RU2734684C1 - Device for x-ray inspection of welded seams of reservoir wall - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: nondestructive inspection.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of nondestructive testing and can be used for control of welded seams of reservoir walls by radiographic method. Proposed device comprises self-propelled bogie with support and drive wheels to displace along tank wall for X-ray apparatus and detector to move thereon. At the same time on the bogie there are screws with rotation drive, which are connected to X-ray apparatus and detector with possibility of their vertical movement. X-ray apparatus and detector are arranged to be arranged opposite each other on opposite sides of the wall of the reservoir and their corresponding synchronous movement along the wall of the reservoir during control of horizontal and vertical welds, note here that bogie supports wheels are arranged to rest against tank wall to hold bogie in vertical position while rotary drives of drive wheels and screw gear are made up of gearmotors with chain gears.

EFFECT: use of the invention increases efficiency and efficiency of control of welded seams.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of non-destructive testing by radiographic flaw detection and can be used to control welded seams (joints) of tank walls by a radiographic method.

There is a known device for non-destructive quality control of circular welded joints of main pipelines by the method of panoramic transmission (Patent RU No. 2123683, IPC G01N 23/18, 23/02, publ. 20.12.1998) from the inside of the pipe using a self-propelled flaw detector, the movement of which is controlled by signals of penetrating radiation from outside pipes, and pulsed X-ray radiation is used as the control penetrating radiation, the pulse repetition rate of which has two different fixed values corresponding to the commands for moving the flaw detector inside the pipe in the forward or reverse direction.

The disadvantages of the known device are that its use is limited to the use of the device inside the pipe, thereby narrowing the scope of its application on pipes of large size.

Also known is a device for non-destructive testing (Patent RU No. 200656, IPC G01N 29/26, publ. 01/30/1994), containing a housing, a drive and a guide mounted on the body, a carriage installed in the guide and kinematically connected to the drive, an intermediate lever, articulated on the main element, curved levers and a transducer mounted at the ends of the curved levers, while in order to reduce the dimensions in the folded state, the curved levers are mounted on the axis of the articulated connection of the carriage and the intermediate lever and are spring-loaded to the first, the intermediate lever is kinematically connected to the drive and the free end is interconnected with the curved arms in the folded state of the device.

The disadvantage of the above device for non-destructive testing is that in the folded state it has large dimensions, which complicates the delivery of the mechanism for testing welded seams, thereby limiting its use.

Also known is a device for radiographic control of products (author's certificate No. 1772701, IPC G01N 23/18, publ. 30.10.1992), containing a protective chamber having longitudinal and transverse walls, a cover, openings for loading and unloading products, covered by protective shutters, a radiation source made with the ability to move along the protective chamber, a radiation detector, a transport trolley, guides for its movement, a mechanism for installing and orienting products made in the form of brackets with rollers, and the openings are located in the roof and the transverse wall and communicate with each other, transport the trolley is equipped with a cantilever lifting mechanism, the console of which is installed perpendicular to the guides for moving the transport trolley, which are located on the upper end of the longitudinal wall, the said brackets with rollers are placed on the inner surface of the longitudinal wall, and the axes of rotation of the rollers are perpendicular to the surface of this wall.

The disadvantage is the insufficient performance of the device associated with the large dimensions of the device, since the product is placed horizontally.

Also known is a device for X-ray inspection of welded seams of metal structures (author's certificate No. 1731553, MPK V23K 37/00, publ. 07.05.1992), containing a self-propelled drive trolley, on which additional guides are located, located perpendicular to the longitudinal guides, bearing platforms with a drive their movement, on one site there is an X-ray apparatus for scanning the welded seams of sheet panels, on the other site there is an X-ray television introscope - a detector that performs the function of a receiver and converter of X-ray radiation into a video signal.

The disadvantages of the device are insufficient performance, large dimensions, as well as restrictions on the use of the device associated with the impossibility of monitoring the vertical welded joints of the tanks.

The closest is a device for X-ray inspection of welded seams, used to inspect vertical, horizontal and other welded seams in tanks (Patent RU No. 2718514, IPC G01N 23/04, publ. 08.04.2020), containing an X-ray apparatus and a detector, made with the ability positioning opposite each other on different sides of the tank wall and their corresponding synchronous movement along the tank wall to control horizontal and vertical welds.

