RU2737252C1 - Method for determining a central ratio of jaws - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to a method for determining a central ratio of jaws by exposure to electric current to a ligamentous apparatus of a temporomandibular joint, temporal and mastication muscles. Electrodes are placed in the areas in front of each of the auditory canals in the projection of each of the temporomandibular joints. Electrodes are fixed to provide current flow through the temporomandibular joint structure. Electric alternating current pulses generated by the electric pulse generator before the jaws are placed in the correct position are passed through the electrodes. Frequency range of electric pulses ranges from 7 Hz to 100 kHz. Pulse current intensity range is from 1 nA to 1 mA.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and rate of finding a central ratio of jaws, as well as more accurate positioning of lower jaw by exposure to electric pulses on ligamentous apparatus of temporomandibular joint, temporal and mastication muscles.

20 cl, 12 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

This invention relates to the field of computer technology in medicine, namely to dentistry, in particular, to methods for determining the central ratio of the jaws, and can be used for the rehabilitation of patients after injuries of the maxillofacial region, in orthodontics in patients with occlusion pathology, and also for the treatment of patients with dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles, with loss of teeth, with carious and non-carious lesions of the teeth, accompanied by a loss of the central ratio of the jaws.

LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

From the prior art, there is a known method of electrostimulation of masticatory muscles by electric current pulses supplied in the form of alternating packs (see RU2156143, publ. 09/20/2009), characterized in that they act with two-phase electric current pulses with an amplitude of 3-30 mA, a phase duration of 10-250 μs , with a pulse repetition rate of 10 - 150 Hz, while the pulses follow in the form of a series of periodic packets with a duration of 0.3 - 1.0 s and a period of 0.6 - 2.0 s, while a series of pulses consists of the following phases: in the first phase the duration of pulses in bursts increases from 50 to 150 μs, and the pulse repetition rate increases from 50 to 100 Hz, in the second phase the duration of pulses in bursts increases from 100 to 150 μs at a repetition rate of 150 Hz, in the third phase the duration of pulses in bursts increases from 150 to 250 μs, and the pulse repetition rate decreases from 150 to 60 Hz, in the final phase, the pulse duration in the bursts decreases from 250 to 50 μs, and the pulse repetition rate decreases t from 60 to 10 Hz.

Also, from the prior art, there is a known method of treating dental patients with dysfunction of the masticatory muscles (see RU2472540, publ. 01/20/2013), including a transcutaneous effect on the muscles with an impulse current, characterized in that 4 types of conditions of the masticatory muscles are preliminarily determined: 1st type - optimal condition, type 2 - adaptive compensatory hypertrophy, type 3 - pathological hypertrophy, type 4 - functional decompensation; with dysfunction of the 2nd type of masticatory muscles, the effect is carried out by current pulses with a frequency of 15-30 Hz and a force of 8-10 mA, with dysfunction of the 3rd type, pulses with a frequency of 40-60 Hz, with a force of 5-8 mA, with dysfunction of the 4th type pulses of 30-40 Hz, 3-5 mA.

Also, from the prior art there is a known system for determining the position of the lower jaw to determine the normal position of the lower jaw of the subject (see US8632477, publ. 01.21.2014), comprising: a computer; a head movement measurement section for measuring head movement using a sensor adapted to be attached to the subject's head; a center calculating section for obtaining measurement data based on the head movement measured by the head movement measuring section, and calculating using a computer an approximate center of movement calculated by approximating the head movement as a rotational motion of a rigid body; a lower jaw path measuring section for measuring a plurality of mandibular masticatory paths using a sensor adapted to attach to a subject's mandible for a plurality of subject's mandible positions; and a position determining section for (i) computer-assisted approximation of the chewing movement of the lower jaw as a rotational movement of a rigid body to find one of a plurality of measured lower jaw paths whose center of movement in approximation coincides with the calculated approximate center of head movement, (ii) determining using computer of the approximate position of the lower jaw, corresponding to the found path of the lower jaw, and (iii) deriving the determined approximate position of the lower jaw as the normal position of the lower jaw for the subject.

Also, from the prior art, a method is known for stimulating the chewing, shoulder or back and facial muscles (see US 20050096711, publ. 05.05.2005), which is achieved by placing four output electrodes and at least one common electrode in close proximity to head, neck, shoulder or back of the subject, with two output electrodes located near the subject's ears and located along the upper back of the subject, where at least one common transmitting electrode is placed on the back of the subject's neck, usually just below the growth line hair, and muscle / nerve stimulation near each output electrode is achieved almost simultaneously by the current generated by the output electrodes.

Also, the MIO-STIM device is known from the prior art, which is used to determine the position of the physiological rest of the lower jaw and the position of the lower jaw relative to the anthropometric parameters of the head.

Myo-stim is able to generate high frequency pulses, with the ability to modulate signal width and low frequency pulses. The search for the center of stimulation or the location of the electrodes is carried out. In dentistry, for deprogramming, relaxation and contraction of the mouse maxillofacial region, electrodes are placed on the sigmoid area (incisure sigmoid) on the right and left, which makes it possible to stimulate the trigeminal ganglion. The third neutral electrode is located equidistant from the two stimulating electrodes for symmetry of the output pulses. By stimulating the trigeminal ganglion zone, all the muscles of the maxillofacial region are affected, which makes it possible to restore muscle balance and find the resting position of the lower jaw, which is the starting point in the structure of interaction between the lower jaw and the skull, where the muscle elements are in balance with each other.

The disadvantages of the known solutions include the fact that there is an effect on the VChNS region in the frequency range from 10 to 100 Hz, and for a long time (more than 10 minutes), for example, using the MIO-Stim apparatus.

The difference between the proposed solution is at least the frequency of exposure with the electrodes, exposure time and voltage, as well as the point of application of electrical impulses, since in the case of Mio-stim, the trigeminal ganglion is affected in order to contract all muscles of the maxillofacial region, in contrast to the claimed invention, since the main point of application of electrical impulses are Golgi receptors, temporal lobe and masseter muscles directly, therefore, contraction of all muscles does not occur.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention is aimed at eliminating the disadvantages inherent in existing solutions.

The technical result of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of finding the central ratio of the jaws and to increase the accuracy of positioning the lower jaw through the action of electrical impulses on the ligamentous apparatus of the temporomandibular joint and the temporal and masseter muscles. Also, the technical result consists in increasing the speed of finding the central ratio of the jaws through the action of electrical impulses on the ligamentous apparatus of the temporomandibular joint and the temporal and chewing muscles.

According to one embodiment, a method is proposed for determining the central ratio of the jaws by the action of an electric current on the ligamentous apparatus of the temporomandibular joint and the temporal and masticatory muscles, in which: at least one electrode is placed in the areas in front of each of the auditory canals, in projection or between the projection of each of the temporomandibular joints; fix at least two electrodes to ensure the flow of current through the structures of the temporomandibular joint; electric pulses of alternating current, generated by the generator of electrical pulses, are passed through the electrodes, at least until the jaws are in the correct position, and the frequency range of electrical pulses is from 7 Hz to 100 kHz, the range of the pulse current is from 1 nA to 1 mA.

