RU2746772C1 - Method of complex application of robotic means of fire destruction and radio-electronic suppression of the system of active protection of armored vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mobile remotely controlled robotic systems designed to combat tanks and other armored vehicles on the battlefield. Two ground-based remotely controlled mobile robotic platforms are used together (in a complex), the first of which is equipped with a multi-channel directional radiation jammer that provides radio-technical and optical-electronic suppression of information and measurement channels of the radar, infrared and ultraviolet ranges of the active protection system of the armored object. The second platform is equipped with a means of fire destruction in the form of a remote version of one of the domestic anti-tank missile systems. To increase the survivability, range of radio communication and reliability of control, an additional ground-based remotely controlled mobile robotic base station with a repeater on board is used.

EFFECT: combat effectiveness of the fight against tanks and other armored objects is increased.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mobile remotely controlled robotic systems designed to combat tanks and other objects of enemy armored vehicles (targets) on the battlefield.

There are a large number of anti-tank missile systems (ATGMs) designed for fire destruction of armored vehicles. Among the domestic ATGMs, the most effective and demanded are the Metis-M portable complex, the Kornet and Konkurs-M portable systems [1]. On the battlefield, the complexes operate in conjunction with the "Commander-E" wearable automated control complex for anti-tank subunits [2]. From foreign countries, ATGM "Javelin" (USA), "Spike" (Israel) [3] are widely known and widespread.

With all the advantages and differences of the complexes in the method of delivery and deployment, the method of guidance of anti-tank guided missiles (ATGM) (infrared homing, by wire, laser beam, radio channel), the type of warhead, ammunition, weight and overall characteristics and other parameters, these ATGMs unite a common disadvantage is the lack of electronic suppression (EAP) systems of active protection (SAZ) of attacked targets, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of their combat use. In addition, the activation of weapons and equipment of the complexes requires the direct participation of military personnel, which, in contact with the enemy's advanced formations, also reduces the survival rate of personnel.

Known robotic systems for fire support and combat operations, a distinctive feature of which is the use of one [4] or a group (two or more) [5] robotic remote-controlled self-propelled platforms. The platforms are equipped with an on-board payload module (combat module) with a means of fire destruction of a target, an on-board control system, navigation and data reception / transmission, on-board vision and power supply systems. At the same time, a portable or portable ATGM constructively combined with a combat module can be used as a removable means of fire destruction. The complexes also include a remote control point (remote control) and a repeater (complex [4]) to provide remote communication between onboard transmit / receive means and military personnel.

The use of robotic platforms and a repeater eliminates the need for advanced deployment of military personnel, which guarantees the survival of personnel. However, as in the analogs [1-3], the complexes [4, 5] also lack the means of REP SAZ of enemy armored vehicles.

There is a method of delivery of jammers (PP), which are thrown using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) of electronic warfare (EW) used as aerial robots. The method is formulated in a patent for an invention [6], according to which the control of the launch and flight of UAV-robots, the dumping of the PPs placed on board and the subsequent operation of the PP for radio suppression is performed from the remote control. Communication between the remote control and the control panel is realized through repeaters on board the UAV. The result is the suppression of radio communications in a given area of the terrain and frequency range.

The disadvantages of the method [6] are:

1. The limitation of the suppressed radio frequencies to the range of radio communication equipment that does not coincide with the frequency ranges of other radio-electronic equipment (RES) used on the battlefield (in particular, radar equipment (radar) of the armored vehicles CAZ) does not allow providing the electronic means of these equipment.

2. The use of low-power nondirectional radiation dropped (immobile after landing) and placed on small-sized UAVs of non-directional radiation does not provide an aggregate interference power sufficient to suppress mobile RES of armored vehicles spaced at considerable distances.

3. The use of relatively widespread in the tactical level of electronic warfare means on UAVs, which require significant time and material resources in the preparation and use of significant time and material resources, is ineffective in a fast-paced maneuvering battle of motorized rifle and tank subunits.

Closest to the claimed invention is a method of delivering radio interference directors using a mobile robotic complex electronic warfare [7]. The complex includes a UAV with low-power PP and a repeater installed on board, a ground-based remote-controlled mobile robotic platform (a ground-based highly passable mobile robot (MP) in the terminology of [7]) with an on-board high-power PP and a remote control panel. Control of the movement of UAVs and MPs to specified areas and the operation of their PP is carried out from the remote control via the corresponding radio communication channels directly. If the direct channel of the remote control-MP is lost, the robot is controlled via a repeater. The areas of UAV loitering and MP movement along the route are coordinated when preparing the initial data for the use of the complex. The result is radio suppression in the assigned frequency band or specific nominal frequencies of the RES of the given objects.

