RU2737990C1 - Connecting element for polypropylene pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction, particularly, to connection of polypropylene pipes used for construction of water supply, conditioning and heating systems. Connecting element includes a hollow body with at least two funnels for introduction of pipes; the inner surface of the socket can be made cylindrical or in the form of a truncated cone turned with a wide base outwards. At that, the truncated cone or cylinder generatrix of at least one funnel is concaved inward along the radius, the circle center of which is shifted in height from the plane of the outer base. It is preferable that center of circumference of cylinder or truncated cone generatrix is offset in height from plane of outer base by 2/3 of height of cylinder or cone respectively. For each element standard size radius of circle is calculated, along which generatrix is made.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at providing higher accuracy of connection, as well as long-term strength, reliability and durability of pipes connection, ease of installation.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely to the field of joining polypropylene pipes used for the construction of water supply, air conditioning and heating systems, which is carried out by the method of polyfusion resistance welding. The connection can be made in the form of a fitting, in particular in the form of a sleeve (transition), tee, cross, elbow, union, elbow.

Known node for connecting a fitting and a pipe made of polymer materials RU 2557142, publ. 07/20/2015, including a polymer pipe fitting, a polymer plastic pipe covering the specified fitting, and a polymer shrink sleeve, covering the end of the specified pipe at the junction with the fitting. This connection is complicated in design and does not provide the alignment of the pipe and socket connection of the connecting element (fitting).

Known connecting elements for polypropylene pipes (fittings), produced in accordance with various standardizing documents (GOST 32415-2013 or ICS 23.040.45), including a hollow body with two or more sockets for the introduction of the ends of the pipes to be connected, adopted as the closest analogue. Known connecting elements or fittings, depending on the purpose, are divided into the following types: coupling, adapter, angle, tee or cross, collector, American, bypass. Fittings of the following standard sizes are produced: 110 mm, 90 mm, 75 mm, 63 mm, 50 mm, 40 mm, 32 mm, 25 mm, 20 mm. However, when joining pipes in such fittings, it is necessary to exert significant efforts to connect them, which leads to a violation of the alignment of the pipe fit into the connecting element, and the collection of excess molten material at the junction leads to a narrowing of the flow area and the creation of additional hydraulic resistance, which further leads to destruction of the connection.

The object of the present invention is to provide a connecting element for polypropylene pipes, which provides an accurate coaxial fit of the pipe into the socket of the fitting, prevents the accumulation of molten material in the connection zone and simplifies and speeds up the process of pipe assembly.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to provide increased accuracy of the connection, as well as long-term strength, reliability and durability of the pipe connection, ease of installation work.

The specified technical result is achieved in the design of a connecting element for pipes made of polypropylene, including a hollow body with at least two sockets for inserting pipes, where the inner surface of the bell is cylindrical or in the form of a truncated cone, facing outward with a wide base, according to the invention, forming a cone or the cylinder of at least one bell is made along an inwardly concave arc, the center of the circle of which is offset in height from the plane of the outer base.

In addition, the center of the circumference of the arc generatrix of the cylinder or truncated cone is offset in height from the plane of the outer base by 2/3 of the height of the cylinder or cone, respectively. In other words, we can say that the center of the circumference of the arc of the generatrix of a cylinder or a truncated cone lies in a plane parallel to the plane of the outer base of the socket and offset from it by 2/3 of the height of the socket from its base.

In this case, the radius of the circle along which the generatrix is made is calculated for each standard size of the element from the following ratios: R ₁₁₀ = 100% * R ₀ = 360.1 mm, R ₉₀ = 81% * R ₀ = 291 mm, R ₇₅ = 68% * R ₀ = 244.8 mm, R ₆₃ = 57% * R ₀ = 205.2 mm, R ₅₀ = 45% * R ₀ = 162 mm, R ₄₀ = 36% * R ₀ = 129.6 mm, R ₃₂ = 29% * R ₀ = 104.4 mm, R ₂₅ = 22% * R ₀ = 79.2 mm, R ₂₀ = 18% * R ₀ = 64.8 mm, where: R ₀ = 360.1 mm, R ₁₁₀ - socket radius for standard size 110 mm, R ₉₀ - socket radius for standard size 90 mm, R ₇₅ - socket radius for standard size 75 mm, R ₆₃ - socket radius for standard size 63 mm, R ₅₀ - socket radius for standard size 50 mm, R ₄₀ - socket radius for standard size 40 mm, R ₃₂ - socket radius for standard size 32 mm, R ₂₅ - socket radius for standard size 25 mm, R ₂₀ - socket radius for standard size 20 mm.

