RU2734422C2 - Device for water production from gas exhaust of burner, plasma gun or internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water and air purification technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used to produce water from hot exhaust gases in conditions of arid terrain and absence of mineralized water for its desalination. Exhaust pipe 1 is equipped with ejector 2 and gas sampling tube 3, which are connected to shell-and-tube heat exchanger-condenser 7. Hot air feed pipe 8 of heat exchanger-condenser 7 is connected through control valve to gas sampling tube 3, its outlet pipe of cold atmospheric air is connected through the second control valve to the output of ejector 14, and the branch pipe of atmospheric air inlet 10 through the third control valve is connected to atmosphere. Water is removed from heat exchanger-condenser through additional branch pipe 13 arranged in its lower right part. To increase the efficiency of the device, an additional finned heat exchanger 15 is introduced, buried into ground 17, the inlet branch pipe of which is connected to atmospheric air, and its outlet branch pipe is connected through fourth control valve to atmospheric air inlet branch pipe to heat exchanger-condenser 7, at that, third valve should be closed.

EFFECT: disclosed invention provides additional useful application of internal combustion engines and other power units, gas exhaust of which can be used, including for water production.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for obtaining water from hot gas exhaust in an arid area and the absence of mineralized water for its desalination, while not using additional sources of electrical and thermal energy.

It is known, for example, "A device for condensation of water vapor from the air" by the author Stolbov Yu.I. according to the author's certificate of the USSR No. 1813473. IPC B01D 5/00, E03B 3/28 [1].

This device contains an inclined pipe, the lower end of which is connected through a swivel with a double hinge to the ground, and the upper end is raised to a predetermined height with a colder air temperature. The pipe is assembled from hermetically interconnected torroids, inflated with gas with a lower density than air, and the outer surface of the pipe is equipped with a helical tail and is connected to a swivel through an electric generator.

The principle of operation of the device is based on the movement of air under wind pressure along an inclined pipe upward with a decrease in its pressure and temperature.

The disadvantage of this device is the need to install the pipe in the direction of the wind, and for this a complex structure of torroids with light gas and a spiral tail of the pipe has been created. In the absence of wind flow, this device is practically inoperative.

Also known is "Method of condensation of steam from gas and a device for its implementation" by the authors PP Poluektova, EP Yelets. and others according to RF patent No. 2288021. IPC B01D 5/00, B03C 3/00 [2].

The device contains an electrostatic charging chamber, consisting of a grounded circuit in the form of a cylindrical sleeve and a corona electrode placed in it, and a coagulation chamber is connected in series with the charging chamber, consisting of a cylindrical grounded body and a coaxially located cylindrical electrode connected to an alternating voltage source, separated by insulating gas-permeable partitions ...

In this device, the movement of charged water particles is created by an electric field. The disadvantages of this device are low productivity and the need to have a high voltage source with a corona electrode.

The program "Water Harvesting" of the Pentagon Research Agency DARPA is also known, the task of which is to halve the need for water of the army fighting in the desert: "American soldiers will extract water from the air and exhaust of cars", [electronic resource] www .membrana.ru / particle / 7578 [3]. This is due to the fact that water accounts for 40% of the traffic flowing to the supply of US troops in Iraq. Experienced off-road vehicles equipped with a system for extracting water from the exhaust of diesel engines are currently being tested. The operation of this system is based on the fact that the exhaust contains a certain amount of hydrogen, which then combines with oxygen in the air to form water. The disadvantage of this system is its low productivity and the need for further complex water purification, from which it is necessary to remove organic matter, soot, acids, nitrogen compounds and benzene. As the closest analogue, the "Method and device for water desalination" by the authors of Adiel W. Dodge and Dorian Dodge Crocker has been selected under US patent No. 3933600. IPC B01D 1/16; B01D 1/14; C02F 1/10 [4].

In a preferred embodiment of this complex structure, a burner or plasma gun is used, the exhaust pipe of which with a flame is located under a water spray, and the aerosol from the spray is supplied directly through the flame. Evaporation is produced by direct contact of the aerosol with a flame. Further, the gaseous mixture is discharged through a pipe into a condenser, in which water vapor is condensed and fed to chemical treatment.

This invention has a high productivity when spraying water in the flame of the burner, however, it is capable of operating in humid air, but with a lower productivity.

