RU2759401C1 - Method for maintenance at altitude of mi and ka family helicopter units in the field - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aircraft technology; labor protection.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the maintenance of high-altitude helicopter units in the field of take-off and landing sites. The method for maintenance at altitude of the MI and KA family helicopter units in the field consists in equipping the employee with means of individual restraint from falling with an anchor loop, climbing stairs. Next, the locks are released and the hood flap of the engine compartment is opened and, using it as a horizontal platform, moving to the place of work. The method also includes equipping the employee with a second long anchor loop designed to keep from falling when entering the upper planes of the fuselage and further moving along them to the place of work, an additional carabiner on a belt tether to secure a long loop on it and at least three ringbolts with threads that coincide with the thread of the screw locks of the compartments of the units.

EFFECT: increase in the safety of workers during the maintenance of the helicopter is achieved.

4 cl, 15 dwg

Description

The invention relates to aviation, in particular to methods of operational inspection and maintenance of high-level units of helicopters of the MI family and spacecraft in the field conditions of takeoff and landing sites.

From the literature (Orlov K.Ya., Parkhimovich V.A. Repair of aircraft and helicopters. - M .: Transport, 1986, - 295 p.) And industry-specific guidelines (regulations for the maintenance of the Mi-8 helicopter, part 1 Glider and power installation approved by the head of the GUERAT MGA on 08/30/1991 p. 8 p. 11a, Moscow Air transport 1993) it is known that when performing operations on operational maintenance of aircraft (hereinafter referred to as aircraft), periodic maintenance and repair of aircraft with the replacement of units, inspection control and other types of control of the aircraft of the MI series of Mi-8T / P, Mi-8AMT / MTV, Mi-8PS helicopters, safety belts should be used on high-level aircraft units (zones).

A known method of performing work at height during aircraft maintenance during operation on well-equipped takeoff and landing areas of airfields and in hangar conditions. Work at a height when servicing aircraft is work performed on sites at a distance of less than 2 m from unenclosed drops at a height of more than 1.8 m, as well as if the height of the protective fencing of these sites is less than 1.1 m. zones) of MI-8 helicopters, and its modifications, are the zones of aircraft engines, gear compartment, hydraulic system, auxiliary power unit compartment, tail rotor hub. In the conditions of airfield hangars, work at heights is preferably carried out using paving means, including ladders, stepladders, decks, scaffolding, cradles, lifts (towers) with appropriate fencing and providing safe working conditions. Employees must be provided with a height restraint system in such a way that a fall from a height while servicing the aircraft will be prevented. They must be provided with and use personal protective equipment (PPE) restraint systems. The restraining system consists of: a restraining leash (a safety belt without a strap and a sling with two connecting elements - carabiners), covering the human body and consisting of separate parts, which, in combination with slings, fix the worker during work; safety lanyard or blocking device; fastening, textile or rubberized anchor loop. The order of work at a height is carried out as follows: An employee, using paving means, is delivered to the level of maintenance work, for example, the engine compartment of an aircraft, while, with a fence height of the paving means around the perimeters of at least 1.1 m, the use of elements of the restraining system is not necessarily. When using ladders, stepladders, side ladders for descent and ascent, the employee moves facing the helicopter, holding onto the handrails, while the length of the ladder should provide the employee with the ability to work in a standing position on a step located at a distance of at least 1 m from the upper end of the ladder. Then the worker releases the screw locks of the compartment hood, folds down the hood flap, which forms a horizontal bucket-like platform. Further movement along the aircraft structure is carried out with the help of paving means, or without them, in accordance with the rule of "Three points of support": at each moment of movement, the employee must have three points of support, for example. a leg and two arms or an arm and two legs or another combination with the use of elements of a safety system, which necessarily includes three points of support. The worker moves to the nearest, strictly regulated, structures of the helicopter to secure the fastening loop of the restraining system, namely: the axial hinge of the main rotor hub, the butt portions of the main rotor blade, the thrust of the swashplate of the main gearbox, the body of the tail gearbox. It is strictly not allowed to use pipelines, hoses, control cables, wiring elements, aviation and radio-electronic equipment (AiREO), tail rotor blades as attachment points. In addition, it is not allowed to attach systems to the structures of power units using metal hooks or carabiners.

