RU2729139C1 - Fast magazine change device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: device for quick change of magazine (hereinafter DQCM) contains U-shaped housing, spring-loaded guides, locking keys for fixation and spring for removal of supply magazine. Magazine has protrusions and grooves for fixation and movement along spring-loaded guides in U-shaped case.

EFFECT: technical result is increased wear of ammunition, reduced time of magazine replacement.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates

The device for quick magazine change (hereinafter referred to as UBSM) refers to auxiliary devices for manual automatic small arms (hereinafter referred to as RASO), which has straight box magazines for placing cartridges.

UBSM refers to military equipment - small arms - RASO - assault rifles and submachine guns of the classical design with rectangular box magazines - auxiliary devices and mechanisms that facilitate and automate firing;

UBSM is used to equip RASO in order to increase the efficiency of its use by increasing the number of cartridges wearable on the RASO, ready for use, and reducing the time to replace the supply store with a spare one.

State of the art

The author has carried out a thorough search for analogues in the prior art. However, the author has not found any direct analogs of the prior art UBSM. In the course of the search, the author drew attention to close and similar inventions aimed at the technical solution of two problems:

1) an increase in the number of cartridges wearable on the RASO, ready for use;

2) reduction of the time for changing the store,

- which were put by the authors of the prior art inventions, both embodied in finished products and remaining in the form of abstract projects.

In particular, the author investigated the following technical solutions close to UBSM:

1. EMP44 submachine gun, made in Germany

http://gunsa.ru/mechta-vodoprovodchika-9-mm-pistolet-pulemet-emr44-germaniya.html;

2. Submachine gun Vesely V-42, made in Great Britain

http://zonwar.ru/pp/Vesely_V-42.html;

3. Submachine gun MR-40/1, production - Germany

https://arsenal-info.ru/b/book/1610279629/14;

4. Submachine gun UD M42, production - USA

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/UD_M42;

5. PP-2000 submachine gun (in the version with a spare magazine instead of the butt), production - RF

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/UD_M42;

6. Patent for invention SU1607543A1 - Block of shops

https://patents.google.com/patent/SU1607543A1/ru?oq=SU1607543A1;

7. Patent for invention SU1762096A1 - Sectional shop of small arms

https://patents.google.com/patent/SU1762096A1/ru?oq=SU1762096A1;

8. Patent for invention RU2155923C1 - High-capacity store

https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2155923C1/ru?oq=RU2155923C1;

9. Patent for invention RU2158890C1 - Small arms shop https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2158890C1/ru?oq=2158890;

10. Patent for invention RU2191338C2 - Automatic, oblique locking device, sight with a side viewfinder (options)

https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2191338C2/ru?oq=RU2191338;

11. Patent for invention RU2213313C2 - Feeding mechanism

https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2213313C2/ru?oq=RU2213313C2;

12. Patent for invention RU2254539C1 - Small arms with continuous firing mode (options), functional units of small arms and a method for simultaneous reduction of recoil and sound level of small arms https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2254539C1/ru?oq=2254539 ;

13. Patent for invention RU2373475C2 - The device of a self-detaching magazine of firearms

https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2373475C2/ru?oq=RU2373475C2;

14. Patent for invention RU2451892C2 - Device for feeding ammunition

https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2451892C2/en?oq=.+US+3196568+A%2c+27.07.1965;

15. Patent for invention RU2517038C1 - Automatic weapons - 3 / options /

https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2517038C1/ru;

16. Patent for invention RU2519571C1 - Automatic weapons - 4 / options /

https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2519571C1/ru?oq=RU+2254539+C1%2c+20.06.2005;

17. Patent for invention RU2553536C1 - Automatic weapon-9 (variants)

https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2553536C1/ru;

18. Patent for invention RU2576853C1 - Small arms-2

https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2576853C1/en?oq=.+US+3196568+A%2c+27.07.1965;

