RU2726392C1 - Set of gun with knife-bayonet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: set of gun with knife-bayonet contains gun (1) with handle (2) and shaft (3) in it for detachable box-type magazine (4), as well as a knife-bayonet in piercing-cutting blade (5) with handle (6) detachably built into gun (1) handle (2), when blade (5) is oriented in the combat downward position gun (1) handle (2). Knife-bayonet handle (6) is located sideways (either on the right or on the left) of shaft (3) in parallel to it within gun (1) handle (2) thickness.

EFFECT: improved tactical and technical characteristics of set.

7 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a combined weapon, in particular to kits comprising a structurally combined pistol and a bayonet-knife with the ability to use each component with one hand alternately.

Such kits are usually referred to as "disguised", then to "special and exotic" weapons, intended mainly for special forces of security forces [1. Ardashev A.N. Special, unusual, exotic weapons: an illustrated guide. / A.N. Ardashev, SL. Fedoseev. - M .: LLC "Astrel Publishing House": LLC "Publishing House AST", 2001. - 320 p. ]; [2. Ardashev A.N., Fedoseev SL. Special forces weapons. M .: Yauza, Eksmo, 2008. - 608 p.].

This weapon "niche" continues to develop [3. Semenov A.G. Bayonet in Combined Weapons: Monograph. - LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. Saar-brucken - Berlin - Leipzig, Deutschland. 05/08/2013. ISBN 978-3-659-36165-4]; [4. Semenov A.G. In the development of the principle of universality of hand-held weapons: a weapon kit // Inventors and innovation policy of Russia: materials of the All-Russian Forum. / Ed. SOUTH. Popov and A.G. Semenov. - SPb .: Publishing house of Polytech, un-that, 2011 - 374 p. - S. 294-298]; [five. In development of the principle of versatility of hand weapons: the use of a magazine for small arms as a handle. // Inventors and Innovation Policy of Russia: Materials of the All-Russian Forum / Ed. SOUTH. Popov and A.G. Semenov. - SPb .: Publishing house of Polytech, un-that, 2011 - 374 p. -FROM. 298-304]; [6. Semenov A.G. In development of the principle of universality of hand weapons: a solution to the problem of a replaceable magazine for a pistol. // Inventors and Innovation Policy of Russia: Materials of the All-Russian Forum. / Ed. SOUTH. Popov and A.G. Semenov. - SPb .: Publishing house of Polytechnic University, 2011 - 374 p. - P. 290 - 293].

The weapon kit, regardless of its design features, automatically includes, of course, ammunition for small arms (cartridges), and self-loading kits with detachable box-type magazines also include combat and spare magazines.

Known set of a revolver with a bayonet-knife (D.D. (E.) 3313 "Royal Small Armaz" ("Commando revolver")), containing a handle / handle and a piercing-cutting blade, two-position fixed on the revolver below the barrel [1. S. 278, 282-283].

In it, the handle of the revolver and the handle of the bayonet-knife are structurally combined in the form of a knuckle-duster rotatable by 90 ° below and behind the drum-type magazine, and the blade is hingedly mounted in the lower front part of the receiver with the possibility of turning 180 ° into one of two horizontal fixed positions - orientation forward in combat and backward in folded, while the blade in both positions is bare.

However, with this:

- the constant bareness of the blade (and in the inoperative position) is clearly not welcome;

- the placement of the blade in the front of the receiver (body) of the pistol, from the point of view of bayonet fighting, does not have such a positive value as in relation to bayonets of long-barreled weapons, but at the same time, unfortunately, it is irrational from the standpoint of balancing (weight distribution) of the weapon set held with one hand, which means that it negatively affects the accuracy of shooting;

- the location of the blade folded back into the combat (working) position directly under the initial section of the external ballistics of the bullet generates asymmetric turbulence of air and powder gases behind the barrel cut, which is also contraindicated in ensuring firing accuracy;

- such an arrangement of the kit, being classic for long-barreled weapons, when applied to short-barreled weapons (which include pistols) is less ergonomic (unnatural for the hand, with an eccentric force of reaction) in bayonet combat.

The same system, but without the brass knuckles function, is represented by the product "pistol - folding bayonet-knife" Liberty [7. URL: http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/ayuketken/view/ 680402 /? Page = 0 # preview].

