RU2732170C1 - Plastic-sand-crumbling road surface depositor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to vehicles for road-building materials during construction of road surfaces, aerodromes and similar objects. This is ensured by creation of a coating from plastic-sand-grained mixture prepared by separate heating of ground plastic, heating of sand-gravel mixture and their mixing, arrangement of iron mesh fabric in the middle of roadway.EFFECT: technical result is providing long-term use of roads with a wide range of ambient air temperatures, high load and less road traffic destructibility from natural phenomena (moisture).1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to vehicles, in particular to self-propelled chassis of road machines, used primarily for laying road-building materials, laying road surfaces, airfields and similar objects.

The object of this invention is to improve the long-term use of roads with a wide range of outdoor temperatures. The task of the proposed device is to improve the efficiency of the paver paver, the use of used plastic for road construction, and improve the environment.

There are various designs of road surface pavers: an asphalt paver, RF patent 2164974, containing a self-propelled base machine, a receiving hopper, working bodies, which are mainly intended for laying asphalt surfaces. Asphalt consists of a main component and additional ones. The main bitumen is the same, but not natural, but artificially created. Low-viscous, viscous oil, modified bitumen are used. The main component of asphalt is bitumen. It is present in all types of coating material. Other components are used in different proportions. These include sand, gravel, crushed stone, additional additives. Known devices and installations for creating road surfaces and their repair, using heat treatment of road surfaces:

- devices for thermal soil treatment [SU inventor's certificates for inventions No. 359335, No. 521377, No. 626142];

- Installations for thermal strengthening of the upper soil layer [SU inventor's certificates for inventions No. 1010173, No. 1350223];

- devices for heating concrete surfaces [SU inventor's certificates for inventions No. 377496, No. 595269];

- devices for heating freshly laid concrete mixes [SU inventor's certificates for inventions No. 700506, No. 781191];

- "A device for warming up asphalt concrete road surfaces" [SU author's certificate for invention No. 94295];

- devices for heating the asphalt concrete road surface [RU patent for invention No. 2093635, RU patent for invention No. 2100519], in which microwave emitters are used as heating elements.

The listed devices, for one reason or another, do not solve the problem posed in this application - it is economical to obtain a high-quality road surface in terms of the amount of energy carrier consumed and the time it takes to complete the work, ensuring its high strength. So, microwave emitters have not yet become widespread in the road industry due to the high cost of devices and labor intensity of use, as well as the need to introduce additional personal protective equipment for working personnel. To use these devices, it is necessary to have highly qualified trained personnel. Therefore, the above does not allow the use of microwave technology in the everyday practice of building and repairing road surfaces. There is also known a device for heating freshly laid concrete mixtures, RF patent for invention No. 2165847, containing a frame mounted on wheels, to drive which a Sterling engine is used. A heat energy source is mounted on it in the form of an annular gas manifold with nozzles installed in a plane parallel to the coating. The disadvantage of this device is the increase in heat consumption for heating the coating, since there is no contact of the high-temperature part of the torch - its top with the coating. The disadvantages of the Sterling engine include large dimensions and weight, high cost of work compared to piston engines. In addition, the device does not provide uniform heating of the coating and there is no system for controlling the temperature of the coating. The closest analogue of the claimed device is a line-heater for heating individual small places and edges of the road surface, which is a trolley on which a block of infrared radiation burners and a gas cylinder are installed [Road asphalt concrete technologies: A manual for asphalt concrete worker. - M .: MAKS Press, 2000, p.70-71].

The disadvantages of this device include its high inertness, the duration of heating the coating to the operating temperature, high energy consumption, the need for frequent replacement of expensive and easy-to-use infrared heaters in road construction. With infrared devices, there is a high likelihood of uneven heating of the pavement, as certain areas of the asphalt pavement absorb radiation, such as oil stains, while others reflect, such as light colored filler.