The disadvantage is the low performance of the device associated with insufficient efficiency.

The technical tasks are to improve the efficiency of X-ray inspection of welded seams by inspecting horizontal and vertical welds, increasing productivity, and reducing metal consumption.

Technical problems are solved by a device for X-ray inspection of tank wall welds, containing an X-ray apparatus and a detector, made with the possibility of being placed opposite each other on opposite sides of the tank wall and their corresponding synchronous movement along the tank wall to control horizontal and vertical welds.

What is new is that it is equipped with a self-propelled cart with supporting and driving wheels made with the ability to move along the wall of the tank for horizontal movement of the X-ray apparatus and detector located on it when checking horizontal welds, and screws installed on the said cart with a rotation drive, which connected with an X-ray machine and a detector with the possibility of their vertical movement when checking vertical welds, while the support wheels are installed with the ability to abut against the wall of the tank while holding the trolley in a vertical position, and the rotation drives of the said driving wheels and the screw gear are made in the form of gear motors with chain drives.

Also new is the fact that the X-ray apparatus is equipped with a lead tube for protection from radiation and its focusing on the detector.

Also new is that said trolley is provided with a lead sheathing to protect against radiation.

Also new is the fact that the said trolley on the side of the detector is equipped with an information plate with markings.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 shows a device for X-ray inspection of welds, where 1 - X-ray machine, 2 - detector (X-ray television introscope, 3 - self-propelled cart, 4 - support wheels, 5 - drive wheels, 6 - screw for vertical movement of the detector, 7 - screw for vertical movement of the X-ray apparatus, 8 - tank wall, 9 - gear motor for driving wheels, 10 - chain gear for driving wheels, 11 - gear motor for chain drives for screw drives, 12 - chain drives for screw drives, 13 - lead tube, 14 - lead sheathing to protect against scattered radiation, 15 - information plate for markings, 16 - sensitivity standards, 17 - supply and connecting cables, 18 - operator's workplace, 19 - horizontal weld.

The device for X-ray inspection of welded seams contains a self-propelled trolley 3, which is equipped with support wheels 4 for abutting the device against the wall of the tank 8 and holding it in an upright position, and driving wheels 5, to which torque is transmitted through a chain transmission 10 from the gear motor 9 of the drive drive wheels 5, to move the device along the wall of the tank 8, allowing the inspection of horizontal welds 19. Also, the self-propelled trolley 3 is equipped with screws 6 and 7 for synchronous movement of the X-ray apparatus 1 and detector 2 when inspecting vertical welds.

X-ray apparatus 1 additionally has a lead tube 13 for protection against scattered radiation and focusing X-ray radiation on detector 2. X-ray apparatus 1 and detector 2 are suspended on screws 6 and 7, respectively, driven (in rotation) by a chain drive 12 from a gear motor 11 Such a design of the self-propelled carriage 3 allows the X-ray apparatus 1 and the detector 2 to be moved automatically and synchronously in the vertical direction when inspecting the vertical welds of the tank.

The speed of movement of the self-propelled cart 3 and the speed of rotation of the screws 6, 7 must comply with the requirements of GOST 27947-88 and depends on the technical characteristics of the detector 2, is selected in the process of commissioning, with allowable transillumination of welds.

Self-propelled trolley 3 devices for X-ray inspection of welds from all sides (except for the upper part) is equipped with a lead sheathing 14 to protect against scattered radiation.

To tie the obtained image to the welded seams, the self-propelled trolley 3 from the side of the detector 2 is equipped with an information plate 15, on which markings are installed.

A device for X-ray inspection of welded seams works as follows.

A self-propelled trolley 3, equipped with a lead sheathing 14 on all sides, is placed on the wall of the tank 8 so that the X-ray machine 1 with the emitter is opposite the place where the control starts - the controlled weld, respectively, on the other side of the weld there will be detector 2 (X-ray television introscope).

