RU2754341C1 - Spherical powder for small arms cartridges - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gunpowder production.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the production of gunpowder. Monobasic spherical powder for 5.6-mm small-bore rimfire cartridges contains diphenylamine, ethyl acetate, moisture, graphite, pyroxylin 1 Pl in the following ratio, wt.%: diphenylamine - 0.4-0.6, ethyl acetate - 1.0, no more, moisture - 0.3-0.5, graphite - 0.1-0.3, pyroxylin 1 Pl with a nitrogen oxide content of at least 210.5 ml/g - the rest. The granules are disk-shaped with a burning arch thickness of 0.15-0.18 mm, and their diameter is 0.2-0.4 mm.

EFFECT: invention provides an increase in the level of ballistic characteristics of the powder, in particular homogeneity.

1 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of propellants, in particular, single-base spherical propellant (SFP) intended for equipping 5.6-mm small-caliber rimfire cartridges (hereinafter referred to as 5.6-mm cartridges).

Known dibasic SFP for equipment 5.6-mm cartridges (OST 84-876. Spherical gunpowder for rimfire cartridges of 5.6-mm caliber), including cellulose nitrates, nitroglycerin, centralite II, dinitrotoluene, diphenylamine (DPA), graphite, ethyl acetate (EA), with the following ratio of components, wt. %:

- nitroglycerin - 12.0-14.0,

- centralite II - 0.1-1.1,

- DNT - 1.5-2.0

- DPA - 0.5-1.5,

- EA - 0.5-1.5,

- moisture - 0.2-0.8,

- bonded graphite - 0.1-0.5,

- pyroxylin 1 PL with nitrogen oxide content

not less than 210.0 ml / g - the rest.

The disadvantage of gunpowder is a low level of ballistic characteristics, in particular, inhomogeneity of ballistic characteristics associated with increased values of the bulk density and mass of the propellant charge (MZ; 0.10-0.12 g).

Also known SFP (analog) for 5.6-mm cartridges (Patent No. 2451651 from. Spherical gunpowder for 5.6-mm sports rifle cartridge rimfire), including cellulose nitrates from pyroxylin fine-grained propellants with an expired warranty period of storage, DPA, carbon black, graphite, EA, containing components in the following ratio, wt%:

- diphenylamine (DPA) - 0.2-0.3,

- carbon black (soot) and graphite in the ratio

by mass (2: 1) - (6: 1) - 0.3-0.8,

- ethyl acetate (EA) - 0.6-1.5,

- moisture - 0.3-0.8,

- pyroxylin 1Pl containing nitrogen oxide

209-210.5 ml / g - the rest.

From the known level, a monobasic SFP was found for 5.6-mm cartridges (TU 7277-124-07506808-2011. Lacquer powder PS 690 / 4.23), including DPA, EA, moisture, graphite, soot, pyroxylin in the following ratio, masses. %:

- DPA - 0.4-1.0,

- EA - 1.5, no more,

- moisture - 0.3-0.9,

- bonded graphite and soot, in total - 0.1-0.7,

- pyroxylin 1 PL with nitrogen oxide content

not less than 210.5 ml / g - the rest.

This patent was adopted by us as a prototype for the totality of essential features.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low level of ballistic characteristics in the 5.6-mm cartridge, which is expressed in the heterogeneity of ballistic characteristics due to the increased thickness of the burning arch of powder granules (granule diameter 0.31-0.45 mm) and an increased content of inert components.

The aim of the claimed technical solution is to increase the level of ballistic characteristics of the TFP for the 5.6-mm cartridge.

The technical result is achieved in that the monobasic SFP for 5.6-mm cartridges, including DPA, EA, moisture, graphite, pyroxylin, characterized in that the components contain in the following ratio, wt. %:

- DPA - 0.4-0.6,

- EA - 1.0, no more,

- moisture - 0.3-0.5,

- graphite - 0.1-0.3,

- pyroxylin 1 PL with nitrogen oxide content

not less than 210.5 ml / g - the rest;

while the SFP granules have a diameter of 0.2-0.4 mm, the thickness of the burning arch is 0.15-0.18 mm.

