RU2742905C1 - Device for limiting rollback and adjustment part of device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: device for fixing the limit rollback contains a sensor for indicating the limit rollback, an indicator connected to the sensor, a part fixed to the breech and causing the indicator to move during rollback. The sensor is fixedly mounted on the cradle, while a curved two-armed lever is fixed on the axis fixed to the cradle. One of the arms is located opposite the sensor rod, and a roller is installed on the other arm of the lever, so that the inclined edge of one of the protrusions of the regulating part fixed on the breech and made with the possibility of a stepwise change in the position of the face when it is replaced by another face of the part relative to the initial position by rearranging the part, interacts with it when rolling back. The regulating part with its working element, namely the inclined edge, acts on the working element of the transmission link - a two-armed lever in the form of a roller, causes the rotation of this lever and the sensor is triggered when the maximum rollback is reached. The adjusting part has the shape of a rectangular plate with two working rectangular protrusions shifted relative to each other in the recoil direction and rotated by 45 relative to the plane of the plate. By installing the leash in one of 4 possible positions of the sides of the square projections, a change in the stroke of the sliding parts is achieved until the sensor of the device for fixing the maximum rollback is triggered.

EFFECT: invention provides remote fixation of the maximum rollback of the implement, simplification of adjustment due to the use of a regulating part.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The proposed technical solution relates to military equipment and can be used in the design or modernization of artillery guns.

In various devices, it is often necessary to restrict the movement of working bodies. For artillery guns, such a limiter is the value of the maximum rollback, which is determined by their design. The value of the amount of rollback of the implement, determined by the rollback indicator, can be used to determine the correct operation of the recoil devices. Increased rollback indicates fluid leakage from rollback brakes, or critical wear of the sealing elements.

As the simplest means of measuring the rollback value in the rollback indicator, a ruler installed on the outer side of the stationary part of the tool is used, with the range of rollback lengths permissible for this type of guns. The device used in this case is made in the form of a pointer movable relative to the used means of counting (an engine on a scale, a sight), which is acted upon by a leash fixed on the movable part of the gun (Artillery Course, book 4 D.E. Kozlovsky M. Military Publishing House of the NKO USSR, 1941, p. 185). The use of such a mechanical indicator requires constant monitoring of the rollback by the crew. In this case, the pointer before each shot or test must be set to the initial position. The same principle was used in subsequent designs of guns (Ministry of Defense of the USSR "125-mm tank guns 2А46М and 2А46М-1. Technical description and operating instructions", Moscow, Military publishing house, 1983, pp. 15, 93-96, prototype) ... The position of the maximum rollback is indicated on the ruler by the inscription "Stop" and is fixed only visually by the pointer, which is pressed against the ruler by an elastic element. That is, the device for fixing the maximum rollback of a tank gun includes a ruler with the inscription "Stop", which can be defined as a means for indicating the position or magnitude of the maximum rollback, a pointer stopping opposite the inscription "Stop" at the maximum rollback, and a detail (leash, stop, pin) on the movable part of the implement, acting on the part of the indicator protruding towards the movable part of the implement. The position of the pointer on the ruler is set with a normalized clearance relative to the part, for example, the stop of the movable part of the implement, acting on the pointer when rolling back. With an extended rollback, the instruction suggests providing the set value of the gap without specifying the content of this operation. As presented in the above technical description and operating instructions, the stop for the first modification is welded in and the pin for the second modification is pressed in. In this case, the stop is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped or plate. Such a design of the regulating part, in principle, does not make it possible to correct any gap and requires improvement in this regard.

It is known that in the design of multi-link mechanisms, it is often necessary to maintain a gap between some two links, often strictly limited in size. Solving the problem by tightening the tolerances of the parts entering the mechanism with a large number of links turns out to be impossible or simply economically unjustified. As a means of solving the above problem, you can use an expansion joint part, the drawing of which provides for several dimensional versions of any element; filing any part of the mechanism in place or fixing the part in place with the necessary clearance, for example, by pinning the lever to the axis in place.