The method has proven itself well when carrying out inspection and other types of control, diagnostics, as well as performing work in conditions of well-equipped service areas and airfield hangars for the base of aircraft using equipment and paving techniques. The disadvantage of this method is its practical impossibility of using it in the field, on poorly equipped take-off and landing sites of the fields of the West Siberian oil and gas complex, Eastern Siberia and other hard-to-reach places. Therefore, the object of the invention was to develop a method that includes the necessary and sufficient technical equipment of workers with personal protective equipment, the permissible procedure and the necessary sequence of operations using the structural elements of the aircraft for the safe performance of all types of maintenance of helicopters of the MI and SC series in the field.

The technical result of the proposed method is to improve the safety of workers when moving around the structures of the helicopter and during routine inspection and maintenance of its units at height in the field using the technical features of individual structural units of the aircraft and special attachment equipment that ensures the maintenance personnel comply with the "Three points supports ".

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of servicing at the height of the units of helicopters of the MI and SC family in the field, including equipping the employee with means of individual restraint from falling, consisting of a restraining belt, a sling attached to the belt with two safety karabiners and a short anchor loop 60 -80 cm, lifting it up the stairs facing the helicopter to the service level in compliance with the rule of "three points of support of the worker" in combination of two legs one arm or two arms one leg at each moment of its lifting and further movement to the work site, release of the locks and tilting the hood flap of the engine compartment and, using it as a horizontal platform, moving to the work site, fixing the short anchor loop of the safety system on the structural elements of the power unit on the one hand and with a belt sling on the other, perform the necessary type of service for this unit, according toat the end, without unhooking the anchor loop from the power unit, hook it onto one of the carabiners of the harness sling and, using it as a third fulcrum, move to the next service unit, repeat the fastening procedure if necessary, and upon completion of the work, carry out all the necessary lowering actions to the ground in the reverse order, the feature is that the employee is additionally equipped with a second long anchor loop 250 cm long, designed to keep from falling when entering the upper planes of the fuselage and further moving along them to the place of work, with an additional carabiner on a belt leash for securing there is a long loop on it and, at least, three eye bolts with a thread that coincides with the thread of the screw locks of the unit compartments, lifting to the service height is carried out through the hatch from the control cabin with a long loop fastening to one of the standard cab brackets on one side and an additional carabiner leash on the other , the release of the screw locks and the opening of the hood flap of the engine compartment is carried out from the platform on the fuselage in front of the engine compartment, and eye bolts are screwed into the released screw locks of the hoods of the units and they are used to fix the short anchor loop of the holding system during movement and work in compliance with the above-mentioned rule of three support points.

In the following, the invention is illustrated by the description and figures, where:

in FIG. 1 shows a restraining harness (a safety belt without a strap and a sling with two carabiners), covering the human body and consisting of separate parts, which, in combination with a sling and anchor loops 60 and 250 cm long, fix the worker during work at height; in FIG. 1a shows a view of the execution of an eye bolt; in FIG. 2 shows the equipment of an employee with PPE in preparation for work on high-level elements of helicopters; in FIG. 3 and 4 show the fastening of a long anchor loop of 250 cm, as a restraining system from falling when entering the aircraft fuselage and further movement, by the control cabin bracket, on the one hand, and by the additional carabiner of the holding harness, on the other, respectively; with FIG. 5 to FIG. 11 shows the sequence of operations for servicing the units of the engine compartment; with FIG. 12 to FIG. 14 shows the sequence of operations for servicing the gear compartment; in FIG. 15 shows the sequence of operations for the completion of work.