In one particular embodiment, the voltage range applied to the electrodes is from 0.0001 Volts to 40 Volts.

In one particular embodiment, each of the two electrodes is placed in front of the auditory canal in the projection of the temporomandibular joint, each on one side.

In one of the private embodiments, at least two pairs of electrodes are placed in the projection or between the projection of each of the temporomandibular joint, at least one pair on one side.

In one particular embodiment, the power of the electrical pulses is characterized by at least the voltage applied to the electrodes, and the increase and decrease in the power of the electrical pulses is realized by adjusting the voltage applied to the electrodes.

In one particular embodiment, the power of the electrical pulses is increased in the range from 1 second to at least 60 seconds.

In one particular embodiment, the power of electrical impulses is increased until the moment when the patient begins to feel impulses, including a feeling of compression, vibration, tingling, intense sensations, but not painful.

In one particular embodiment, the fixation of the electrodes is carried out by means of at least one mechanical fixation and / or by means of adhesion of the electrodes provided by a conductive material.

In one particular embodiment, the parameters of the electrical pulses and / or the voltage and / or the current applied to the electrodes are changed during the determination of the central position of the jaws, and the frequency remains unchanged or varies from 7 Hz to 100 kHz.

In one particular implementation, the step between the previous and subsequent values of the voltage applied to the electrodes is at least 0.001 V.

In one of the particular embodiments, the pulse generator and / or at least one of the pulse generator elements is implemented by at least one computing device or at least one expansion board of the computing device.

In one of the private embodiments, the pulse generator includes at least one device for recording at least one pulse parameter and / or at least one parameter in a body region and / or at least one the parameter of a living organism to which the body part belongs

In one of the private embodiments, the pulse generator includes at least one device for adjusting at least one parameter of the pulses and / or at least one parameter of the electrical circuit in the said body region.

In one of the private embodiments, at least one said device for registering parameters and / or at least one said device for adjusting parameters is implemented by at least one computing device and / or at least one element computing device.

In one particular embodiment, the electrodes are inserted through the user's skin.

In one of the private embodiments, after placing the jaws in the correct position, the bite is registered, where the correct position is the position of the jaw when the condyles are in their highest position relative to the glenoid fossa or the physiological work of the joint and the dentition is provided.

In one of the private embodiments, the bite registration is carried out using dental silicone masses or alginate masses, or dental wax.

In one of the private embodiments, in the absence of teeth, bite registration is carried out using formed pads on the edentulous jaws.

In one particular embodiment, the pads to be formed are made in the form of wax rolls.

In one particular embodiment, markers are applied to the patches to register the relative position of the patches relative to each other and / or silicone is used to register the relative position of the patches relative to each other.

In one of the private embodiments, electrical pulses of alternating current continue to be passed through the electrodes after placing the jaws in the correct position until the end of bite registration.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates one example of a stretch reflex neural pathway;

FIG. 2 illustrates the relationship between the divisions of the central nervous system and moto-neurons in muscles;

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary pulse waveform according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of placing electrodes on the skin of a subject (user, patient) according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of the placement of two pairs of electrodes located on the skin of a subject (user, patient), according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary device used in the present invention;

FIG. 7 illustrates the structure of a human muscle tendon.

FIG. 8 illustrates the myototic reflex neural pathway;

FIG. 9 illustrates the jaw joint;

FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary arrangement of one of the electrodes in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 11 illustrates a flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method for carrying out the present invention;

FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a general purpose computer system.

DESCRIPTION OF OPTIONS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Objects and features of the present invention, methods for achieving these objects and features will become apparent by reference to exemplary embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed below, but may be embodied in various forms. The essence recited in the description is nothing more than specific details provided to assist a person skilled in the art in a comprehensive understanding of the invention, and the present invention is defined only within the scope of the appended claims.

Used in the present description of the present invention, the terms "module", "component", "element" and the like are used to refer to computer entities, which can be hardware / equipment (for example, a device, tool, apparatus, apparatus, part of a device, for example, processor, microprocessor, integrated circuit, printed circuit board, including electronic printed circuit board, breadboard, motherboard, etc., microcomputer and so on), software (for example, executable program code, compiled application, software module, part software or program code, and so on) and / or firmware (in particular, firmware). So, for example, a component can be a process running on a processor (processor), an object, executable code, program code, file, program / application, function, method, (software) library, subroutine, coroutine, and / or computing device (for example, microcomputer or computer) or a combination of software or hardware components.

According to one definition, the central jaw ratio is the ratio of the mandible to the maxilla, in which the condyles are in their highest position relative to the glenoid fossa. Such an arrangement is not observed in the case of dysfunction of the chewing organ, and the dysfunction of the chewing organ includes changes in dental occlusion, disruption of the masticatory muscles.

With partial loss of teeth, as well as with improper development of the dentition, the central ratio is violated.

The position of the lower jaw relative to the upper is controlled by the work of the chewing muscles. The masticatory muscles in a static position receive afferents from the central nervous system, namely, the so-called "slow stretch reflex" works, which ensures the maintenance of the posture, position in space. (“Instruction-dependent modulation of the long-latency stretch reflex is associated with indicators of startle”, Vengateswaran J. Ravichandran, Claire F. Honeycutt, Jonathan Shemmell, and Eric J. Perreault, Exp Brain Res. 2013 Sep; 230 (1 ): 59-69.doi: 10.1007 / s00221-013-3630-1).

FIG. 1 shows one example of a stretch reflex neural pathway.

Thus, in FIG. 1 shows: Long loop reflex pathway 111 , Spinal reflex pathway 121 , Motor neurons 131 , Stretch receptor 141 , Muscle 151 .

Studies have shown that the above reflex depends on the mechanical properties of the environment, and, for example, a modified load on one joint can lead to changes in the slow stretch reflex ("Stretch sensitive reflexes as an adaptive mechanism for maintaining limb stability" Jonathan Shemmell, Matthew A. Krutky, and Eric J. Perreault; Clin Neurophysiol. 2010 Oct; 121 (10): 1680-9. Doi: 10.1016 / j.clinph. 2010.02.166) Such mechanical properties may be tooth loss, resulting in a redistribution of chewing load, disruption of the anatomy of the dentition, leading to a redistribution of the chewing load or changes in the work of the temporomandibular joints and other changes.

According to studies ("Long-latency reflexes account for limb biomechanics through several supraspinal pathways", L. Kurtzer Isaac, Front Integr Neurosci. 2014; 8: 99, PMCID: PMC4310276, PMID: 25688187) a key role in the formation and modification of the slow stretch reflex plays the primary motor cortex, which gives off afferent impulses to motor neurons 131 , which in turn control muscles ( 151 ).

