RU2754931C1 - Towing device with vibration compensator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: towing devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of towing devices and is intended for coupling a tractor with a trailer with the ability to reduce multidirectional deviations of the trailer. The towing device with a vibration compensator contains a frame, a drawbar and a hitching eye. On the opposite hitching loop end of the drawbar, there is a ball hitch with a cover, which is pivotally connected to the movable cores of three solenoids. The body of each of the solenoids is hinged to the frame so that in the initial position they form a rectangular coordinate system. The output of each solenoid is electrically connected to an active resistance, reactance, or a combination of both.

EFFECT: stabilization of the movement of the trailer is achieved by slowing down the deviations of the drawbar by the force arising from the appearance of the electromotive force of self-induction in the solenoids installed on the frame of the trailer and initially forming a rectangular coordinate system.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of towing devices and is intended for coupling a tractor with a trailer, with the possibility of reducing multidirectional deviations of the trailer.

Known towing device for connecting a tractor with a wheeled trailer, providing smoothing of dynamic loads at any of their values with different loading of the trailer. The device consists of a traction hydraulic cylinder rigidly connected to the trailer drawbar, a plunger with throttling holes and a traction hydraulic cylinder rod and a spring [1].

The disadvantages of the device include the complexity of the design, which makes it possible to regulate the resistance of oil flow from one cavity of the traction hydraulic cylinder to another, as well as insufficient compensation of shock loads.

Known towing device, which contains a damping element made in the form of a leaf spring, a hydraulic shock absorber formed by a traction link, which is a body of a hydraulic shock absorber, a reservoir for a working fluid and a rod. A piston is located at one end of the rod, while the cavity of the reservoir is communicated with the cavity of the hydraulic shock absorber body by means of throttling holes made in the baffle pressed inside the hydraulic shock absorber body, while the baffle and the piston are equipped with a valve system [2].

The disadvantages of the device include insufficient compensation of shock loads with a sharp change in the acceleration of the tractor, due to the high "inertness" of the liquid flowing from the reservoir cavity into the cavity of the hydraulic shock absorber body and vice versa.

The proposed invention is aimed at stabilizing the position of the trailer when driving on a winding road, a sharp deviation from rectilinear movement, braking. Essence: stabilization of the movement of the trailer is achieved by slowing down the deviations of the drawbar by the force arising from the appearance of the electromotive force (EMF) of self-induction in the solenoids installed on the frame of the trailer, and initially forming a rectangular coordinate system.

This is achieved by the fact that in the towing device containing the frame, the drawbar and the hitching loop, according to the invention, a ball hitch with a cover is installed on the opposed hitching loop end of the drawbar, which is pivotally connected to the movable cores of three solenoids, the body of each of which is hingedly attached to frame so that in the initial position they form a rectangular coordinate system, while the output of each solenoid is electrically connected to the active, reactance, or a combination thereof.

Such an embodiment of the device ensures a decrease in the amplitude of trailer oscillations due to the introduction of an "inertial link", which prevents an abrupt change in the direction of movement of the trailer drawbar.

An analysis comparable to the prototype shows that the claimed towing device meets the criterion of "novelty", since it has significant differences from the prototype: a ball hitch with a movable cover is installed on the opposite hitching loop at the end of the drawbar; the cover is pivotally connected to the movable - in the longitudinal direction - the cores of the three solenoids; the solenoid bodies are hinged to the frame so that they initially form a rectangular coordinate system; the load for each solenoid is resistance, reactance, or a combination of both.

The technical result from the use of the device is to increase the stability of the trailer and the smoothness of its movement, by smoothing alternating shock and oscillatory loads in three planes.

The invention is illustrated by the figure, which shows a general view of the towing device, and the following designations are introduced:

1 - frame;

2 - axis;

3 - drawbar;

4 - ball hitch;

5 - towbar cover;

6 - solenoid (inductor with a core).

The device (Fig.) Consists of a frame 1, on the axis 2 of which a drawbar 3 is installed, one end of which contains a coupling ring, and the opposite end contains a ball hitch 4, the cover 5 of which is pivotally connected to the movable cores of three solenoids 6, the housings of which are hingedly attached to the frame 1 so that they are initially oriented in space in the form of a rectangular coordinate system XYZ, while the "load" for the solenoids can be selected active or reactance, as well as their combination (not shown).

The operation of the device is carried out as follows: the deviation of the hitching loop of the drawbar 3 on the axis 2 of the frame 1 in the horizontal plane causes the movement of the ball hitch 4 in the opposite direction, while the cover 5, movably mounted on the hitch 4, drives the solenoid core 6 located along this axis coordinates, causing the EMF of self-induction to appear in it. In turn, the EMF of self-induction causes the appearance of a force that prevents a change in the position of the core inside the solenoid 6. Thus, the sharp movement of the ball tow bar 4 and the cover 5 associated with it, as well as the drawbar coupling ring 3 is smoothed and partially damped by the force that appears due to the occurrence of the EMF self-induction in the solenoid 6 located along the axis of action of the external disturbing force.

The movement of the hitching eye along the longitudinal axis of the trailer, as well as in the vertical plane, is limited by the gap in the connection "axis 2 - hole of the drawbar 3", since it is this that prevents significant movement of the drawbar in these directions. However, even a small movement of the drawbar 3 along these axes will be compensated by the emerging force - due to the occurrence of EMF of self-induction in the corresponding solenoid 6 - which will reduce the wear of the axis 2 and the associated drawbar hole 3. When using a ball joint instead of a coupling ring, movement in these planes will be more significant, therefore the effect of partial damping of loads and vibrations will be higher.

The movement of the drawbar 3 during the movement of the trailer will be carried out in all three directions, as well as their combinations, which, nevertheless, will not affect the smoothing and partial compensation of shock and vibration loads due to the hinged fastening of solenoids 6 to the frame 1 of the trailer, which allows them to deviate from starting position.

The energy resulting from a change in the electromagnetic field caused by the movement of the solenoid 6 core will be "scattered" by the active resistance, reactance, or a combination thereof. These resistances can be coupled with cooling radiators to dissipate heat, or, conversely, with energy "storage" in the form of batteries, recharging the latter during the transportation of goods.

The proposed device, in contrast to the known, allows you to reduce the amplitude of oscillation of the trailer during its movement due to the introduction of an "inertial link", which prevents a sharp change in the direction of movement of the drawbar of the trailer.

Sources of information

1. Patent No. 2127198 IPC B60D 1/14. Traction coupling device for connecting a tractor with a wheeled trailer / Tsyptsyn V.I., Gamayunov P.P., Nekhoroshev V.V. Mandrik I.I., Mandrik P.I. Application No. 97119827/28 dated 02.12.1997, publ. 03/10/1999

2. Patent No. 2213015 IPC B60D 1/14. Traction coupling / Gamayunov P.P., Gamayunov A.M., Pogorelov SV., Sivitsky D.V. Application No. 2002107788/28 dated 26.03.2002, publ. September 27, 2003

Claims (1)

A towing hitch with a vibration damper containing a frame, a drawbar and a hitching loop, characterized in that a ball hitch with a cover is installed on the opposite hitching loop end of the drawbar, which is pivotally connected to the movable cores of three solenoids, the body of each of which is hinged on the frame so that in the initial position they form a rectangular coordinate system, while the output of each solenoid is electrically connected to the active, reactance or their combination.

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