The method of servicing helicopters of the MI family and spacecraft in the field is as follows.

The personnel performing work on the high-positioned elements of the aircraft of the MI and KA series are equipped with a restraint system against falling, which consist of (Fig. 1): a restraining leash, consisting of a strap-free belt and a sling with two carabiners, covering the human torso, which, in combination with textile anchor loops 60 cm and 250 cm long and an additional carabiner on a leash fix the worker during work or insure against falling when moving at a height; an eye bolt (execution in Fig. 2) in the amount of at least three pieces with a thread that coincides with the thread of the screw locks of the hoods of the service units. Anchor loops are fixed on a safety harness, and the number of eye bolts is determined by the type of work: during operational maintenance and inspection, the employee has at least two eye bolts with him, during periodic maintenance with the replacement of units, at least three. Optimally, in order to increase maneuverability when performing work, the worker has at least three eye bolts. The length of the anchor loop 250 cm long is selected empirically based on the sufficiency of the length, taking into account the employee's height of 1.8 m and the distance to the place of work on the first engine compartment from the cockpit, so that in the event of a worker falling from any upper point of the fuselage, its height possible fall did not exceed 1 meter from the surface of the fuselage. The length of the anchor loop 60 cm long is selected and optimized in length empirically, taking into account the ergometric requirements for the convenience of servicing the zones of the aircraft units, based on the fulfillment of the condition: use a screw lock to fasten the eye bolt at a distance of no more than 1.5 meters from the work site, or location of the employee.

The ascent to the high-level elements of the helicopter is carried out using a standard ladder to the control cabin, where, while in the cockpit, an anchor loop 250 cm long of the restraint system from falling while moving along the upper part of the aircraft hull is attached to the upper bracket (loop) in the cockpit (on Mi-type aircraft -8AMT / MTV, Mi-8T / P), (Fig. 3). The second end of this anchor loop is attached to an additional carabiner on the worker's restraining harness (Fig. 4). Further, the worker acts in the following sequence: using the restraining system, he exits to the engine compartment through the hatch and, standing on the platform in front of the engine, opening the hood locks, opens the hoods of the engine compartment, thereby forming the platform. Without unhooking the anchor loop, it moves to the hood of the engine compartment (Fig. 5) and, being on it, releases one of the screw locks of the fan or gear compartment, screws the eye bolt into the free screw lock (Fig. 6), with an anchor loop 60 cm long, it engages for the screwed-in eye bolt (Fig. 7) and secures the sling with the carabiner of the holding leash to the loop (Fig. 8). Then he inspects / maintains the engine compartment according to the assignment. For further maintenance, the worker unhooks the anchor loop 250 cm long from the additional carabiner and fixes it by the cable of the engine hood, or in another way, preventing the loop from falling from the hood (Figs. 9 and 10). Without getting rid of the restraining system, it opens the hood of the gear compartment and moves to it, using it as a service platform (Fig. 11). If the length of the sling is insufficient for further movement, the second eye bolt is screwed into the free screw lock of the gear compartment or the compartment of the auxiliary power unit (APU) (Fig. 12). As an additional insurance when moving in compliance with the rule of three pivot points, it is possible to attach an anchor loop 60 cm to the body of the axial hinge (Fig. 13). Next, it engages with an anchor loop 60 cm long and (or) a sling with a carabiner for an additional eye bolt screwed into the screw lock of the gear compartment, or the APU compartment (Fig. 14).

Upon completion of maintenance work on aircraft units, the employee performs all the above actions in reverse order, observing the rule of three fulcrum points (Fig. 15): sequentially releases the anchor loops / sling from the bolts of the gear compartment screwed in by the eyebolts, hooks them onto the eye bolts of the motor, unscrews the eyebolts from the nests of the reduction gear compartment, moves to the hood flap of the engine compartment, closes the hood flap of the gear compartment, fixes a long anchor loop for the additional carabiner of the holding belt harness, releases the short anchor loop from the eye bolts of the engine compartment, unscrews them, rises to the platform in front of the engine compartment and closes last. Then, through the hatch, he returns to the cockpit, unhooks the long anchor loop and descends to the ground along the standard helicopter ladder.

