RU2731853C1 - Tire studded with ministuds and method of its studding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automotive industry.SUBSTANCE: studs are represented by ministuds made of staples or nails of elastic steel or tungsten wire with diameter of 2÷4 mm, tips of which have length of about 1.5–2 diameters of wire are hardened. Tire studding method consists in installation of anti-skid ministuds in belt tread in process of its manufacturing from side, inverse of tread running surface. Tread made in such a way is applied on the preliminarily roughed tire carcass with subsequent vulcanization.EFFECT: improved coupling properties of tire under conditions of its winter operation.4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the tire industry, concerns the design of anti-skid studs and the method of studding the tread of vehicle tires to increase their adhesion to the supporting surface characterized by a low coefficient of adhesion, and can be used in the production of tires.

There is a known method of studding a tire [patent GB 1034446, class B60C11 / 16, publication date 06/29/1966], which consists in drilling holes in the tread lugs in accordance with a given pattern of the arrangement of anti-skid studs, installing anti-skid studs in these holes and fixing them in these holes.

Also known is a winter tire [patent RU 2499681, class B60C11 / 16, B60C11 / 00, publication date 11/27/2013] containing a tread, and the tread contains: a plurality of grooves formed on its surface; belts limited by grooves; narrow slots made on the belts; and studs pressed into the belts, in which the tread comprises a surface layer located on a surface side of the tire and an inner layer located on a radially inner side of the surface layer.

Analogs have several disadvantages. The large anti-skid studs used in them cause significant damage to asphalt concrete surfaces. In this regard, the studs are rarely located on the tread surface, while the denser their location, the more reliable the movement on ice. The studs used have a high production cost, both because of the complex design and because of the rods used in the construction made of expensive hard alloys, [example, RF patent 2171179]. In addition, as the operation progresses, the tread lugs wear out, and along with them, the anti-skid studs are subject to wear. As a result of the wear of the studs, some of them fall out of the lug sockets. If we take into account that under the rubber layer of the lugs there are layers of the frame and / or breaker, damage to which should be excluded, then when installing the studs they are placed at a depth significantly less than the height of the lug itself. Tire wear is visually determined by the appearance of a tire wear indicator layer. By this time, the lug wear in height significantly exceeds the height of the entire anti-skid stud, which leads to a situation in which the tire can be used, since the wear indicator layer has not yet been developed, and there are no anti-skid studs in the lugs, which leads to the need to replace the tire before expiration its service life. Additional studding of such a tire is impossible, since this would damage the layers of the carcass and / or belt.

There is a known method for studding a tire [patent RU 2220055, class В60С11 / 16, publication date 12/27/2003], chosen as a prototype and including drilling holes in the tread lugs and installing anti-skid studs into these holes, and the anti-skid studs are installed in the holes of the grousers from the side the tread of the reverse running surface of the tread lugs, and then the projector with spikes is installed on the roughened tire carcass with subsequent vulcanization.

Also known is the tire of a pneumatic tire [patent RU 2425758, class B60C9 / 08, publication date 08/10/2011], selected for the prototype, which contains a tread, a breaker, sidewalls, a carcass consisting of an outer and inner groups of rubberized cord layers, bead rings.

Among the disadvantages of prototypes are the following. In the prototype method, for the installation of anti-skid studs, it is necessary to drill holes for each stud due to their large diameter, followed by the installation of studs, which is time-consuming. The prototype device does not provide good adhesion of the tire to the road surface covered with ice.

The present group of inventions is aimed at solving the technical problem of ensuring high adhesion qualities of the tire along the entire depth of the lug by using a new type of anti-skid studs. The technical result of the claimed solution is to improve the performance of the tire in comparison with prototypes, due to the high density of the studs, which remains throughout the entire service life of the tire.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known pneumatic tire containing a tread, a belt, sidewalls, a carcass consisting of an outer and an inner group of rubberized cord layers, bead rings, studs are driven into the tread, from the side opposite the running surface, and with high density of distribution over the entire rolling surface.

FIG. 1

или гвоздика

из стальной или вольфрамовой проволоки диаметром 2÷4 мм, используемой для изготовления пружин (назовем их "минишипы"). Кончики “минишипа“ длиной порядка 1.5÷2 диаметров проволоки предлагается закаливать для повышения износостойкости.The same result is achieved in that the body of the spikes is made in the form of a staple

or carnation

from steel or tungsten wire with a diameter of 2 ÷ 4 mm, used for the manufacture of springs (let's call them "mini spikes"). It is proposed to harden the tips of the "mini-thorn" with a length of about 1.5 ÷ 2 wire diameters to increase wear resistance.

