device, signaling the presence of a reflection signal from a specific sensor, that is, with a certain time delay. Preferably, but not limited to, changing the position of the KOD operating member ensures that the fiber bend radius in the elastic range is less than the value at which the probe pulse, reaching the fiber bend point, begins to penetrate into the fiber cladding and is absorbed therein, as a result of which the signal does not pass through the closed loop. no loop and no reflection. Preferably, but not limited to, when the laser pulse is transmitted in diagnostic mode at a higher frequency (shorter wavelength), the bend radii of the fiber are such that they do not interfere with the passage of the pulse, and reflections are generated, indicating the health of the sensor circuit.

[139] Thus, as an end-of-line fiber-optic sensor, an end-of-line fiber-optic sensor is declared, comprising a housing with a pusher providing a change in the position of the rings of optical fibers of the sensitive part and a sensitive part made of a splitter, the outputs of which are closed with each other by an optical fiber rolled into a ring and together form a closed loop, wherein said ring is connected to said pusher and said body by means of rods that, together with the ring, extend inside the corresponding heat-shrinkable tube. Optionally, the optical fiber ring is configured to change its spatial shape to a state in which, at the first laser frequency, portions of the probe pulses in the optical fiber are absorbed by its cladding, and the reflection signals continue to form at the second laser frequency. Optionally, said heat shrink tubing is a standard welded joint protection kit (SPC). Optionally, said rods are connected, respectively, to the housing and the pusher by means of respective adjusting screws. Optionally, the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the KOD sensitive part is changed through the grips located on different sides of the rings of the sensing element, some of the grips being connected to the moving part of the KOD working body, others - to the base of the KOD body. Optionally, the CODE is configured to adjust the sensor address in the fiber-optic security detector system. Optionally, the sensor address is adjusted by changing the length of the optical delay line or the length of the transport part to the CODE. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made of redundant cores of a fiber-optic cable connected to an optical circuit, or made in the form of a correction coil consisting of a single-type optical fiber of the required length. Optionally, the sensitive part is formed by several optical fibers coiled into different rings, some rings being in a state that allows the probe pulse signal to freely pass through, and the other rings in a state in which the probe pulse signal is absorbed by parts in the optical fiber cladding of the sensitive part in places with the smallest radii to the required minimum value of the reflection signal, while in the second position of the working member, the positions of the rings change to the opposite, providing an inverse state of the reflection signals. Optionally, the sensitive part is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and connected to a fiber-optic cable without a splitter for serial connection of several sensors to each other with the formation of a single signal about the state of the sensors according to the "OR" logic, and the splitter and fiber-optic cables of the sensors are installed in the outer case of the optical circuit of the device, while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors in such a way that in one of the positions of the working element, the rings of all sensors are in a state that allows the free passage of the probe pulse signal through all sensors and, if the state of the object changes so, that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the signal of the probe pulse is absorbed in the cladding of the optical fiber, the reflection signal at the operating frequency of the laser radiation disappears, but remains at the diagnostic frequency.

[140] Thus, as a fiber-optic security detector with an end-to-end fiber-optic sensor, a fiber-optic security detector containing an end-of-line fiber-optic sensor, the pusher of which is located on a movable element of the fence, containing a housing with a pusher, provides a change in the position of the rings of optical fibers of the sensitive part and a sensitive part made of a splitter, the outputs of which are closed with each other by an optical fiber rolled into a ring and together form a closed loop, wherein said ring is connected to said pusher and said body by means of rods that, together with the ring, are extended inside the corresponding heat-shrinkable tube. Optionally, the optical fiber ring is configured to change its spatial shape to a state in which, at the first laser frequency, portions of the probe pulses in the optical fiber are absorbed by its cladding, and the reflection signals continue to form at the second laser frequency. Optionally, said heat shrink tubing is a standard welded joint protection kit (SPC). Optionally, said rods are connected, respectively, to the housing and the pusher by means of respective adjusting screws. Optionally, the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the KOD sensitive part is changed through the grips located on different sides of the rings of the sensing element, some of the grips being connected to the moving part of the KOD working body, others - to the base of the KOD body. Optionally, the CODE is configured to adjust the sensor address in the fiber-optic security detector system. Optionally, the sensor address is adjusted by changing the length of the optical delay line or the length of the transport part to the CODE. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made of redundant cores of a fiber-optic cable connected to an optical circuit, or made in the form of a correction coil consisting of a single-type optical fiber of the required length. Optionally, the sensitive part is formed by several optical fibers coiled into different rings, some rings being in a state that allows the probe pulse signal to freely pass through, and the other rings in a state in which the probe pulse signal is absorbed by parts in the optical fiber cladding of the sensitive part in places with the smallest radii to the required minimum value of the reflection signal, while in the second position of the working member, the positions of the rings change to the opposite, providing an inverse state of the reflection signals. Optionally, the sensitive part is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and connected to a fiber-optic cable without a splitter for serial connection of several sensors to each other with the formation of a single signal about the state of the sensors according to the "OR" logic, and the splitter and fiber-optic cables of the sensors are installed in the outer case of the optical circuit of the device, while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors in such a way that in one of the positions of the working element, the rings of all sensors are in a state that allows the free passage of the probe pulse signal through all sensors and, if the state of the object changes so, that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the signal of the probe pulse is absorbed in the cladding of the optical fiber, the reflection signal at the operating frequency of the laser radiation disappears, but remains at the diagnostic frequency.