The technical result of the invention is the operation of the road surface with a wide range of outdoor temperatures, a significant increase in the service life of roads. Improving the ecology on Earth, plastic is taken to landfills, where it practically does not decompose.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that instead of bitumen, to bind sand and crushed stone, used products are used that are unsuitable for their reuse from various plastics: polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene succinate, polyhydroxybutyrate, nylon-6, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon-66, etc. The melting temperature range of which is from 130 to 267 degrees. The melting temperature of asphalt is from 20 to 100 degrees, depending on the constituent elements. An iron mesh cloth placed in the middle of a plastic-sand-crushed stone cloth.

The invention is illustrated by graphic materials, where:

Fig. 1 Layer of plastic-sand-crushed stone roadbed, side view.

1. Road bed;

2. Receiving bunker-feeder of plastic;

3. The supply of plastic to the conveyor;

4. Post of management;

5. Manipulator;

6.Engine compartment;

7.Conveyor of shredded plastic;

8. Device for changing the angle of the plastic conveyor;

9.Inner rotating plastic drum;

10.Inner ribs of plastic drum;

11. Driving gear of the inner drum housing;

12. Driven gear wheel of the inner plastic drum;

13. Electric motor for rotation of the inner plastic drum;

14.Hydraulic cylinder;

15. Support beam of the outer plastic body and the outer sand-crushed stone body;

16. The path of movement of crushed plastic;

17.Outer drum body;

18.Plastic drum plate with built-in air blower;

19.Conveyor of shredded heated plastic;

20.Rack for attaching a plastic drum;

21. Plastic drum mounting platform;

22. Body of gas cylinders;

23. Gas cylinders;

24. Unit for fastening the hydraulic cylinder of the compacting roller;

25. Hydraulic cylinder of the compacting roller;

26. Fixed body of the mixer;

27. Plastic-sand-crushed stone road bed;

28. Iron mesh fabric;

29. Electric motor of rotation of the inner body of the mixer;

30. Driven gear wheel for rotation of the inner mixer body;

31.Drive gear wheel of rotation of the inner body of the mixer;

32. The path of movement of the plastic-sand-crushed stone mixture;

33. Compact roller;

34. Inner body of the mixer;

35. Rink stand;

36. Conveyor of plastic-sand-crushed stone mixture;

37. Working body, consisting of a compactor bar and a screed;

38. Spreading auger;

39. Racks for fastening the distribution auger;

40. Electric motor for rotation of the rear coil of the iron mesh cloth;

41. Rack for fastening the electric motor of rotation of the rear coil of the iron mesh cloth;

42. The burner of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

43. Hot air flow;

44. Iron mesh back coil;

45. Heating device for iron mesh fabric;

46. Racks for fastening the rear coil of an iron mesh cloth;

47. Assembly of the roller rack;

48. Support beam for the iron netting of the rear coil;

49. Rack of a beam of support of a net cloth of a back coil;

50. Support beam for iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

51. Rear coil of iron mesh cloth;

52. Iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

53. Rack of the beams supporting the front spool netting;

54. Hydraulic cylinder of control of the beam of support of the iron mesh cloth of the rear coil;

55. Hydraulic cylinder for control of the front coil iron mesh support beam;

56. Racks for fastening the front coil of an iron mesh cloth;

57. Electric motor for rotation of the front coil of the iron mesh cloth;

58.Front coil of iron mesh cloth;

59. Rack for fastening the electric motor of rotation of the front coil of the iron mesh cloth;

60. Platform for fixing the shredded plastic conveyor;

61. Racks for fastening the shredded plastic conveyor;

Fig. 2 A paver of plastic-sand-gravel roadbed, top view.

