RU2755926C2 - Pneumatic multi-compression rifle of g. v. chelyshev - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.SUBSTANCE: pneumatic multi-compression rifle contains a cylindrical case with a fixed barrel. In the case, there is a mobile device consisting of three original nodes. In the rear part of the mobile device, there is a two-stage double-acting pump. A storage compressor is connected to a quick-release pneumatic valve that is closed by a crankshaft gate and that opens to the outside. The quick-release pneumatic valve is combined with the rifle gate so that when the mobile device is moved “forward”, a lever of the quick-release pneumatic valve stands above a trigger of the rifle located on the front flange of the cylindrical case. The pumping and locking of the barrel by the bypass of the quick-release pneumatic valve is controlled by an external lever through a rod on the case of the quick-release pneumatic valve.EFFECT: reduction in air consumption, the elimination of recoil, an increase in the rate of fire and autonomy, an increase in the time spent in the charged state, the exclusion of dieseling and detonation, increased safety, the possibility to work with different calibers.1 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a pneumatic weapon (GOST 51612-2000; wikipedia.org / "Pneumatic weapon"). The purpose of the work was to study all types of pneumatic weapons, evaluate their pros and cons and take the best from them, minimizing their shortcomings.

The types of pneumatic weapons considered:

1. PPP - spring-piston pneumatics.

2. MCP - multicompression pneumatics.

3. KP - compression pneumatics.

4. PCP - (English Pre Charged Pneumatics) pneumatics with pre-pumping.

Weapons using CO ₂ and other non-compressed air systems were not considered.

Having compared the advantages and disadvantages of the systems under consideration, we come to the conclusion:

1. The system should be economical in terms of air consumption, like PPP.

2. Eliminate recoil as in RFP.

3. Make the rate of fire better than in the manual gearbox.

4. Increase autonomy, taking into account the pumping time per shot, better than in PCP.

5. Possibility of being in a charged state for a long time without harm to the system (sediment of a metal spring, as in PPP).

6. Eliminate diesel and detonation, as in the PPP.

7. Increase safety (no pressure vessel like in PCP).

8. Ability to work with different calibers like PCP.

Consider the processes occurring in different systems on the graphs (Fig. 1, Fig. 2). The KP, MK and PCP graphs differ only in the volumes of the storage chambers and the pressure in them. The compressed air volume is divided between the storage chamber volume, the bypass and the barrel. The value of the force F = PS (where S is the cross-sectional area of the barrel (cm sq.), And P is the pressure (atm) (kg / cm sq.)) Depends on the ratio of these three volumes at each moment of the bullet movement. It can be seen from the graphs that the use of a constant volume storage chamber has an unfavorable effect on the PCR, MCP and KP in comparison with the RFP. Let's make a rough calculation of one of the best PPP rifles of the company "Diana", model number 350. From open data (guns.allzip.org/ Comparative table of parameters of air rifles) we take the initial data and make the calculation. It is known that in the PPP, when fired, the air heats up and its pressure rises to 200 atm. Let us take in the calculation the mass of the piston equal to zero (m = 0), removing the impulse of force F = mV. Then the spring with the piston will stop, creating a pressure of 16.58 atm. The force F acting on the bullet will be equal to the product of the cross-sectional area of the barrel S multiplied by the pressure P: F = PS = 0.158 cm sq⋅16.58 atm = 2.61 kg. F of the bullet will be greater than F friction, the bullet will move slowly.

You can increase the product F = PS by increasing one of two or both factors. Let's replace the metal spring with 2 pneumatic springs with a pressure of 100 atm in each, and the total area of the pistons will double (Fig. 3). Acting on the compressed air in the storage-compressor with two identical opposing pistons of pneumatic springs so that before the shot the system is in equilibrium and the volumes of the pneumatic springs and the volume of the chamber between them are equal: V1 = V2 = V3, and the distances L1 = L2 = L3. After opening the quick release pneumatic valve, V2 and L2 tend to zero. The system is out of balance and the bullet starts to move. The pistons of the gas springs start to work. At the initial moment of time, the product F = PS = (100 atm⋅ 6.15 cm2) ⋅2 = 1230 kg, this is more than in the calculation of the PPP: F = l 83 atm⋅6.15 cm2. = 1125.45 kg, and given that there is no rebound of pistons and burnout of lubricants and clutches in the storage-compressor (as in the PPP), this indicates the advantage of the system with the storage-compressor.