19. Patent for invention US20100126053A1 - Ammunition store with four stacks of ammunition

https://patents.google.com/patent/US20100126053A1/en?oq=.+US+3196568+A%2c+ 07/27/1965;

20. Patent for invention US20130047481A1 - An ammunition store with two or more supply ports

https://patents.google.com/patent/US20130047481A1/en?oq=.+US+3196568+A%2c+27.07.1965;

21. Patent for invention US3140554A - Double, tandem arrangement for magazine feeding

https://patents.google.com/patent/US3140554A/en?oq=.+US+3196568+A%2c+27.07.1965;

22. Patent for invention US3196568A - Switching device for tandem magazine feed system

https://patents.google.com/patent/US3196568A/en?oq=.+US+3196568+A%2c+27.07.1965;

23. Patent for invention US3604142A - Four-link cartridge magazine

https://patents.google.com/patent/US3604142A/en?oq=.+US+3196568+A%2c+27.07.1965;

24. Patent for invention US4428137A - Cartridge magazine

https://patents.google.com/patent/US4428137A/en?oq=US4428137A;

25. Patent for invention US8683725B2 - Receiver fixation unit for a firearm magazine

https://patents.google.com/patent/US8683725B2/en?oq=.+US+3196568+A%2c+27.07.1965.

The closest analogue of the UBSM of all the solutions of the prior art listed above is:

"AUTOMATIC WEAPON - 4 / OPTIONS / - patent No. RU 2 519 571 C1 publication date 2014.06.20 (hereinafter - Patent AO4) (source: https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2519571C1/ru?oq= RU + 2254539 + C1% 2c + 20.06.2005)

The features of the UBSM analogue in the AO4 Patent are as follows:

- both Patent AO4 and UBSM are auxiliary devices in RASO;

- both Patent AO4 and UBSM have two types of stores located on RASO: consumable and spare;

- in one of the variants of the AO4 Patent layout, and in the UBSM, the supply and spare magazines are installed on the RASO longitudinally sequentially one after the other;

- in one of the variants of the AO4 Patent layout, and in the UBSM, the magazines are fixed with latches;

- both in Patent AO4, and in one of the variants of the UBSM, the shutter delay is kinematically connected to a device that automatically removes the consumable store from the receiving window of the RASO after it is empty.

At the same time, Patent AO4 differs from UBSM in that:

- supply and spare magazines are installed in RASO longitudinally in series or cross-side and have a parallel axial orientation (in UBSM, supply and spare magazines are located in different axial orientations relative to each other);

- the spare magazine is pressed in the direction of the consumable store, both are fixed with side latches, which is not in the UBSM;

- contains a wedge / wedges or a traverse / traverse that can interact with the supply of the supply store and kinematically affect the latch of the supply store, which is not available in the UBSM;

- a different option for fixing the supply store is provided: with movable latches on which wedges are directly located, having the ability to interact with the supply of the supply store, while the spare store is compressed by one or two leaf springs, or a spring-loaded parallelogram mechanism, which is not available in the UBSM;

- as an option, it has a shutter delay in the form of a logarithmic spiral with an angle approximately equal to the angle of self-braking, which is not available in UBSM;

- as an option, it has two shutter delays, the second of which is triggered by a wedge or traverse, which is not available in the UBSM;

- it is possible to automatically install a spare store in place of a disconnected empty supply store, which is not available in UBSM;

- it is possible to install more than two stores, which is not available in UBSM;

- can be used in RASO, using "carob" magazines, for which UBSM cannot be used;

UBSM differs from Patent AO4 in that:

1. The role of the latch of the spare store is performed by spring-loaded guides, which fix and hold it in the UBSM. At the same time, they also play the role of actual guides when moving it;

2. There are no complex mechanical devices with kinematic connections that act as elements transmitting control signals and moving the spare magazine;

3. There is no automatic installation in place of a spare supply store;

4. The spare and consumable magazines have different axial orientations and are fixed on the RASO separately, are not pressed against each other and do not affect each other in any way.

