RU2721479C1 - Signaling method for fire situation on an object - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety systems.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fire safety systems and can be used, in particular, in shipbuilding. In the proposed signaling method for fire situation on an object, fire detectors (FD) installed on the object are divided into groups, address signals from the FD of each group are processed and a fire situation signal is generated on the area of the object corresponding to the given FD group, to each such fire situation signal on the area of the object, signals on the fire situation on the sections of the object, which correspond to all other FD groups, are added, the information is processed and several signals on the fire situation of the whole object are generated.EFFECT: high reliability and survivability of a fire safety alarm system.4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The proposed method relates to fire alarm systems at the facility and can be used, in particular, in shipbuilding.

There is a known method of signaling a fire situation, implemented in the ship’s fire detection device according to patent No. 2661759, according to which a control device based on a microprocessor performs a sequential check of the integrity of the beams and the state of fire detectors (PI), analyzes the received information and, if the PI is triggered, identifies the room , in which the parameter controlled by the PI has been exceeded, the received information is displayed on the alarm panel.

The disadvantage of this method is low reliability, since it involves the processing of information from the PI by one control device, the failure of which makes it impossible to control and signal the fire situation on the ship. In this case, in case of damage in the loop, all PIs entering the beam are turned off and fall out of the control process.

Closest to the proposed method is a fire alarm system, implemented in the patent for utility model No. 26430 “Fire safety system” dated 02.10.2002, according to which fire detectors (PI) installed at the facility are divided into groups, address signals from PIs of each group separately the loop is passed to the group device (GP) corresponding to this group of PIs, where it receives targeted information from PIs included in the loop, processes the information and generates a signal about the fire situation at the site and, on which the PIs of the corresponding group are installed, signals about the fire situation in the site are transmitted from the group devices to the central device (CPU), where they form a signal about the integrity of the communication lines and the fire situation at the site as a whole.

This method provides a fire alarm at the facility with a central device by transmitting information about the state of the UI from group devices. The disadvantage is the low reliability of the method, since in the event of a CPU failure, the use of a fire safety system that implements the specified method will lead to the inability to provide an alarm about the fire situation at the facility.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the method of signaling a fire situation at the facility.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of signaling a fire situation at the facility, according to which fire detectors installed at the facility are divided into groups, the generated address signals from the PIs of each group are processed and a signal is generated about the fire situation at the site of the facility corresponding to this PI group in addition to each such a signal about the fire situation at the site of the object is added signals about the fire situation at the site of the object corresponding to all other groups of UI, process information and form several signals about the fire situation of the entire facility as a whole.

The following operations are performed:

fire detectors installed at the facility are divided into groups;

address signals from the PIs of each group are transferred via a separate loop to the group device corresponding to this group of PIs, where they receive information from PIs included in the loops, process information and generate a signal about the fire situation on the site of the facility on which the PIs of the corresponding group are installed;

group devices exchange among themselves signals about the fire situation in the areas of the facility where the corresponding PIs are installed;

Based on the received signals, a fire alarm is generated in each of the gas stations throughout the facility

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the proposed method do not transmit signals about the fire situation in the areas of the object from the GP to the CPU, and the GP exchange it with each other. At the same time, each of the group devices displays the results of the fire situation control not only on its site, but on the entire territory of the protected object, that is, in aggregate they generate several identical signals about the fire situation of the entire object as a whole, spaced apart geographically, which in practical implementation significantly increases survivability and reliability of the fire control system of the facility.

In the case of using the proposed method, the failure of one or more group devices will not lead to the impossibility of monitoring the fire situation of the entire facility, but only its part controlled by the corresponding PI. Moreover, if PI groups are organized in such a way that PIs from different groups are installed on the most critical and most fire hazardous sections of the facility (or even on all sections of the facility), then to stop the possibility of monitoring the fire situation at this section of the facility, several or even all group devices at the same time. The likelihood of such an event is extremely small.

A comparison of the proposed method and the prototype showed that the task is to increase the reliability of monitoring the fire situation of the object is solved as a result of a new set of features, which proves the conformity of the proposed invention with the patentability criterion of "novelty".