Changes in the dentition, namely adaptation to mechanical environmental conditions, occur due to the primary motor cortex and other parts of the central nervous system, such as the reticular formation, cerebellum, basal ganglion, and others.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the divisions of the central nervous system and moto-neurons in the muscles;

When environmental conditions change, the aforementioned parts of the central nervous system adapt the masticatory apparatus to the prevailing environmental conditions, but at the same time the central ratio of the jaws is lost.

One of the most accurate approaches to determining (finding) the central ratio of the jaws is the temporary elimination of the formed slow stretch reflex, in order to register the position of the lower jaw relative to the upper one, without an adaptive component of the masticatory muscles.

Finding the central relationship is a necessity for the normalization of the chewing apparatus during dental treatment.

In the present invention, the central ratio of the jaws is found by the action of an electric current supplied to the electrodes on the structures of the temporomandibular joint and the masticatory muscles, in particular with the help of an electric current with a minimum set (for example, by the user using the means described in the present invention, for example, device 606 , device 606 in automated mode, etc.) with a current of 1 nA (one nanoampere), which is the minimum value for the excitation of a nerve cell, and the maximum settable maximum current of 1 mA (one milliampere), the value of which is due (dictated) to considerations safety (maximum permissible values of touch voltages and currents (GOST 12.1.038-82, State Standard of the USSR, Occupational safety standards system, Electrical safety, Maximum permissible values of touch voltages and currents, https://www.rosteplo.ru/Npb_files/npb_shablon .php? id = 682) shown in Table 1), and with a frequency in the range from 7 Hz to 100 kHz, and can be used rectangular waveforms, sinusoidal waveforms, jagged waveforms with the characteristics described in the framework of the present invention.

Table 1. Maximum permissible values of touch voltages and currents

Current type U , B I , mA no more Variable, 50 Hz 2 0.3 Variable, 400 Hz 3 0,4 Constant eight 1

In a particular case, in the present invention, the finding of the central ratio of the jaws can be carried out by the action of an electric current supplied to the electrodes on the structures of the temporomandibular joint and the masticatory muscles, in particular, using an electric current with a current voltage of 0.0001 Volts to 40 Volts. The lower limit of the voltage range (0.0001 Volts) is selected (in particular, set using at least one of the described modules, devices, etc., for example, by the user or in an automated mode) based on the active resistance of the user's tissues. Since the current increases smoothly from the minimum specified value to the maximum specified value (for example, from zero to conditional twenty Volts), the voltage passes the mark at 0.0001 Volts and 0.0002 Volts, etc. If the voltage of 0.0001 volts is the threshold, then it will be necessary to apply a large current, which is unsafe. So, if the voltage is too low, the charge may not reach (not reach) the required structures described and the effect may be absent or may be reduced. Since the resistance of users (in particular, all people) can change significantly, the lower limit can be changed. The mentioned change in the user's resistance is due to the fact that the electrodes are applied to a place where fat can be deposited, muscles may be hypertrophied (for example, twice as much as normal), the user may have hair (for example, a beard) at this place, so that the resistance is given as averaged, and for each user the mentioned resistance can be (and in a particular case, should) be calculated separately. To overcome the described limitations, a minimum threshold is used, above which the charge (always flows and) reaches the required (described) structures. In a particular case, for each person, the minimum threshold may be different, but if it is passed for the indicated structures, then the said charge always flows. The upper limit of the range (40 Volts) is determined at least for safety reasons, since according to regulatory documents 40 Volts is the maximum safe voltage. The mentioned regulatory documents, in a particular case, are electrical safety standards, for example, the data contained in the table with alternating current 400 Hz (GOST 12.1.038-82, State Standard of the USSR, Occupational safety standards system, Electrical safety, Maximum permissible values of touch voltages and currents , https://www.rosteplo.ru/Npb_files/npb_shablon.php?id=682), which are shown in Table 2.

Table. 2. Maximum permissible values of touch voltages and currents in emergency operation of industrial electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V with a solidly grounded or isolated neutral and above 1000 V with an isolated neutral.

Current type Standardized value Maximum permissible values, no more, with the duration of exposure to current t , s 0.01-0.08 0.1 0.2 0.3 0,4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Over 1.0 Variable,
50 Hz U , B 550 340 160 135 120 105 95 85 75 70 60 20 I , mA 650 400 190 160 140 125 105 90 75 65 50 6 Variable,
400 Hz U , B 650 500 500 330 250 200 170 140 130 110 100 36 I , mA eight Constant U , B 650 500 400 350 300 250 240 230 220 210 200 40 I , mA fifteen Rectified full-wave U amp, B 650 500 400 300 270 230 220 210 200 190 180 - I amp, mA Rectified half-wave U amp, B 650 500 400 300 250 200 190 180 170 160 150 - I amp, mA

FIG. 3 shows an exemplary pulse waveform according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows a variant of the placement of electrodes located on the skin of a subject (user, patient), according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, electrodes ( 404 ) can be placed on the subject's skin in front of the ear canal, in the projection of the temporomandibular joint, on one side each, so that the current flows (flows) through the structures of the temporomandibular joint.

FIG. 5 shows a variant of placing two pairs of electrodes located on the skin of a subject (user, patient), according to the present invention.

In a particular case, at least two pairs of electrodes (three pairs of electrodes, ten pairs of electrodes, etc.) can be placed, provided that a current flows through these structures.

Each pair of electrodes (eg, the first electrode of the first pair 505 and the second electrode of the first pair 515 ) may be positioned in or between the temporomandibular joint so that current flows through the temporomandibular joint structures.

FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of a device used in the present invention.

In a particular case, a device 606 in the form of a helmet can be used to place the electrodes, so that the electrodes ( 404 ) installed in the body of the device 606 are placed on the area of the temporomandibular joint (with a corresponding, in particular, correct) arrangement of the entire structure) ...

Electrodes 404 can be either removable or permanently embedded in device 606 .

The control device, as well as the data processing device, including the control device for the device 606, can be a computer, a microcontroller, for example, STM 32, an oscilloscope, and any other device capable of generating a sequence of pulses described in the present invention.

The control of the characteristics (parameters) of the described impulses, including the control of the device 606 , can be carried out (by the user) using the remote control through one of the known types of communication between devices, for example, wirelessly (Bluetooth, IrDA, Wi-Fi, Wi-Max ) or wired (including USB, FireWire, etc.). In some implementations, the controller may be incorporated into the device 606 .

The body of the device can be made of plastic, rubber, or any other material that ensures its (adequate) operation, including not interfering with the formation of the described signals, etc. In a particular case, the above-mentioned adequate work is the safe flow of current through the indicated anatomical structures, in the described frequency range. So, the material should not pass the electric current itself, create interference, cause allergic reactions to contact and be safe.

The device 606 may include a pulse generator (pulse generating module, signal generator) capable of generating pulses with the characteristics (parameters) described in the framework of the present invention and associated at least with a power supply, electrodes, and a control device (control device). In a particular case, the device 606 can be associated with a pulse generator (one of the suitable types of communication - wired, wireless). In a particular case, the pulse generator can be part of the control device.

