RU2749098C1 - Composition of pet litter and method for production of such composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: housing animals.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to housing animals, namely to removal of animal excrement and urine. The composition of pet litter comprises an absorbing agent and additives. The absorbing agent is made from calibrated granules of dried corn cobs selected from fractions of 0.01 to 5 mm, 1 to 3 mm, 3 to 6 mm, or 6 to 10 mm. Sawdust of coniferous trees, recycled paper, essential oils, crushed corn kernels, crushed sunflower kernels, activated carbon, or scented clay are used as additives. The composition is made with the following ratio of components, % wt.: absorbing agent 60.0 to 99.5, odour absorber 0.05 to 40.0. The method of production of the litter composition consists in tops being peeled off the corn and drying the corn at a temperature of 30 to 100°C to a moisture level of the dried cobs of 4 to 8%. The peeled and dried corn is then supplied to the threshing department into a thresher wherein the corn cobs are separated from the grains. The peeled corn cobs are crushed in a crusher forming raw material of several sizes. Uncalibrated raw material is supplied to the calibration and cleaning department wherein the raw material is calibrated into several fractions and cleaned using an air-and-screen separator, followed by extracting the necessary fractions. Three of the selected fractions: 1 to 3 mm, 3 to 6 mm, 6 to 10 mm are enriched with additives and packed, and the remaining fraction of 0.01 to 5 mm is transferred to the granulation department wherein the calibrated raw material of the selected fraction is passed through a rotary crusher wherein the raw material is crushed and made homogeneous. The homogeneous raw material is then supplied to the storage reservoir wherefrom it is transferred to the conveyor. The additives are then supplied to the conveyor followed by the calculated amount of water being supplied to the conveyor. The resulting mixture is supplied into a granulator in doses wherein granules are produced and packaged.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of moisture and odour absorption, sustainability and safety of the produced litter.

10 cl, 2 tbl

Description

Technology area

The invention relates to the maintenance of animals, namely to the removal of excrement and urine of animals, as well as fillers and coatings for this.

Prior art

Closest to the claimed invention is the patent for invention US5016568 IPC A01K1 / 015 "Anti-odor filler of a toilet for animals with pine oil". The invention provides, in one embodiment, an odor-resistant animal litter comprising: a) an adsorbent or absorbent particles; and b) an effective amount of ammonia regulating pine oil transferred to said particles through an aqueous dispersion liquid and a dispersing agent therefor. Pet litter can also include additional additives such as fragrances, other antimicrobial additives, and the like.

The disadvantages of this filler are that the filler additionally contains unnatural additives that can mask the odor, but at the same time harm the health of animals, since animals, after contact with the filler, lick themselves, and rodents partially use the filler in food.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the present invention is to create an effective and safe for animals composition of litter for an animal toilet and a method of manufacturing this composition.

The technical result of the proposed composition of the toilet filler for animals and the method of manufacturing this composition:

- efficiency - increasing the efficiency of moisture and odor absorption;

- environmental friendliness - use in the composition of exclusively natural ones, which, when recycled, does not pollute the environment;

- safety - the use in the composition of natural harmless components and the proposed method of production of this composition, which makes it possible to exclude harm to animal health;

- waste-free production of corn processing products - use of all corn processing waste as the main ingredient - an absorbent of the composition.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the composition of the filler of the toilet for animals contains an absorbent and additives. The absorbent is made of calibrated granules of dried corn cobs, selected from fractions of 0.01-5 mm, or 1-3 mm, or 3-6 mm, or 6-10 mm. As additives used: sawdust of coniferous trees, or recycled paper, or essential oils, or crushed corn grain, or crushed sunflower grain, or activated carbon, or aromatized clay, or a flavoring agent, and the composition is performed at the following ratio of components, wt%: absorbent 60 , 0 - 99.5, odor absorber 0.05 - 40.0.

