RU2740393C1 - Economiser (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: thermal power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to vertical heat exchangers. Economiser includes housing, flue pipe, flue pipes, at that, the housing is of cylindrical shape with perforation on the side wall. Economizer has one lower base with perforation for arrangement of heat-accumulating material on it. Base is equipped with gate valve to regulate volume of inlet and outlet air with handle.

EFFECT: technical result is increase in room heating efficiency and user protection against thermal radiation.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Technology area

The invention relates to the thermal power industry, in particular to vertical heat exchangers, which are used to accelerate the process of heating a room, when installed in a chimney system. Mostly, such devices are used in bath stoves.

The efficient use of thermal energy obtained from the combustion of solid fuels is not an unimportant question that many manufacturers of heating equipment ask themselves. In order to provide an additional competitive advantage in the modern market of heating equipment, manufacturers are inventing various devices that allow increasing the productivity and efficiency of the heating device. In this case, consider one of the additions that can be installed in the chimney system of most furnaces - a heat energy economizer.

A conventional chimney pipe maintains a high temperature of only a small volume of the surrounding air, without creating moving currents inside the heated room. Since the area of a conventional chimney is very small, the volume of air that can be heated from this pipe is, accordingly, very small. In addition, air is a poor conductor of thermal energy, as a result, its warming up is very slow if you heat its entire volume at the same time. Using an economizer, the heated air, as it were, heats up in small portions, warming up faster, to a higher temperature and, creating a recirculation of air flows inside the room. Therefore, without using an economizer, the cost of heating a unit of air volume by a unit of flue gas volume will be much higher than using the declared device.

State of the art

Known utility model RU 188668 "HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE", which has a cylindrical body made of stainless steel, equipped with stiffening elements, an upper bell with a narrowing and a lower bell with an expansion for connection with the elements of the chimney. A screen is installed around the body, consisting of longitudinal elements connected to each other, the ends of which are bent and made in the form of curly petals. In addition, the sides of the longitudinal elements of the screen are provided with longitudinal ribs. The connection of the longitudinal elements is carried out by contact with the force (or pressing) of the ribs of the adjacent longitudinal elements. The screen is fixed on the body, near the stiffeners by means of welded joints of the shaped petals of the longitudinal elements with the body to form windows for air flow circulation. Stiffeners are made in the form of an annular convex relief. The heat exchanger is additionally equipped with ring clamps made of heat-resistant high-alloy stainless steel to strengthen the rigidity of the structure and center the longitudinal elements of the screen.

The disadvantage of the device is the lack of elements in the system capable of accumulating passing heat. This device retains heat, stopping it with side walls, which is not efficient enough, since heat transfer is associated with heating the thin sheets of metal from which the body is made. The metal is not able to give off heat to the surrounding air as fast as the air can absorb it. As a result, the bulk of the heat energy will escape through the chimney system into the environment, outside the heated room. Also, this model does not have any units for adjusting the volume of passing air, which entails an uncontrolled heat flow, and the heating rate of the heated room, (see RF patent No. RU 188668 www.new.fips.ru)

Known utility model RU 120195 "ECONOMIZER WITH A HEAT EXCHANGER", which includes a chimney made of metal in the form of a straight cylinder. The fence can be made in the form of a straight cylinder, coaxial with the pipe and having a diameter larger than the pipe diameter, from a metal mesh or a metal sheet with notches. The specified implementation of the fence allows you to achieve uniformity of heat transfer between the pipe and the heat storage charge. The area between the metal flue gas shaft and the fence can be filled with a heat storage charge. Heat storage media (for example, natural stones) allows you to get steam and allows you to keep warm in the room after the fuel burns out. The flue gas shaft, guard and heat exchanger can be made of stainless steel. Stainless steel has the necessary heat resistance characteristics and is quite technologically advanced. On the outer surface of the heat exchanger, two fittings can be installed to facilitate the connection of other external consumers of heated water, for example, an external water accumulator (tank).

