RU2753176C1 - Method and apparatus for testing output cables of traction electric engines for complex effect of mechanical and climatic loads - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: testing.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to a method and apparatus for testing cables of traction electric engines for complex effect of mechanical and climatic loads. A method for testing output cables of traction electric engines for complex effect of mechanical and climatic loads, consisting in the fact that the cables are tested in a climatic chamber while simulating the lower value of the environmental temperature acting during operation, with simultaneous simulation of mechanical loads acting during operation, wherein the mechanical loads are simulated by an apparatus for testing output cables of traction electric engines, providing the bending and twisting angles of the cables and the oscillation amplitude during testing equal to the ones during operation, and the number of oscillation cycles (N) of the cable during testing is determined by the formula N = f×t, wherein f is the oscillation frequency per minute, t is the test time determined in the technical regulations for the cable. The apparatus for testing the output cables of traction electric engines for complex effect of mechanical and climatic loads is comprised of a climatic chamber, an asynchronous drive with a crankshaft, whereto the cables are rigidly fixed at one end, two pads with rubber sleeves wherein the cables are fixed and sealed at the other end, a panel whereto the cables are connected, wherein the apparatus is configured to provide the bending and twisting angles of the cables and the oscillation amplitude during testing equal to the ones during operation.

EFFECT: identification of some defects and weak points of the cables (breaks of the cores in the strands and the insulating sheath at the lugs connected to the output box) made possible with simultaneous application of the testing unit with climatic loads, cable test modes approaching the real loads and operating conditions, provided required level of reliability of the test result.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

This technical solution relates to testing equipment for railway transport.

There is a known method of testing the strength to the action of the upper and lower working values of the temperature of the medium during operation (method 201 - 1.2 DSTU 8280 - 2015 (GOST 30630.2.1-2013), 203 - 1 GOST 20.57.406-81 - testing of fuel products in a chamber without electrical load), and tests for strength to the action of humidity (method 207-1 DSTU 8280 - 2015 (GOST 30630.2.2-2001)), which is used in production.

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not take into account the simultaneous effect of climatic and mechanical factors on the output cables of traction electric motors under operating conditions. Additionally, it is necessary to check the cables in operating conditions, which can give an answer about the operability and reliability for a sufficiently long time, inhibits and increases the cost of introducing new developments into production.

The known method and device for testing the resistance to bending of cables according to GOST 12182.8-80. For testing, two schemes are given: a scheme of a stand for testing resistance to simple bending and a scheme of a stand for testing resistance to concentrated bending. The test cycle consists in bending the sample at a given angle to the right and left from the initial position. Both schemes involve bending the sample in one plane without twisting.

The group of inventions is based on the task of improving the method and device for testing the output cables of traction electric motors (TED) with almost complete imitation of operational, mechanical and climatic effects on the critical unit of the TED with a significant (compared to operation) intensification of test modes with a significant reduction in test time.

вертикальной

углом закручивания

рад (согласно требованиям НТД на кабельные изделия). С другого конца кабеля уплотнены резиновыми втулками 3 (фиг. 1, 2), зажатые между двумя накладками 4 (фиг. 1, 2), подключенные к панели 5 (фиг. 1, 2). Количество циклов сгибания во времени регулируется скоростью вращения асинхронного привода испытательной установки 6 (фиг. 1) и должно быть не более 100 цикл / мин согласно ГОСТ 12182.8-80.The problem is solved by the fact that the cable connections (hereinafter referred to as cable 1 (Fig. 1, 2) and cable 2 (Fig. 1, 2)) are fixed on one side in a test setup, which ensures their bending with axial torsion with reverse-translational horizontal movement

vertical

twist angle

glad (according to the requirements of NTD for cable products). At the other end of the cable they are sealed with rubber grommets 3 (Figs. 1, 2), clamped between two straps 4 (Figs. 1, 2), connected to the panel 5 (Figs. 1, 2). The number of bending cycles in time is regulated by the rotational speed of the asynchronous drive of the test setup 6 (Fig. 1) and should be no more than 100 cycles / min according to GOST 12182.8-80.

The fixed cable test setup shown in FIG. 1, 2, placed in a test climatic chamber, allowing to create climatic loads for cables: temperature and humidity within the range of permissible values. It is also provided for the supply during testing on the cable of the test voltage in accordance with GOST 2990-78 and control of the insulation resistance.

The number of cable vibration cycles (N) during testing is determined by the formula

N = f × t,

where f is the frequency of vibrations per minute, t is the test time specified in the NTD for the cable.

The evaluation of the test results is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the NTD for cable products.

FIG. 3 shows the appearance of the TED cables after testing.

The test data revealed the presence of some shortcomings and weak points of the cables (breaks of the cores in the strands (Fig. 3 a)) and the insulating sheath at the tips, which are connected to the terminal box (Fig. 3 b))), which became possible when using the test setup, the approximation of cable test modes to real loads and operating conditions, which ensures the required level of reliability of the test result.

Thus, this group of inventions makes it possible to increase the reliability, information content and efficiency of testing traction motor cables and quickly give an answer about their performance in specific climatic operating conditions.

Claims (2)

1. A method for testing the output cables of traction electric motors for the complex effect of mechanical and climatic loads, which consists in the fact that the cables are tested in a climatic chamber when simulating the lower value of the temperature of the environment acting during operation, with simultaneous imitation of mechanical loads acting during operation, and mechanical loads are simulated by a device for testing the output cables of traction electric motors according to claim 2, which provides the angles of bending and twisting of the cables, the vibration amplitude during the tests, which are equal to the operational ones, and the number of cable vibration cycles (N) during the tests is determined by the formula N = f × t, where f is the frequency of vibrations per minute, t is the test time established in the normative and technical documentation for the cable. 2. A device for testing the output cables of traction electric motors for the combined effect of mechanical and climatic loads, containing a climatic chamber, an asynchronous drive with a crankshaft, to which cables are rigidly fixed at one end, two linings with rubber bushings, in which the cables are fixed and sealed with the other end, the panel to which the cables are connected, and the device is made with the possibility of providing the angles of bending and twisting of the cables, the amplitude of oscillations during the tests, which are equal to the operational ones.

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