The method of manufacturing the composition of the filler of the toilet for animals consists in the fact that first the cobs of corn are cleaned from the tops, then they are dried at a temperature of 30 - 100 ° C, while the moisture content of the dried cobs is left 4 - 8%. After that, peeled and dried corn cobs are fed to the threshing shop to a thresher, where the corn cob is separated from the grains. Further, the corn cobs cleaned from grains are fed to the crushing workshop, where they are crushed in a universal crusher with a sieve diameter of 5-10 mm until the formation of raw materials of different sizes. Then the uncalibrated raw material is fed to the calibration and cleaning workshop, where the raw material is calibrated into several fractions and cleaned using an air-sieve separator. After that, the desired fractions are isolated, three of which: 1-3 mm, 3-6 mm, 6-10 mm are enriched with additives and packed, and the remaining fraction 0.01-5 is transferred to the granulation workshop, in which the calibrated raw materials of the selected fraction are passed through rotary crusher, in which raw materials are crushed and homogeneous. Further, the homogeneous raw material is fed into the storage hopper, from which it is transferred to the auger. Then additives are fed into the screw. After that, the calculated amount of water is fed into the screw, and the resulting mixture is metered into the granulator. Next, granules are obtained and packaged, while the raw material from the corn cob and additives are used in the following ratio, wt%: corn cobs granules 60.0 - 99.5 odor absorber 0.05 - 40.0.

Corn, grain is rich in vitamins and minerals such as: vitamin B1 - 25.3%, choline - 14.2%, vitamin B5 - 12%, vitamin B6 - 24%, vitamin H - 42%, vitamin PP - 16%, potassium - 13.6%, silicon - 200%, magnesium - 26%, phosphorus - 37.6%, iron - 20.6%, cobalt - 53%, manganese - 54.5%, copper - 29%, molybdenum - 40.6%, selenium - 54.5%, chromium - 16%, zinc - 14.4%

Vitamin B1 is a part of the most important enzymes of carbohydrate and energy metabolism, which provide the body with energy and plastic substances, as well as the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids. Lack of this vitamin leads to serious disorders of the nervous, digestive and cardiovascular systems.

Choline is a part of lecithin, plays a role in the synthesis and metabolism of phospholipids in the liver, is a source of free methyl groups, and acts as a lipotropic factor.

Vitamin B5 is involved in protein, fat, carbohydrate metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, the synthesis of a number of hormones, hemoglobin, promotes the absorption of amino acids and sugars in the intestine, and supports the function of the adrenal cortex. Lack of pantothenic acid can lead to damage to the skin and mucous membranes.

Corn, whose beneficial properties were noticed in antiquity, not only tastes good. She is able to heal the body and solve a lot of health problems:

digestion improves, intestinal function is normalized, putrid flora is inhibited;

the work of the heart is normalized, the walls of blood vessels are strengthened, the risk of blood clots and cardiac diseases is reduced;

increased resistance to the development of cancer;

the process of recovery of the body is accelerated after increased stress, exhaustion, intoxication;

the functional state of the mucous membranes is restored;

the work of the reproductive organs returns to normal;

Fiber, which stimulates the work of the gastrointestinal tract, normalizes the intestinal microflora, removes toxins and toxins from the body.

Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids, which lower cholesterol, increase immunity, normalize the functioning of all systems and organs.

Vitamin B2, or riboflavin, regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism, maintains visual acuity and protects against anemia.

Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, supports metabolism, ensures normal blood clotting and tissue regeneration. Affects the synthesis of steroids and collagen, reduces vascular permeability, strengthens the immune system. Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that makes the skin healthy and prevents anemia.

Vitamin B5 is important for the health of pregnant women, it supports the growth of the embryo.

Vitamin K allows blood to clot and strengthens bones.

Vitamin B9 or folic acid is important for the normal formation of the embryo and prevents malformations. Folacin protects against anemia and improves gastrointestinal function.

Vitamin B1 is involved in all metabolic processes of the body, maintains the normal state of the nervous, digestive and cardiovascular systems.