The above adjustment techniques have certain disadvantages: some of the gaskets are made, but not used; the interchangeability of parts is violated, it becomes necessary to lock the elements of the mechanism by strapping with wire, lock washers, punching or locking compounds. Application of these methods leads to complication and decrease in the reliability of the structure. The regulation process can be either continuous or stepwise. Various solutions in this area are described, including in the patent literature. So in the technical solution set forth in the certificate number 1450970, the distance to the stop is changed by rotating the eccentric element acting on the inclined stop arm (Certificate No. 1450970, B23Q16 / 00, dated 09.04.1986). The introduction of a threaded pair with a locknut into the mechanism is proposed in the technical solution for the machine tool stop (Certificate No. 343816, B23Q1 / 18, dated 10.04.1970). In A.S. No. 453515 used interconnected washers for similar purposes. As the working elements wear out, the number of washers decreases. A simple solution is proposed for an adjustable stop in the form of holes located at a certain distance from each other, and a retainer inserted into these holes (Inventory Certificate 1058683, B21D43 / 00, B21D28 / 14, dated 15.05.1981). That is, by rearranging the latch, which serves as an adjusting part, the distance to the stop is changed and thus the range of operation or fixation of the position of the device. In the solution describing a device for adjusting the stroke of the brake piston, stepped strips are used, which can be manufactured as a single piece or a set of gaskets of different lengths (Inventory Certificate No. 358557, F16D67 / 04, dated 08.23.1971, prototype). As described, the bar is a rectangular plate with a stepped adjustment means at one end and an attachment means on the other side of the plate. The part performs the regulating function by rearranging from one position to another. The proposed design is difficult to use for a different configuration of mating elements.

With the advent of uninhabited fighting compartments in tank building, there was a need for remote diagnostics of some gun parameters, including the rollback length. Obviously, the construct of undo pointers described above is not suitable for this purpose. Both objects of the claimed group of inventions are aimed at solving a common problem, the essence of which is to develop a design for a device for remote fixation of the maximum recoil of artillery guns and which would be able to adjust the response range.

This problem is solved, first of all, due to the technical result obtained using the proposed solution and consisting in providing remote fixation of the maximum rollback of the tool and simplifying the adjustment of the device used for this through the use of a regulating part.

This result is achieved by the fact that in the device for fixing the maximum rollback of a tank gun, containing a means for indicating the maximum rollback, an indicator associated with the tool, a part fixed on the breech and causing the movement of the indicator during rollback, the following changes are made, namely: As a means of indication and indicator of the limit rollback, a sensor is used, fixedly mounted on the cradle so that it gives an electrical signal at the moment the rollback parts reach the set maximum rollback length, while a curved two-armed lever is fixed on the axis fixed to the cradle, one of the arms of which is located opposite the rod sensor, and a roller is installed on the other arm of the lever, with which, during rollback, the inclined edge of one of the protrusions of the regulating part, made with two tetrahedral protrusions, with the possibility of stepwise positioning of the edge when it is replaced by rearranging the part of the inclined edge with another face of the same protrusion, interacts upa or the faces of another protrusion when rearranging the part relative to the initial position of the first sloped face.

Distinctive features of the claimed device are the following: a sensor with a rod as a means of fixing or indicating the limit rollback, a curved two-arm lever with a roller at one of its ends, a regulating part that has the ability to stepwise adjust the position of the working element of the part interacting with the lever roller.

Indeed, the proposed implementation of the device with an electric sensor as a rollback indicator mounted on a fixed base - a cradle or a fence, and interacting with any element on the rollback parts, for example on the breech, can remotely fix the maximum rollback. The sensor generates an electrical signal upon mechanical action on its movable element - the rod of a certain transmission link, when the recoil length approaches the limit value.

Theoretically, direct contact is possible, for example, when the breech presses on the sensor rod. In practice, it is structurally more convenient to organize a part specially fixed to the breech, and transfer the movement to the sensor rod using an intermediate element - a transmission link installed on the cradle. The transmission link has a working element for interacting with the part and an element for interacting with the sensor.

The part has at least one working element (for example, an inclined face) that interacts with the working element of the transmission link. The working element of the transmission link can be squeezed down or sideways - the working element of the part must have a corresponding squeezing profile.