As follows from the above, the proposed TFP differs in the following. First, the proposed SFP is characterized by a lower content of inert components that reduce the specific heat of combustion (DPA, EA, graphite, soot is absent), which contributes to an increase in the specific heat of combustion of gunpowder and, accordingly, an increase in the level of ballistic characteristics. So, according to calculations, the specific heats of combustion of the prototype and the proposed gunpowder at the maximum content of inert components have values of 1039 and 1091 kcal / kg, respectively. Secondly, the powder granules have a less degressive shape - the shape of a disc, more precisely, inscribed in a disc one and a half, with a burning arch thickness of 0.15-0.18 mm. These proposals (differences), together, contribute to the achievement of a positive effect, which is confirmed by the results of physicochemical, ballistic tests of gunpowder, presented in the table:

Indicator name Indicator value by examples 1 2 3 prototype 1 Physical and chemical characteristics (maximum values)
1.1 Content of components, wt%:
- pyroxylin 1Pl containing
nitric oxide 210.5 ml / g
- DPA
- EA
- moisture
- graphite
1.2 Bulk density, kg / dm ³
1.3 Geometrical dimensions, average, mm:
- diameter
- thickness of the burning arch
1.4 Specific heat of combustion, kcal / kg
2 Ballistic characteristics
(with charge mass, g)
2.1 V _{10 СР} , m / s
2.2 ΔV ₁₀ , m / s
2.3 R _{MAX SR} , kgf / cm ²
2.4 R _{MAX NB} , kgf / cm ² 97.6
0.6
1.0
0.5
0.3
0.74
0.40
0.15
1091
(0.08)
323
eight
907
1122 98.2
0.5
0.7
0,4
0.2
0.74
0.30
0.17
1109
(0.075)
321
7
913
1035 98.7
0,4
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.74
0.20
0.18
1124
(0.07)
320
6
920
1047 96.1
1.0
1.5
0.9
0.7
0.74
0.40
-
1039
(0.09)
315
13
902
1160 Notes: 1- V _{10 SR} - average bullet speed at a distance of 10 m from the muzzle; 2- ΔV ₁₀ - the spread of bullet velocities in a group of 10 shots (uniformity of ballistic characteristics); 3- R _{MAX SR} , R _{MAX NB} - maximum average and maximum pressure of powder gases in the bore of the weapon, respectively; 4- bullet weight 2.6 g.

Positive results are observed in examples 1-3.

Samples of SPP were made using water-dispersion technology (Yu.M. Mikhailov Spherical powder / Yu.M. Mikhailov, N.M. Lyapin, V.F.Sopin et al. // Chernogolovka: IPKhF RAS, 2003.-204 p. ) in a reactor with a volume of 1.57 m ³ , equipped with a stirrer, a heating jacket. At the same time, obtaining powder granules in the form of a disk with established values of the thickness of the burning arch was achieved by controlling the ratio of the volumes of the aqueous and lacquer phases in the reactor.

Example 1

The inert components are contained in the maximum possible amount (upper limit). In this case, by increasing the proportion of pyroxylin, the specific heat of combustion has a value of 1091 kcal / kg, which exceeds the corresponding figure of the prototype. The thickness of the burning vault (clause 1.3) has a minimum value of 0.15 mm. As a result, the ballistic characteristics of the TFP are achieved with a small value of the MZ mass - 0.08 g (item 2); V values_{10 Wed} and meets the requirements of regulatory documents (ND; ND 315-325 m / s); ΔV_tenlow - less than that of the prototype, and equal to 8 m / s (according to ND no more than 15 m / s).

Example 2

The inert components are contained in the nominal amount. In this case, the specific heat of combustion has a value of 1109 kcal / kg, which exceeds the corresponding indicator of the prototype. The thickness of the burning vault (clause 1.3) is 0.18 mm. As a result, the ballistic characteristics of the TFP are achieved with a small value of the MZ mass - 0.075 g (item 2); V _{10 CP} meets the requirements, the value of ΔV _{10 is} low low - less than that of the prototype, and is equal to 7 m / s.

Example 3

The components are contained in a minimum quantity. In this case, the specific heat of combustion has a value of 1124 kcal / kg, which significantly exceeds the corresponding figure of the prototype. The thickness of the burning vault (clause 1.3) is 0.17 mm. As a result, the ballistic characteristics of the TFP are achieved with a small value of the MZ mass - 0.07 g (item 2); V_{10 Wed} meets the requirements of normative documents, the value of ΔV_tenlow low - less than that of the prototype, and equal to 7 m / s.

An increase in the content of inert components will reduce the level of ballistic characteristics of the TFP, bringing it closer to the prototype. A decrease in DPA content will not provide sufficient chemical resistance, graphite - flowability and antistatic characteristics of SFP; the minimum moisture and EA content is limited by technology.

Thus, the claimed technical solution allows to increase the level of ballistic characteristics of TFP for 5.6-mm small-caliber rimfire cartridges and meets the criteria of patentability of the invention: novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability.

Claims (3)

Monobasic spherical powder for 5.6-mm small-bore rimfire cartridges, including diphenylamine, ethyl acetate, moisture, graphite, pyroxylin, contains components in the following ratio, wt. %: DPA 0.4-0.6, EA 1.0, no more, Moisture 0.3-0.5, Graphite 0.1-0.3, Pyroxylin 1 PL containing nitric oxide not less than 210.5 ml / g - the rest while the SFP granules have a diameter of 0.2-0.4 mm, the thickness of the burning arch is 0.15-0.18 mm.