RU2744679C1 - Method for predicting disadaptation of students during internship - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to functional diagnostics, general medical practice, and can be used to predict maladaptation of students before industrial practice/internship. A heart rate assessment is conducted, as well as assessment of physical asthenia, by using the MFI-20 scale questionnaire, and the risk of maladjustment (MA) is calculated using the original calculation formula. With a positive MA value, the student is defined as maladjustment-prone. If MA value is negative, it is concluded that the student is adapted to work practice.

EFFECT: method allows increasing the objectivity of diagnostics of student maladaptation during work practice by taking into account individual physiological and psychological reactions during initial training.

1 cl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of medicine and pedagogy, in particular, it is possible to use it in functional diagnostics and in general medical practice.

The national system of state power sets serious tasks aimed at increasing the provision of highly qualified personnel. One of the ways to solve the problem is the targeted training of students in higher educational institutions (HEI). In a number of universities, students are sent for practical training in institutions located outside the university, including at the place of conclusion of the target agreement. New social conditions in which students find themselves can lead to psycho-emotional stress, contribute to the development of asthenic syndrome, and as a result, lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of the educational process, as well as motivation for future work and the development of maladjustment.

From the existing level, a method for assessing the reserves of physical health and working capacity of the population, proposed by V.A. Orlov, is known. (Patent RU 2147208, 2000), which determines the weight-to-height coefficient, resting pulse, blood pressure, vital indicator, oxygen consumption, evaluates the flexibility of the spine, the visual-motor response in the test with the capture of the falling ruler, the strength endurance of the muscles of the arms and shoulder girdle for by measuring the number of push-ups from the floor, strength endurance of the abdominal muscles, pulse recovery, assess resistance to hypoxia by arbitrarily maximum breath holding, coordination of movements, general performance, stroke volume. As you can see, the focus of the proposed method is exclusively functional parameters, and the physical performance itself depends on the age and degree of fitness of the subject.

Disadvantages of the proposed method: resource intensity, namely high time spent on conducting the survey, exactingness to the qualifications of specialists conducting the research, in addition, the method does not reflect the individual personality characteristics of the mental response of the surveyed.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a method for determining whether a student belongs to the risk group of examination distress, proposed by E.S. Maklakova. with co-authors (patent RU 2460460, 2012). Common features with the claimed method - focus on stress factors arising in the learning process. The method identifies laboratory markers of stress.

The disadvantages of this method is the lack of consideration of individual personality characteristics of mental response, as well as the invasiveness of the proposed tests.

The objective of the claimed invention is to develop a method for diagnosing disadaptation of students during industrial practice, based on psychological and functional testing.

The technical result is to increase the objectivity of the method for predicting disadaptation of students by taking into account the individual personality characteristics of the mental response.

The proposed method for predicting the maladjustment of university students during industrial practice will take into account individual physiological and psychological reactions during training, identify a risk group for the development of maladjustment before industrial practice, and also carry out targeted preventive and rehabilitation measures.

This result is achieved by determining the heart rate at rest, assessing asthenia using the questionnaire MFI 20 questionnaire and calculating the risk of maladjustment using the formula.

The method is carried out as follows. The student is measured the heart rate in a sitting position, after 15 minutes of rest, by palpation of the radial artery, in one minute. Asthenia is assessed by questioning the student on the MFI-20 scale (The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory) [Smets E.M., Garssen B., Bonke B., et al. The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) psychometric qualities of an instrument to assess fatigue // J Psychosom Res, 1995. - Vol. 39 (3). P. 315-325]. The well-known MFI-20 scale contains 20 questions. In accordance with the state of health, the respondent assesses his condition and notes in each statement the degree of its applicability on a five-point scale.

1. I feel healthy.

Yes, that's true 1 2 3 4 5. No, that's not true.

2. Physically I am capable of little.

Yes, that's true 5 4 3 2 1. No, that's not true.

3. I feel active.

Yes, that's true 1 2 3 4 5. No, that's not true.

4. Everything I do gives me pleasure.

Yes, that's true 1 2 3 4 5. No, that's not true.

5. I feel tired.

Yes, that's true 5 4 3 2 1. No, that's not true.

6. I think I do a lot in a day.

Yes, that's true 1 2 3 4 5. No, that's not true.

7. When I am doing something, I can concentrate on it.

Yes, that's true 1 2 3 4 5. No, that's not true.

8. Physically I am capable of many things.

Yes, that's true 1 2 3 4 5. No, that's not true.

9. I am afraid of the things I need to do.

Yes, that's true 5 4 3 2 1. No, that's not true.