In turn, the information search in the field of fire control did not reveal solutions containing individual distinctive features of the claimed invention, which allows us to conclude that the method meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The essence of this method is illustrated by the drawing, where in FIG. presents a functional diagram of a device for monitoring the fire situation of an object that implements the proposed method. The fire control device (Fig.) Contains the PI of the first group 1.1.1, 1.1.2 ... 1.1.m, the PI of the second group 1.2.1, 1.2.2 ... 1.2.r, ... the PI of the n-th group 1.n.1 , 1.n.2, ... 1.ns, where m, r, ... s are the number of PIs in the first, second, and nth groups, respectively; group devices 2.1, 2.2, ... 2.n; moreover, the PI outputs of each group are connected to the corresponding inputs of the group devices whose numbers correspond to the number of the PI group (the PI outputs of the first group 1.1.1, 1.1.2 ... 1.1.m are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first group device 2.1, the PI outputs of the second group 1.2.1 , 1.2.2 ... 1.2.r are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second group device 2.2, ... the PI outputs of the nth group 1.n.1, 1.n.2, ... 1.ns are connected to the corresponding inputs of the nth group device 2 .n), group devices 2.1, 2.2, ... 2.n are interconnected by means of an address line of communication, which can t be circular or radial in FIG. represented by a ring address line of communication.

Fire detector (PI) is a well-known functional unit designed to detect fire factors and (or) generate a fire signal. PI can be threshold or analog - it does not matter for the implementation of the proposed method.

A group device is a well-known functional unit, for which you can use the fire alarm control panel (PPKP), which according to GOST R 53325 - 2009 “Fire fighting equipment. Technical means of fire automatics. General technical requirements. Test methods "p. 3.49 is defined as" ... Technical equipment intended for receiving and displaying signals from fire detectors and other devices interacting with the control panel, monitoring the integrity and functioning of communication lines between the control panel and the control panel or other devices ... ". As a group device of a device that implements the proposed method, can be any control panel made on the basis of a microprocessor and having an interface for communication with other group devices, for example, a group device used in the prototype. To increase the survivability of the system, each GP can be equipped with an uninterruptible power supply unit.

The fire control device (Fig.) Operates as follows. The PIs of each group control the environmental parameters (temperature, smoke, etc.) and transmit the received information to the corresponding group device, which controls the integrity of the communication lines between the PIs, between the PIs and the corresponding GP, and processes the received information, generates a signal about the fire situation on the site the facility on which the PIs of the corresponding group are located, monitors the integrity of the communication lines between the GPs and transmits the received information to the rest of the group devices, receives signals about the fire situation Add or integrity of the communication lines from the rest of the group of devices, processes the information and generates a signal of the fire situation and the state of communication lines in the facility, displays the received information, for example on the integrated display.

Suppose that as a result of a man-made accident, there was a violation of the integrity of the circuit between the first and second group devices, and a fire occurred on the site of the object controlled by the i-th PI of the nth group. In this case, the i-th PI of the nth group will work, information about this will go to the i-th input of the nth group device 2.n, which will generate a signal “Fire in the territory controlled by the ith PI” and transmit it through the address the line to the first group device 2.1, from which the signal “Fire in the territory controlled by the i-th PI” should have been sent to the second group device 2.2, but since communication with it has been broken, information about the broken line and the location of the fire will go through the address line to 2.n-1 group device, and from it - to 2.n-2 and so on up to 2.2. that is, to all group devices. Moreover, each group device 2.1, 2.2, ... 2.n displays on the built-in display information about the place of fire and the place of damage to the communication line with the simultaneous supply of an audio signal, providing control of the fire situation at the facility.

An example implementation of the method.

