RU2745933C1 - Device for heating viscous liquid hydrocarbons when draining from a transport tank - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: liquid storage, consumption and draining.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to means of draining oil, fuel oil, oils and other viscous liquid hydrocarbons from railway and automobile tanks at low ambient temperatures. It can be used at various objects of their storage and consumption. The device for heating viscous liquid hydrocarbons when draining from the transport tank contains a heat generator, four heat exchangers installed in pairs in the lower part of the shell of the transport tank on both sides of its longitudinal axis and fixed to it with clamps, a heating tray for the drain pipeline, heating and return air ducts.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of heating of viscous liquid hydrocarbons when draining from the transport tank.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a means of draining oil, fuel oil, oils and other viscous liquid hydrocarbons from railway and automobile tanks at low ambient temperatures and can be used at various objects of their storage and consumption.

One of the difficult problems associated with the transportation of liquid hydrocarbons with a high pour point is their heating during the emptying of railway and road tanks at low temperatures, ensuring safety, completeness and acceptable duration of discharge.

When reviewing the technical literature, a number of technical solutions related to the specified problems were identified.

A device for heating and draining oil and oil products from a container (options) is known, containing a suction pipeline, a starting container for a heated product, equipped with a heater and a safety valve, a pumping unit in the form of a twin-screw pump unit with a steam jacket, at the inlet and outlet of which axial compensators are mounted. displacements, a heat exchanger in the form of a vertical shell-and-tube steam heater with a safety valve, pipelines for supplying the product and heat carrier to the heat exchanger, a pressure pipeline for the bottom part, a pipeline for draining the heated product from the bottom of the tank, a heat carrier drain pipeline, in which a control and shut-off valves equipped with sensors and a non-return valve, a control system for the operation of the device with the ability to smoothly start the pumping unit, a heating cable for the product supply pipeline, condensate drains installed on the l steam outlet from the starting tank and from the heat exchanger to the coolant outlet pipeline, a local control place in the operator's working area, including the display of the device's sensors, a bypass line to the condensate drainage pipeline installed on the pipeline for supplying the coolant to the starting tank, a coolant take-off pipe for technological needs with shut-off valves, installed on the coolant pipeline, a nozzle with rotating nozzles, installed on the hydromonitor in the bottom part (utility model patent RU 132787, cl. B65D 88/74, publ. September 27, 2013, bul. No. 27).

The disadvantages of this device are:

- the complexity and cumbersomeness of the structure, requiring high costs for its manufacture and operation;

- insufficient opportunities to ensure the completeness of emptying the container, due to the use of the top discharge technology, which predetermines the formation of a non-draining product residue at the bottom of the container;

- the inability to evenly distribute heat along the horizontal plane of the container, which also predetermines the formation of a non-draining product residue on its walls and shell.

Known is a device for electric heating of a fuel oil tank containing an electric heater, the winding of which is placed in an insulating shell made of foil-clad getinax with the possibility of mounting on the cylindrical surface of the tank, a magnetized frame on the surface of the electric insulating shell of the electric heater adjacent to the tank body, made of steel strips with a thickness that provides flexibility and fastening to the tank body using magnetic forces, thermal insulation made of foam foam applied to the outer surface of the electrical insulating shell (patent for invention RU 2710792, class B65D 88/74, B65D 88/748, publ. 14.01.2020, bull. No. 2).

The disadvantages of this device are:

- fire hazard of the device in the event of possible short circuits in the electric heater;

- the need for additional labor costs for preliminary cleaning of the surface of the tank at the place of installation of the electric heater to ensure reliable fastening of its magnetized frame to the surface of the tank;

- the need to apply significant muscular efforts when disconnecting the magnetized frame of the electric heater from the tank.

Closest to the claimed invention is a heating system for a fuel oil tank containing a flexible design of a heating element installed on the tank and connected to a power source, which is built into a closed system for supplying heated air to the heating element and removing air cooled during heat transfer from it, a compressor, a heat exchanger, connecting and shut-off valves, a magnetized mesh fixed on the surface of the heating element in the form of a hollow hermetic airtight shell adjacent to the tank body, and made of thin steel strips, ensuring its flexibility and connection with the tank body using magnetic forces, and on the outer thermal insulation is mounted on the surface, the hollow hermetically sealed airtight envelope is equipped with inlet and outlet nozzles, the inlet nozzle is connected to the compressor through an intermediate heat exchanger, and the outlet nozzle is connected to the compressor by a refrigerated exhaust line air, into which an air inlet and outlet is built in front of the compressor (patent for invention RU 66666, cl. B65D 88/74, B65D 88/748, publ. 11.11.2019, bul. No. 32).

The disadvantages of this device are:

- insufficient efficiency of the heated air use, caused by the loss of thermal energy to warm up the wall of the heating element to transfer heat to the wall of the tank, as well as the lack of opportunity for heating the drain pipeline connected to the tank;

- the need for additional labor costs for preliminary cleaning of the surface of the tank at the place of installation of the electric heater to ensure reliable fastening of its magnetized frame to the surface of the tank;

- the need to apply significant muscular efforts when disconnecting the magnetized frame of the electric heater from the tank.