The disadvantage of this utility model is the complexity of manufacturing a sealed tank for heating water. In addition, cold water entering the heating tank will regularly absorb thermal energy not only from the chimney pipe, but also from the ambient air in the heated room, which will lead to a decrease in the efficiency of its heating, in general. Also, one of the disadvantages is the lack of a directed flow of heated air passing through the heat-accumulating stones and the inability to regulate the volume of passing air. Due to the limited overall dimensions of the heated premises, the dimensions of this device will correspond to the dimensions of other devices of this type. Dividing it into two modules (with an accumulating stone and water loading) will lead to low efficiency of both one module and the other (see RF patent No. RU 120195 www.new.fips.ru)

Disclosure of invention

The main objective of the claimed invention is to develop an economizer design for a furnace that will increase the efficiency of heating the room by using thermal radiation of flue gases during their removal from the combustion chamber, and also, the design should provide for the ability to protect the environment and the user from excessive heat radiation from the chimney.

The task is achieved due to the design of the economizer intended for installation into the flue gas discharge system.

The declared economizer in all versions can be installed immediately in the chimney pipe after the stove, or anywhere along the entire chimney, for example, if the heated building has more than one floor, the economizer can be installed on a different floor than the stove and heat another additional room ...

The economizer, depending on the version, has two types of construction.

The economizer (1) in all versions has a chimney (1.1) and a body (1.2) of Fig. 1-4. Chimney (1.1) fig. 1-4 in all versions, is located coaxially inside the housing (1.2) and is made in the form of a hollow cylinder made of heat-resistant material, and has branch pipes (1.1.1) at the ends - seats for installation in the furnace chimney.

Also, the body (1.2) in all versions has at least one base, preferably the bottom (1.2.1) of FIG. 2, 4 (front view, bottom view).

The body (1.2) of Fig. 1, 2 according to the first embodiment is made in the form of a hollow cylinder made of heat-resistant stainless steel, in which the lateral surface is perforated in FIG. one.

The body (1.2) of Fig. 2 is connected to the chimney (1.1) by means of at least one fastening strip (1.3) of FIG. 2 (front view, top view), having a minimum and sufficient size to fix the structure, but not blocking access to the internal space between the chimney and the body.

Plank (1.3) fig. 2 (front view, top view) in the absence of an upper base or filling the space between the chimney (1.1) and the outer casing (1.2) with heat-accumulating material, plays the role of structural ribs preventing deformation of the casing (1.2) under the influence of the weight of the charging material accumulating thermal energy ...

The perforation of the side wall of the housing (1.2) of FIG. 1 contributes to an increase in the area of contact between the ambient air and the air heated inside the economizer, which leads to an acceleration of heat exchange between the room air and the air inside the economizer.

Perforation of the side surface (1.2) of FIG. 1 of the outer hollow cylinder may have a chaotic pattern, for example, many lines and holes located randomly, or regular, for example, in the form of a rhythmic pattern in FIG. 1, or in the form of geometric shapes such as circles, rectangles, squares, hexagons, etc. or in the form of patterns, for example, in the form of curls, flowers, or silhouettes of figures, for example, people, animals, plants, subjects, for example, from nature or from human life. In any of these embodiments, the same technical result will be achieved, namely, through the perforation holes, regardless of their shape, the ambient air will be in contact with the air heated inside the economizer.

In the second embodiment, FIG. 3-4, body (1.2) of Fig. 4 of the economizer (1) is made in the form of a lateral surface of vertical blocks connected at the edges and from above and below by the guides of FIG. 3.

Mineral blocks of stone can act as blocks, or they can be made of metal, including perforations, or of any non-combustible material that does not conduct thermal radiation. In any of these versions, the same technical result will be achieved, namely, protection from thermal radiation coming from the chimney.

The lower base (1.2.1) of Fig. 1-4 in all versions has perforations and connects the body (1.2) and the chimney (1.1). The perforation of the lower base allows you to open the air supply (2) into the space of the economizer (1), due to which the incoming air (2) passing through the economizer heats up and comes out through the top and the perforation holes, if any, heated, which will help accelerate the heating of the air in the heated space ...

In a particular case, in all versions, the economizer (1) of FIG. 1-4 can have not only a lower (1.2.1), but also an upper (1.2.2) base. The upper base (1.2.2) is perforated. Perforation of the upper base (1.2.2) facilitates the release of the air heated in the economizer (1).