Vitamin E is an antioxidant, it protects cells from death, prevents atherosclerosis, maintains the youth of the skin and blood vessels, and eliminates inflammation.

Vitamin PP is involved in metabolism, regulates the formation of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.

Vitamin B6 normalizes the functioning of the nervous system, participates in the exchange of amino acids and in the formation of hemoglobin.

Beta-carotene fights cancer and aging as an antioxidant. It lowers cholesterol levels, protecting the heart and blood vessels from disease, provides good vision and promotes faster tissue regeneration.

Vitamins, organic substances required in small quantities in the diet of most vertebrates. Vitamins are usually synthesized by plants rather than animals. The daily requirement for vitamins is only a few milligrams or micrograms. Unlike inorganic substances, vitamins are destroyed by strong heating. Many vitamins are unstable and "lost" during cooking or during processing of foodstuffs, therefore, in the proposed production method, a gentle temperature regime is used, which allows preserving the beneficial properties of corn.

Implementation of the invention

The offered pet litter is used for:

• Cats

• Dogs

• Rodents

• Birds

For the manufacture of toilet filler, a corn cob (core) cleaned from corn grains is used as a raw material.

Technological process.

After harvesting the corn, the cob is peeled from the tops and dried in a dryer at a temperature of 38-40 degrees Celsius. Upon reaching a moisture content of 5-7%, the ear is cleared of corn and ground on a rotary crusher. The crusher screen diameter is 5-10 mm. The resulting raw material is divided into fractions and mixed with additives (Table 1), after which it is packed.

Table 1. Percentage of fractions in raw materials.

Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Option 5 Fraction 1-3 mm (fine) 15-25% 25-35% 5-15% 20-30% 35-45% Fraction 3-6 mm (medium) 20-30% 35-45% 15-25% 55-65% 5-15% Fraction 6-10 mm (large) 40-50% 10-20% 65-75% 5-15% 0-10% Fraction 0-5 mm (light) for the production of granules with a diameter of 5 mm 10-20% 15-25% 5-15% 15-25% 35-45%

For a fraction of 1-3 mm, recipes for the production of a filler were scientifically obtained, presented in Table 2. Content of subfractions:

- subfraction <1 mm - no more than 2-3%

- subfraction 1-2 mm - no more than 36-45%

- sub-fraction 2-3 mm - no more than 58-65%

- subfraction> 3 mm - no more than 1-2%

For the fraction 3-6 mm, the recipes for the production of the filler presented in Table 2 were scientifically obtained.

- subfraction <3 mm - no more than 1-3%

- subfraction 3-4 mm - no more than 13-18%

- sub-fraction 4-5 mm - no more than 32-37%

- subfraction 5-6 mm - no more than 42-47%

- subfraction> 6 mm - no more than 1-2%

For the 6-10 mm fraction, recipes for the filler production were scientifically obtained, presented in Table 2. Content of subfractions:

