RU2739638C2 - Method for transportation of perishable goods by electrified railways, site for picking/installation of perishable goods from railway platforms and container train - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rail transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to transportation of perishable goods by electrified railways in isothermal containers, and can be used for transportation of perishable goods. Method for perishable cargo transportation by electrified railways is implemented as follows: container terminal of a departure station is used to form a container train with a diesel-generator container and isothermal containers mounted on the platforms with station assignments along the route, which is sent according to the schedule of the fast passenger train. Further, the train follows a "solid" schedule on the established route to large cities in a refrigerated container train with unloading and loading of containers on the lateral track of certain stations (reference) during the technological standstill of train within 1–2 hours.

EFFECT: as a result, perishable cargo is transported in isothermal containers with passenger speed, container train service time is reduced.

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Description

The group of inventions relates to railway transport, namely to the transportation of perishable goods by electrified railways in insulated containers and can be used to transport perishable goods, for example, from the Far East to the European part of the Russian Federation.

There is a known method of transportation of perishable goods in insulated wagons (see Skachkov, AA Transportation of perishable goods using the "Cold Express" technology [Text] / AA Skachkov, MI Mekhedov, VV Petrov // Railway transport. - 2018. - No. 9. - S. 51-54.).

The disadvantage of this method is the need to unload perishable cargo from an insulated train car to another mode of transport, usually cars, which requires a significant investment of time and does not allow railways to compete in this segment with other modes of transport.

The closest to the proposed method is the method of transporting perishable goods on electrified railways in insulated containers, through which a container train with insulated containers installed on platforms is formed and sent at the container terminal of the departure station with appointments to stations along the route where the container terminals are located. At such stations, wagons with containers that have individual power plants assigned to a given station are uncoupled from the train and, by a shunting locomotive, are fed to the container terminal, where the corresponding insulated containers are removed / installed from the platforms. If there is one or a group of containers as part of a wagon coupling, powered by a power plant based on a diesel generator container or a wagon, a wagon train with full containers is supplied to the container terminal. In addition, wagons with insulated containers can be sent from the terminals by wagon and group shipments, followed, respectively, in groupage, sectional and trains of other categories with the passage of processing in accordance with the plan of the established formation of freight trains. After arriving at the destination station, the wagons are delivered on the track of general and non-public use for carrying out cargo operations. (See Abramov, AA Container transportation by railway transport [Text] / AA Abramov // Study guide. - M .: RGOTUPS, 2004. - 332 p.).

The disadvantage of this method of transportation of perishable goods is: a significant time for servicing a container train due to the need to carry out shunting operations for uncoupling / coupling wagons with container trains, time for supplying / cleaning wagons with insulated containers, time for passing sorting operations with individual wagons or groups of wagons along the route in accordance with the plan for the formation of freight trains, the delay of the entire linkage of wagons with isothermal containers powered by a common power plant for unloading individual containers that arrived at the station at their destination.

The technical problem solved by the proposal is to ensure the transportation of perishable goods in insulated containers at passenger speed to the station along the route and to the destination station.

To solve this technical problem, we offer:

A method of transporting perishable goods on electrified railways in insulated containers, by which a container train with insulated containers installed on platforms is formed and dispatched at the container terminal of the departure station with appointments to stations along the route, on which the corresponding insulated containers are removed / installed from the platforms, on stations of destination / departure lateral electrified railway the track, equipped for performing technological operations to change the locomotive crew, is supplemented with a platform for removing / installing containers with a front loader equipped with a spreader, upon arrival at the station along the route, the container train is transferred to the side electrified railway. the way, along the length of the platform for removing / installing containers, relieve tension from the contact wire during the removal / installation of containers, combined with the performance of technological operations to change the locomotive crew;

A site for removing / installing insulated containers from railway platforms at an electrified railway station, equipped with a front-end loader with a spreader on an electrified railway. track, the overhead wire on the sides of the site is connected to the contact network of the station through automatic switches with remote control, to at least one automatic grounding switch and light and sound alarm elements;

A container train with isothermal containers and a diesel generator container installed on platforms, the electric circuits of the diesel generator container, platforms and insulated containers are connected by complementary connectors.

Side path. - The track, when following to which the rolling stock deviates along the turnout ... "(Rules for the technical operation of the railways of the Russian Federation" (approved by the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation on 05/26/2000 NTSRB-756) (revised on 03.07.2001, as amended on 09.03. 2004)