2. Receiving bunker-feeder of plastic;

3. The supply of plastic to the conveyor;

4. Post of management;

5. Manipulator;

6.Engine compartment;

7.Conveyor of shredded plastic;

8. Device for changing the angle of the plastic conveyor;

9. Internal rotating plastic drum;

10.Inner ribs of plastic drum;

13. Electric motor for rotation of the inner drum;

16. The path of movement of crushed plastic;

17.Outer drum body;

18.Burner internal rotating plastic drum with built-in air blower;

19.Conveyor of heated shredded plastic;

21. Plastic drum mounting platform;

22. The housing for placing gas cylinders;

23. Gas cylinders;

26. Fixed body of the mixer;

27. Plastic-sand-crushed stone road bed;

28. Iron mesh fabric;

30. Driven gear wheel for rotation of the inner mixer body;

34. Inner body of the mixer;

36. Conveyor of plastic-sand-crushed stone mixture;

38. Spreading auger;

48. Support beam for the iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

50. Support beam for the rear coil iron mesh;

51. Rear coil of iron mesh cloth;

54. Hydraulic cylinder of control of the beam of support of the iron mesh cloth of the rear coil;

55. Hydraulic cylinder for control of the front coil iron mesh support beam;

58.Front coil of iron mesh cloth;

59. Rack for fastening the electric motor of rotation of the front coil of the iron mesh cloth;

62. Receiving hopper-feeder of sand-crushed stone mixture;

63. Delivery of sand-crushed stone mixture to the conveyor;

64. Conveyor of sand and crushed stone mixture;

65. The platform for fastening the conveyor of sand-crushed stone mixture;

66. Device for changing the angle of the conveyor of sand-crushed stone mixture;

67. Internal rotating drum of sand and crushed stone mixture;

68. Inner ribs of the sand-crushed stone drum;

69. Driven gear wheel of the inner drum of the sand-crushed stone mixture;

70. The path of movement of the sand-crushed stone mixture;

71. Platform for fastening a plastic drum of a sand-crushed stone mixture;

72. A burner of a sand-crushed stone mixture of a drum with a built-in air blower;

73. Conveyor of sand and crushed stone mixture;

75. Rear roll of iron mesh cloth;

76. Front roll of iron mesh cloth;

Fig. 3 Fragment of a plastic-sand-crushed stone paver paver.

9.Inner rotating plastic drum;

10.Inner ribs of plastic drum;

11 Drive gear of the inner drum housing;

12. Driven gear wheel of the inner plastic drum;

13. Electric motor for rotation of the inner drum;

14.Hydraulic cylinder;

15. Support beam of the outer plastic body and the outer sand-crushed stone body;

16. The path of movement of crushed plastic;

17.Outer drum body;

18.Plastic drum burner with built-in air blower;

19.Conveyor of heated shredded plastic;

20.Rack for attaching a plastic drum;

21. Plastic drum mounting platform;

26. Fixed body of the mixer;

29. Electric motor of rotation of the inner body of the mixer;

30. Driven gear of the inner mixer body;

31.Drive gear wheel of rotation of the inner body of the mixer;

34. Inner body of the mixer;

36. Conveyor of plastic-sand-crushed stone mixture;

Fig. 4 Fragment of a plastic-sand-crushed stone road bed paver.

1. Road bed;

27. Plastic-sand-crushed stone road bed;

33. Compact roller;

35. Rink stand;

36. Conveyor of plastic-sand-crushed stone mixture;

37. Working body, consisting of a compactor bar and a screed;

38. Spreading auger;

39. Stands for fastening the distribution auger; 44. Iron mesh back coil;

42. The burner of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

43. Hot air flow;

44. Iron netting of the rear coil;

45. Heating device for iron mesh fabric;

46. Racks for fastening the rear coil of an iron mesh cloth;

51. Rear coil of iron mesh cloth;

77. Rear guide rollers of the heating device of the iron wire mesh;

78. The body of the burner of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

79. Front guide rollers of the iron mesh cloth heating device;

88. The electric motor of the front guide rollers of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

Fig. 5 A paver of plastic-sand-crushed stone roadbed.

Connection of the iron mesh of the front coil with the iron mesh of the rear coil.