As a rule, the tolerance for signal output along the rollback length is quite limited, and the transmission link used to trigger the sensor requires adjustment. Meanwhile, the gap between the two links of the mechanism can be adjusted by introducing special adjusting parts into the structure, which can be installed in two or more positions (positions), which makes it possible to stepwise adjust the gap with a constant or variable step.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the claimed group of solutions on the subject of the invention "regulating part" is achieved by the fact that in the regulating part for the device, made in the form of a rectangular plate with means for adjustment and fastening, the holes introduced for fastening are located at the edges of the plate and have axes parallel side faces of the plate. On the latter, rectangular projections rotated by 45 ° are made with beveled corners between the edges and with the axes or centers of the projections displaced both relative to the centerline of a rectangular plate or the average distance between the axes of the holes, and between themselves. In this case, one of the inclined edges of the said protrusion, directed towards the roller installed at the end of one of the arms of the curved two-armed lever of the device for fixing the maximum rollback, acts on the specified roller during rollback. When you rotate the part in the vertical plane by 180 °, the working element becomes another face of the same protrusion, the position of which is shifted relative to the position of the first face. When the second protrusion is installed in the working position by turning the part by 180 ° in the horizontal plane, a second increased change in the indicated position is achieved. And with the next rotation of the part by 180 ° in the vertical plane, the third increased relative to the previous change in the position of the face relative to the specified roller is achieved.

Distinctive features of the claimed regulating part are the following: the presence of mounting holes, 45 ° rotated rectangular protrusions with beveled corners between the edges and with the axes or centers of the protrusions displaced both relative to the centerline of the rectangular plate or the average distance between the axes of the holes, and between themselves, the presence of a working faces (the face of the protrusion interacting with the roller during device operation), changing the geometric position of the working face of the part when it is rearranged. Indeed, the proposed implementation of the regulating part in the form of a rectangular repositionable plate with protrusions located on two opposite sides of the plate and having inclined edges allows the device to have an adjustable interval of kickbacks adjacent to the limit and specified in the design documentation. The proposed design of a 4-position part, allowing 4 possible positions, satisfies the requirement for ease of adjustment for the device. Each setting of the workpiece corresponds to a certain path of the working element before the sensor generates a signal. The adjusting part allows 3-stage adjustment with a step equal to the rollback tolerance. Thus, both objects of the claimed group of inventions, when used together, provide a solution to a single problem with obtaining the specified single technical result.

The claimed group of inventions meets the requirement of unity of invention, since a group of different-object inventions forms a single inventive concept, and one of the declared objects of the group - a regulating part - is intended to implement another declared object of the group - a device for fixing the maximum rollback, while both objects of the claimed group of inventions are directed to solve the same problem with a single technical result.

The applicant's search and analysis of information from available sources did not reveal information about analogues of the claimed group of inventions with features identical (identical) to all essential features of each of the objects in the claimed group of inventions. Therefore, each of the objects of the group of inventions corresponds to the criterion of protection of "novelty".

The search and analysis of known solutions similar to the claimed group of inventions did not reveal the popularity of the use of a set of distinctive features for solving similar problems with obtaining the same result. The search results showed that each object of the claimed group of inventions does not follow explicitly for a specialist from the prior art.

Consequently, each of the objects of the claimed group of inventions corresponds to the criterion of protection "inventive step".

The absence of technical, technological and other obstacles for the industrial implementation of the declared objects and the very fact of the industrial sale of these objects by the applicant confirm the compliance of each of the objects of the claimed group of inventions with the criterion of protectionability "industrial applicability".

The essence of the invention is explained by the example of its specific execution given below, which does not exclude other possible variants or modifications of its implementation within the framework of the claims stated below, and the drawings, which show: FIG. 1 schematically shows a side view of the device according to the invention with an adjusting piece, and FIG. 2 is a top view in the firing position.