The disadvantage of this desalination system is the lack of standard units produced by industry, the difficulty in its practical implementation, low productivity when working with humidified air and inoperability in normal dry climate conditions.

The problem that the proposed invention solves is to obtain with high productivity water from the gas exhaust of a burner, plasma pistol or internal combustion engine in areas devoid of mineralized, marine, and other contaminated technical water sources, and the device uses only the kinetic energy of the gas jet ejection. The technical result is as follows:

- an ejector is used on the exhaust pipe, which creates a suction flow of atmospheric air passing through the annular space of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger-condenser;

- used a tube-sampling combustible gases, which are supplied under pressure to the heat-exchange tubes of the heat exchanger-condenser;

- an additional finned heat exchanger is introduced, which is buried in the ground, and the cooled atmospheric air passed through it enters the shell space of the heat exchanger-condenser.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a device for obtaining water from hot gas exhaust, using a burner or a flame gun or an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine, the exhaust pipe is additionally equipped with an ejector and a gas sampling tube, which are connected to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger by means of pipe conduits (pipes) -condenser, and its hot air inlet through the control valve is connected to the gas sampling tube, the cold atmospheric air outlet is connected through the second control valve and the pipe of the end of the piping in the ejector to the ejector outlet in its narrow part, the atmospheric air inlet through the third the control valve is connected to the atmosphere, and in the lower right part of the heat exchanger-condenser there is a branch pipe for water drainage.

The technical result is also achieved due to the fact that an additional finned heat exchanger is introduced, buried in the ground, and its inlet pipe is connected to atmospheric air, and the outlet pipe is connected through the fourth control valve to the atmospheric air inlet pipe to the heat exchanger-condenser with the third valve closed.

The drawing shows "A device for obtaining water from the gas exhaust of a burner, plasma gun or internal combustion engine."

The device contains an exhaust pipe 1 of a burner or a plasma pistol or an internal combustion engine or other unit with the release of burnt hot gases, on which an ejector 2 and a hot air sampling tube 3 are fixed, connected by piping through control valves 4 and 5, respectively, with a branch pipe 6 for removing cold air from of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger-condenser 7 and with a branch pipe 8 for introducing hot air into the tubes 9 of the heat exchanger-condenser, the latter being equipped with a branch pipe 10 for entering atmospheric air through the third control valve 11, a branch pipe 12 for exhausting hot air and a branch pipe 13 for removing water. The end of the piping from the nozzle 6 through the valve 4 is equipped with a nozzle 14 located in the narrow part of the ejector at its outlet. In this configuration, the device works more efficiently, for example, in the desert at night, when the atmospheric air is colder and contains more water vapor.

It is possible to increase the efficiency of the device during the daytime by placing an additional finned heat exchanger 15 buried in the ground 16, the inlet pipe 17 of which is connected to the atmosphere, and the outlet pipe 18 through the fourth control valve 19 is connected to the pipe 10 for introducing atmospheric air into the heat exchanger-condenser.

The device for obtaining water from the gas exhaust of a burner, plasma gun or internal combustion engine operates as follows.

In the presence of the outflow of a hot gas stream at the outlet of the exhaust pipe 1, the ejector 2 sucks in atmospheric air from the branch pipe 14 through the open valve 11 and the branch pipe 10, which passes through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger-condenser 7, exits through the branch pipe 6, the control valve 4 and the ejector 2 into the atmosphere (on the drawing "Exhaust"). This is due to the fact that the flow of ejected hot gas from the exhaust pipe 1 creates a vacuum inside the ejector in its narrow part and, as a result, atmospheric air is ejected from the branch pipe 14 at the end of the pipe line in the ejector.

Shell-and-tube condensers-heat exchangers are known [5], see, for example, “Tube heat exchangers. Shell and tube heat exchangers. [Electronic resource] www.gigabaza.ru/doc/17620.html. Figure: 13-5. "Multi-pass (on the annular space) shell-and-tube heat exchanger".

Part of the flow from the hot gas pipe 1 is taken by the sampling tube 3 and enters the pipelines under pressure through the control valve 5 and the branch pipe 8 to the condenser tubes 9, warming them up, and exits to the atmosphere through the branch pipe 12.

