RU2721342C1 - System for emergency evacuation on ice of personnel of emergency oil and gas platforms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue means.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to means of rescue of emergency offshore oil and gas platforms (OOGP) in Arctic conditions. Evacuation system on ice of personnel of emergency oil and gas platforms comprises rescue facility and hoisting device arranged on deck. Hoisting device is arranged in the form of vertical elevator guides arranged along platform side for movement of cargo platform with rescue device by means of deck winches and on which the ramp is hinged by means of hydraulic actuators to provide in the lowered position on the ice of the rescue facility, and in raised position forms wave deflector of its protection. Rescue facility is made in the form of protective module for personnel with caterpillar propulsor, electric drive of which is connected to power supply source by means of towing cable-rope and platform recovery winch.

EFFECT: guaranteed evacuation of OOGP personnel.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rescue personnel of emergency offshore oil and gas platforms (MNP) in the Arctic. Climatic conditions - polar night, ice cover, low air temperatures and stormy winds sometimes create insurmountable difficulties in organizing rescue of people.

At the same time, traditional life-saving appliances (similar to surface ships and ships), such as individual or collective, are usually oriented to the water surface.

For ice conditions, they are practically not applicable. In addition, (for example, for the Prirazlomnaya MNP), the standard evacuation time is 120 minutes (determined by the degree of fire resistance of the MNP temporary shelters) in polar night and wind conditions is practically unrealistic. For MNP personnel, only evacuation lines installed alongside the aircraft are offered for launching on ice. Issues of the quick departure of personnel from emergency MNEs also present a difficult practically unsolvable technical problem.

Currently, a number of design organizations have focused on creating ice vehicles. The main (proposed for consideration) samples: hovercraft, boats with reinforced ice belt, inhabited modules on a caterpillar track or rotary-propeller propulsion. Federal State Unitary Enterprise Krylovskiy State Scientific Center proposed an air-jet mechanism as a propulsion device (NE Sazonov, “Rescue Parameters of Means under Ice Conditions. State of the Question and Solutions. Journal“ Arctic: Economics and Ecology ”. - No. 4 (12). - 2013, p. 32-39 [1]).

Known technical solutions have several disadvantages. For example:

- rescue tool IBEEV (Internet source -

http://www.ibrae.ac.ru/docs/4%2812%29/032_039_ARKTIKA_4%2812%29_12_2013.pdf [2]) is designed for ice conditions of the Caspian Sea and is not acceptable for the Arctic zones of Russia;

- ARCTOS rescue tool (Internet source -

http://forum.zr.ru/forum/topic/387987-arktos-kanadskij-variant-vsedorozhnika/ [3]) has low stability and is prone to tipping over when leaving the water on ice;

- the TEMPCS lifeboat in conditions of broken ice with a concentration of 7 points does not have the ability to navigate [1];

- the use of hovercraft is limited by the height of the hummocks due to the possibility of breaking the flexible fence (online source http://shelfneft.gazprom.ru/d/blockonthemainpage/04/4/prezentatsiya-proekta-prirazlomnoe.-final. 04.07.07_edit2 .pdf [4]);

- the use of air-jet propulsors at air temperatures up to -50 degrees C is currently not adequately studied;

- the success of launching a collective life-saving equipment (for example, a boat) onto water (ice) in stormy conditions is small and averages 16% (RN Karaev. Assessment of the accident rate of offshore oil and gas facilities. - Journal. Marine Gazette No. 3 (59) - 2016 . - S. 85-90 [5]);

- discharged life-saving appliances on ice from an MNP height of 10–20 m require powerful bottom shock absorbers, personnel seats and safety shock-absorbing belts, eliminating 3-direction impacts due to the uncertainty of their direction when launching on ice.

The problem of the physiological ability of the body of an untrained person to endure the corresponding overload when falling from a height of up to 20 m is problematic. The designers of this method of evacuation cannot determine the potential danger of such a "deadly force." In addition, the fall of a boat weighing 7000 kg on ice will inevitably lead to deformation of the hull or mechanisms of attachment of mechanisms.

Known analogues [1-5] of collective rescue equipment (KSS), in the Arctic, are imperfect and do not take into account the variety of negative effects on the effectiveness of their use. In these conditions, the design of the KSS is a difficult engineering task. The technical solutions implemented in the analogues are essentially not focused on creating a tool as such and do not take into account the relationship between the KSS and the MNE. Such an unsystematic approach naturally identified the identified individual (for each analogue) flaws.