The prototype method [7], having in its composition a wide-range powerful radio jammer placed on the MP, is free from the first and second disadvantages of the analogue method [6]. At the same time, it has the following main disadvantages:

1. The use, as in the method [6], of a UAV with a repeater on board, sufficiently vulnerable to enemy weapons and requiring significant resources when using, reduces the reliability, stability and efficiency of control of the mobile robotic complex.

2. Restriction by setting only non-aimed in the direction (non-directional radiation) radio interference reduces the effectiveness of radio-technical suppression of the RES CAZ and excludes the possibility of optoelectronic suppression of the receiving devices (sensors) of the infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) ranges used or planned for use as part of the SAZ promising samples of armored vehicles.

The main disadvantage of the method [7], in common with the method [6], is the lack of means of fire destruction of armored vehicles with the SAZ placed on board.

The listed disadvantages constitute a general disadvantage of the prototype method, which consists in its low combat effectiveness.

The purpose of the claimed invention is to create a highly effective way to combat tanks and other objects of armored vehicles on the battlefield through the integrated use of robotic weapons of fire destruction and electronic suppression of the active protection system.

To achieve this goal in the method of complex application of robotic weapons of fire destruction and RED CAZ of armored vehicles, which consists in the fact that the RED in the form of a jammer is installed on a ground-based remotely controlled mobile robotic platform, the platform movement and the operation of the PP are controlled from a remote control post via a radio channel communication through a repeater, additionally the means of fire destruction of armored vehicles is installed on a second similar robotic platform, the movement of the platform and the operation of the means of fire destruction are controlled from the remote control similarly to the first platform, the repeater is installed on a ground remotely controlled mobile robotic base station, the movement of the base station and the operation of the repeater are controlled directly from the remote control via the radio channel, while the repeater is designed to provide communication with the platforms via radio and fiber optic communication channels, platforms with installed multichannel PP of directional radiation and a means of fire destruction, a base station with an installed repeater and a remote control is performed with the possibility of synchronous use of platform means for REP SAZ and fire damage to armored vehicles on the battlefield, while ensuring the proactive activation of the PP for a time equal to the time of combat the use of means of fire destruction.

The essential distinguishing features of the claimed invention in comparison with the prototype are:

1. The use of the means of fire destruction of armored vehicles, installed on the second robotic platform, together with the PP on the first platform, ensures complete neutralization of the SAZ and the armored vehicle object as a whole. At the same time, the use of the same platforms achieves the unification of important components of the technical implementation of the proposed method.

In the prototype, the means of fire destruction and its carrier - a robotic platform are not provided. The task of neutralizing armored vehicles is partially solved and is limited to the REP SAZ. Accordingly, there is no control function with a remote control means of destruction and a carrier.

2. Installation of a repeater on a ground-based remote-controlled mobile robotic base station located in the same positioning area with robotic platforms ensures reliability, stability and efficiency of platform control on the battlefield. The execution of the base station with the principles of construction, operation and application, similar to robotic platforms, also contributes to the unification of technical solutions that implement the claimed method.

In the prototype, the repeater is installed on a patrolling UAV, which leads to low reliability, stability and efficiency of platform (MP) and PP control. The base station and, accordingly, its movement control from the remote control is not provided.

3. The design of the repeater with the ability to provide parallel communication with the platforms via radio and fiber-optic communication channels guarantees high (taking into account the second channel, almost absolute) noise immunity of receiving / transmitting control signals between the remote control and the platforms.

In the prototype, the control of the mobile robot and its PP is carried out only via a radio channel, which is subject to intense interference on the battlefield by the enemy's electronic warfare equipment.

4. The multichannel PP of directional radiation installed on the first platform provides, firstly, channel-by-channel radio and optoelectronic suppression of RES and IR and UV sensors that are part of the SAZ (see below for more details), and, secondly, formation of high-intensity interference in narrow directional patterns (beams) with low power consumption of transmitters.

The prototype uses only nondirectional radiation of radio interference, which requires a high power of the transmitters and does not cover the entire operating frequency range of the BAC receivers.

5. The execution of platforms with installed PP and fire destruction means, a base station with a repeater and a remote control with the possibility of synchronous use by REP SAZ and fire damage to armored vehicles gives the maximum possible cumulative result of their joint coordinated use with minimal combat losses, which, in turn, ensures high final effectiveness of means of suppression and destruction on the field.

This task is not considered in the prototype.