The pulse characteristics can be selected manually, for example, by a doctor or automatically (for example, by a device, 606 , in particular, by a pulse generator, a control device, etc.), including based on the patient's sensations (for example, the patient's objective sensations, since the patient may have or arise a fear of the described method, associated in a particular case with incomprehensible, unusual and / or unknown sensations for the patient, for example, with a slight burning sensation and / or tingling in the area of the body to which the electrodes are applied, etc.). The mentioned sensations of the patient, in particular, the subjective sensations of the patient, are (including described as) intense non-painful, tingling, compression, vibration, but painless sensations.

Pulse parameters (for example, pulse rise time, pulse frequency, maximum pulse amplitude, etc.) and / or current strength and magnitude (amplitude) of voltage applied to the electrodes can be set (and can also be monitored, recorded, etc.). by means of at least one of the elements of the pulse generator (or by means of a device associated with the pulse generator) before placing the electrodes on a part of the patient's body or after placing the electrodes.

Such devices, which are, in a particular case, elements (constituent parts) of the pulse generator and / or are external devices in relation to the pulse generator (i.e. connected to it via at least one interface, for example, via an input / output interface) there can be devices with which the output parameters of the pulse generator can be changed, in particular, the parameters of pulses, voltage, current, etc., including by means of a timer, in a particular case, which is an element of the generator. The above-mentioned devices can be implemented by modules (parts) of devices, for example, electronic boards of devices, in the particular case, at least one electronic expansion board, an adapter of a computing device, in particular, a personal computer, a server, for example, in the form of a printed circuit board placed in at least one expansion slot of the motherboard of a computing device, in a particular case, implemented by a computer system, or in a slot of another expansion board in order to add additional functions, and such devices can be connected using a wired or wireless interface, for example, USB or Wi-Fi, to 606 device, etc.

In a particular case, the pulse frequency can be fixed (for example, set by means of various types of regulators on the pulse generator), i.e. remain unchanged throughout the procedure or change, in particular, depending on the physiological characteristics of the patient's body.

A pulse generator can be implemented in the form of a generator of various types of signals, for example, it can be a generator of sinusoidal, harmonic oscillations (signals) (for example, a Meissner generator, a Hartley generator, a Colpitz generator), rectangular pulses (multivibrator, clock generator), a functional generator (rectangular , triangular and sinusoidal impulses), linear-varying voltage (CLV), noise generator, etc. Also, any device capable of "issuing" pulses at the output (allowing pulses to be set at the output of the device) with specified parameters (for example, for amplitude, current, voltage, etc., described in the present invention) can be used as a pulse generator. ... For example, such a device can be a power supply capable of providing an electrical signal to the electrodes with the characteristics described in the framework of the present invention. The pulse generator or at least one part of it (one of the elements of the pulse generator, including elements that allow setting, recording and / or monitoring the parameters of pulses / signals at the output of the pulse generator) can be implemented as a part of another device, for example, in the form of an electronic board (in a particular case, in the form of an electronic expansion board or in the form of an external device / unit (implemented by an external device / unit) connected via a wired or wireless interface, for example, USB or Wi-Fi, to a computing device, as described above) and / or an electronic unit, in particular an electronic expansion card for a computing device, such as a personal computer / computer system.

Also, the device 606 can include a power supply (power module) or can be connected to a power supply to provide power to at least the pulse generator, control device, communication module.

The device 606 can also include a communication module for communicating with the control device if it is located outside the device 606 , as well as for communicating with the control panel of the device, in particular, controlling the characteristics of the generated pulses, the control device, turning the device 606 on and off, etc. etc.

The device 606 can also include at least one recording (monitoring) device, in particular, a measuring device for at least one parameter of the pulse applied to the electrodes of current, voltage, etc., for example, implemented in the form of a voltmeter or ammeter, or frequency meter and other devices. The aforementioned various devices for monitoring parameters (patient, pulses, etc.) can be connected to the pulse generator to provide automatic adjustment of the pulse parameters, for example, to reduce the voltage and / or current supplied to the electrodes, while increasing the voltage applied to electrodes can also be provided (implemented) by a pulse generator based on data received from devices for monitoring patient parameters. In a particular case, the device 606 may be a mobile computing device, such as a smartphone, or include at least some of the modules of the mobile computing device, such as a processor, data bus, data processing module, etc.

The said devices for monitoring parameters may include at least one sensor (or the sensor may be connected to at least one said device for monitoring) capable of recording at least one of the mentioned parameters (for monitoring patient parameters, for example, a manometer for recording patient pressure readings, a temperature sensor for recording the temperature of a patient or body site and other types of sensors), and such a sensor can be installed on at least one of the electrodes, or be part of at least one electrode ...

At least one electrode (or each of the electrodes) can include a unique identifier (for example, in a label format, etc.) of the electrodes, which can be applied to the electrode or added (for example, written, etc.) to such electrode.

Also, a unique identifier can be a magnet with certain characteristics (for example, the magnitude of magnetic induction, residual magnetic induction, etc.), placed in (or on) the electrode.

A unique identifier (in a particular case, a tag) can be recorded (stored) on an information carrier, for example, a magnetic stripe and / or a microcircuit (chip), made with the ability to store information, in particular, at least a unique identifier of the electrodes, as well as information about the electrode, compatible (and / or acceptable for use) devices with it (s), etc.

Such mentioned information, including the unique identifier (of the electrode), can be transferred from the electrode to the device 606 , for example, if the electrodes are removable, or any other device (device, etc.), through the use of devices (devices) with the functionality reading devices, in particular devices for reading data from microcircuits, magnetic stripes, etc., including those using wired or wireless data transmission technologies, for example, NFC (from the English. near field communication, "near field communication", "Close proximity communication"), Bluetooth, etc.

The said tag can be, for example, an RFID-tag (from the English Radio Frequency IDentification, radio frequency identification) containing a unique identifier of the electrode, which can be read by a reader (for example, a reader, reader, etc.) or corresponding (suitable) a sensor associated with device 606 (or other device such as a computing device) such as a mobile computing device, etc.

Also, at least one of the surfaces of the electrode can be marked with a unique identifier (of the electrode), including in encoded form, for example, in the format of a one-dimensional code (1D-code), for example, EAN (from the English European Article Number, European product number), UPC (from the English Universal Product Code, universal product code), and / or two-dimensional code (2D-code), for example, DataMatrix-code, QR-code, etc. Such information, encoded, for example, in the format of a QR code, can be obtained by the user (or transmitted to the device 606, etc.), for example, by using the camera of the computing device (for example, a mobile computing device, a scanner, etc.). ) using software to recognize encrypted information, in particular, presented in the image format.

The unique identifier (of the electrode) can be used to identify the electrodes (and device 606 in general, including if the electrodes are non-removable, non-detachable, etc.), including for protecting the electrodes (device 606 , etc.) from fakes, as well as for inventory, etc.

