RU177407U1 - SHEET CALIBRATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to dentistry, and is intended to eliminate the proprioceptive sensitivity of the teeth by separating them. The technical result is the separation of the chewing group of teeth, resulting in a lack of proprioceptive sensitivity in the area of these teeth, then the lateral pterygoid muscle relaxes, which until moment of relaxation, positioned the position of the lower jaw in the position of habitual occlusion. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to dentistry, and is intended to eliminate the proprioceptive sensitivity of teeth by separating them.

The known method "Method for determining the optimal position of the occlusal plane" according to the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2610531 from 12/04/2015. The invention is intended to determine the optimal position of the occlusal plane. Preliminarily determine the due front height of the face and the new position of the lower jaw according to the lateral teleentgenogram. According to the data obtained, a new intermaxillary angle is built, the position of the XL point is determined by dividing the intermaxillary angle in a ratio of 27:73, a straight line is constructed so that it passes 0.72 ± 0.7 mm above the Xi point. This line will be the projection of the optimal occlusal plane. The method improves the accuracy of determining the optimal occlusal plane before orthodontic treatment, prosthetics, restoration of the chewing surface of the teeth in clinical situations, when the patient has vertical anomalies and violation of the front height of the face by determining a new intermandibular angle and constructing an ideal occlusal plane.

The disadvantage of this method is its complexity.

As a prototype, the method “Method for assessing occlusal relationships of teeth” according to the patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2375990 of July 15, 2008, is applicable for evaluating the occlusal relationships of antagonizing teeth. An occlusogram is obtained in the oral cavity in the position of central occlusion. The resulting occlusogram is cut along the contours of the occlusal contacts to the distal surface of the first permanent molars. Weigh the remainder of the occlusogram on an analytical balance. The volume of the occlusal space is calculated by the formula V = m / p, where V is the volume of the occlusogram, m is the mass of the occlusogram, and p is the density of the wax used to obtain the occlusogram. The occlusal relationships of antagonizing teeth are evaluated, given that the volume of the interocclusal space for individuals with physiological occlusion is 0.99 ± 0.01 cm ³ . The method allows to increase the reliability of the obtained biometric characteristics.

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity, the need for calculations, the presence of errors.

The basic necessary concepts:

The central ratio is the repeatedly reproducible stable ratio of the upper and lower jaws regardless of occlusion, obtained for medical purposes by means of unforced controlled rotational movements of the lower jaw without its displacement. It is characterized by the spatial anteroposterior position of the condyles in a healthy joint with minimal activity of the masticatory muscles.

- Habitual occlusion (habitual bite) - any maximum multiple closure of the dentition, possible WITHOUT the central position of the articular heads in the fossa.

Supercontact (supracontact, premature contact) is an occlusal contact that blocks or disrupts the smooth movement of the lower jaw when anterior or lateral occlusion is achieved. Supercontacts block the smooth and sliding movements of the lower jaw and cause muscle strain.

Proprioceptive sensitivity of the teeth - thanks to proprioceptive sensitivity, the nerve centers of the brain receive information about the position of muscles and joints and the possible distribution of pressure. The proprioceptive information resulting from pressure on the teeth enters the overlying nerve centers.

This causes an efferent reaction, most often unconscious, in the form of actions aimed at preventing excessive loads.

In addition, proprioceptive sensitivity regulates the contraction of the masticatory muscles, i.e. with too much pressure, muscle contraction completely stops. In other words, proprioceptive sensitivity protects the tooth from overload.

If a person has a central ratio and habitual occlusion coincide, then the work of joints, muscles, teeth becomes the most effective, and all chewing loads are distributed most efficiently. This leads to a significant reduction in the risks of chipped teeth, composite and ceramic restorations, removes the occlusive component of chronic gum disease. The coincidence of the central ratio and habitual occlusion also has a positive effect on increasing the stability of the components of the temporomandibular joint.

The main role in the positioning of the lower jaw in space is played by the lateral pterygoid muscle. Unilateral contraction of this paired muscle leads to a shift in the lower jaw in the opposite direction from which muscle contracted. Bilateral muscle contraction leads to the displacement of the lower jaw forward.

In the event of supercontacts between the teeth due to proprioceptive sensitivity, reflex tension of the lateral pterygoid muscle occurs, which leads to the jaw shifting away from early contact to eliminate overload and lead to the position of multiple contacts. With this displacement of the jaw, the joints adapt to the new position of the jaw.

Over time, a person has many supercontacts in connection with a violation of the position of the teeth, the appearance of fillings, crowns. The jaw moves more and more, the joints have to expand their adaptive capabilities. Unfortunately, the adaptive capabilities have their limits, and at some point, most people fail to compensate, resulting in either tooth decay, or chronic gum disease, or problems with the temporomandibular joint.

In order to find the central ratio (in the case of people without a pronounced anatomical pathology of the joint), it is necessary to remove the overstrain, the excess tone of the lateral pterygoid muscle from both sides, as a result of which the lower jaw will be positioned due to the articular elements to the central ratio position. To eliminate the overstrain of the lateral pterygoid muscle, it is necessary to eliminate the proprioceptive sensitivity of the teeth and remove the effect of supercontacts. To eliminate the proprioceptive sensitivity of the teeth, it is necessary to separate them.

For this manipulation, a technical solution is just right - a sheet calibrator.