In technical design, Patent AO4 and UBSM are devices of different complexity that solve the same problems:

1) An increase in the number of cartridges wearable on the RASO, ready to fire;

2) Equipping RASO with a quick magazine change system.

However, Patent AO4 can be considered an analogue of UBSM and taken as a prototype only conditionally. The author has not found other analogues of the UBSM from the prior art. UBSM is an original invention.

At the same time, the author accepts Patent AO4 for a prototype, as the idea of increasing the number of cartridges wearable on the RASO, ready for use, and as the idea of a quick change of the magazine.

In the AO4 patent, one or more spare magazines are placed in a special device in a longitudinal or transverse relation to the consumable magazine. In this case, the stores are located in space parallel to the supply store and are pressed against it. Their movement and installation in place of an empty supply store is carried out automatically by activating a mechanism built into the device, which, depending on the version of the AO4 Patent itself: longitudinal or sequential placement of stores, differs significantly in design from other versions of the AO4 Patent.

All versions of Patent AO4 in solving the problem of installing a spare magazine in place of the consumable are united by a common design idea, namely: the presence of a mechanism that ensures carrying more than one magazine with cartridges on the weapon and automatically moves the spare magazine and installs it in the place of the consumable.

The AO4 patent is technically difficult. The presence of numerous moving parts in the mechanisms both reduces the degree of reliability of the Patent AO4 in conditions of a real battle and an unfavorable environment (water, mud, sand, etc., etc.) and makes RASO heavy and cumbersome.

In the AO4 patent, the replacement of a consumable store with a spare one occurs automatically using a complex mechanism to influence the movable store.

In UBSM, the magazine is changed manually or semi-automatically. At the same time, the speed of changing the magazine in UBSM is minimal, but UBSM is much simpler than Patent AO4.

The complex and archaic design of the AO4 Patent:

- significantly burdens RASO, makes it cumbersome and inconvenient;

- is subject to rapid wear and destruction due to the influence of adverse environmental factors, in which RASO is usually applied. The technical elements and kinematic diagrams of the AO4 Patent are critical to pollution, shock, unpredictable overloads, and therefore are not reliable;

- increases the likelihood of RASO failure in a real battle, since it excludes the possibility of an alternative in the form of a traditional (manual) replacement of a used supply magazine with a spare one. Breakage of any part of the AO4 Patent will disable all applicable RASO;

- is not applicable for the modernization of existing samples of RASO, since it requires a significant restructuring of their design.

Technical solution for a quick change of the store, offered in UBSM:

1. Slightly in weight;

2. Has a simple device, and therefore more reliable in combat work;

3. Even in the event of a breakdown, it does not interfere with changing the store in the traditional way (manually);

4. Does not require significant changes in the design of existing samples of RASO during installation;

5. Cheaper than the prototype in terms of production cost with no less effective combat use.

Problems to be solved by the invention:

1. The main goal of the UBSM invention is to create for RASO a simple and reliable device for attaching a spare magazine and quickly replacing a consumable store when it is empty with a spare one, which increases the duration of continuous fire:

1.1. UBSM increases the number of cartridges wearable on RASO, ready for use;

1.2. UBSM accelerates and “automates” the recharge of RASO, reduces it to a minimum;

1.3. UBSM in conjunction with a quick change of store means solving the problem of increasing the duration of continuous fire impact on the enemy

2. UBSM introduces a qualitative change in the psychological state of the shooter using RASO, increases his confidence, relieves the syndrome of the "last bullet", allows not to distract attention from the battlefield even when changing the store.

Disclosure of invention

The essence of UBSM is to create an additional component of RASO, which contributes to:

1. An increase in the number of cartridges wearable on the RASO, ready for use;

2. Acceleration of store change;

3. Reducing the interruption in firing.

RASO of the classical design contains a receiver with a barrel, a fire control handle located behind the receiving window for a magazine facing downward, a bolt carrier with a return spring, a bolt, a firing mechanism, a magazine latch button, a slide delay kinematically connected to the magazine feeder and a latch key.