At least one measuring device (which is part of the pulse generator or is external to it, for example, connected to it through one of the known interfaces, in particular, input / output, capable of registering and / or monitoring parameters in the "device- part of the body "/" generator of impulses - part of the body ", for example, voltage, including at least one part of the circuit, in the particular case, represented by at least one part of the body, tissue, element (component, module) pulse generator, etc.

Electrodes 404 can be made of conductive gel, metal, conductive cellulose, or any other material that provides the desired effect and is safe for the human body (subject). The abovementioned proper effect in a particular case is the achievement of the indicated anatomical structures by the impulses, and the provision of the proper therapeutic effect on the muscles and Golgi receptors in the ligaments.

The electrodes 404 can also be inserted through the skin of a person, for example, needle-shaped electrodes can be used.

The shape, material and other characteristics of the electrodes can differ and, in a particular case, are determined, for example, by the availability of a place for the location of the electrodes, sufficient space for the location of the electrodes, the type of manipulations described, the physiological characteristics of the patient's body, and so on. The electrodes can be made in the form of plates (for example, round, square, rectangular and other shapes), needles (including blunt needles to exclude the invasion of such needles into the body tissue), spheres and hemispheres.

The located electrodes, in particular on a part of the patient's body or at some distance from a part of the patient's body (for example, in the immediate vicinity of a part of the patient's body), can be fixed, for example, relative to a part of the patient's body. So, for example, such fixation of electrodes can be realized by mechanical methods and devices (including various mechanisms) and / or using different materials, for example, fixing gel, in particular, adhesive electrically conductive gel.

Also, the electrodes can consist of several component parts, for example, a working object on which the working surface of the electrodes is located, and an element that provides connection of the pulse generator through wires, and such elements can be made in the form of various types of terminals, contacts, and so on. Also, the electrode can include an element, in a particular case, made of a material that does not conduct an electric current or weakly conducts an electric current, and such an element can provide insulation (isolation) of the element (part) of the electrode to which a voltage is applied, at least from one part of the patient's body (in particular, body tissue) and / or such an element can be used to attach to it at least one element that allows fixing the electrode, as described in the framework of the present invention, including for attaching a clip , wire, etc.

The area of the working surface of the electrode can vary, for example, depending on the material and / or on the size and / or on the shape of the electrode and / or the working surface of the electrode, or on other factors, for example, related to the physiological characteristics of the patient's body, the type of manipulation performed, type pulse generator and so on. In a particular case, the minimum dimensions of the electrodes are dictated by safety considerations. If the contact area with the skin is too small, and the current and voltage remain unchanged, the current density increases, which can damage the skin. Thus, in a particular case, the minimum area of one electrode can be two square millimeters. Since current must flow through the joint, in a particular case, the maximum electrode area can be limited to half the user's head.

Placed on the body, in particular, a part of the body of a living organism, for example, a patient (test subject), can be accompanied by fixation of the electrodes (complete or partial, i.e. with ensuring complete immobility of the electrodes or partial immobility of the electrodes, for example, relative to each other and / or the mentioned area of the body or any other part of the body and / or objects external to the patient and / or part of the patient's body, for example, a pulse generator, dental chair, operating table, rods and / or a tripod, which in turn can also act as fixing elements / components of electrodes, etc.).

In a particular case, the determination of a body site for placement of electrodes can be determined by a doctor, a doctor's assistant, an anesthesiologist, or any other person who is able to determine the required area of the patient's body, for example, on the basis of previous experience, interviewing a patient, in the process of reviewing the patient's medical history, taking into account physiology of the patient, as well as from generally accepted practice, including information (data), for example, from various kinds of medical sources (for example, medical atlases, medical encyclopedias, scientific articles, etc.). At least one of the steps in determining the placement of the electrodes can be performed by a device or using a device that allows localizing the body parts in which the electrodes will be installed. So, for example, such a device can be a digital computing device (for example, a personal computer, a control device), including by means of which the patient can answer questions presented to him, which can determine the places for placing the electrodes. Also, such a device can be any diagnostic equipment (for example, tomograph, X-ray apparatus, apparatus for ultrasound examination or ultrasound Doppler, rheoencephalography, magnetic resonance angiography, etc.).

Also, at least one sensor and / or pulse generator mentioned in the present invention and / or a control device, a device for monitoring parameters can be connected to a computer system (or be a part of it), for example, through a wired interface (connection), for example, using a USB interface, or a wireless interface, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and others.

The current parameters (signal characteristics) described in the present invention, as well as the arrangement of the electrodes 404, provide at least two fundamentally important influences, described below.

So, firstly, the effect on the ligamentous apparatus of the temporomandibular joint is carried out, in particular, on the extracapsular ligament, which attaches the lateral pterygoid muscle to the disc of the temporomandibular joint. In this bundle, the Golgi receptors are located. With prolonged activation of these receptors, provided by the above characteristics of impulses (signals), in particular, the frequency of the electric current, relaxation (inhibition) of the muscles associated with the temporomandibular joint occurs, and the lateral pterygoid muscle in particular, since these receptors are located in the temporomandibular ligaments. mandibular joint.

FIG. 7 shows the structure of a human muscle tendon.

According to Purves et al (2018), Mechanoreceptors Specialized for Proprioception, the Golgi tendon organ (Golgi receptors) are nerve endings (nerve branches) 707 intertwined between collagen fibers (collagen bundles) 717 .

According to McComas, A.J. “Skeletal muscles. - Kiev: Olympic Literature ", 2001., the frequency of impulses sent by Golgi receptors can reach 200 impulses per second, that is, 200 Hz. To achieve long-term, rather than one-time activation of the receptor, the frequency of current pulses should be about 200 Hz and higher, since at a higher frequency of current, pulses sent to the receptors will provoke the most frequent generation of action potentials of these receptors.

FIG. 8 shows the neuronal pathway of the reverse myototic reflex.

Thus, in FIG. 8 shows bone (muscle tendon) 808 , Golgi tendon organ (neurotendon spindle, Golgi receptors) 818 , Ib afferent (afferent from Golgi receptors in the spinal cord) 828 , excitatory synapse (synapse between a first-order neuron and an intercalary inhibitory neuron in the spinal cord brain) 838 , the third, motor efferent neuron in the neuronal pathway of the reverse myototic reflex 848 , inhibitory interneuron (interneuron, interneuron inhibitory neuron) 858 , homonymous muscle (muscle) 868 , alpha-motor neuron (efferent fiber to the muscle) 878 .

According to Enrico Marani, Egbert A.J.F. Lakke, in The Human Nervous System (Third Edition), 2012, activation of Golgi receptors leads to reflex muscle suppression through the reverse myotatic reflex. Afferentation from the Golgi tendon receptors goes to interneurons in the spinal cord, which suppress further activity of the motor neurons that innervate the muscle.

Thus, acting on the receptors of the tendons of the temporomandibular joint, the activity of the muscles associated with it, and in particular, the lateral pterygoid muscle, is inhibited ( 909 , FIG. 9 ).