The design of the proposed device in the triggering position is shown in Fig. 1 on the right side of the figure. And on the left is the regulating part with its possible positions during adjustment. Here, on the breech 1, an adjusting piece 2 is installed, which is made in the form of a rectangular plate with holes for fastening with bolts 3, having on the sides two rectangular protrusions 8 and 14 (Fig. 2) rotated by 45 ° and shifted relative to each other along the long side or direction of rollback. Rectangular tabs have beveled corners between faces. The displacement of the axes or centers of the protrusions both relative to the centerline of the rectangular plate or the average distance between the axes of the holes, and between themselves allows you to change the position of the lower right face 10 when rearranging the part. This inclined edge 10 of the specified protrusion 9 is directed towards the roller 6 installed at the end of one of the arms of the bent two-armed lever 5 of the device for fixing the maximum rollback, and acts on the specified roller 6 during rollback. The curved double-arm lever 5 here plays the role of a transmission link. The second arm of the said lever 5 is located opposite the sensor rod 7. Other faces of the projections 9 and 14 are used as working only if they fall into a position equivalent in the direction of face 10 when repositioning part 2. In this case, their metric position is offset by 5 mm, as shown in fig. 16, for the first position 11, by 10 mm for the second position 12 and by 15 mm for the third position 13. The first position is reached when the part is rotated in the vertical plane of 180 °, the other face of the same protrusion becomes the working element. The second position 12 is performed when the second projection 14 into the working position by turning the part by 180 ° in the horizontal plane. There is a second increase in the movement of the third edge of the protrusion 14 to position 12, With the next rotation of part 2 by 180 ° in the vertical plane, a third increased relative to the previous change in position 13 of the edge relative to the specified roller is achieved. The curved two-armed lever 5 is installed rotating around the horizontal axis 8, fixed on the cradle 4. The roller 6, in turn, is mounted on the axis 15 of the curved two-armed lever 5. In principle, the design of the adjusting part of the device can be different, which is not of fundamental importance for the fixation process ... The device works as follows. With a normal rollback length within the limits determined by the operating instructions for the product, the working edge of one of its projections 9 or 14 does not act on the roller 6 and the sensor does not give out a signal. When the value of the limiting rollback (Lstop) is reached, part 2 with the working face 10 of one of its protrusions 9 or 14 slides onto roller 6. Lever 5 turns, releasing the rod of the sensor 7, which generates an electrical signal. To obtain a signal at a given rollback length, part 2 can be installed in one of four positions or positions, when part 2 is rotated by 180 ° in the vertical and horizontal planes. In this case, the working face of the part can occupy one of the positions 10, 11, 12, or 13, as shown in Fig. 1. With a uniform adjustment step of 5 mm, the range of the edge position change will be 5 × 3 = 15 mm.

The achievable adjustment step will in many cases satisfy the operational requirements, especially if the adjustment step is equal to the rollback tolerance.

The proposed design of the device with a part having an adjustment of the position of the working surface does not require gaskets, threaded connections, filing in place, and is implemented on a promising product. The introduction into the design of multi-link mechanisms of multi-position parts for adjusting gaps or strokes is also applicable for use in other areas of mechanical engineering.

Claims (2)

1. A device for fixing the limit rollback, containing a means for indicating the limit rollback, an indicator associated with the tool, a part fixed to the breech and causing the movement of the indicator during rollback, characterized in that a sensor is used as a means of indication and indicator of the limit rollback, motionless installed on the cradle, while on the axis fixed to the cradle, a curved two-armed lever is fixed, one of the arms of which is located opposite the sensor rod, and a roller is installed on the other arm of the lever, so that the inclined edge of one of the protrusions of the regulating part, fixed on the breech and made with the possibility of a stepwise change in the position of the face when it is replaced by another face of the part relative to the initial position by rearranging the part, interacts with it when rolling back. 2. A regulating part of the device for fixing the limit rollback, made in the form of a rectangular plate with means of stepwise adjustment and fastening, characterized in that the fastening holes are located at the edges of the plate and have axes parallel to the side faces of the plate, while the latter are rotated by 45 ° rectangular protrusions with beveled corners between the edges and with the axes or centers of the protrusions offset both relative to the centerline of a rectangular plate or the average distance between the axes of the holes, and between themselves, so that in the initial position one of the inclined edges of the specified protrusion is directed towards the roller installed at the end of one of the arms of the curved two-armed lever of the device, and acts on the specified roller when the maximum rollback value is reached, and when the part is rotated in the vertical plane by 180 °, the other face of the same protrusion becomes the working element, the position of which is displaced in relation to the position of the first face, far away that is, when the second protrusion is set to the working position by rotating the part by 180 ° in the horizontal plane, a second increased change in the indicated position is achieved, and with the next rotation of the part by 180 ° in the vertical plane, the third increased relative to the previous change in the face position relative to the initial position is achieved.

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