The new one is the UBSM, located in the lower part of the receiver and in the receiving window with a continuation forward along the RASO forend, in which there are two straight box magazines: a consumable and a spare.

UBSM works as follows.

After emptying the supply store when firing, the shutter rises to the slide delay. In the first version of the UBSM, the shooter, with the thumb or forefinger of the hand holding the weapon by the fire control handle, presses the latch key. The latch key lever releases the empty supply magazine from the hold. The spring for removing the consumable store pushes the empty consumable store out of the receiving window of the RASO (see Fig. 2). At the same time, the shooter with his other hand, holding the PASO for the spare magazine instead of the forend, makes a movement towards himself in an arc (see Fig. 2), sets the spare magazine in place of the consumable one (see Fig. 3), where it is fixed by the spring-loaded lever of the key- latch, abutting against the ledge on the store. Through the kinematic connection, the magazine body acts on the slide delay. The bolt lag releases the bolt, which moves forward under the action of the bolt spring, grabs the upper cartridge of the new consumable magazine and sends it to the chamber. RASO is re-charged and ready to fire. The shooter has the ability to continue firing immediately by pressing the trigger, and at a convenient moment to install a new spare magazine in the space vacated in the UBSM (see Fig. 4). When installing, the spare magazine is fixed and held between the two side shaped UBSM plates due to the groove protrusion located on the magazine, into the reciprocal grooves of which spring-loaded guides enter, acting as a spring latch. The UBSM cycle is thus returned to its original state (see Fig. 1).

In the second version of the UBSM, the shutter delay, kinematically connected with the latch key, activates it instead of pressing it with the arrow, after which all subsequent actions described above are repeated.

The purposes of using the device are:

1. Increasing the number of cartridges wearable on the RASO, ready for use, by placing a spare magazine on the RASO;

2. In a quick change of store.

UBSM is an additional device, simple in technical design and reliable in use, placed on the RASO, using straight box-type magazines, which allows:

1. Compactly, quickly and conveniently place a spare magazine on the RASO, fixing it under the forend parallel to the axis of the RASO barrel, and keep it there until the magazine is changed, which increases the wearable stock of cartridges ready for battle, thereby improving the performance characteristics of the RASO;

2. Make a fast and trouble-free magazine change.

3. Do not distract the shooter on the process of changing the store in a battle.

The essential features of UBSM are:

1. The presence of spring-loaded guides, the design of which allows them to perform two roles:

1.1. a spring latch that fixes and holds the spare magazine by the groove;

1.2. the actual guides, along which the spare store is sent to the receiving window of the RASO;

2. The presence of a special protrusion with grooves on the RASO store, with the help of which the store is attached to the spring-loaded guides, and also moves along them into the RASO receiving window;

3. The presence of a special leaf spring to remove the consumable store;

4. The presence of a latch key for fixing the consumable store in the receiving window of RASO;

5. Fastening the spare store along the longitudinal axis of the RASO, in front of the supply store in the same plane with it.

The technical result of using the UBSM on RASO is characterized by the following:

1.The spare magazine installed in the UBSM is reliably held on the RASO during the entire time of use until it replaces the supply magazine;

2. the consumable store is forcibly removed from the receiving window of the RASO only after the arrow has pressed the latch key or as a result of the action of the slide delay kinematically connected to it due to the actuation of the spring to remove the consumable store;

3. The spare magazine is quickly installed in the place of the consumable after the consumable magazine is removed from the receiving window of the RASO.

Brief Description of Drawings

Figure 1. Automatic machine with a device for quick change of the magazine in the equipped consumable and spare magazine, ready to fire.

The figure shows a general view of the RASO with the UBSM, which gives a general idea of the UBSM, its device, the location and position of the supply and spare stores in it.

Figure 2. Diagram of the device for quick change of stores.

The figure shows a diagram of the main operation for which the UBSM is intended, which gives a visual representation of the process of replacing a supply store with a spare one.