The design of the claimed connecting element is illustrated by the following figures, which show the following:

FIG. 1 - a connecting element in the form of a sleeve with cylindrical sockets in section;

FIG. 2 - a connecting element in the form of a sleeve with tapered sockets in section;

FIG. 3 - a tee-shaped connecting element in section;

FIG. 1 shows one of the embodiments of the invention, where the connecting element is made in the form of a coupling 1 with two sockets 2 and 3 for supplying pipes from two opposite sides of the coupling 1. FIG. 1 the essence of the invention is illustrated by the example of one of the sockets. According to the invention, the generatrix of the truncated cone or cylinder of at least one bell is concave inwardly along the radius. The inner surfaces of the bells 2 and 3 in this example are cylindrical, the outer base of the bell cylinder 3 lies in the plane a, forming 4 of the bell 3 cylinders is made concave inside the bell along the radius R, moreover, the center O of the circle with the radius R is displaced relative to the plane a of the outer base of the cylinder, that is, the center O of the circle does not lie in the plane a of the outer base of the bell cylinder 3. The center O of the circle is displaced towards the inner base of the bell cylinder. It is this displacement that makes it possible to create a generatrix of such a size and shape in the socket that, when the pipe is joined into the socket of the connecting element, the alignment of the pipe and socket is ensured, and the cavities formed around the pipe due to the execution of the generatrix of the socket along the radius is sufficient to accommodate the melted material.

Experimentally, the most preferable value of the value of the displacement of the center O of a circle with a radius R relative to the plane a of the outer base was obtained to achieve the claimed technical result. This value is 2/3 of the height h of the cylinder or truncated cone of the bell. FIG. 1 this is shown for a cylindrical bell 3, where the height h of the bell cylinder 3 is the distance between the outer and inner bases of the cylindrical bell 3, and the generatrix 4 of the bell 3 is made concave inward along the radius R, and the center O of the circle with radius R is displaced relative to the plane a of the outer base by 2/3 of the height h of the bell cylinder 3. This can also be described as, the center O of the circle along which the arc of the generatrix 4 of the bell cylinder 3 passes lies in a plane parallel to the plane a of the outer base of the cylinder and displaced relative to it by 2/3 of the height h of the bell cylinder 3 from its foundation. The amount of displacement of the center O by 2/3 of the height h is preferred, but not required.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention, in which the connecting element is made in the form of a sleeve 8, the sockets of which 5 and 6 are made in the form of truncated cones facing outward with wide bases. Plane b passes through the outer base of the conical bell 5, and the generatrix 7 of the truncated cone 5 is made along the radius R ₁ , and the center O _{1 of the} circle with radius R _{1 is} displaced relative to the plane b of the outer base by 2/3 of the height h _{1 of the} cone of the bell 5.

The generators of both all the bells of the connecting element and some of its bells can be made along the radius. The number of sockets made in accordance with the claimed invention is determined depending on the purpose of the connecting element and the properties of abutting pipes.

FIG. 3 shows a connecting element in the form of a tee in section, in which along the radius R ₂ and along the radius R ₃ the generators of two sockets of the tee out of three are made. Moreover, the center O _{2 of a} circle with a radius R _{2 is} displaced relative to the plane of the outer base of the bell by 2/3 of the height h _{2 of the} bell, and the center O _{3 of a} circle with a radius of R _{3 is} displaced relative to the plane of the outer base of the bell by 2/3 of the height h3 of the bell.

Figures 1-3 show connecting elements (fittings) made in the form of couplings and tees, but not limited to them. The claimed invention can also be made in the form of other known types of fittings (connecting elements): adapter, angle, crosspiece, collector, American, bypass.