Sometimes the kit included a replaceable handle for modular assembly of the dagger (See ibid or [3. Fig. 1.21]).

Here you can also add other sets with approximately the same set of design features: "Leforche" [3. Fig. 1.26], Harrington-Richardson (H.R.), "Otometik" [3. Fig. 1.27, 1.28], etc.

Accordingly, they retain the same drawbacks (apart from the positive role of the mentioned combination of the handle with the handle and brass knuckles in the Liberty system). And in the last example, there is also an increased deflection of the bullet from the axis of the barrel due to the location of the base of the bayonet near the muzzle (when the blade is oriented forward, in the direction of the bullet's flight).

True, the last harmful phenomenon is eliminated, for example, by constructive and functional partial (on a part of the length) alignment of the barrel of the revolver and the blade of the bayonet-knife [8], [3. Fig. 1.22].

A closer analogue is a set of self-loading pistol with a rectangular handle with a shaft for a detachable box magazine and a multi-blade universal knife with a handle attached to the butt plate of the pistol body at an acute angle to the handle directly behind it (Herzel project, 1982, Germany) [1, from. 242], [3. Fig. 1.14]. Its disadvantages:

- the cumbersomeness of the "separate" layout and the multiple blades, which are unnecessary for a bayonet-knife, make such a set more "tourist" than combat;

- placing such a bulky knife separately from the pistol grip makes the grip of the kit very inconvenient (also non-ergonomic) when firing.

Another close analogue is a set of a pistol with a bayonet-knife (Tashenmesser, Germany since 1945), containing a pistol with a handle, which is a folding (folding forward-upward turning) bayonet-knife with a downward blade orientation in a fixed combat (working) position, in continuation of the handle / handle, or up, in a fixed folded (non-working) position, mostly within the volume of the handle / handle [1. S.238-239], [3. Fig. 1.13]. Its disadvantages:

- the device in this form is not suitable for modern self-loading pistols with detachable and even integral magazines, placed in the handle cavity, since such a bayonet-knife handle completely replaces the volume of the pistol handle (combining the functions of the latter);

- turning the blade (when folding the bayonet-knife) with the cutting edge on the little finger and subsequent fingers of the user's hand is not the best option from the point of view of operational safety even in extreme operating conditions.

Military weapon systems consisting of "small arms + bayonet-knife" described in the following patent sources of information can also be classified as close analogues of the claimed invention.

So, a set of a pistol with a bayonet-knife is known, containing a pistol with a handle made with cheeks and a shaft in it for a detachable box magazine, as well as a piercing-cutting blade with a handle removably built into the pistol handle, while the blade (blade) is in its combat position is oriented (en) downward in continuation of the pistol grip [9. RU 2408831 C2. Applying the magazine to small arms as a handle. / Semenov A.G. 10.01.2011, Bul. No. 1, 2011]; [4. S. 298-304]; [3. S. 72-76, fig. 3.8 D].

In it, the blade is presented in the form of one of the modules of a set of "tools" (knife, spoon, fork, etc.), with the possibility of operative connection with the bottom of the box-shaped cartridge magazine, while the latter performs an additional function of the handle of a bayonet-knife or other mentioned tool and , accordingly, can be ideally inserted, with automatic locking, into the pistol grip shaft.

However, in this kit:

- the relationship between the handle-magazine and the blade (blade) is relatively small, which limits the possibilities of bayonet combat;

- replacement of a spent magazine with a replaceable one, if there is a further need for a blade, requires rearrangement, which takes a shortage of time;

- with the temporary cessation of the need for the "working" state of the bayonet-knife, the "protruding" bare blade poses a danger to the user and those around him.

Since the author's proposal declared here will require, as the basic product-components (in the order of the possibility of industrial production), well-known, preferably serial, pistol firstly and a knife secondly, as such, the Thunder 380 cc BERSA S.A. pistol is recommended, respectively. RAMOS MEDJIA ARGENTINA. INDUSTRIA ARGENTINA (Argentina) [10. URL:

https://grabcad.com/library/bersa-thunder-380-cc-pistol-2011-1] or the domestic TT pistol, and the INFIDEL frontal-folding knife with one-sided blade sharpening [11. URL: https: // www. youtube.com/watch?v=wZszjV-llgg; 12. URL: https://grabcad.com/library/kombat-knife-1].