Figure 3. Automatic machine after installing a spare magazine in place of the consumable from the device for quick magazine changers.

The figure shows the end of the process of changing magazines, when the supply magazine is removed, and the spare is installed in its place. It can be seen that the spare magazine has become a consumable one, and a new spare magazine can be inserted into the UBSM.

Figure 4. Installing a "new" spare magazine in the quick magazine changer.

The figure shows the final stage of UBSM preparation for further use, which can be performed at any time convenient for the shooter. After completing the operation depicted in this figure, the UBSM returns to its original position shown in figure 1.

The sequence of figures in Figures 1 ÷ 4 displays the full cycle of the UBSM operation.

Implementation of the invention

The UBSM is carried out by installing a traditional layout on the RASO (the fire control handle is behind the receiving window of the store located in the lower part of the receiver), using a straight-shaped box magazine.

UBSM (see Fig. 1) consists of:

1. Grounds;

2. Two side shaped plates, forming a U-shaped box with the base, the distance between which is equal to the width of the store, and the jumper connecting them, adjacent to the front of the trigger guard and the latch key;

3. Spring-loaded guides, performing both the role of a latch fixing and holding the spare magazine, and the role of guides along which the spare magazine moves to the receiving window of RASO when replacing it with a consumable store;

4. A protrusion with grooves located on the store for fastening, holding and moving the store along the spring-loaded guides when replacing the consumable store;

5. Springs to remove the consumable store;

6. Latch keys for fixing the consumable store in the receiving window of RASO;

7. As a variant of UBSM - kinematic connection of the shutter delay with the latch key.

The current UBSM layout was made by the author and showed the effectiveness of its use, which is confirmed by an advertising video posted on the Internet, demonstrating the capabilities and principle of UBSM operation. The video shows the implementation of all the technical tasks assigned to the invention:

1. Installation, fixation and retention of a spare magazine on the RASO;

2. Fast change of store.

The technical and economic efficiency of UBSM is:

1.in improving the performance characteristics of RASO after installing the UBSM on it due to:

1.1. increasing the number of cartridges wearable on the RASO ready for use;

1.2. reducing the time to change the store;

2. in the insignificant cost of changing the design of the RASO when using the UBSM.

Another efficiency of UBSM application is to increase:

1. the quality and efficiency of the RASO application in comparison with the RASO without UBSM;

2. the quality of the combat use of units armed with a RASO equipped with an UBSM;

3. the prestige of RASO due to the improvement of its performance characteristics in comparison with traditional models not equipped with UBSM;

4. the shooter's confidence during the battle in himself, his capabilities, in RASO due to:

4.1 increasing the number of cartridges wearable on the RASO, ready for use;

4.2. reducing the time to change the store.

Claims (3)

1. Device for quick magazine change (hereinafter referred to as UBSM) for installing and moving a spare magazine located under the fore-end or in the fore-end of manual automatic small arms of the classical design scheme (hereinafter referred to as RASO) in the same plane with the consumable magazine and the longitudinal axis RASO, along spring-loaded guides with engagement with a ledge with grooves of a spare store for quick change of a consumable store after it is empty, consisting of a base and two side shaped plates connected in a U-shaped box with a distance between the side shaped plates equal to the width of the store, fastened with the end side by a jumper, spring-loaded guides located between the side shaped plates along the longitudinal axis of the RASO with the ability to hold, fix and move in the U-shaped box of the spare store when changing the supply magazine in the receiving window of the RASO, the supply magazine removal spring, the supply hold latch key store at a removable window RASO, a shutter delay RASO, kinematically connected with the feed of the consumable store - to stop the shutter RASO in the open position after emptying the consumable store, with the housing of the spare store when it is installed in place of the consumable store during a magazine change to release the shutter from being held by the shutter delay for bringing RASO into a charged state. 2. UBSM according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter delay is connected kinematically with the latch key for automatic removal of the consumable store after it is empty. 3. UBSM according to claim 1, characterized in that the UBSM can be made as a separate module installed on the RASO as an option.

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