6. Preemptive switching on of the PP for a time equal to the time of combat use of the means of fire destruction (preparation, launching of the ATGM and the final destruction of the target) ensures the advance REP SAZ to neutralize the means of intercepting the ATGM and the rational use of the resource of the PP power supply system (shutdown synchronous with the ATGM)

The prototype does not have this feature.

The technical result consists in increasing the combat effectiveness of the fight against tanks and other objects of armored vehicles due to the integration of robotic weapons of fire destruction and electronic suppression of the active protection system.

The claimed invention is illustrated by the following graphic materials:

FIG. 1. Scheme of the complex use of robotic weapons of fire destruction and REP SAZ armored vehicles on the battlefield.

Note - For example, the tank "Merkava", SAZ "Trophy" and ATGM "Metis-M" are conventionally shown. The lines of the radio communication channels of the remote control-repeater and the repeater-platform are shown in blue, the lines of the fiber-optic communication channel of the repeater-platform are shown in red. The remote control is not shown.

The essence and advantages of the proposed method are partially set out in the distinctive features. In addition, we will consider in more detail the functions and the possibility of technical implementation of the main components necessary for the practical application of the method.

We begin our consideration with a multichannel RI of directional radiation. The number and technical characteristics of the PP channels are determined by the number and characteristics of the suppressed channels of the information-measuring component of the BAC of the neutralized armored vehicle.

Currently, the most widespread are the universal domestic SAZ "Arena-E", designed to equip a wide range of armored vehicles, and the SAZ "Tgorpu" (Israel), installed on the heavy tank "Merkava" [8-10]. Common to the systems is the presence of one information-measuring channel based on four radars of a circular view of the upper hemisphere, which are similar in characteristics, dispersed over the surface of the armored object. Radars solve the problem of detecting, tracking attacking ATGMs and issuing initial data for on-board interceptors. SAZ "Trophy" is used in the US armored forces as a temporary intermediate option until the end of the development of its own promising modular system MAPS (Modular Active Protection Systems).

The most perfect is the finished in development domestic SAZ of the new generation "Afganit", intended for installation on armored vehicles of the "Armata" family [11]. The system contains three information and measurement channels:

- the channel of the pulse-Doppler radar in the frequency range f = 26.5-40 GHz (wavelength λ = 1.13-0.75 cm) with four AFAR panels dispersed on the armored object tower (AFAR - active phased antenna array);

- a channel of six infrared HD-cameras of a circular view (near infrared range, λ up to 1000 nm);

- a channel of four UV direction finders operating on ionized plasma in the exhaust of ATGM engines (λ = 250-290 nm).

The integration of the measurement data of the channels is performed by the SAZ computer system, which performs automatic detection, tracking of ATGMs (other attacking shells) and activating interceptors.

Believing that it is SAZ "Afganit" that determines the direction of development of other, including foreign, promising projects, this system in the claimed invention is chosen as a prototype of the object of electronic suppression on the battlefield. First of all, this applies to channels and their frequency ranges.

To suppress the radar channel of the SAZ by affecting the input circuits and the first stages of the receiving path of the radar, the most effective is the emission of nanosecond electromagnetic microwave pulses with the central frequency of the frequency spectrum f ₀ = 37.5 GHz (λ = 0.8 cm) [12]. The spectrum of such an interference signal with a margin overlaps the operating frequency range of the radar. Its formation in the corresponding PP channel can be realized using a relativistic Cherenkov microwave generator with a peak radiation power of more than 1 GW [12], which is sufficient to suppress the SAZ radar on the battlefield. For the emission of microwave pulses, it is advisable to use a highly directional AFAR, which provides an increase in the range of damage due to the addition of power in space. Since the mass and size parameters of the generator and the grating are determined by the wavelength of the emitted vibration, they are suitable (small enough) for use in a PCB installed on a small robotic platform.

An example of the technical implementation in the PC of means for suppressing (blinding) IR and UV channels of the SAZ can be the pulsed solid-state lasers with diode pumping of the LS-1-N, LS-2-N, LS-3-N (IR) and CLS- series available on the market. 1-Q, CLS-2-Q, CLS-AOM-Q (UV) [13]. The emitted power from lasers of this type is concentrated in a beam with a divergence of no more than 3 mrad. The most preferred samples are LS-3-N-980 S and CLS-AOM-Q-266 with a maximum average output power of 10 ~ 50 W and ~ 200 mW, respectively. Since lasers are single-mode or narrow-spectrum, in order to overlap the frequency ranges of the SAZ channels, it is advisable to include several samples with different frequency settings in the PP channels, or aiming one at a time with accurate knowledge of the operating modes of IR and UV sensors of the SAZ. In the first case, a rational redistribution of the placement of optoelectronic suppression means using a third robotic platform is possible.

