RU2758405C1 - Electric car - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: electric car consists of a body and chassis with suspension elements, an electric motor, an energy storage device, a control device, a charging module, and photovoltaic cells that are electrically connected to each other. The outer surface of the body is made with alternating protrusions and depressions with the formation of at least one cell in which photovoltaic cells are located.

EFFECT: driving range increases.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Technology area

The scattered light electric vehicle refers to electric vehicles, with an additional source of energy supply based on sunlight, converted using photovoltaic systems. Electric vehicles with an additional source of energy supply based on the use of photovoltaic cells are classified as ecological vehicles: they do not burn fossil fuel for movement, and no harmful gases are emitted.

State of the art

Technical solutions US 6586668 (11/15/2001), US 20110297459 (12/17/2008) describe an electric vehicle, almost completely covered with solar panels. In addition, transparent solar cells are integrated into the windshield and other windows of the vehicle.

Patent EP 2559585 (26.10.2011) - Solar electric vehicle with folding body panels on the chassis. The surfaces of the solar cells are mounted on a flexible chassis for altitude tracking, and the transmission provides azimuth tracking. A solar electric vehicle with a large foldable surface that can be oriented towards the sun for peak electricity generation.

Patent RU 2053142 (01/27/1996) - the heliomobile contains a body on which solar panels are fixed, movable relative to each other and equipped with separate rolling supports in contact with the road surface. A distinctive feature is that the panels are made folding-sliding in the direction of the body axis, which can periodically increase the area of solar panels illumination.

The electric vehicle patent RU 181426 (2017.04.17), consists of a body in which photovoltaic cells are integrated, a chassis with suspension elements, an electric motor, an energy storage device in the form of a battery, a control device. The disadvantage of these technical solutions is a small amount of energy from photovoltaic cells and a low power reserve of an electric vehicle.

An electric vehicle from Sono Motors, which contains solar photovoltaic cells, was chosen as a prototype. (https://electrek.co/2017/07/28/sono-motors-unveils-its-solar-and-battery-powered-electric-car/ (19.12.2020), https://sonomotors.com/en / sion /, 12/19/2020). An electric vehicle consists of a body with integrated photovoltaic cells, a chassis with suspension elements, an electric motor, an energy storage device in the form of a battery, and a control device.

The developer believes that the presence of photovoltaic cells will increase the range due to solar energy. The main source of energy used in the technical solutions described above is direct solar radiation: it propagates in the form of parallel rays and has only one direction - from the sun to the irradiated object. The intensity of direct solar radiation with a cloud-covered sky tends to zero. Increasing the illumination surface to the size of the entire electric vehicle is not enough to generate energy comparable to that from electrical grids. The disadvantage is the low range of an electric vehicle when operating from solar radiation. The objective of the invention is to increase the range of an electric vehicle.

Disclosure of invention

The solution to these problems is ensured by focusing on the use of scattered solar radiation. The main source of energy used in the proposed technical solution is scattered solar radiation. Diffuse sunlight provides cloudy day illumination and natural room illumination. The power reserve in the mode of using solar energy is determined by the stability of the luminous flux, as the main source of energy, which in turn depends on weather conditions and daily changes in illumination. Scattered solar radiation spreads equally in all directions (http://glossary.lgb.ru/cgi-bin/gl_sch2.cgi?RRzssgwtg9!xurtl,tg9!wgkog.o9, 19.12.2020). The technical result is obtained in an electric vehicle, consisting of a body and a chassis with suspension elements, and at least one electric motor, an energy storage device, a control device, a charging module, photovoltaic cells, electrically connected to each other. According to the invention, the outer surface of the body is made by alternating protrusions and depressions with the formation of at least one cell in which the photovoltaic cells are located.

Brief Description of Drawings

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of electrically connected devices of an electric vehicle.

FIG. 2 - electric car, side view.

FIG. 3 is an electric vehicle, a vertical section in FIG. 2.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the main parts of an electric vehicle: body 1, chassis with suspension elements 2, electric motor 3, energy storage 4, control device 5, charging module 6, photovoltaic cells 7, electrical connections 8.