The pistons in the storage compressor can be replaced by two flexible (rubber) membranes (Fig. 4).

The resulting solution was implemented in the proposed pneumatic multicompression rifle containing a hollow cylindrical body (Fig. 5 pos. 1), closed with two flanges (Fig. 5 pos. 2 and pos. 3), a fixed barrel is fixed through the front flange (Fig. 5 pos. . 4). The breech of the barrel is located inside the body, the muzzle is outside the dimensions of the body. On the front flange there is a trigger (Fig. 5, pos. 5), on the inner side of the rear flange, a high-pressure piston of a two-stage double-acting pump is fixedly attached (Fig. 5, pos. 6).

Inside the cylindrical body, there is a single movable device (Fig. 6), consisting of:

1) a two-stage double-acting pump (Fig. 6 pos. 1);

2) a storage-compressor (Fig. 6 pos. 2), located in the cylinder between two pistons of the pneumatic springs, included in the opposite direction (Fig. 7);

3) a quick-release pneumatic valve body (Fig. 6, item 3) is connected to the storage-compressor, which is locked with an elbow valve (Fig. 8). The bypass of the quick-release pneumatic valve is combined with the air rifle bolt and closes the barrel in the forward position of the movable device (Fig. 9), at the same time the lever of the quick-release pneumatic valve crank is above the rifle trigger located on the front flange of the cylindrical body (Fig. 10).

The entire movable device makes back-and-forth movements between the rear part of the body and the breech of the barrel by means of an external lever through the rod. After the shot, the lever retracts the movable device "back" - the rifle is charged (Fig. 11 pos. 2-top view). Lever "forward" - the shutter locks the barrel by bypassing the quick-release pneumatic valve, and the crankshaft lever of the quick-release pneumatic valve rises above the trigger - the rifle is ready to fire (Fig. 11, pos. 1 - side view).

Benefits of the new rifle

1. Absence of a metal spring.

2. Low air consumption.

3. Rate of fire, like the PPP.

4. No high pressure cylinder.

5. Autonomy due to the built-in pump.

6. Lack of metallic noise when fired.

7. Lack of feedback.

8. Ability to work with different calibers.

Advantages of the storage compressor

1. Profitability.

2. Reliability.

3. Possibility of using in PCP and other pneumatic systems.

4. Possibility of using in CO ₂ pneumatics, using gaskets that do not swell from carbon dioxide.

Advantage of a two-stage double-acting pump

1. Compact.

2. Divides the effort into 2 cycles.

3. Assists in locking the rifle when fired.

4. Maintainability.

Advantage of a quick-release pneumatic valve that can be closed by a cranked valve

1. The absence of a spring, opening by the pressure of the storage-compressor to the outside.

2. Relatively low opening force.

3. Maintainability.

4. Convenience of work when combining the bypass of the quick-release pneumatic valve, locked with a cranked breech, and the bolt of the rifle.

5. No impact on the valve stem when firing, smooth opening without additional axial recoil.

Claims (1)

Pneumatic multicompression rifle containing a hollow cylindrical body, closed by two flanges, a fixed barrel fixed in the front flange, an external lever, a two-stage double-acting pump, a quick-release pneumatic valve, lockable with a crank, characterized in that compressed air is accumulated in the storage-compressor before firing , which is located in the cylinder between two pistons of the same pneumatic springs, included in the opposite direction, so that the volume of compressed air in each of the pneumatic springs is equal to the volume of compressed air between the pistons of the pneumatic springs, and in all three volumes there is the same compressed air pressure.

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