FIG. 9 shows the jaw joint, showing: lateral pterygoid muscle 909 , mandibular fossa 919 , condyle 929 , jaw joint disc 939 .

Golgi receptors can also be activated by mechanical action on receptor structures, as well as any other influences leading to the generation of action potentials by Golgi receptors.

So, secondly, due to the selected characteristics of the signals, in particular, the frequency, and other parameters of the electric current, the temporal and chewing muscles, which are also affected by an electric current, reach the so-called tetanus - a muscle contraction mode in which a prolonged contraction occurs, continuous muscle tension that occurs when impulses arrive at it with a high frequency. (“Tetanic.” The American Heritage Medical Dictionary. Boston Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin Company. 2007.).

According to V.M. Pokrovsky, G.F. Korotko ("Human Physiology: Textbook". In 2 volumes / 2001), muscle tetanus occurs at a pulse frequency of 7 Hz and higher, which determines the choice of the lower limit of the frequency range (from 7 Hz to 100 kHz) of the electric current.

FIG. 10 shows an exemplary arrangement (location) of one of the electrodes, according to the present invention, illustrating the approximate (one of the options) location of electrode 960 , temporalis muscle 970 , masseter muscle 980 .

With the aforementioned tetanic muscle contraction caused by electrodes (in particular, cutaneous) 404 , the applied current (for example, coming from the device 606 ) is higher than the current generated by alpha motor neurons 878 . In this regard, the impulses coming from the primary motor cortex are leveled by external impulses sent from the mentioned electrodes.

At the mentioned frequency (including, depending on the anatomical features of the maxillofacial region), the described effect can be achieved, however, with an increase in the frequency of the current, the effect of muscle pessimum can be observed, at which the amplitude of muscle contractions decreases, which contributes to the correct registration of the position of the lower jaw relative to top. So, in a particular case, the higher the frequency, the, respectively, the better, however, in two different people at the same frequency, the muscles can behave differently. So, at the same frequency, different people can observe both dynamic muscle contractions (when the muscle changes in length) and tetanic muscle contractions (when the muscle does not change in length - a prolonged muscle contraction, that is, its continuous tension). In a particular case, "better" is used in the context that one of the objectives of the present invention from a physiological point of view is the need to ensure that the muscle is immune to signals from the central nervous system (central nervous system), and it is also necessary to achieve the least contraction of the muscle itself (so that the smallest contraction of the muscle itself is achieved). This can be achieved (can be done) by increasing the frequency, thus, the higher (higher) the frequency, the better, according to the description in the present invention, including as described for the optimum and pessimum of the muscle.

Thus, inhibition of at least one muscle associated with the temporomandibular joint and the lateral pterygoid muscle 909 in particular and the immunity of the temporalis muscle 979 and masseter muscle 980 to alpha moto neuron impulses ( 878 ), there is no influence of the central the nervous system on the masticatory muscles 980 and the lower jaw takes the desired position, that is, it becomes in the position of the central ratio.

Regarding the upper limit of the frequency range (from 7 Hz to 100 kHz) of the electric current, the body tissues have capacitance according to the Fricke-Morse Model ("A Novel Non-Iterative Method for Real-Time Parameter Estimation of the Fricke-Morse Model" Mitar Simis , Zdenka Babic. Vladimir Risojević, 2016), since the structural units of cells can be represented in the form of capacitive capacitors. In this regard (it will be fair to assume, including in a system that implements the described method), the frequency of the alternating current is inversely proportional to the strength of the current.

At values of the frequency of the applied alternating current above 100 kHz, the resistance of human tissues will vary from 10 kΩ to 100 kΩ (in particular, depending on anatomical features), according to the formula:

Where

– сопротивление конденсатора, Ом:

- capacitor resistance, Ohm:

– постоянная, равная 3,1415926535...;

- constant equal to 3.1415926535 ...;

F - frequency, Hz;

C - capacity in Farads

and the formula:

Where

U- voltage;

I is the current strength.

In this regard, in order to achieve a therapeutic effect, it is necessary to apply a current strength that goes beyond values that are safe for the body, therefore, the application of frequencies above the specified range is inappropriate.

In order for the jaw to get into the correct position, the patient should not strain and move the jaw, but kept it in a state of physiological rest, that is, the upper and lower teeth should be opened by 3-4 mm.

After switching on the device 606 , in particular after (and during) the transmission of electrical pulses, i. during the operation of the device 606 , the patient should not close the teeth after a predetermined threshold is reached (for example, twenty volts, and this value is an average value that is suitable for most patients, and can be obtained, for example, experimentally) - the jaw rises into the correct position. Further, the doctor registers the bite, in particular, receives a negative image of the teeth of the upper and lower jaws, in particular, using dental silicone masses, alginate masses, dental wax, etc. (physical format). In order to register the position of the lower jaw, the doctor can take an impression from the jaws, where not only the teeth, but one of the known (in particular, any) rigid suprastructures - for example, an implant gum former, a frame or part of an orthopedic prosthesis, a tooth stump, etc. .d. The same structures can be (and in a particular case should be) reflected in the bite register for further comparison of models. It is also worth adding that with edentulous jaws, wax bases or plastic structures can be used to register their position relative to each other, which are superimposed on the edentulous jaw, and the position is recorded already between these structures, thereby transmitting the position of the jaws. The resulting impressions are poured with plaster, and plaster models are obtained. Plaster models are compared by silicone or wax bite registration. The bite can also be registered with an optical camera, and in this case the doctor receives a digital display (digital format) of the teeth of the upper and lower jaws, taking into account the location of the lower jaw in the found central ratio, and in addition to the indicated structures that can be "captured", there can be used marker scans with markings installed in implants, or at least in one implant. Then the resulting register (in physical format and / or in digital format and / or in analog format, such as, for example, on photographic film, and / or any other known format) is used both at clinical stages and at laboratory stages, depending on the chosen treatment plan. Thus, the formation of an optical model of the upper jaw and lower jaw and the formation of an image of the upper jaw and lower jaw are carried out, so that using software (in particular, software and hardware of the system described in the present invention, for example, at least one of its modules, device, etc.), the upper and lower jaws are compared using the resulting image, where these jaws are located together.

In a particular case, one of the criteria for the incorrect position of the jaws may be patient complaints about the inconvenience of orthopedic structures. When the correct center ratio is found and the occlusion register is created, for example, from silicone, as described in the framework of the present invention, the mentioned inconvenience disappears or becomes less pronounced (in particular, the patient may become more comfortable with the newly found position of the lower jaw). So, as described in the framework of the present invention, in order to check the correct finding of the central ratio, a bite register is made and also an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) or CT of the TMJ (computed tomography of the temporomandibular joint) is made to a patient with this register, and already according to these studies can to assess (establish) the correct position of the anatomical structures of the joint. Also, the criterion for a correctly found central ratio in a particular case is an improvement in the dynamics of diseases, in the manufacture of orthopedic structures, taking into account the found central ratio, i.e., for example, there are no complaints of pain in the TMJ area. So, the patient is comfortable with dentures, he has adapted to them, etc.