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed device in terms of purpose and set of essential features is a set of a pistol with a bayonet-knife, containing a pistol with a handle made with cheeks, and a shaft in it for a detachable box magazine, as well as a bayonet-knife with a piercing-cutting blade and the handle, removably built into the pistol handle, with the blade orientation, in its combat position, downward in continuation of the pistol handle [13. RU 2420702 C2. Weapon set / Semenov A.G. 06/10/2011, Bul. No. 16] (see also [4. P. 294-298] and [3. P. 66-72, Fig. 3.5 B]).

In it, the handle of the bayonet-knife in shape, size and the counterpart of the retainer repeats the box magazine, with the possibility of detachable auto-fixed installation of the bayonet-knife with the handle in an empty shaft (in order to replace the standard magazine, so that the blade remains outside the handle.

As an option, the bayonet-knife handle is made with a cavity that repeats the shape, dimensions and composition of the inside of the magazine, with the possibility of combining the functions of the handle and the magazine.

However, for all its positive qualities, the prototype device also has some, and removable, disadvantages.

So, firstly (and this repeats fragments of criticism of the previous close analogue), replacing a spent magazine with a loaded one, if there is a further need for a blade, requires rearrangement, which takes a shortage of time.

Secondly (again with repetition), with the temporary cessation of the need for the "working" state of the bayonet-knife, the "protruding" bare blade poses a danger to the user and those around him.

Thirdly, while maintaining the standard size of cartridges and at the same time maintaining the geometric characteristics of the nest of a serial pistol, the handle may turn out to be too thin-walled and ergonomically imperfect (which is essential when manually manipulating the bayonet knife in knife mode).

Fourth, from the standpoint of manufacturability, the manufacture of such a bayonet-knife handle increases the cost of the kit.

All this separately, and even more so in the aggregate, causes insufficiently high tactical and technical characteristics (TTX) of the prototype.

The problem (task) to be solved by the claimed invention is to create a weapon kit device with improved performance characteristics.

The solution to the indicated problem (task) is achieved by the fact that in a set of a pistol with a bayonet-knife, containing a pistol handle with a shaft for a detachable box magazine, as well as a piercing-cutting blade with a handle removably built into the pistol handle, while the blade is oriented in the combat position down in continuation of the pistol grip, according to the claimed invention, the bayonet-knife handle is located on the side of the shaft parallel to it within the pistol grip thickness.

The problem (task) is also solved due to additional sets of essential features of the claimed device (while maintaining the main set of features that make up the content of the previous paragraph):

- the bayonet-knife blade can be made with a double-sided sharpening and linearly ejected on a spring and a movable retainer, with the possibility of a linear return to the recessed in the pistol grip, a fixed non-combat position (this is compact, operative and unexpected for the enemy during the transition to the bayonet phase of the battle );

- as an example, an alternative to the previous one, the bayonet-knife blade can be made with a one-sided sharpening and folding on a spring and a push-button lock, with the possibility of folding back and up into a recessed in the pistol handle, a fixed non-combat position, but in the rear wall of the pistol handle is made through longitudinal vertical gap or cut under the blade of a bayonet-knife (folding back makes the use of the set, in comparison with the prototype, safer for the user's hand, and folding by turning, in comparison with the retractable linear (front-folding) motion of the blade, more reliable and safe for the rest of the body and surrounding "friends");

- the handle of the bayonet-knife can be located to the left of the shaft (this can be convenient for right-handers and other users with the right "leading" hand and other individual characteristics);

- the handle of the bayonet-knife can be located to the right of the shaft (this can be convenient for left-handers and other users with the right "leading" hand and other individual characteristics);

- the bayonet-knife handle can be structurally combined with the nearest grip cheek made with cheeks (this makes it possible to reduce by 2-3 mm the inevitable thickening of the pistol grip during the proposed modernization);

- with the previous set of features, the handle of the bayonet-knife can be made unilateral, while its plane is displaced parallel to the plane of the blade by at least the amount of its thickness, within the contours of the pistol handle (this allows, in addition to the previous one, to reduce by 3-5 mm inevitable thickening of the pistol grip during the proposed modernization).