The technical implementation of the means of fire destruction does not cause difficulty, since it is used as a remote version of one of the domestic anti-tank systems discussed above. For its application, the second supporting robotic platform is equipped with a universal device used in the troops for installing and securing a means of fire destruction and a remotely controlled aiming and triggering mechanism. As mentioned earlier, the control of the movement of both platforms and the operation of the PP and the weapon is carried out from the remote control.

The function of remotely controlled robotic platforms is to deliver PP and ATGM to the front position. The requirements for the simplicity of delivery and deployment of the platforms themselves, stealth and ease of control on the battlefield determine the need for their execution with small weight and size characteristics. An example of the implementation of a platform with such characteristics is the platform of IRobot Corporation (USA) [14] (shown in Fig. 1). Among the domestic ones, the universal platform of the small-sized robotic complex "Captain" developed by the Central Research Institute of RTK is most suitable.

The remotely controlled mobile robotic base station is designed to transport the repeater to the standby position and return it to its original position. An example of the technical implementation of the station is the transport version of the robotic complex "Nerekhta" with a cargo platform developed by JSC "Plant im. V.A. Degtyarev "(shown in Fig. 1).

Radio communication channels of a remote control with a repeater and a repeater with platforms are implemented, for example, on the basis of components of the 802.11 / b / g / n standard, which is widely used in the construction of dynamic communication networks. For a longer range of radio channel lines, in addition to the standard configuration, the repeater can be equipped with a high-power transceiver amplifier and a whip antenna with a high gain in the horizontal plane (battlefield plane).

A fiber-optic communication channel line should be built according to a standard scheme using elements widely available on the market for the design and installation of fiber-optic lines. These elements are an optical cable for duplex communication of the repeater with platforms, optical cross-sections for connecting the cable to the input circuits of optical transmitting and receiving paths of the repeater and platforms, multiplexers and demultiplexers, regenerators at the receiving ends of the line, transmitting lasers and photodetectors, modulators and amplifiers.

The remote control can have a movable and stationary design. It contains one or several automated workstations (AWS), built on the basis of standard personal computing facilities adopted for the supply of the Armed Forces. The workstation is additionally equipped with an 802.11 / b / g / n radio modem for communication with a repeater.

Thus, the claimed method for the integrated use of robotic means of fire destruction and electronic suppression of the active protection system of armored vehicles can be implemented and provides an increase in the combat effectiveness of fighting tanks and other armored vehicles.

Information sources:

1.zonwar.ru/granatomet/ptrk.html/. - Great military encyclopedia.

2.topwar.ru/161278-protivotankovye-raketnye-kompleksy-tretego-pokolenija.html/. Military Review, August 19, 2019.

3.http: //roe.ru/catalog/sukhoputnye-vosyka/kompleksy-sredstv-avtomatizirovannogo-upravleniya-ognem-artillerii/komandirsha-e/.

4. Patent RU 2725942.

5. Patent RU 2533229.

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8. It is impossible to destroy. Umbrella for armored vehicles - active protection. 05/13/2020 / https: //zavtra.ru/books/unichtozhit_nevozmozhno_zontik_dlya_bronetehniki_aktivnaya_zashita/.

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12. Electromagnetic systems and means of deliberate action on physical and biological objects. "Radioelectronics", RENSIT / 2014 / volume 6 / number 2 / pp. 129-169 / docplayer.ru / 48484750 /.

13.lascompany.ru/index.php/produktsiya/import/lazernye-sistemy/.

14. US patent 7556108 B2.

Claims (1)

A method for the integrated use of robotic weapons of fire destruction and electronic suppression (EW) of the active protection system of armored vehicles, which consists in the fact that the EW means in the form of a jammer (PP) is installed on a ground-based remotely controlled mobile robotic platform, the movement of the platform and the operation of the PP are controlled from the post remote control (RCU) via a radio communication channel through a repeater, characterized in that the means of fire destruction of armored vehicles is installed on a second similar robotic platform, the movement of the platform and the operation of the means of fire destruction are controlled from the remote control similarly to the first platform, the repeater is installed on a ground-based remotely controlled mobile robotic base the station, the control of the movement of the base station and the operation of the repeater are performed from the remote control via the radio communication channel directly, while the repeater is designed to provide communication with the platforms via radio and fiber-optic communication channels, platforms with installed multichannel PP of directional radiation and a means of fire destruction, a base station with an installed repeater and a remote control are performed with the possibility of synchronous use of platform means for the REP of the active protection system and fire destruction of armored vehicles on the battlefield, while providing preemptive activation PP for the time of work, equal to the time of combat use of the means of fire destruction.

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