The problem solved in the invention is to eliminate these disadvantages by developing the design of a device for heating viscous liquid hydrocarbons when discharging from a transport tank, ensuring the safety of its operation, efficient use of the generated heat energy and reducing labor costs during its operation.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of heating viscous liquid hydrocarbons when discharging from the transport tank.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved as a result of the fact that, according to the invention, a device for heating viscous liquid hydrocarbons when unloading from a transport tank contains a heat generator combined into a common closed system by means of heating and return air ducts, four heat exchangers, installed in pairs in the lower part of the shell a transport tank on both sides of its longitudinal axis and fastened to it with clamps, and a heating tray for the drain pipeline, while the heat generator consists of an electric air heater, an air receiving tank and a compressor installed between them on an intermediate pipe, and each heat exchanger on the side adjacent to the shell transport tank, made with a perforated contact edge.

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1-4.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a device for heating viscous liquid hydrocarbons when unloading from a transport tank, general view.

FIG. 2 schematically shows a heat generator, a sectional top view.

FIG. 3 schematically shows a heat generator, side sectional view.

FIG. 4 schematically shows a heat exchanger, side sectional view.

FIG. 1-4, the following designations are used:

1 - transport tank;

2 - drain pipe;

3 - drain pipeline;

4 - heat exchanger;

5 - heat generator;

6 - heating duct;

7 - return air duct;

8 - clamp;

9 - heating tray;

10 - heat insulating body;

11 - electric air heater;

12 - intermediate pipe;

13 - compressor;

14 - air intake tank;

15 - dispensing pipe;

16 - inlet pipe;

17 - inlet pipe;

18 - inlet valve;

19 - perforated contact face.

A device for heating viscous liquid hydrocarbons when unloading from a transport tank works as follows.

In the heat-insulating housing 10 of the heat generator 5, an electric air heater 11 is installed with two dispensing pipes 15 attached to it and an air intake tank 14 with an intake pipe 16 and an inlet pipe 17 attached to it, equipped with an inlet valve 18. The internal cavities of the electric air heater 11 and the air intake tank 14 are connected between is an intermediate pipe 12 with a compressor 13 installed in its middle part. Each of the four heat exchangers 4 is made hollow, equipped from the side adjacent to the transport tank 1 with a perforated contact surface 19, and its other edges are made in a heat-insulating structure. Heat exchangers 4 are interconnected in pairs by two clamps 8. Heating tray 9 is also made hollow with a heat-insulating structure of its edges that do not contact the surface of the drain pipe 3 with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the drain pipe 2 of the transport tank 1. Heating pipes are connected to the dispensing pipes 15 and heat exchangers 4. air ducts 6 made with thermal insulation applied to them. Return air ducts 7 are installed between the heat exchangers 4 and the heating tray 9, as well as between the heating tray 9 and the inlet 16 of the air receiving tank 14. As a result, they form a general closed system for heating the transport tank 1.

To heat the transport tank 1 in the lower part of its shell on both sides of its longitudinal axis, using clamps 8, heat exchangers 4 are installed in pairs, a drain pipe 3 is connected to the drain pipe 2, placing it in the heating tray 9, and a valve (not shown) is opened, which is equipped with a drain pipe 2.

Turn on the electric air heater 11 and the compressor 13 of the heat generator 5. The heated air is fed through the dispensing pipes 15 through the heating ducts 6 into the internal cavities of the heat exchangers 4 and under the influence of the temperature of the air passing through the perforated contact face 19 and the temperature of the perforated contact face 19 itself, the lower part of the shell is heated transport tank 1.

The air leaving the heat exchangers 4 through the return air ducts 7 is fed into the inner cavity of the heating tray 9 and the drain line 3 is heated. From the heating tray 9, through the return air duct 7, through the intake pipe 16, it is fed into the air receiving tank 14 of the heat generator 5, and then through the intermediate pipe 12 under by the action of the compressor 13 - into the inner cavity of the electric air heater 11, thereby providing a closed cycle of movement of the heated air. When the permissible vacuum is exceeded in the inner cavity of the air receiving tank 14, a corresponding volume of external air is taken through the inlet 17 and the inlet valve 18. Minimization of heat losses during air heating is ensured through the use of a heat-insulating housing 10 of a heat generator 5.

Thus, as a result of the implementation of the proposed technical solution, the safety of its operation is ensured, the efficient use of the generated heat energy and a decrease in labor costs during its operation and an increase in the efficiency of heating viscous liquid hydrocarbons when discharging from the transport tank.

Claims (1)

A device for heating viscous liquid hydrocarbons when unloading from a transport tank, containing a heat generator combined into a common closed system by means of heating and return air ducts, four heat exchangers installed in pairs in the lower part of the shell of the transport tank on both sides of its longitudinal axis and fixed to it with clamps, and heating tray for the drain pipeline, while the heat generator consists of an electric air heater, an air intake tank and a compressor installed between them on the intermediate pipe, and each heat exchanger on the side adjacent to the shell of the transport tank is made with a perforated contact edge.

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