As a result of the interaction of streams of hot and cold atmospheric air, condensate forms on the inner surface of the tubes 9, which accumulates in the lower right part of the condenser-heat exchanger 7 and is removed through its branch pipe 13 (in the drawing "Water").

In hot climates, such a mode of operation of the proposed device is more effective at night with colder atmospheric air containing a greater percentage of water vapor or when using the device on the seashore and large bodies of water with more humid air.

The operation of the proposed device is more efficient when using an additional finned heat exchanger 15 buried in the ground 16.

The effect of burying the heat exchanger in the ground is known [6]: I.L. Antufiev. Device for obtaining water in the desert. RF patent No. 2526628. IPC E03B 3/28. See also [7]: A.P. Milanich. Installation for the production of cheap fresh water. RF patent No. 2157874. IPC E03B 3/28.

The finned heat exchanger is also known. See [8] Tubular heat exchangers. Shell and tube heat exchangers [Electronic pecypc] www.gigabaza.ru/doc/17620.html. Figure: 13-12. “Elements of a heat exchanger with fins”.

In this case, the atmospheric air sucked in by the ejector 2 through the nozzle 14 passes through the inlet 17 of the heat exchanger 15, is cooled from the ground due to the ribbing to the ground temperature 16, exits through the nozzle 18, the fourth control valve 19, the inlet 10 of the heat exchanger-condenser 7, washing its annular space and exits through the nozzle 6 and valve 4 into the ejector 2, while the valve 11 must be closed.

The proposed device can be used to obtain water in steppe and desert areas, completely devoid of any water sources, including mineralized or industrial water, while no additional sources of electrical or thermal energy are required.

In addition, when using this device, the efficiency and additional useful use of internal combustion engines and other power units, the gas exhaust of which is also advisable to also be used for water production, increases.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

1. Stolbov Yu.I. A device for condensing water vapor from the air. USSR author's certificate No. 1813473. IPC B01D 5/00; E03B 3/28 (analog).

2. PP Poluektov, EP Yelets. and other Method of condensation of steam from gas and a device for its implementation. RF patent No. 2288021. IPC B01D 5/00; В03С / 00 (analogue).

3. American soldiers will extract water from the air and exhaust of cars, [electronic resource] www.membrana.ru/particle/7578.

4. Adiel W. Dodge and Dorian Dodge Crocker. Method and device for water desalination. US patent No. 3933600. IPC B01D 1/16; B01D 1/14; C02F 1/10 (prototype).

5. Tubular heat exchangers. Shell and tube heat exchangers. [Electronic resource] www.gigabaza.ru/doc/17620.html. Figure: 13-5. Multi-pass (on the annular space) shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

6. Antufiev I.L. Device for obtaining water in the desert. RF patent No. 2526628. IPC E03B 3/28 (analogue).

7. Milanich A.P. Installation for the production of cheap fresh water. RF patent No. 2157874. IPC Е03В 3/28 $ C02F 1/04 (analogue).

8. Tubular heat exchangers. Shell and tube heat exchangers. [Electronic resource] www.gigabaza.ru/doc/17620.html. Figure: 13-12. Heat exchanger elements with fins.

Claims (2)

1. A device for obtaining water from the gas exhaust of a burner, plasma gun or internal combustion engine, using a burner, or a flame pistol, or an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine with a hot gas flow, characterized in that an ejector and a gas sampling tube are connected to the exhaust pipe, connected by means of pipe wiring to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger-condenser, and its hot air inlet through the control valve is connected to the gas sampling tube, its cold atmospheric air outlet is connected through the second control valve and the branch pipe of the pipe wiring end in the ejector to the ejector outlet, in addition, the inlet atmospheric air through the third control valve is connected to the atmosphere, and in the lower right part of the heat exchanger-condenser there is a branch pipe for water removal. 2. A device for obtaining water from the gas exhaust of a burner, plasma pistol or internal combustion engine, using a burner, or a plasma pistol, or the exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine with a hot gas flow according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional finned heat exchanger is introduced, buried in the ground, and its inlet branch pipe is connected to atmospheric air, and its outlet branch pipe is connected through the fourth control valve to the branch pipe for atmospheric air inlet to the heat exchanger-condenser with the third valve closed.

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