- subfraction <6 mm - no more than 1-2%

- subfraction 6-7 mm - no more than 51-57%

- subfraction 7-8 mm - no more than 27-32%

- subfraction 8-9 mm - no more than 9-13%

- subfraction 9-10 mm - no more than 12-15%

- subfraction> 10 mm - no more than 2-4%

Table 2. Recipes

Composition 1 Composition 2 Composition 3 Composition 4 (granules) Description ingredient content,% ingredient content,% ingredient content,% ingredient content,% Recipe 1 Fraction
1-3 mm 90-95 Fraction
3-6 mm 90-95 Fraction
6-10 mm 90-95 Fraction
0-5 mm 90-95 Tea tree essential oil is added for additional (non-primary) protection of the animal against fleas and ticks. Tea tree essential oil 5-10 Tea tree essential oil 5-10 Tea tree essential oil 5-10 Tea tree essential oil 5-10 Recipe 2 Fraction
1-3 mm 85-90 Fraction
3-6 mm 85-90 Fraction
6-10 mm 85-90 Fraction
0-5 mm 85-90 Activated carbon is added to improve the absorbency and odor retention properties. Activated
coal 10-15 Activated
coal 10-15 Activated
coal 10-15 Activated
coal 10-15 Recipe 3 Fraction
1-3 mm 90-95 Fraction
3-6 mm 90-95 Fraction
6-10 mm 90-95 Fraction
0-5 mm 90-95 Chamomile essential oil is added to improve the antiseptic properties of the filler. Also, oil vapor soothes the animal. Chamomile essential oil 5-10 Chamomile essential oil 5-10 Chamomile essential oil 5-10 Chamomile essential oil 5-10 Recipe 4 Fraction
1-3 mm 70-75 Fraction
3-6 mm 70-75 Fraction
6-10 mm 70-75 Fraction
0-5 mm 70-75 Coniferous sawdust is added to improve odor eliminating properties. Coniferous sawdust 25-30 Coniferous sawdust 25-30 Coniferous sawdust 25-30 Coniferous sawdust 25-30 Recipe 5 Fraction
1-3 mm 60-65 Fraction
3-6 mm 60-65 Fraction
6-10 mm 60-65 Fraction
0-5 mm 60-65 The paper is added to provide the filler with clumping properties. Recycled paper 35-40 Recycled paper 35-40 Recycled paper 35-40 Recycled paper 35-40 Recipe 6 Fraction
1-3 mm 90-95 Fraction
3-6 mm 90-95 Fraction
6-10 mm 90-95 Fraction
0-5 mm 90-95 Peppermint and rosemary essential oils help animals to be more active. Rosemary essential oil 2.5-5.0 Rosemary essential oil 2.5-5.0 Rosemary essential oil 2.5-5.0 Rosemary essential oil 2.5-5.0 Peppermint essential oil 2.5-5.0 Peppermint essential oil 2.5-5.0 Peppermint essential oil 2.5-5.0 Peppermint essential oil 2.5-5.0 Recipe 7 Fraction
1-3 mm 95-99 Fraction
3-6 mm 95-99 Fraction
6-10 mm 95-99 Fraction
0-5 mm 95-99 Corn kernels are added to improve odor retention properties. Crushed corn kernels 1-5 Crushed corn kernels 1-5 Crushed corn kernels 1-5 Crushed corn kernels 1-5 Recipe 8 Fraction
1-3 mm 95-99 Fraction
3-6 mm 95-99 Fraction
6-10 mm 95-99 Fraction
0-5 mm 95-99 Sunflower seeds are added to improve odor retention properties. Crushed sunflower seeds 1-5 Crushed sunflower seeds 1-5 Crushed sunflower seeds 1-5 Crushed sunflower seeds 1-5 Recipe 9 Fraction
1-3 mm 75-80 Fraction
3-6 mm 75-80 Fraction
6-10 mm 75-80 Fraction
0-5 mm 75-80 Clay is added to acquire clumping properties. Clay 19.5-24 Clay 19.5-24 Clay 19.5-24 Clay 19.5-24 Flavoring 0.5-1 Flavoring 0.5-1 Flavoring 0.5-1 Flavoring 0.5-1 Recipe 10 Fraction
1-3 mm 99.1-99.5 Fraction
3-6 mm 99.1-99.5 Fraction
6-10 mm 99.1-99.5 Fraction
0-5 mm 99.1-99.5 A flavoring agent is added to eliminate odors. Flavoring 0.5-0.9 Flavoring 0.5-0.9 Flavoring 0.5-0.9 Flavoring 0.5-0.9

Based on all of the above, we can conclude:

1. A unique method has been developed for obtaining litter for animal litter from corn grain production waste, including grinding, drying, fractionation and composition, which allows preserving the beneficial properties of corn.

2. The proposed composition has good water retention.

3. The organoleptic measurements carried out showed the unique ability of the composition of the litter of the animal litter to absorb acetone and ammonia solution, and thereby prevent the spread of odors of these substances.