Suppose that it is necessary to control the fire situation on a small ship carrying flammable goods. Suppose that the ship has 20 residential and office space, three corridors, an engine room (MO) and a cargo hold. Let the device that implements the proposed method contains three group devices (n = 3) and 64 fire detectors. Group devices are located in places of constant watch: the first group device 2.1 is in the wheelhouse, above the level of decks; the second group device 2.2 - in the cabin on duty, on the main deck; the third group device 2.3 - in the central control post (CPU) of the Moscow Region, below the level of decks. Suppose that PIs are divided into three groups, with the first and second containing 24 PIs each, and the third group containing 16 PIs (m = r = 24, s = 16). Suppose that in each residential and office space it is necessary to install two PIs, in each corridor - four, in the MO and hold - six PIs. Then, to ensure maximum reliability of the device in each residential and office space, you can install one PI of the first group and one PI from the second group of detectors. In the corridors, place the detectors of the third group, and in the MO and hold - two detectors of each group. With this division into groups, the fire-hazardous situation in the most important and fire-hazardous premises - MO and hold, is controlled by PIs included in all three groups, therefore, to stop monitoring it is necessary that all three group devices located in different parts of the vessel simultaneously fail. As long as at least one group device is working, the control of the fire hazard situation in the most dangerous rooms will be carried out. This determines a higher survivability of devices that implement the proposed method, compared with devices that implement the method adopted for the prototype. Suppose that a fire occurred, for example, in the cabin of the boatswain, then the corresponding PI, for example 1.1.2, will work and transmit information, for example, about increasing smoke above the set value, to the first group device located in the wheelhouse 2.1. The second PI located in the same cabin, for example 1.2.2, will transmit information, for example, about the temperature exceeding the set value, to the second group device located in the cabin of the duty 2.2. The first and second group devices 2.1 and 2.2 will generate the signal “Fire in the boatswain’s cabin”, transmit them to the third group device 2.3, located in the CPU center of the Moscow Region, all three devices will display the text “Fire in the boatswain’s cabin” and will generate an audio signal.

The present invention was created in the process of developing a prototype ship security and fire alarm device, conducted by Forpik Standard Service LLC. Calculations were made and a working model of the device that implements the inventive method was manufactured, laboratory tests of which showed the possibility of using this method in shipboard fire control systems, which, taking into account the foregoing, allows us to conclude that it can be used industrially.

Claims (4)

1. The method of signaling a fire situation at the facility, according to which fire detectors (PI) installed at the facility are divided into groups, the address signals from the PI of each group are processed and a signal about the fire situation at the site of the object corresponding to this PI group, characterized in that Each such signal about the fire situation at the site of the object is supplemented with signals about the fire situation at the site of the object corresponding to all other groups of UI, they process information and generate several signals about fire The interior of the whole facility. 2. The method of signaling a fire situation at the facility according to claim 1, characterized in that the fire detectors (PI) installed at the facility are divided into groups so that PI is installed on the most critical and fire hazardous areas of the facility (in the most critical and fire hazardous areas of the facility) from different groups. 3. The method of signaling a fire situation at the facility according to claim 1, characterized in that the address signals from the fire detectors (PI) of each group are transmitted separately to a group device (GP) corresponding to this group of PIs, where address information is received from the PI, included in the loop, they process information and generate a signal about the fire situation at the site of the facility on which the PIs of the corresponding group are installed, all group devices exchange signals about the fire situation at the sites of the facility, where the corresponding PIs are installed, on the basis of the received signals in each of the gas stations form a signal about the fire situation throughout the facility. 4. The method of signaling a fire situation at the facility according to claim 1, characterized in that for its implementation a device is used that contains the first group of 1.1.1, 1.1.2 ... 1.1.m, the second group of PIs 1.2.1, 1.2.2 ... 1.2.r, ... PI of the nth group 1.n.1, 1.n.2, ... 1.ns, where m, r, ... s are the number of PIs in the first, second, and nth groups, respectively, group devices 2.1, 2.2, ... 2.n; moreover, the PI outputs of each group are connected to the corresponding inputs of the group devices whose numbers correspond to the number of the PI group (the PI outputs of the first group 1.1.1, 1.1.2 ... 1.1.m are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first group device 2.1, the PI outputs of the second group 1.2.1 , 1.2.2 ... 1.2.r are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second group device 2.2, the outputs of the PI of the nth group 1.n.1, 1.n.2, ... 1.ns are connected to the corresponding inputs of the nth group device 2. n), group devices 2.1, 2.2, ... 2.n are interconnected via an address line of communication.

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