Among the known devices are not found those, the set of essential features of which would coincide with the declared one. At the same time, it is due to the latter that a new technical result is achieved in accordance with the task at hand (the presence of a causal relationship between the distinctive features of the device and the tactical and technical result of its intended use). There are two criteria for the concept of "invention": the world level of novelty and inventive step. The presence of the last third criterion (industrial applicability) follows not only from the given basic products [10] and [11, 12], but also from the obvious for specialists the absence of any obstacles of a production and technological nature on the way of manufacturing both a prototype and the final products (all parts and assemblies according to the methods of their manufacture correspond to the fifth-sixth technological modes).

The drawings (Fig. 1-9) show possible examples of the constructive implementation of the claimed weapon set:

in fig. 1 shows a 3D image of a computer model of a weapon complex with a retractable (linear-retractable, frontal-fold-out) bayonet-knife in the retracted (folded) position of the bayonet-knife blade, side view (left) - front;

in fig. 2 - the same, in the working (combat) position of the bayonet-knife blade;

in fig. 3 - 3D-image of a computer model of a weapon complex with a retractable bayonet-knife in the retracted (folded) position of the bayonet-knife blade, rear view;

in fig. 4 - the same, with the cheek removed from the side of the bayonet-knife;

in fig. 5 - 3D image of the retractable bayonet-knife structure;

in fig. 6 - the same, top view, where b is the width of the slot for the blade retainer (blade) of the bayonet-knife;

in fig. 7 shows a 3D image of a computer model of a weapon complex with a folding (folding turn) bayonet-knife in a working (combat), that is, an open position, side view (left) - from behind;

in fig. 8 - the same, in the detachable position of the bayonet-knife, side view (left) - in front;

in fig. 9 - 3D-image of a computer model of a weapon complex with a folding (folding turn) bayonet-knife in a working (combat) position, rear view;

A set of a pistol with a bayonet-knife contains a pistol 1 with a handle 2 and a shaft 3 in it for a detachable box magazine 4. The bayonet-knife includes a piercing-cutting blade (blade) 5 with a handle 6, removably built into the handle 2 of pistol 1. When In this case, the blade 5 in the firing position is oriented downward - in continuation of the handle 2 of pistol 1 (as shown in Fig. 1-4).

The handle 6 of the bayonet-knife is located on the side - either to the left (in the examples given) or to the right (not shown) - depending on specific considerations, for example, adaptation "for right-handed or left-handed") of the shaft 3 parallel to it within the thickness of the handle 2 of pistol 1.

The blade (blade) 5 of the bayonet-knife can be made (s) with double-sided sharpening (see Fig. 2, 5, 6) and linearly ejected on a spring 7, with a sliding lock 8, in the guide groove 9, with the possibility of linear return in a recessed in the handle 2 of the pistol 1, a fixed non-combat position (see Fig. 1-4). In this case, the latch 8 is made of plastic and, due to its pliability, is inserted into the groove 9 to form a device for extending the bayonet-knife (see Fig. 5).

Alternatively, the blade 5 of the bayonet-knife can be made with one-sided sharpening and folding on the spring 10 and the push-button latch 11, with the possibility of folding back-up into a fixed non-combat position recessed in the handle 2 of the pistol 1. In the rear wall of the handle 2 of the pistol 1 a gap is provided (or a through longitudinal vertical cut is made) 12 for the blade 5 of the bayonet-knife (see Fig. 7, 9).

The handle 6 of the bayonet-knife can be structurally aligned with the closest (in the given example, the left) cheek 13 of the handle 2, made with cheeks 13, 14. In this case, the handle 6 can be made one-sided, and its plane (longitudinal vertical) is displaced parallel to the plane ( longitudinal vertical) of the blade 5 at least by the value of its thickness, within the contours of the handle 2 of pistol 1.

The claimed device operates (it is used) as follows.

Shooting from pistol 1 is carried out in the usual way, mainly with a folded bayonet-knife ("recessed" in handle 2 of blade 3) - if the probability of its use is low. However, shooting is also allowed with a bare blade 3 (no blocking is provided in the design, although it can be entered "on request" (tuning).