The aforementioned laboratory stages can be the formation of impressions, the formation of a bite register, after which the doctor sends them to a dental laboratory, in which plaster models are made, compared according to the found bite register. The mentioned clinical step can be, for example, the use of the bite register directly by the doctor, at the reception with the patient for carrying out medical manipulations.

Clinical examples.

Example 1.

Patient G., 45 years old, turned to the dental clinic with complaints of inconvenience when using orthopedic structures, namely clasp prostheses, pain in the temporomandibular joint, hypersalivation. Objectively - end defects according to the first class of Kennedy in the upper jaw and lower jaw.

According to the examination data and additional methods of examination, it was found that the cause of these complaints was the incorrect finding of the central ratio of the jaws, in connection with which it was decided to re-find the central ratio of the jaws and the manufacture of new orthopedic structures.

The center ratio was found as described above, with the frequency of the alternating current used being 2000 Hz, rectangular pulses were used, after turning on the apparatus (device 606 ), the voltage increased from zero volts to twelve volts for sixty seconds. The criterion for achieving a therapeutic effect was that the impulses sent by the device were sensitive to the patient, which indicated the activation of the structures described above. During the action of the pulses, the patient's bite register was created. Then the device was turned off. The total time for finding the central ratio of the jaws together with the registration of the bite was 200 seconds.

Further, magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joints was performed with an established bite register in the oral cavity. The conclusion of the study showed that the found position of the lower jaw is physiological for the patient, the articular surfaces are congruent, the disc is in the right place.

Then new orthopedic constructions were made taking into account the found central ratio of the jaws. After the manufacture of orthopedic structures, the patient makes no complaints.

Example 2.

Patient R. 53 years old applied to the dental clinic with complaints of increased absence, pain in the temporomandibular joint, hypersalivation. Objectively - end defects according to the first class of Kennedy in the upper jaw and lower jaw.

According to the examination data and additional examination methods, it was found that the cause of complaints of pain in the temporomandibular joints is the absence of the chewing group of teeth and, therefore, the lost central ratio of the jaws, in connection with which it was decided to find the central ratio of the jaws and the manufacture of orthopedic structures ...

The central ratio was found as described above, while the frequency of the used alternating current was 2000 Hz, rectangular pulses were used, after turning on the apparatus, the voltage increased from zero volts to twelve volts for sixty seconds. The criterion for achieving a therapeutic effect was that the impulses sent by the device were sensitive to the patient, which indicated the activation of the structures described above. During the action of the pulses, the patient's bite register was created. Then the device was turned off. The total time for finding the central ratio of the jaws together with the registration of the bite was two hundred seconds.

So, when the jaws are in the correct position (subject to the presence of teeth), the teeth are in a somewhat open state. In a particular case, the dentist fills in a silicone hardening mass, which is a negative reflection of the upper and lower teeth. The resulting silicone impression is called a register, since when it is placed in the patient's oral cavity and matching the upper and lower teeth, the jaw rises in the position that was found (as described in the framework of the present invention).

Further, magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joints was performed with an established bite register in the oral cavity. The conclusion of the study showed that the found position of the lower jaw is physiological for the patient, the articular surfaces are congruent, the disc is in the right place.

Then, orthopedic constructions were made taking into account the found central ratio of the jaws. After the manufacture of orthopedic structures, the patient has no complaints.

In the present invention, the residence time of the central jaw ratio can take 60 seconds, while in existing solutions, the residence time of the central jaw ratio can take from 20 to 60 minutes, i.e. in a particular case, existing solutions achieve muscle fatigue (achieve muscle fatigue). Thus, the present invention significantly improves the speed of finding the center jaw ratio.

FIG. 11 is a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment of a method for carrying out the present invention.

In step 1111 , at least one electrode is placed in areas in front of each of the auditory canals, in projection or between the projection of each of the temporomandibular joints.

In a particular case, each of the two electrodes is placed in front of the auditory canal in the projection of the temporomandibular joint, each on one side.

In a particular case, at least two pairs of electrodes are placed in the projection or between the projection of each of the temporomandibular joint, at least one pair on one side.

In a particular case, the electrodes are inserted through the user's skin. For example, the electrodes are made in the form of a needle.

In step 1121 , at least two electrodes are fixed so that current flows through the structures of the temporomandibular joint.

In a particular case, the fixation of the electrodes is carried out by means of at least one mechanical fastening and / or by means of the adhesion of the electrodes provided by the conductive material.

In step 1131 , electrical pulses of alternating current generated by the generator of electrical pulses are passed through the electrodes, at least until the jaws are in the correct position, and the range of the frequency of the electrical pulses is from 7 Hz to 100 kHz, the range of the current of the pulses is from 1 nA to 1 mA.

In a particular case, the range of voltage applied to the electrodes is from 0.0001 Volts to 40 Volts.

In a particular case, the power of electrical pulses is characterized by at least the voltage applied to the electrodes, and the increase and decrease in the power of the electrical pulses is realized by regulating the voltage applied to the electrodes.

In a particular case, the power of electrical impulses increases in the range from 1 second to at least 60 seconds.

In a particular case, the power of electrical impulses increases until the moment when the patient begins to feel impulses, including a feeling of compression, vibration, tingling, intense sensations, but not painful.

In a particular case, the parameters of the electrical impulses, and / or the voltage and / or the current applied to the electrodes, are changed in the process of determining the central position of the jaws, and the frequency remains unchanged or varies within the range from 7 Hz to 100 kHz.

In a particular case, the step between the previous and subsequent values of the voltage applied to the electrodes is at least 0.001 V.

In a particular case, the pulse generator and / or at least one of the elements of the pulse generator is implemented by at least one computing device or at least one expansion board of the computing device.

In a particular case, the pulse generator includes at least one device for recording at least one parameter of the pulses, and / or at least one parameter in the area of the body, and / or at least one parameter of a living organism to which the section of the body belongs.

In a particular case, the pulse generator includes at least one device for adjusting at least one parameter of the pulses and / or at least one parameter of the electrical circuit in the said area of the body. The said adjustment device can be a control panel, a control device, a device 606, a computer, various control boards (for example, built-in, such as STM32).

In a particular case, at least one said device for registering parameters and / or at least one said device for adjusting parameters is implemented by at least one computing device and / or at least one element of the computing device.

In a particular case, after placing the jaws in the correct position, the bite is recorded, where the correct position is the position of the jaw when the condyles are in their highest position relative to the glenoid fossa. However, taking into account the individual characteristics of each person, this is the position of the lower jaw in which the physiological work of the joint and the dentoalveolar system will be ensured.

In a particular case, bite registration is carried out using dental silicone masses or alginate masses, or dental wax.

In a particular case, they continue (in particular, they do not stop) passing through the electrodes electric pulses of alternating current after placing the jaws in the correct position until the end of the bite registration.

In a particular case, in the absence of teeth, bite registration is carried out using formed overlays on the edentulous jaws.