The minimum focal distance from the X-ray apparatus 1 to the control object - the weld seam is maintained at least 1 m, the distance from the detector 2 to the control object is made as small as possible. On information plate 15, markings are installed in accordance with GOST 7512-82. Also set the standards of sensitivity 16 in accordance with GOST 7512-82. X-ray apparatus 1 is switched on, control is carried out, according to the obtained image of the weld, it is assessed for compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents. To control horizontal welds 19 include a gear motor 9 drive the driving wheels 5. The device moves along the wall of the tank 8 using the driving wheels 5, to which torque is transmitted through the chain drive 10 from the gear motor 9. To control vertical welds, the motor is turned on -reductor 11 drive screws 6 and 7, the self-propelled trolley 3 is stationary at this time, the X-ray machine 1 with the lead tube 13 and the detector 2 move vertically synchronously. rotation of screws 6 and 7. To obtain a high-quality image in accordance with GOST 27947-88 and the technical characteristics of detector 2 that meets the requirements of regulatory documents for a given weld, it is necessary to correctly select the speed of movement of the X-ray apparatus 1 and detector 2 relative to the test object: when checking horizontal welds 19 - rotation speed driving wheels 5, and when inspecting vertical welds - the speed of rotation of screws 6 and 7. If necessary, the speed of rotation of driving wheels 5 and screws 6 and 7 can be adjusted during the allowable transillumination.

When checking the crosshairs of the horizontal and vertical welds of the tank, the X-ray apparatus 1 and the detector 2 are stationary, like the device as a whole. The control is carried out statically. Workstation 18 of the operator with a control panel for the device and a monitor, which displays the image of the weld by means of supply and connecting cables 17, is located outside the radiation hazardous zone. Already in the process of testing, an image of the welded seam is displayed on the monitor at the control panel, and immediately after the end of testing, there will be an idea of the quality of this welded seam, which significantly speeds up the inspection, therefore, increases the productivity of testing.

The proposed device for X-ray inspection of welded seams minimizes the influence of a person on the control results, it is only necessary to set the exposure parameters on the X-ray apparatus 1. Visualization of the image proceeds without human intervention, such operations as: preparation (cutting) of X-ray film, installation, removal of X-ray film on object of control, preparation of photo solutions for processing X-ray film, photo processing, drying and viewing of X-ray film for suitability for decoding X-ray film, are excluded from the control process. Also, the proposed device reduces the time from the beginning of the control to the receipt of the control result, excluding from the control process such operations as moving the NDT inspectors from outside the radiation hazardous zone to the control object and back to install the equipment at a new control site and prepare for a new exposure.

The device for X-ray inspection of welded seams minimizes the exposure of personnel to X-rays. The X-ray flux is focused in the lead tube 13 and directed towards the detector 2, while the self-propelled trolley 3 of the device for X-ray inspection of welded seams is equipped with lead sheathing on all sides 14. In addition, the resulting digital image of the weld seam allows you to view it in any mode, transmit , send and store for a long time.

The technical characteristics of detector 2 should allow obtaining an image in statics (with a stationary device in the process of checking the crosshairs) and in dynamics (when the device is moving during the inspection of vertical or horizontal welds) in accordance with the requirements of GOST 27947-88, GOST 7512-82 and GOST 31385-2016.

A self-propelled cart complete with an X-ray machine and a detector will allow all the above advantages to be used in the construction of tanks.

The proposed device for X-ray inspection of welded seams increases the efficiency of X-ray inspection of welded seams through the use of an X-ray television method and mechanization of inspection of horizontal, vertical welds and their crosshairs, increases productivity, and also reduces the material consumption of inspection.

Claims (4)

1. A device for X-ray inspection of tank wall welds, containing an X-ray apparatus and a detector, made with the possibility of being placed opposite each other on opposite sides of the tank wall and their corresponding synchronous movement along the tank wall to control horizontal and vertical welds, characterized in that it equipped with a self-propelled cart with supporting and driving wheels made with the ability to move along the wall of the tank for horizontal movement of the X-ray apparatus and detector located on it when checking horizontal welds and screws with a rotation drive installed on the said cart, which are connected to the X-ray apparatus and the detector with the possibility of their vertical movement when checking vertical welds, while the support wheels are installed with the possibility of abutting against the tank wall while holding the trolley in a vertical position, and the drives for rotation of the said driving wheels Into transmissions are made in the form of gear motors with chain drives. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the X-ray apparatus is equipped with a lead tube for protection from radiation and its focusing on the detector. 3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said trolley is provided with a lead sheathing to protect it from radiation. 4. Device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the said trolley from the side of the detector is equipped with an information plate with markings.

Images