FIG. 2 and 3, the arrangement of cells 9 is schematically shown, formed by alternating protrusions 10 and depressions 11 on the outer surface of the body 1, with photovoltaic cells 7 located in the cells. D is the distance between the protrusions, H is the width of the protrusion.

Implementation of the invention

The solution to the problem of the invention is provided with a significant increase in the effective area of irradiation and the number of placed photovoltaic cells.

The daily amount of energy of the electric vehicle of the prototype from photovoltaic cells is determined by the dependence P = ηSq, where P is the amount of energy of the vehicle of the prototype (MJ), η is the efficiency of the photocell, S is the surface area with placed photovoltaic cells (m ² ), q is the daily intake solar radiation per unit surface area (MJ / m ² ). The daily intake of solar radiation is determined using insolation tables - (http://www.solbat.su/meteorology/insolation, 19.12.2020). The daily amount of energy is an estimate of the value of the energy potential of an electric vehicle based on the geometric characteristics and parameters of the conversion efficiency of solar radiation.

The daily amount of energy from photovoltaic cells in the claimed solution R = μλP, where R is the daily amount of energy of the claimed electric vehicle (MJ); P is the daily amount of energy of the vehicle of the prototype (MJ); μ is the cell transfer coefficient (the ratio of the number of photovoltaic cells in the cell of the invention to the number of cells in the prototype on the same surface area); λ = 1-H / D - cell efficiency factor (takes into account the reduction in surface area when placing protrusions on the outer surface).

Comparison of the prototype and the proposed technical solution for the daily amount of energy P and R is carried out at the same values of the surface area and the efficiency of the photovoltaic cell. Based on the average overall dimensions of passenger cars of the European classification of segments B, C, D (http://www.dealeron.ru/articles/8-/, 19.12.2020), the estimated surface area of the car will be about S = 30 m ² . The efficiency of a photovoltaic cell will average η = 0.2 (https://energo.house/sol/kpd-solnechnyh-batarej.html, 19.12.2020).

For the prototype, according to the insolation tables in Moscow, the daily intake of total solar radiation is taken from q = 1.89 MJ / m2 in January to q = 19.83 MJ / m2 in July. The amount of energy of the prototype for Moscow is from P = 11.34 MJ in January to P = 118.98 MJ in July. For the proposed solution in Moscow, the daily intake of scattered solar radiation is taken from q = 1.76 MJ / m2 in January to q = 9.78 MJ / m2 in July. The parameters of the proposed project for comparison: the shape of the cell 9 - hexagonal cubic (Fig. 2), with one discarded face μ = 5; a cubic cell with an edge of 60 mm at H = 2 mm and D = 60 mm - λ = 0.96. The available amount of energy for Moscow in the claimed solution ranges from R = 50.6 MJ in January to R = 281.6 MJ in July. The body surface area occupied by one photovoltaic cell in the prototype is occupied by several photovoltaic cells 7 irradiated by diffused solar radiation.

The average daily battery charge of an electric vehicle in operation with charging from electric networks (https://axiona.ru/pubs/53.html, 12/19/2020) is about 40 kW / h (144 MJ): the prototype electric vehicle will have to use daily recharging. The energy shortage ranges from 92% of the average daily battery charge in January to 19% in July. The scattered light electric vehicle will also have a 65% deficit in January compared to electric vehicles with charging from the electric grid. However, in July, there will be a twofold excess of daily requirements in relation to electric vehicles with charging from electric networks.

The average length of the route of a Moscow resident from home to work is 17.9 kilometers (https://daily.afisha.ru/news/5222-yandeks-vyyasnil-skolko-vremeni-moskvichi-tratyat-na-dorogu-do-raboty/, 12/19/2020). An electric car requires between 15 kWh (54 MJ) and 35 kWh (126 MJ) per 100 kilometers (https://aftershock.news/?q=node/738446&page=2, 19.12.2020). The scattered light electric vehicle provides daily trips with an average route length for a Moscow resident.

Claims (1)

An electric vehicle consisting of a body and a chassis with suspension elements, at least one electric motor, an energy storage device, a control device, a charging module, photovoltaic cells, electrically connected to each other, characterized in that the outer surface of the body is made with alternating protrusions and depressions to form at least one cell in which photovoltaic cells are located.

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