41. Rack for fastening the electric motor of rotation of the rear coil of the iron mesh cloth;

42. The burner of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

43. Hot air flow;

40. Electric motor for rotation of the rear coil of the iron mesh cloth;

44. Iron mesh back coil;

48. Support beam for the iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

49. Rack of a beam of support of a net cloth of a back coil;

50. Support beam for the rear coil iron mesh;

52. Iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

53. Rack of the beams supporting the front spool netting;

54. Hydraulic cylinder of control of the beam of support of the iron mesh cloth of the rear coil;

55. Hydraulic cylinder for control of the front coil iron mesh support beam;

57. Electric motor for rotation of the front coil of the iron mesh cloth;

59. Rack for fastening the electric motor of rotation of the front coil of the iron mesh cloth;

80. Hook connecting the iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

78. The body of the burner of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

79. Front guide rollers of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

81. The last link of the rear coil iron mesh;

88. The electric motor of the front guide rollers of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

Fig. 6 A paver of plastic-sand-gravel road bed.

Joining the iron mesh of the rear coil with the iron mesh of the front coil.

40. Electric motor for rotation of the rear coil of the iron mesh cloth;

41. Rack for fastening the electric motor of rotation of the rear coil of the iron mesh cloth;

42. The burner of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

43. Hot air flow;

44. Iron mesh back coil;

48. Support beam for the iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

49. Rack of a beam of support of a net cloth of a back coil;

50. Support beam for the rear coil iron mesh;

52. Iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

53. Rack of the beams supporting the front spool netting;

54. Hydraulic cylinder of control of the beam of support of the iron mesh cloth of the rear coil;

55. Hydraulic cylinder for control of the front coil iron mesh support beam;

57. Electric motor for rotation of the front coil of the iron mesh cloth;

59. Rack for fastening the electric motor of rotation of the front coil of the iron mesh cloth;

78. The body of the burner of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

79. Front guide rollers of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

82. Hook connecting the iron mesh cloth of the rear coil;

83. The last link of the iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

88. The electric motor of the front guide rollers of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth;

Fig.7 Paver of plastic-sand-crushed stone roadbed. Iron mesh cloth.

44. Iron mesh back coil;

52. Iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

80. Hook connecting the iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

82. Hook connecting the iron mesh cloth of the rear coil;

84. Longitudinal iron bar;

83. The last link of the iron mesh cloth of the front coil;

85. Transverse iron bar;

86. Welding of iron rods;

87. Additional iron bar to create a hook;

The work of the plastic-sand-crushed stone road bed is carried out as follows. A product made of used and unsuitable for recycling plastic is crushed, pressed and delivered to a plastic-sand-crushed stone paver, unloaded into a plastic 2 receiving hopper and fed to a shredded plastic conveyor 7, for transportation to an inner rotating plastic drum 9, where there is mixing and movement towards the conveyor of the crushed heated plastic 19, by the electric motor of rotation of the inner plastic drum 13, located in the outer housing of the drum 17, through the drive gear of the inner drum housing 11 and the driven gear of the inner plastic drum 12. When rotating the inner rotating plastic drum 9 , the shredded plastic is captured by the inner ribs of the plastic drum 10, heated, mixed and advanced to the conveyor of the shredded heated plastic 19. The shredded plastic is heated by the burner of the inner rotating plastic drum and with a built-in air blower 18, until it is soft, preventing it from melting. When the heated air passes through the inner rotating drum of the plastic 9, excess moisture is removed. Gas enters the burner from gas cylinders 23 located in the housing for gas cylinders 22. Heated shredded plastic from the inner rotating plastic drum 9 is fed through the conveyor of heated shredded plastic 19 to the inner housing of the mixer 34.

Sand-crushed stone (pre-prepared with a certain proportion of sand and crushed stone) the mixture is delivered to the plastic-sand-crushed stone paver, unloaded into the receiving hopper-feeder of the sand-crushed stone mixture 62 and enters the conveyor of the sand-crushed stone mixture 64, for transportation to the internal a rotating drum of a sand-crushed stone mixture 67, where it is mixed and moved by the inner ribs of the drum of a sand-crushed stone mixture 68, while rotating by an electric motor, through a drive gear and a driven gear 69. The sand-crushed stone mixture is heated by a burner of a sand-crushed stone mixture with a built-in air blower 72 and moves to the conveyor of the sand-crushed stone mixture 73. The sand-crushed stone mixture is heated to a temperature of 270-300 degrees. When heated air enters the inner rotating drum of the plastic 67, moisture is removed. The heated sand-crushed stone mixture from the inner rotating drum of the sand-crushed stone mixture 67 is fed through the conveyor of the sand-crushed stone mixture 73 into the inner housing of the 34 mixer.