The technical result of the claimed technical solution is the disconnection of the chewing group of teeth, as a result of which there is a lack of proprioceptive sensitivity in the area of these teeth, then the lateral pterygoid muscle relaxes, which until the moment of relaxation positioned the position of the lower jaw in the position of the usual occlusion. Due to the relaxation of the lateral pterygoid muscle, the lower jaw is positioned in the position of the central ratio due to the fact that the lower jaw at this moment has only three points of support - the leaf calibrator in the anterior teeth and elements of the temporomandibular joints. In the absence of displacement due to the lateral pterygoid muscle, the elements of the temporomandibular joints are positioned in the physiologically correct position (if there are no pathological changes in the structure of the joint structures).

The steps in selecting sheets depend on whether the patient has a sagittal fissure (the distance between the front upper and lower teeth). First, the calibrator sheets are placed in the area between the teeth of the upper and lower jaw in an amount of 5 pieces (i.e. 0.5 mm), we ask the patient to close his teeth. If at the same time the patient feels that the lateral teeth are closing, then we add another 5 sheets, repeat the question and add the sheets until the patient indicates that with the calibrator sheets between the front teeth, the lateral teeth are not felt in contact. After that, add another 10 sheets. Then we begin the movement of the lower jaw along the sheet calibrator back and forth. At the moment the lower jaw is moved back, we ask the patient to try to slightly compress the chewing teeth. After 5-6 minutes of such movements, the lateral pterygoid muscle, as a rule, relaxes, and the articular elements are positioned in their comfortable position - the position of the central ratio (if there are no anatomical changes in the joint area). Further, depending on the purpose of using the calibrator at the moment, either the obtained central ratio is registered or the supercontact is searched. The doctor begins one at a time to remove the calibrator sheets from the part that is between the front teeth. To control whether the lateral teeth are closed, whether there is contact between them or not, a special 200 micron thick occlusal copy paper is used (to create a large contact spot) and 8 micron thick paper and different in color (to determine the point portion of the supercontact). The described 200-micron occlusal paper is positioned between the posterior teeth, then the patient closes the teeth on the sheet calibrator, repeats the movements back and forth. Then he tries to close the chewing teeth in the position of the lower jaw behind. At this point, the doctor is trying to get paper between the teeth of the lateral departments. If he easily succeeds, then the doctor should remove one sheet from the part of the calibrator sandwiched between the front teeth. Repeat motion. And so on until the moment when it is impossible to get the paper between the lateral teeth without opening them. At this point, the doctor is positioning thin 8-micron paper between the teeth of the lateral departments. Asks to repeat the movements of the lower jaw. As a result, a thick contact spot is printed on the teeth due to 200 micron paper and a point supercontact is printed on this spot due to 8 micron paper. On this, the search for the supercontact, which provokes the displacement of the lower jaw, is completed. In the event that selective grinding is performed, the doctor performs grinding of this supercontact, after which the calibrator again positions in the region of the front teeth, occlusal paper in the region of the posterior teeth, checks for the presence of supercontact. If he disappeared after grinding, then the doctor removes another 1 sheet of the calibrator and continues to search for supercontacts further according to the previously described technique. Grinding is considered complete if 2-4 leaves of the calibrator remain in the region of the front teeth (this parameter is very individual, since it depends on the patient’s bite), and there are multiple contacts on both sides of the jaw between the lateral teeth. The result - bringing the position of the lower jaw in the usual occlusion to the position of the central ratio of the jaws.

The data obtained as a result of using the calibrator sheet central ratio must be used to:

1. Diagnosis of the causes of muscular-articular dysfunction;

2. Identification of the presence of early contacts between the teeth of the upper and lower jaws, provoking the displacement of the lower jaw;

3. Registration of the central ratio for planning prosthetics;

4. To carry out grinding of teeth and calibration of occlusion;

5. To register the distance between the teeth of the frontal section in the position of the central ratio of the jaws.

The device consists of 55 sheets of 0.1 mm thick each made of a plastic film (PET film), which is allowed to be used for the manufacture of medical devices and subjected to cold sterilization methods. Sheets are rounded on both sides. On each sheet, the method of screen printing and the use of UV inks shows the thickness data in increments of 0.1 mm (0.1; 0.2; 0.3; ...; 5.5 mm) (taking into account the addition of the values of the previous sheets) in the area of the connector sheets so that the patient does not touch paints with his teeth.

The second embodiment. The device consists of 9 sheets of different thicknesses: 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8 and 0.9 mm made of plastic film (PET film), which is allowed to be used for the manufacture of medical devices and subjected to cold sterilization methods. Sheets are rounded on both sides. On each sheet, data on the thickness in 0.1 mm increments (0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0, 8 and 0.9) in the area of the sheet connector so that the patient does not touch the paints with his teeth.

The utility model is illustrated in the figure, where the figure shows a sheet calibrator in two versions A and B: a top view, a side view, in an expanded state, consisting of:

1. Sheet;

2. Connector sheets;

3. Numbering sheets.

The device is simple in design, does not require expensive materials for the manufacture, can easily be reproduced and propagated industrially, does not require complex technological production.

The claimed combination of essential features is in direct causal relation to the achieved result.

Comparison of the claimed technical solution with the prototype made it possible to establish compliance with its criterion of "novelty", because it is not known from the prior art.

Thus, the proposed technical solution meets the established conditions of patentability of a utility model.

The other known technical solutions for a similar purpose with similar significant features by the applicant was not found.

Claims (1)

The sheet calibrator, consisting of sheets and a connector, characterized in that it has 55 sheets of 0.1 mm thickness made of plastic film for medical devices subjected to cold sterilization methods, on each sheet, the thickness data is plotted by silk-screen printing and UV inks in steps 0.1 mm in the area of the sheet connector.

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