This means that the task, namely, the creation of an effective and safe for animals composition of litter for animals and a method of manufacturing this composition has been completed, industrial applicability has been proven.

Claims (23)

1. The composition of the filler of the toilet for animals contains an absorbent and additives, characterized in that the absorbent is made of calibrated granules of dried corn cobs selected from fractions of 0.01-5 mm, or 1-3 mm, or 3-6 mm, or 6-10 mm, and as additives used: sawdust of coniferous trees, or recycled paper, or essential oils, or crushed corn grain, or crushed sunflower grain, or activated carbon, or aromatized clay, and the composition is performed at the following ratio of components, wt%: absorbent 60.0-99.5 odor absorber 0.05-40.0 2. The composition of the filler of the toilet for animals according to claim 1, characterized in that sawdust of coniferous trees is used as an additive, and the composition is performed with the following ratio of components, wt%: absorbent 70.0-75.0 coniferous sawdust 25.0-30.0 3. The composition of the filler of the toilet for animals according to claim 1, characterized in that recycled paper is used as an additive, and the composition is performed with the following ratio of components, wt%: absorbent 60.0-65.0 recycled paper 35.0-40.0 4. The composition of the filler of the toilet for animals according to claim 1, characterized in that essential oils of rosemary and mint are used as an additive, and the composition is performed at the following ratio of components, wt%: absorbent 90.0-95.0 rosemary essential oil 2.5-5.0 peppermint essential oil 2.5-5.0 5. The composition of the filler of the toilet for animals according to claim 1, characterized in that crushed corn grains are used as an additive, and the composition is performed with the following ratio of components, wt%: absorbent 95.0-99.0 crushed corn kernels 1.0-5.0 6. The composition of the filler of the toilet for animals according to claim 1, characterized in that crushed sunflower grains are used as an additive, and the composition is performed at the following ratio of components, wt%: absorbent 95.0-99.0 crushed sunflower seeds 1.0-5.0 7. The composition of the filler of the toilet for animals according to claim 1, characterized in that essential oil of tea tree is used as an additive, and the composition is performed at the following ratio of components, wt%: absorbent 90.0-95.0 tea tree essential oil 5.0-10.0 8. The composition of the filler of the toilet for animals according to claim 1, characterized in that activated carbon is used as an additive, and the composition is performed at the following ratio of components, wt%: absorbent 85.0-90.0 Activated carbon 10.0-15.0 9. The composition of the filler of the toilet for animals according to claim 1, characterized in that chamomile essential oil is used as an additive, and the composition is performed at the following ratio of components, wt%: absorbent 90.0-95.0 chamomile essential oil 5.0-10.0 10. A method of manufacturing a composition of litter for an animal litter box, comprising: first, the cobs of corn are cleaned from the tops, then they are dried at a temperature of 30-100 ° C, while the moisture content of the dried cobs is left 4-8%, after which the corn cobs, peeled from the tops and dried, are fed to the threshing shop to the thresher, where the corn cobs are separated from grains, then the corn cobs cleaned from grains are crushed in a crusher until the formation of raw materials of several sizes, then the uncalibrated raw materials are fed to the calibration and cleaning workshop, where the raw materials are calibrated into several fractions and cleaned using an air-sieve separator, after which the necessary fractions are isolated, three of which: 1-3 mm, 3-6 mm, 6-10 mm are enriched with additives and packed, and the remaining fraction 0.01-5 mm is transferred to the granulation workshop, in which the calibrated raw materials of the selected fraction are passed through a rotary crusher, in which crushed and homogeneous the raw material, then the homogeneous raw material is fed into the storage hopper, from which it is transferred to the auger, then additives are fed into the auger, after which the the calculated amount of water is supplied, then the resulting mixture is dosed into the granulator, then granules are obtained and packaged, while the raw material from the corncob and additives are used in the following ratio, wt%: corncob granules 60.0-99.5 odor absorber 0.05-40.0