Typically, polypropylene connecting elements are available in the following sizes: 110 mm, 90 mm, 75 mm, 63 mm, 50 mm, 40 mm, 32 mm, 25 mm, 20 mm. The optimal value of the radius R of the circumference of the generatrix of the inner surface of the socket was experimentally calculated, depending on which the value of the radius of the inner generatrix for each standard size of the connecting element is calculated. This optimum R ₀ value is 360.1 mm. For each standard size, the radius of the circle forming the socket is calculated from the following ratios:

R ₁₁₀ = 100% * R ₀ = 360.1 mm, R ₉₀ = 81% * R ₀ = 291 mm, R ₇₅ = 68% * R ₀ = 244.8 mm, R ₆₃ = 57% * R ₀ = 205 , 2 mm, R ₅₀ = 45% * R ₀ = 162 mm, R ₀ = 36% * R ₀ = 129.6 mm, R ₃₂ = 29% * R ₀ = 104.4 mm, R ₂₅ = 22% * R ₀ = 79.2 mm, R ₂₀ = 18% * R ₀ = 64.8 mm, where R ₀ = 360.1 mm, R ₁₁₀ - socket radius for standard size 110 mm, R ₉₀ - socket radius for standard size 90 mm , R ₇₅ - socket radius for standard size 75 mm, R ₆₃ - socket radius for standard size 63 mm, R ₅₀ - socket radius for standard size 50 mm, R ₄₀ - socket radius for standard size 40 mm, R ₃₂ - socket radius for standard size 32 mm , R ₂₅ is the radius of the bell for a standard size of 25 mm, R ₂₀ is the radius of the bell for a standard size of 20 mm. It is these values of the radii that allow for each standard size of the connecting element to achieve optimal indicators of maintaining the alignment of the pipe and socket while maintaining the full bore section at the joint.

The installation of polypropylene pipes using a connecting element by diffusion soldering is carried out as follows, described for the example of a socket 3. Using a heating element (not shown in the figures), the end of the pipe to be connected (not shown) and the inner surface of the socket 3 of the connecting element 1 are heated to the required temperature ... The execution of the inner generatrix 4 of the bell 3 along the radius allows centering the heating element inside the bell 3 of the connecting fitting 1 and thereby ensuring uniform heating of the bell 3. After reaching the specified melting temperature in the materials of the connected parts, the pipe and the connecting element 1 are removed from the heating element and the pipe end is joined to socket 3 of the connecting element 1. Execution of the generatrix 4 of the socket 3 along the radius R with an offset of the center O of the circle relative to the plane a of the outer base of the socket 3 makes it possible to maintain the alignment of the inserted pipe and the socket 3 of the connecting element 1, and also allows to distribute excess material to be melted without narrowing the flow section in the connection point of the elements, which leads to an increase in the durability of the connection service, and the connection design allows work on the installation of pipes without special skills. In a similar way, the pipes are installed using a connecting element, one or more sockets of which are made in the form of a truncated cone, as, for example, in the one shown in FIG. 2 connecting piece 8.

Thus, when installing pipes using the claimed connection, an increase in the accuracy of the connection is provided, as well as long-term strength, reliability and durability of the pipe connection, and the simplicity of the installation work performed.

Claims (13)

1. A pipe connecting element made of polypropylene, comprising a hollow body with at least two sockets for inserting pipes, the inner surface of the bell being made cylindrical or in the form of a truncated cone facing outward with a wide base, characterized in that the generatrix of the cylinder or truncated cone is at least one bell is made concave inward along the radius, the center of the circle of which is offset in height from the plane of the outer base of the cylinder or truncated cone, respectively. 2. An element according to claim 1, characterized in that the center of the circumference of the generatrix of the cylinder or of the truncated cone is offset in height from the plane of the outer base by 2/3 of the height of the cylinder or cone, respectively. 3. The element according to claim 1, characterized in that the radius of the circle along which the generatrix is made is calculated for each standard size of the element from the following ratios: R ₁₁₀ = 100% * R ₀ = 360.1 mm, R ₉₀ = 81% * R ₀ = 291 mm, R ₇₅ = 68% * R ₀ = 244.8 mm, R ₆₃ = 57% * R ₀ = 205.2 mm, R ₅₀ = 45% * R ₀ = 162 mm, R ₄₀ = 36% * R ₀ = 129.6 mm, R ₃₂ = 29% * R ₀ = 104.4 mm, R ₂₅ = 22% * R ₀ = 79.2 mm, R ₂₀ = 18% * R ₀ = 64.8 mm, where R ₀ = 360.1 mm, R ₁₁₀ - socket radius for standard size 110 mm, R ₉₀ - socket radius for standard size 90 mm, R ₇₅ - socket radius for standard size 75 mm, R ₆₃ - socket radius for standard size 63 mm, R ₅₀ - socket radius for a standard size of 50 mm, R ₄₀ - a socket radius for a standard size 40 mm, R ₃₂ - a socket radius for a standard size 32 mm, R ₂₅ - a socket radius for a standard size 25 mm, R ₂₀ - a socket radius for a standard size 20 mm.

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