[141] Thus, a fence with a movable element with a sensor pusher located on it is declared as a fence with a movable element with an end fiber optic sensor of a fiber-optic detector placed on it, which is an end fiber-optic sensor containing a housing with a pusher that provides a change in position rings of optical fibers of the sensing part and the sensing part made of a splitter, the outputs of which are closed with each other by an optical fiber rolled into a ring and together form a closed loop, and the said ring is connected to the said pusher and the said body by means of rods that, together with the ring, are extended inside the corresponding heat-shrinkable tube. Optionally, the optical fiber ring is configured to change its spatial shape to a state in which, at the first laser frequency, portions of the probe pulses in the optical fiber are absorbed by its cladding, and the reflection signals continue to form at the second laser frequency. Optionally, said heat shrink tubing is a standard welded joint protection kit (SPC). Optionally, said rods are connected, respectively, to the housing and the pusher by means of respective adjusting screws. Optionally, the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the KOD sensitive part is changed through the grips located on different sides of the rings of the sensing element, some of the grips being connected to the moving part of the KOD working body, others - to the base of the KOD body. Optionally, the CODE is configured to adjust the sensor address in the fiber-optic security detector system. Optionally, the sensor address is adjusted by changing the length of the optical delay line or the length of the transport part to the CODE. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made of redundant cores of a fiber-optic cable connected to an optical circuit, or made in the form of a correction coil consisting of a single-type optical fiber of the required length. Optionally, the sensitive part is formed by several optical fibers coiled into different rings, some rings being in a state that allows the probe pulse signal to freely pass through, and the other rings in a state in which the probe pulse signal is absorbed by parts in the optical fiber cladding of the sensitive part in places with the smallest radii to the required minimum value of the reflection signal, while in the second position of the working member, the positions of the rings change to the opposite, providing an inverse state of the reflection signals. Optionally, the sensitive part is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and connected to a fiber-optic cable without a splitter for serial connection of several sensors to each other with the formation of a single signal about the state of the sensors according to the "OR" logic, and the splitter and fiber-optic cables of the sensors are installed in the outer case of the optical circuit of the device, while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors in such a way that in one of the positions of the working element, the rings of all sensors are in a state that allows the free passage of the probe pulse signal through all sensors and, if the state of the object changes so, that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the signal of the probe pulse is absorbed in the cladding of the optical fiber, the reflection signal at the operating frequency of the laser radiation disappears, but remains at the diagnostic frequency. Optionally, the movable element is one of: wicket, gate, hatch, door.

[142] Thus, as a guarded line with a fence with a movable element with an end fiber optic sensor of a security fiber optic detector placed on it, a guarded line is declared containing a fence with a movable element with a sensor pusher placed on it, which is an end fiber optic sensor containing a housing with a pusher providing a change in the position of the rings of optical fibers of the sensitive part and the sensitive part made of a splitter, the outputs of which are closed with each other by an optical fiber rolled into a ring and together form a closed loop, and said ring is connected to said pusher and said housing by means of rods that together with the ring are stretched inside the corresponding heat-shrink tubing. Optionally, the optical fiber ring is configured to change its spatial shape to a state in which, at the first laser frequency, portions of the probe pulses in the optical fiber are absorbed by its cladding, and the reflection signals continue to form at the second laser frequency. Optionally, said heat shrink tubing is a standard welded joint protection kit (SPC). Optionally, said rods are connected, respectively, to the housing and the pusher by means of respective adjusting screws. Optionally, the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the KOD sensitive part is changed through the grips located on different sides of the rings of the sensing element, some of the grips being connected to the moving part of the KOD working body, others - to the base of the KOD body. Optionally, the CODE is configured to adjust the sensor address in the fiber-optic security detector system. Optionally, the sensor address is adjusted by changing the length of the optical delay line or the length of the transport part to the CODE. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made of redundant cores of a fiber-optic cable connected to an optical circuit, or made in the form of a correction coil consisting of a single-type optical fiber of the required length. Optionally, the sensitive part is formed by several optical fibers coiled into different rings, some rings being in a state that allows the probe pulse signal to freely pass through, and the other rings in a state in which the probe pulse signal is absorbed by parts in the optical fiber cladding of the sensitive part in places with the smallest radii to the required minimum value of the reflection signal, while in the second position of the working member, the positions of the rings change to the opposite, providing an inverse state of the reflection signals. Optionally, the sensitive part is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and connected to a fiber-optic cable without a splitter for serial connection of several sensors to each other with the formation of a single signal about the state of the sensors according to the "OR" logic, and the splitter and fiber-optic cables of the sensors are installed in the outer case of the optical circuit of the device, while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors in such a way that in one of the positions of the working element, the rings of all sensors are in a state that allows the free passage of the probe pulse signal through all sensors and, if the state of the object changes so, that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the signal of the probe pulse is absorbed in the cladding of the optical fiber, the reflection signal at the operating frequency of the laser radiation disappears, but remains at the diagnostic frequency. Optionally, the movable element is one of: wicket, gate, hatch, door.