A 40-foot isothermal container has a heat-insulated body, in which refrigeration equipment is installed - a refrigeration unit and a control station for it. Refrigerated container is designed for the transportation and storage of goods that require a special temperature regime. First of all, these are food products (for example, oils and fats of various origins, frozen meat and sausage products, fish, seafood, other various food products, fruits, vegetables), as well as some types of chemical, pharmaceutical industries and other goods that require special temperature mode during their transportation and storage. The refrigerated container has two main units - the container body and the refrigeration unit with a control station. The container body is a rigid steel supporting frame, the outer surfaces of which are covered with steel or duralumin sheets. The inner lining of the 40 'container is made of stainless steel. The space between the outer and inner skin of the body is filled with polyurethane foam thermal insulation. The floor is made of an aluminum T-profile. The container is equipped with a refrigeration unit, which is powered from an external power source and with the help of a control station maintains the required temperature inside the cargo compartment in automatic mode, usually in the operating range from + 25C to -25C. From the control station, the unit operation cycle is programmed (operating time, shutdown, defrosting, ventilation, etc.), the operation of the main units is monitored, operating parameters are recorded in the memory, information on malfunctions. Refrigeration equipment supplies the air flow of the required temperature inside the cargo compartment at the floor level. This air flow follows the T-shaped floor profiles along the entire length 40 'of the container and rises along the doors to its ceiling. The flow then moves along the ceiling in the opposite direction, returning to the refrigeration unit. During such circulation inside the cargo space, the air flow heats or cools its internal volume and provides the temperature and humidity that are necessary to maintain the set regime, (http://speccont.ru/?product=40-ka-futovyj-izotermicheskij-refrizheratornyj -kontejner-uvelichennoj-vmestimosti

Known is a complementary connector with safety devices, which does not require manual connection / disconnection during loading / unloading (docking / undocking), made of two parts, one of which, a stationary part, such as a plug, is rigidly fixed to the body of the detachable part of the product, such as an orbital spacecraft, detachable in flight from the launch vehicle, and the other, movable part, such as a socket, is soldered at the free end of the cable fixed to the product body, for example, on the launch vehicle, docked with a plug (US Pat. RF No. 2110124, Mkl. H01R 13/62 , publ. 27.04.1998, patent RF No. 2165666, MKL H01R 24/0, F41F 3/04, publ. 20.04.2001), the complementary connector with safety devices does not require manual uncoupling when disconnecting, in particular when removing an isothermal container by a loader from the platform of the container train.

The proposed group of inventions can be implemented on existing equipment from known components. The applicant did not find other technical solutions of a similar purpose with similar essential features during a search in scientific and technical literature and patent documentation. Therefore, the applicant considers that the proposal for this application meets the criteria of patentability of the invention "novelty", "inventive step" and "industrial applicability".

The proposed method for the transportation of perishable goods on electrified railways in insulated containers is implemented as follows: at the container terminal of the departure station, a container train is formed with a diesel generator container installed on platforms and insulated containers with appointments at the station along the route, which is sent according to the schedule of a fast passenger train ... Further, the train follows a "fixed" schedule on the established route to large cities in a refrigerated container train, with unloading and loading of containers on the side track of certain stations (reference) during the technological parking of the train within 1-2 hours. At the support station located near the big city and the main technical station, on the side track, during the performance of technological operations to change the locomotive crew on the equipped site with a heavy-duty front loader, the container is removed from the platform with the simultaneous disconnection of the electrical circuits of the container with the appointment to this station and loading in its place of the container, following further along the corresponding route with the simultaneous connection of the electrical circuits of the container to the train platform. The unloaded container is delivered to the end consumer by road. The loading and unloading area has the minimum technologically and technically justified dimensions. The train arrives and leaves according to a rigid schedule, which allows you to draw up a schedule for the delivery of loaded or empty containers to the arrival of the train and loading the unloaded container onto the car almost after the completion of operations with the train. The loader must be of the appropriate lifting capacity with a lifting mechanism that allows working under the contact wire.

The overhead wire is sectioned over the front of loading and unloading operations, the place above the locomotive remains energized for the entire time of the technological parking of the train. Disconnection is carried out from the workplace of the station duty officer with automatic grounding of the contact wire. In addition, the side platform is equipped with light and sound alarms about the presence or absence of voltage in the contact network above the work front. The voltage is applied to the contact network after the end of loading and unloading operations and the unlocking of the voltage supply by the driver of the loader is released.

Claims (3)

1. A method of transportation of perishable goods on electrified railways in insulated containers, according to which a container train with insulated containers installed on platforms is formed and dispatched at the container terminal of the departure station with appointments at stations along the route, on which the corresponding insulated containers are removed / installed from the platforms , characterized in that at the stations of destination / departure, the side electrified railway track, equipped for performing technological operations for changing the locomotive crew, is supplemented with a platform for removing / installing containers with a front loader equipped with a spreader, upon arrival at the station along the route, the container train is transferred to the side electrified railway track, along the length of the container removal / installation site, the voltage is removed from the contact wire during the removal / installation of containers, combined with the implementation of technological operations to change the locomotive crew. 2. A site for removing / installing insulated containers from railway platforms at an electrified railway station, equipped with a front loader with a spreader on an electrified railway track, characterized in that the overhead wire on the sides of the site is connected to the station's contact network through remote-controlled circuit breakers, to the at least one automatic grounding switch and elements of light and sound signaling. 3. A container train with isothermal containers installed on platforms, characterized in that a diesel generator container is inserted into it, the electrical circuits of the diesel generator container, platforms and isothermal containers are connected by complementary connectors.