For a constant speed of movement of crushed plastic in the inner rotating drum of plastic 9 and sand-crushed stone mixture in the inner body of the drum of sand-crushed stone mixture 67, their axis angle changes depending on the angle of the road (descent, ascent) relative to the horizon, with a hydraulic cylinder 14 through the support beam of the outer plastic body and external sand-crushed stone body 15, thereby ensuring a constant angle of the axis of the drums 9.67 relative to the horizon, when the axis of the road angle changes (descent, ascent). The device for changing the angle of the plastic conveyor 8 and the device for changing the axis of the angle of the conveyor of the sand-crushed stone mixture 66 provide a stable supply of crushed plastic, sand-crushed stone mixture when the angle of the drum axes changes 9.67. By changing the axis of the angle of the axes of the drums 9.69, the speed of advancement of crushed plastic and sand-crushed stone mixture of their temperature is regulated.

The inner body of the mixer 34 is rotated by the electric motor of rotation of the inner body of the mixer 29 through the drive gear of rotation of the inner body of the mixer 31 and the driven gear of the inner body of the mixer 30. The crushed heated plastic is mixed with the heated sand-crushed stone mixture. Sand and crushed stone are "enveloped" with heated plastic - a plastic-sand-crushed stone mixture is formed.

The plastic-sand-crushed stone mixture on the conveyor of the plastic-sand-crushed stone mixture 36 enters the distribution auger 38.

The iron netting of the rear coil 44 is wound on the rear coil of the iron netting 51. The beginning of which is inserted into the front guide rollers of the heating device of the iron netting 79 and moves by the guide front rollers into the heating devices of the iron netting 79, which are rotated by an electric motor 88. The iron netting 44 passes inside the heating device of the iron mesh cloth 45 and exits through the rear guide rollers of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth 77. When the iron mesh cloth 44 passes, inside the heating device of the iron mesh cloth 45, it heats up, over its entire width, to a temperature of 400-500 degrees Celsius burner heating device. The flow of hot air 43 passing through the body of the burner socket of the heating device of the iron mesh fabric 78 also heats the roadbed 1, removing moisture. From the distributing auger 38, the plastic-sand-crushed stone mixture enters the working body, consisting of a compaction bar and a screed plate 37. The plastic-sand-crushed stone mixture passing through the heated iron mesh cloth 44.52 envelopes it (plastic adheres to the iron mesh cloth 44, 52 to prevent metal corrosion). The 44.52 mesh railroad bed is located in the middle of the plastic-sand-crushed stone bed of road 27. When the plastic-sand-crushed stone road bed is moving forward, the plastic-sand-crushed stone bed of road 27 is compacted by a roller 33. The compaction force on the plastic-sand crushed stone bed of road 27 is regulated by the hydraulic cylinder of the compaction roller 25.

For the continuous supply of the iron mesh cloth, webs 44 and 52 are connected by bending hooks 80.82 around the last link of the iron mesh cloth 83, when passing through the front guide rollers of the heating device of the iron mesh cloth 79. To unwind the iron mesh cloths, the following is used: the rear coil of the iron mesh cloth 40, mounted on the support of the electric motor of rotation of the rear coil of the iron mesh cloth 41 and the electric motor of rotation of the front coil of the iron mesh cloth 57, mounted on the support of the electric motor of rotation of the front coil of the iron mesh cloth 59. It is also used: hydraulic cylinder to control the support beam iron netting of the rear coil 54, the rail of the support beam of the netting of the rear coil 49, the beam of the support of the iron mesh of the front coil 48, the hydraulic cylinder of the control of the beam of the support of the iron netting Coils of the front spool 55, the rail of the support beam of the front spool netting 53, the beam of the support of the iron netting of the rear coil 50.