[143] Thus, as a signaling method using an end-of-line fiber-optic sensor of a security fiber-optic detector, a signaling method using an end-of-line fiber-optic sensor of a security fiber-optic detector is claimed, in which a probing pulse is supplied from the reflectometer of a security fiber-optic detector to the sensitive part of the sensor, moreover, the sensor is an end fiber-optic sensor containing a housing with a pusher, providing a change in the position of the rings of optical fibers of the sensitive part and the sensitive part made of a splitter, the outputs of which are closed with each other by an optical fiber rolled into a ring and together form a closed loop, and the said ring is connected to said pusher and said body by means of rods, which together with a ring are extended inside the corresponding heat-shrinkable tube, when the position of the pusher changes, the absence of a signal is recorded. Optionally, the optical fiber ring is configured to change its spatial shape to a state in which, at the first laser frequency, parts of the probe pulses in the optical fiber are absorbed by its cladding, and the reflection signals continue to form at the second laser radiation frequency. Optionally, said heat shrink tubing is a standard welded joint protection kit (SPC). Optionally, said rods are connected, respectively, to the housing and the pusher by means of appropriate adjusting screws. Optionally, the change in the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the KOD sensitive part is performed through the grips located on different sides of the rings of the sensitive element, and one of the grips is connected to the movable part of the KOD working body, others - to the base of the KOD body. Optionally, the CODE is made with the possibility of adjusting the address of the sensor in the detector system of the security fiber optic. Optionally, the sensor address is adjusted by changing the length of the optical delay line or the length of the transport part to the CODE. Optionally, the optical delay line is an optical delay line made of redundant cores of a fiber-optic cable connected to an optical circuit, or made in the form of a correction coil consisting of a single-type optical fiber of the required length. Optionally, a sensitive part is made, formed by several optical fibers coiled into different rings, with some rings being in a state allowing free passage of the probe pulse signal, and other rings in a state in which the probe pulse signal is absorbed by parts in the cladding of the optical fiber of the sensitive part in places with the smallest radii to the required minimum value of the reflection signal, while in the second position of the working member, the positions of the rings are reversed, providing an inverse state of the reflection signals. Optionally, the sensitive part is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and connected to a fiber-optic cable without a splitter for serial connection of several sensors to each other with the formation of a single signal about the state of the sensors according to the "OR" logic, and the splitter and fiber-optic cables of the sensors are installed in the outer case of the optical circuit of the device, while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors in such a way that in one of the positions of the working element, the rings of all sensors are in a state that allows the free passage of the probe pulse signal through all sensors and, if the state of the object changes so, that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the signal of the probe pulse is absorbed in the cladding of the optical fiber, the reflection signal at the operating frequency of the laser radiation disappears, but remains at the diagnostic frequency. Optionally, the movable element is one of: wicket, gate, hatch, door.

[144] The present description of the claimed invention demonstrates only particular embodiments and does not limit other embodiments of the claimed invention, since possible other alternative embodiments of the claimed invention, which do not go beyond the scope of information set forth in this application, should be obvious to a person skilled in the art technicians having the usual qualifications for which the claimed invention is designed.

Claims (10)

1. Linear part of a fiber-optic security detector, which includes combined interferometers, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable, connect the transceiver and the sensitive elements of the fiber-optic security detector. optical, containing closed circuits that form reflection signals, in which the same lengths of optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical effect, the same for both circuits, and one closed circuit is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the other closed loop is a Sagnac interferometer. 2. The linear part according to claim 1, characterized in that the splitter-adder and the splitter-reflector of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are placed in one coupling. 3. The linear part according to claim 1, characterized in that the splitter-adder and the splitter-reflector of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are located in different couplings. 4. The linear part of claim. 1, characterized in that the transceiver device is a reflectometer with a combined input and output. 5. The linear part according to claim 1, characterized in that the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting to an optical circuit of the required length of spare cores of a fiber-optic cable or made in the form of an optical fiber coil. 6. The linear part according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator. 7. The linear part according to claim 1, characterized in that the branched optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction. 8. The linear part according to claim 1, characterized in that the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect in the opposite direction the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where their repeated separation and passage of the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with repeated changing the phase of the signals, after which the final addition of the reflection signals, their interference and following to the receiving device is ensured. 9. The linear part according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver device. 10. The linear part according to claim 1, characterized in that the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer are two-beam interferometers, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical stress is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, and the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter , the value of the branched fraction of the probe pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength, the dynamic characteristics of the effect on the sensitive part for the Sagnac interferometer - from the place of impact on the sensitive part of the detector, while the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, and the lengths of the arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are aligned with an acceptable error depending on the duration of the laser probe pulse, while the length of one of the arms at necessary compensated by any optical delay line.

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