Additionally, in all versions, the upper (1.2.2) and lower (1.2.1) bases of the economizer (1) can be equipped with valves (1.4) of Fig. 1-4, by means of which it is possible to regulate the volume of passing and outgoing air (2) of FIG. 2, 4 via economizer (1). So by opening / shutting off the air supply / outlet to / from the economizer, the degree of air heating can be regulated.

Gate valve (1.4) fig. 2, 4 is made in the form of a metal plate having a central hole in it, allowing it to be aligned with the chimney and fixed near the upper (1.2.2) and / or lower (1.2.1) base.

The gate valve (1.4), in addition to the central hole, has technological cutouts that allow opening the perforated holes of the upper or lower bases and are located in such a way that when it is turned around the chimney axis, they can partially close the perforated holes of the base (1.2.1) and / or (1.2 .2).

In order to safely rotate the valve (1.4) of FIG. 2, 4 during operation, it is equipped with a handle made of a material not subject to heating to temperatures dangerous to human health.

In the particular case of execution in all versions, the space between the chimney (1,1) and the body (1.2) can be filled with a heat-accumulating filler, for example, stones from Fig. 2 (1.5). In the presence of a heat storage load, the economizer (1) is able to accumulate a large amount of thermal energy, which allows heating the ambient air for a long time, even if the flue gases have stopped flowing into the chimney.

As a result, the economizer (1), due to its design, protects the user from thermal radiation from the chimney, which can harm health. In addition, the device allows you to speed up the process of warming up the heated room, to increase the efficiency of the use of thermal energy obtained as a result of burning solid fuel, which leads to a reduction in financial costs.

Brief Description of Drawings

fig. 1 - general view of the economizer according to the first embodiment;

fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a front view in section A-A, top and bottom views of the economizer according to the first embodiment.

fig. 3 - general view of the economizer according to the second embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a front view in section B-B, top and bottom views of the economizer according to the first embodiment.

Brief description of structural elements:

1 - Economizer;

1.1 - chimney;

1.1.1 - branch pipe;

1.2 - body;

1.2.1 - lower base;

1.2.2 - upper base;

1.3 - bar;

1.4 - valve;

1.5 - stones;

2 - air;

2.1 - heated air;

3 - flue gas.

Principle of operation

For any of the versions, the economizer (1) of FIG. 1-4 is installed instead of the section of the chimney leaving the furnace, through the seats (1.1.1) provided for the standard dimensions of the chimneys. From above on the economizer, through a similar seat (1.1.1), the continuation of the chimney is installed.

When the furnace is operating, flue gases (3) tend to the chimney and pass through the inner hollow cylinder (1.1), heating it, which in turn leads to heating of the air inside the economizer, and if the space inside the economizer is filled with a heat-accumulating filler, it also heats it up.

As you know, heated air (2.1) has a lower density than cold air, as a result, the volume of air entering the economizer (1) from below through the holes in the lower base (1.2.1), expanding, rushes upward as it heats up Fig. 2, 4, creating a directed flow inside the economizer, a thrust will be created inside the economizer, between the inner and outer cylinders. The space of the economizer (1) released by the hot air will receive the next volume of air, with a lower temperature, which, in turn, will be warmed up in the same way and will also rush upward along the hot walls of the inner hollow cylinder (1.1). Due to the limited internal space, the air flow will have a higher speed than without using the stated device.

If you want to slow down the rate of hot air recirculation, the user can close or completely close the lower valve (1.4) on the economizer (1), and in the case of the version with the upper base (1.2.2) and the valve on it, close or close the upper valve (1.4) fig. 2, 4.

Claims (4)

1. Economizer, including a body, a chimney, chimney pipes, while the body is made of cylindrical shape with perforation on the side wall, characterized in that it has one lower base with perforation for placing heat-accumulating material on it, while the base is equipped with a valve to regulate the volume of the incoming and exhaust air with a handle. 2. The economizer of claim. 1, characterized in that it has an upper perforated base. 3. Economizer, including a chimney, chimney nozzles, a housing, characterized in that it has one lower base with perforations for placing heat-accumulating material on it, while the base is equipped with a valve for regulating the volume of incoming and outgoing air with a handle, and the body is made in the form of vertical stone blocks connected at the edges at the top and bottom by guides. 4. Economizer according to claim 3, characterized in that it has an upper perforated base.

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