10. I think I do very little in a day.

Yes, that's true 5 4 3 2 1. No, that's not true.

11. I can concentrate well.

Yes, that's true 1 2 3 4 5. No, that's not true.

12. I feel refreshed.

Yes, that's true 1 2 3 4 5. No, that's not true.

13. It takes me a lot of effort to concentrate.

Yes, that's true 5 4 3 2 1. No, that's not true.

14. Physically, I feel bad.

Yes, that's true 5 4 3 2 1. No, that's not true.

15. I have many plans.

Yes, that's true 1 2 3 4 5. No, that's not true.

16. I get tired quickly.

Yes, that's true 5 4 3 2 1. No, that's not true.

17. I have very little time to do.

Yes, that's true 5 4 3 2 1. No, that's not true.

18. It seems to me that I am not doing anything.

Yes, that's true 5 4 3 2 1. No, that's not true.

19. My thoughts are easily scattered.

Yes, that's true 5 4 3 2 1. No, that's not true.

20. Physically, I feel great.

Yes, that's true 1 2 3 4 5. No, that's not true.

Processing of results. For each of the listed subscales, its own total score is calculated.

General asthenia (questions No. 1, 5, 12, 16).

Reduced activity (questions number 3, 6, 10, 17).

Decreased motivation (questions No. 4, 9, 15, 18).

Physical asthenia (questions No. 2, 8, 14, 20).

Mental asthenia (questions No. 7, 11, 13, 19).

When determining the severity of asthenic syndrome, the sum of points is calculated on the subscale "physical asthenia" (questions No. 2, 8, 14, 20). An excess of the sum of the indicator by more than 12 points indicates pronounced violations.

The development of maladjustment is calculated by the formula:

YES = -0.008 * X1 + 0.5 * X2 + 0.8 * X3 + 0.13 * X4-11.5;

where YES - maladjustment, point,

X1 - indicator of physical asthenia on the MFI20 scale, point,

X2 - gender, where 1 - female, 2 - male,

X3 - place of industrial practice, where 1 - at the location of the university, 2 - cities outside the university,

X4 - heart rate, beats / min.

If the YES value is positive, then a conclusion is made about a high risk of maladjustment, an unfavorable prognosis; if the YES value is negative, then the risk of maladjustment is low, and the prognosis is favorable.

Examples of specific implementation.

Example 1. A student, an indicator of physical asthenia on the MFI20 scale of 13 points, a place of industrial practice outside the university, a heart rate of 88 beats / min.

YES = -0.008 * 13 + 0.5 * 1 + 0.8 * 2 + 0.13 * 88-11.5

YES = 1.9

Conclusion. Disadaptation. The student is maladapted to undergo industrial practice.

Example 2. A student, an indicator of physical asthenia on the MFI20 scale of 7 points, a place of industrial practice at the location of the university, heart rate 58 beats / min.

YES = -0.008 * 7 + 0.5 * 1 + 0.8 * 1 + 0.13 * 58-11.5

YES = -2.7

Conclusion. Adapted. The student is adapted to practical training.

Example 3. Student, the indicator of physical asthenia on the MFI20 scale is 5 points, the place of industrial practice is outside the university, the heart rate is 60 beats / min.

YES = -0.008 * 5 + 0.5 * 2 + 0.8 * 2 + 0.13 * 50-11.5

YES = -1.1

Conclusion. Adapted. The student is adapted to practical training.

Thus, the use of the proposed method makes it possible to more accurately (sensitivity 94%, specificity 100%, ROC analysis AUX 98.1%) determine the development of maladjustment of students in universities during their industrial practice by taking into account the individual physiological and psychological reactions of students, to identify a risk group for development maladjustment before industrial practice, which will allow to carry out targeted preventive and rehabilitative measures during training with students from the risk group.

Claims (8)

A method for diagnosing disadaptation of students before industrial practice, characterized in that the student's heart rate at rest is determined, the indicator of physical asthenia, which is assessed by the questionnaire method according to the MFI 20 questionnaire, takes into account the gender and place of industrial practice, after which the risk of maladjustment is calculated using the formula: YES = -0.008 * X1 + 0.5 * X2 + 0.8 * X3 + 0.13 * X4-11.5; where YES - maladjustment, point, X1 - indicator of physical asthenia on the MFI20 scale, point, X2 - gender, where 1 - female, 2 - male, X3 - place of industrial practice, where 1 - at the location of the university, 2 - cities outside the university, X4 - heart rate, beats / min, and if the YES value is positive, then the student's development of maladjustment is determined, if the YES value is negative, it is concluded that the student is adapted to industrial practice.