If it is necessary to service the units on the opposite side of the aircraft, without unhooking the long anchor loop, the worker moves to the opposite side and perform maintenance in the same sequence.

In case of brigade maintenance of the aircraft, the need for other workers to be on the high-level elements of the helicopter, each subsequent worker climbs onto the aircraft with the obligatory use of a long anchor loop fixed by the first worker as a restraining system from falling during movement. In this case, the first worker who climbed onto the aircraft, after providing his own insurance in the above way, transfers the fixed anchor loop 250 cm long to the next worker, without fixing it by the hood cable.

The proposed method of servicing the high-level elements of the units of helicopters of the Mi and Ka series with fixing the eye bolts in the standard screw locks of the aircraft structure and attaching the employee's AES restraining system to them makes it possible to ensure his safety at any time, regardless of the type of repair and the location of the serviced units at height. The necessary and sufficient location of the eye bolts in the immediate vicinity of the service points at a distance of no more than 1.5 meters makes it easy to implement the rules of three support points - the basic safety rule, where the third point is essentially the ring of the eye bolt. In contrast to the known methods, where fastening is carried out by soft anchor loops on the elements of power units strictly regulated by the manufacturer, the eye bolts allow reliable and efficient fastening with metal hooks, for example, directly with carabiners, which expands the maneuvering possibilities of personnel, reduces the preparatory work of the place of service for further production of work.

Claims (5)

1. A method of servicing at the height of the units of helicopters of the MI and SC family in the field, including equipping the employee with personal restraint devices from falling, consisting of a restraining belt, a sling fixed to a belt with two safety karabiners and a short anchor loop 60-80 cm long, lifting him up the stairs facing the helicopter to the service mark in compliance with the rule of "three points of support for the worker" in a combination of two legs one hand or two hands one leg at each moment of its lifting and further movement to the work site, releasing the locks and tilting the engine hood flap compartment and, using it as a horizontal platform, moving to the work site, fixing a short anchor loop of the safety system on the structural elements of the power unit on one side and with a belt harness sling on the other, perform the required type of service for this unit, at the end, without unhooking the anchor power loop regatta, hook it onto one of the carabiners of the belay system's slings and, using it as a third fulcrum, move to the next service unit, repeat the securing procedure if necessary, and upon completion of the work, carry out all the necessary actions to lower to the ground in the reverse order, differing in that , what the worker is additionally equipped with a second long anchor loop 250 cm long, designed to keep him from falling when entering the upper planes of the fuselage and further moving along them to the place of work, an additional carabiner on a belt harness to fix a long loop on it and at least three eye bolts with a thread that coincides with the thread of the screw locks of the unit compartments, lifting to the service height is carried out through the hatch from the control cabin with a long loop fastening on one of the standard cab brackets on one side and an additional harness carabiner on the other, releasing the screw locks and folding the engine compartment hood flap carried out from the platform on the fuselage in front of the engine compartment, and eye bolts are screwed into the vacated screw locks of the hoods of the units and used to fix the short anchor loop of the safety system during movement and work in compliance with the above-mentioned rule of three pivot points. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sling is fixed to the eyebolt using carabiners. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that if there is a shortage of the length of the holding anchor loop 250 cm long attached to the cab shackle, for further movement to the next service unit, the long loop is fixed by the engine hood cable or by another known method that prevents it from falling from hood, and a short anchor loop is fixed on the screwed eye bolt closest to the worker. 4. The method according to claim. 3, characterized in that during the brigade service, the first worker who has risen to the height, after providing his own insurance, transfers a long anchor loop to the next member of the brigade, without fixing it by the hood cable.

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