In a particular case, the formed overlays are made in the form of wax rolls.

In a particular case, markers are applied to the pads to register the relative position of the pads relative to each other and / or silicone is used to register the relative position of the pads relative to each other.

So, when patients do not have teeth, special onlays can be made for edentulous jaws, in particular, wax rolls, plastic templates, silicone rolls .. The doctor applies markers on them (for example, in the format of notches) and can also register the position of the onlays ( rollers, etc.) relative to each other (and therefore the jaws) using silicone. So, for example, notches (grooves, grooves, etc.) are made on the occlusal surface of the upper wax roll and the lower wax roll. Silicone mass is poured between the upper and lower rollers, which hardens and imprints notches on top and bottom. When transferring the material to the laboratory, the technician is able to match the upper and lower rollers by placing the silicone register over the imprinted notches, thereby reproducing the resulting position of the jaws.

FIG. 12 shows an example of a general-purpose computer system that includes a general purpose computing device in the form of a computer 20 or server including a processor 21, system memory 22, and a system bus 23 that links various system components, including system memory, to processor 21.

The system bus 23 can be any of various types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. System memory includes read-only memory (ROM) 24 and random access memory (RAM) 25. ROM 24 stores a basic input / output system (BIOS) 26, consisting of basic routines that help exchange information between elements within a computer 20, for example, at the time of launch.

Computer 20 may also include a hard disk drive 27 for reading from and writing to a hard disk not shown, a magnetic disk drive 28 for reading from or writing to a removable magnetic disk 29, and an optical disk drive 30 for reading from or recording on a removable optical disc 31 such as a compact disc, digital video disc, and other optical media. The hard disk drive 27, the magnetic disk drive 28, and the optical disk drive 30 are connected to the system bus 23 through a hard disk drive interface 32, a magnetic disk drive interface 33, and an optical drive interface 34, respectively. The storage media and their corresponding computer-readable media provide non-volatile storage of computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, and other data for the computer 20.

While the typical configuration described herein uses a hard disk, a removable magnetic disk 29, and a removable optical disk 31, one skilled in the art will appreciate that other types of computer readable media may also be used in a typical operating environment that can store data that is accessible by a computer. such as magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, digital video discs, Bernoulli cartridges, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), and the like.

Various software modules, including the operating system 35, can be stored on a hard disk, magnetic disk 29, optical disk 31, ROM 24, or RAM 25. Computer 20 includes a file system 36 associated with or included in the operating system 35, one or more software application 37, other program modules 38, and program data 39. A user can enter commands and information into computer 20 using input devices such as keyboard 40 and pointing device 42. Other input devices (not shown) may include a microphone , joystick, gamepad, satellite dish, scanner or any other.

These and other input devices are connected to the processor 21, often through a serial port interface 46 that communicates with the system bus, but may be connected through other interfaces such as a parallel port, a game port, or a universal serial bus (USB). A monitor 47 or other type of display device is also connected to the system bus 23 via an interface such as a video adapter 48. In addition to monitor 47, personal computers typically include other peripheral output devices (not shown) such as speakers and printers.

Computer 20 may operate in a networked environment through logical connections to one or more remote computers 49. The remote computer (or computers) 49 may be another computer, server, router, networked PC, peer-to-peer device, or other node on a single network, and also typically includes includes most or all of the elements described above in relation to computer 20, although only storage device 50 is shown. Logical connections include a local area network (LAN) 51 and a wide area computer network (WAN) 52. Such networking environments are commonly found in institutions , corporate computer networks, the Internet.

A computer 20 used in a LAN environment connects to a local area network 51 via a network interface or adapter 53. A computer 20 used in a GCS network environment typically uses a modem 54 or other means to communicate with a global computer network 52 such as the Internet.

Modem 54, which can be internal or external, is connected to the system bus 23 via a serial port interface 46. In a networked environment, program modules or portions thereof described with respect to computer 20 may be stored on a remote storage device. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are typical and other means may be used to establish communication links between computers.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the information given in the description are examples, which do not limit the scope of the present invention defined by the claims. One skilled in the art realizes that there may be other embodiments of the present invention consistent with the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (23)

1. A method for determining the central ratio of the jaws by the action of an electric current on the ligamentous apparatus of the temporomandibular joint and the temporal and masticatory muscles, in which: a) at least one electrode is placed in the areas in front of each of the auditory canals, in the projection of each of the temporomandibular joints; b) fix at least two electrodes to ensure the flow of current through the structures of the temporomandibular joint; c) pass through the electrodes electrical pulses of alternating current, formed by the generator of electrical pulses, at least until the jaws are in the correct position, and the frequency range of electrical pulses is from 7 Hz to 100 kHz, the range of the current of the pulses is from 1 nA to 1 mA ... 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage range applied to the electrodes is from 0.0001 to 40 V. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the two electrodes is placed in front of the auditory meatus in the projection of the temporomandibular joint, one on each side. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two pairs of electrodes are placed in the projection of each of the temporomandibular joint, at least one pair on one side. 5. The method according to claim. 1, characterized in that the power of the electrical pulses is characterized by at least the voltage applied to the electrodes, and the increase and decrease in the power of the electrical pulses is realized by regulating the voltage applied to the electrodes. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the power of the electrical pulses is increased in the range from 1 s to at least 60 s. 7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the power of the electrical impulses is increased until the moment when the patient begins to feel impulses, including a feeling of compression, vibration, tingling, but not pain. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixation of the electrodes is carried out by means of at least one mechanical fastening and / or by means of the adhesion of the electrodes provided by the conductive material. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the parameters of the electrical impulses and / or the voltage and / or the current applied to the electrodes are changed in the process of determining the central position of the jaws, and the frequency remains unchanged or varies within the range of 7 Hz up to 100 kHz. 10. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the step between the previous and subsequent values of the voltage applied to the electrodes is at least 0.001 V. 11. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse generator and / or at least one of the pulse generator elements is implemented by at least one computing device or at least one expansion board of the computing device. 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse generator includes at least one device for recording at least one parameter of pulses, and / or at least one parameter in a body area, and / or at least one parameter of a living organism to which the part of the body belongs. 13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse generator includes at least one device for adjusting at least one parameter of the pulses and / or at least one parameter of the electrical circuit in said body region. 14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrodes are embedded through the user's skin. 15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after placing the jaws in the correct position, the bite is registered, where the correct position is the position of the jaw when the condyles are in their highest position relative to the glenoid fossa or the physiological work of the joint and the dentition is provided. 16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the bite registration is carried out using dental silicone masses or alginate masses, or dental wax. 17. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the absence of teeth, bite registration is carried out using formed pads on the edentulous jaws. 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the pads to be formed are made in the form of wax rolls. 19. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that markers are applied to the strips to register the relative position of the strips relative to each other and / or silicone is used to register the relative position of the strips relative to each other. 20. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that electrical pulses of alternating current continue to pass through the electrodes after placing the jaws in the correct position until the end of bite registration.

Images