The process of joining the iron netting is illustrated by the graphical materials in FIG. 5 and 6. Replacing the rear coil of the iron mesh 51 and the front coil of the iron mesh 58 is carried out by the manipulator 5. After winding the iron mesh onto the rear coil 54, additional iron rods are manually bent to the outside to create hooks 87. After winding the iron mesh on the front reel 58, additional iron rods are manually bent to the outside to create hooks 87.

The proposed technical solution is not known from the prior art for available information sources, from which it clearly follows for a specialist, and can be practically implemented in mass production using conventional technology, that is, it meets the criteria of patentability.

Author Kulikov V.D.

Claims (1)

A plastic-sand-crushed stone pavement paver containing a running gear, an engine compartment, a receiving hopper, a hydraulic cylinder for a working body suspension with a screed, a heating system in the form of burners connected to gas cylinders, a mixer, a distribution auger, a conveyor, characterized in that it equipped with a receiving hopper for plastic 2, a conveyor for shredded plastic 7, and the receiving hopper is made in the form of a feeding hopper for sand-crushed stone mixture 62, a conveyor - in the form of a conveyor for sand-crushed stone mixture 64, while the conveyor for crushed plastic 8 is made with a change device the angle of its axis, and the stacker has an inner rotating drum of plastic 9, inside which the inner ribs of the drum 10 are located, located in the outer housing of the drum 17, rotates by an electric motor 13 through the drive gear of the inner drum housing 11 and the driven gear of the inner plastic drum 12, the inner rotating drum sand-chippings night mix 67, inside of which the inner ribs of the drum 68 are located, placed in the outer housing of the drum 70, rotates by an electric motor through the drive gear of the inner drum body and the driven gear of the inner drum of the sand-crushed stone mixture 69, the crushed plastic is heated by the burner of the inner rotating plastic drum with a built-in blower air 18, the heating of the sand-crushed stone mixture is carried out by the burner of the sand-crushed stone mixture of the drum with a built-in air blower 72, which is filled with gas from gas cylinders 23, changing or maintaining a constant speed of movement of the crushed plastic in the inner rotating plastic drum 9 and sand-crushed stone mixture in the inner the body of the drum of the sand-crushed stone mixture 67 is provided by changing or maintaining the axis of the drums, by changing the length of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 14, which acts on the bodies 17, 70 through the support beam of the outer plastic body and the outer p sand-crushed stone body 15, mixing of heated crushed plastic and heated sand-crushed stone mixture occurs in the inner body of the mixer 34, located in the stationary body of the mixer 26, the rotation of the inner body of the mixer is carried out through the driven gear of the inner body of the mixer 30 and the drive gear of rotation of the inner body of the mixer 31 electric motor 29, formed by a plastic-sand-crushed stone mixture, passing through the distribution auger 38, a working body consisting of a compaction bar and a screed 37, and an iron mesh cloth 44, 52, heated by a burner of a heating device of an iron mesh cloth 42, into which gas enters from gas cylinders 23, is laid on roadway 1, a plastic-sand-crushed stone bed is formed with an iron mesh road 27 inside, compacted with a compaction roller 33, the compaction force is regulated by a hydraulic cylinder of a compaction roller 25, iron nets The rolled webs are wound on coils 51, 58 before installing the plastic-sand-crushed stone road bed, they are changed by manipulator 5, the blades are connected by an electric motor of rotation of the rear coil of an iron mesh web 40, an electric motor of rotation of the front coil of an iron mesh web 57, a hydraulic cylinder to control the support beam iron wire cloth of the rear coil 54, a hydraulic cylinder for controlling the support beam of the iron wire cloth of the front coil 55, an electric motor of the front guide rollers of the heater of the iron wire cloth 88 and the front guide rollers of the heater of the iron wire cloth 79.

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