The pistol is reloaded in the usual way, but with increased caution in the case of a bare blade 5, by removing the spent magazine 4 and replacing it with a loaded one, for example, a spare one.

In the claimed invention, of interest is the use of a bayonet-knife 2 of a new design in the specified operating conditions.

If the probability of using a bayonet-knife is high, the latter is transferred from the folded to the unfolded working (combat) position (in compliance with the safety measures of use):

1) in the device of FIG. 1-6, without performing the manual actions described in the previous scenario (i.e. keeping the grip of the handle 2 with the hand), move down (with a finger of the same hand) the retainer 11, which initiates the blade (blade) 3 unlocking and its sharp linear ( frontal) "ejection" in the space under the handle 2, with a stop and automatic fixation, with a downward orientation - in continuation of the handle 2, in the working (combat) position (see Fig. 2).

2) in the device of FIG. 7-9 - shifting the set into the second hand with a grip not by the handle 2 or by gripping with the same hand, and pressing the button lock 8, initiating the blade 5 unlocking, its exit from the handle 6 through the gap (cut) 12 and a sharp turn ("ejection" ) clockwise in the space behind the rear wall of the handle 2, under the action of the spring 10, with a stop and automatic fixation in the rotated 180 °, with a downward orientation - in continuation of the handle 2, in the firing position (see Fig. 6);

The user becomes ready for bayonet combat with a pistol grip with the hand for the handle 2, and, at the same time (due to the constructive and functional alignment of the handle 2 with the handle 6), remains ready to fire.

After that, they conduct bayonet or complex combat with firearms and melee weapons alternately or practically simultaneously.

The use of the bayonet-knife (5, 6) in the "knife" mode is carried out either in an inconvenient way, without separating the bayonet-knife from the handle 2, or in the usual way, having previously dismantled the set.

Despite the built-in handle 6 of the bayonet-knife into the handle 2, its dismantling (separation), requiring (her) tool (screwdriver), for the purpose of temporary autonomous use or separate storage, is not very difficult and short-lived.

The use of the invention allows you to obtain the following technical result (in accordance with the designated problem and the task):

firstly, replacing a spent magazine with a loaded one in the presence and further need for a blade (blade) does not require rearranging the bayonet-knife, which saves scarce time;

secondly, when the need for the "working" state of the bayonet-knife is temporarily stopped, the blade (blade) can be quickly recessed (s) into the handle and will not pose a danger to the user and those around him;

thirdly, while maintaining the standard size of cartridges and at the same time maintaining the geometric characteristics of the nest of a serial pistol, the handle can be relatively "painless" made rather thick-walled and more ergonomic (which is important when manually manipulating the bayonet in the knife mode);

fourthly, the design is more technologically advanced.

Thus, the use of the invention improves the performance characteristics of the weapon set.

Claims (7)

1. A set of pistol with a bayonet-knife, containing a pistol with a handle and a shaft in it for a detachable box magazine, as well as a bayonet-knife as part of a piercing-cutting blade with a handle detachably built into the pistol handle, when the blade is oriented in the combat position downward in continuation of the pistol handle, characterized in that the bayonet-knife handle is located on the side of the shaft parallel to it within the thickness of the pistol handle. 2. The set according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade of the bayonet-knife is made with a double-sided sharpening and retractable on a spring and a sliding lock, with the possibility of linear return to a fixed non-combat position recessed in the pistol handle. 3. The set according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade of the bayonet-knife is made with one-sided sharpening and folding on a spring and a push-button lock, with the possibility of folding back and up into a recessed position in the pistol handle, not a fixed combat position, but in the rear wall of the handle the pistol has a through longitudinal vertical gap or a cut under the bayonet blade. 4. A set according to claim 1, characterized in that the handle of the bayonet-knife is located to the left of the shaft. 5. A set according to claim 1, characterized in that the handle of the bayonet-knife is located to the right of the shaft. 6. The set according to claim 1, characterized in that the handle of the bayonet-knife is structurally aligned with the nearest cheek of the handle when it is made with the cheeks. 7. The set according to claim 6, characterized in that the handle of the bayonet-knife is made unilateral, while its plane is displaced parallel to the plane of the blade by at least the amount of its thickness, within the contours of the pistol handle.

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