The same result is achieved in that the "mini-studs" protrude above the tread surface by an amount approximately equal to the diameter of the "mini-stud".

The same result is achieved by the fact that in the known tire studding method, which consists in installing anti-skid studs from the side of the tread of the reverse running surface of the tread lugs, the studs are driven into the finished tape tread intended for application to the roughened tire carcass with subsequent vulcanization.

The same result is achieved by the fact that the packing of the studs is performed by a worm machine modified by a stapler-type device so that the placement of the "mini-studs" is consistent with the tread pattern.

The shape of the mini-studs and the method of their installation completely exclude the mini-studs from falling out until the tire is completely worn out.

Compared to prototypes, the group of inventions has a new set of essential features, i.e. meets the criterion of novelty.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the new design of a studded tire involves the placement of a large number of small studs made of steel wire (let's call them "mini-studs"), up to 1 pc / cm ² over the entire rolling surface. During operation, these mini-studs wear out along with the tread, but since the strength of the metal is higher than the strength of rubber, they will always wear out more slowly than rubber during the process of abrasion. Thus, they will always protrude somewhat above the rubber surface. The elasticity of the mini-stud and the protrusion above the rubber surface of the order of the diameter will not allow them to bend and will ensure a constant working condition. This tire design will provide it with a greater coefficient of ice grip than traditional studs, due to the large number of mini studs, not worse grip on snow, and significantly better grip on asphalt. This is ensured by the fact that on hard asphalt the spikes are pressed into the elastic rubber, and grip occurs with the tread rubber, while in the traditional spike tire, the spikes almost prevent the rubber from contacting the asphalt. In addition, mini studs will practically not damage the asphalt, unlike the large and carbide studs of traditional tires. All this will allow better use of the new design bus during the transition period, i.e. change the shoes of the car in advance.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows a general view of the arrangement of the mini-studs, Fig. 2 shows the design of a studded tire with mini-studs of the bracket type, and Fig. 3 shows the construction of a studded tire with mini-studs of the stud type.

A studded tire consists of a tread 1 of a shoulder part 2, a carcass 3, side parts (tire fender) 4, a belt and a cushion layer 5, an additional insert in the shoulder area 6, bead rings 7, bead part 8, mini studs 9 inserted into the tread from the side back of the running surface. Mini studs can be staples made of steel or tungsten wire ~ Ø2 ÷ 4 mm, or nails with a rod ~ Ø2 ÷ 4 mm. Mini studs should protrude above the surface of the tread lugs to a height of 2 ÷ 4 mm. The location of the mini studs should be consistent with the tread pattern and should be located in the lugs, not in the grooves between them.

Studding the tire is implemented as follows. The tread blank is obtained from rubber compounds as a result of extrusion on a worm machine. In the process of creating a tread blank, it is stuffed with mini-studs from the side opposite to the running surface. The studs are stuffed with the same worm machine, modified by a stapler-type device. Thus, the placement of the mini-studs is coordinated with the tread pattern. After the vulcanization process, the mini-studs are firmly held by the tread rubber layer and abut against the belt layer.

The present invention is illustrated by a specific example, which, however, is not the only possible one, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the required technical result by the given set of features.

Claims (4)

1. Use as studs - mini studs made of staples or studs made of elastic steel or tungsten wire with a diameter of 2 ÷ 4 mm, the ends of which are about 1.5 ÷ 2 of the wire diameter hardened. 2. A method of studding a tire, which consists in installing anti-skid mini studs according to claim 1 in a tape tread during its manufacture from the side opposite to the tread surface, the tread produced in this way is applied to the roughened tire carcass with subsequent vulcanization. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the packing of the mini-studs is carried out with a worm machine in such a way that the placement of the studs is consistent with the tread pattern, while the mini-studs should protrude above the tread surface by an amount equal to the diameter of the mini-stud. 4. Studded tire containing a tread, a belt, sidewalls, a carcass consisting of an outer and inner groups of rubberized cord layers, bead rings, characterized in that mini-studs are driven into the tread from the side opposite to the running surface according to claim 1 along the entire rolling surface ...

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