As a prototype for the selected QRS evacuation MP "Prirazlomnaja" (online source - https://docviewer.yandex.ru/view/58042574/?*-XQD4Q62U41Q58yaCOSXx8tMLCWp7InVyb CI6Imh0dHA6Ly9zaGVsZiluZWZ0LmdhenByb20ucnUvZC9ibG9ja29udGhlbWFpbnBhZ2Uv MDQvNC9wcmV6ZW50YXRz [6]).

The disadvantages of the well-known KSS are that the emergency evacuation of personnel in lifeboats is oriented to a clean water surface and inflatable rafts are provided for evacuating personnel on ice.

Evacuation bridges with trigger arms are provided for moving personnel from the MP deck to the liferaft. It does not provide for the presence of a barrier of hummocks of a certain area, which is an insurmountable obstacle for inflatable rafts. In addition, during the allotted evacuation time (up to 120 minutes according to the degree of fire resistance of the premises), the operation of lowering 240 people from the MP deck to ice may not be feasible. The vehicle launched at the MP side (ice deflector) does not have the ability to move away from it in broken ice. Timely assistance from the emergency rescue vessel on duty may not take place due to the possible development of a fire at the MP or ice conditions. Thus, the possible rescue scenarios of the Prirazlomnaya MP personnel are oriented towards clean water and do not provide personnel rescue in ice conditions.

The objective of the present invention is the guaranteed evacuation of MNE personnel and the unconditional fulfillment of two rescue scenarios, namely, descent from the emergency MNE KSS to the ice surface and departure as soon as possible from the MNE to a safe distance KSS.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the ice evacuation system of personnel of emergency oil and gas platforms containing rescue equipment and a hoisting device located on the deck, the hoisting device is made in the form of vertical elevator guides placed along the side of the platform for moving with deck winches of the cargo platform from a rescue device and on which the ramp is pivotally mounted by means of hydraulic actuators to provide a rescue device in the lowered position on the ice, and in the raised position forms a wave deflector for its protection, and the rescue device is made in the form of a protective module for personnel with a caterpillar drive, the electric drive of which by means of a tow cable The cable and the platform winch are connected to a power source.

In contrast to the prototype [6], the evacuation of personnel on ice in the proposed KSS is carried out by a launching and lifting device (SPU).

In this case, the device is made in the form of a vertical elevator, the cargo area of which moves along two guides mounted on the MNP ice deflector. The cargo area is lowered (raised) by deck winches.

To overcome the hummock barrier at the base of the MNP, a ramp is deployed pivotally mounted on the site, deployed by means of hydraulic actuators. In the “tilted” state, the area of the cargo winch increases, covering the barrier of hummocks.

KSS descends on ice along the common plane of the cargo area and ramps onto a relatively flat ice field and departs from the emergency MNE. At the same time, the two main elements of SPU and KSS are functionally technically organizationally interconnected, forming the whole system.

As an example, which does not have any restrictive character, the preferred variant of its implementation on MNE is described.

In FIG. Figures 1 and 2 show an ice evacuation system for emergency MNP personnel, where: deck of an offshore oil and gas platform (MNP) 1 collective rescue vehicle (KSS) 2, cargo area 3, guides 4, deck winches 5, hydraulic drives 6, ramp 7, tow cable - cable 8, view winch 9, underlying surface (ice) 10.

The principle of operation of the proposed system.

On deck MNP 1 there are deck winches 5, winch view 9, tow cable 8, which is connected to KCC 2.

On the ice (vertical) MNP deflector (hereinafter referred to as the board) guides 4 are fixed along which the cargo platform 3 moves. The platform 3 is moved by means of cargo cables 10 and deck winches 5. At the free end of the cargo platform 3, the ramp is pivotally mounted 7. The ramp 7 is hydraulically driven. (hydraulic cylinders) 6.

On the cargo area 3 is located KCC 2 with a caterpillar mover, the electric drive of which is connected via a tow cable 8 to the winch-view 9.

In the inoperative (upper) position of the cargo area 3 KSS 2 in the form of a module, is located on the cargo area 3, ready for emergency evacuation of MNP personnel. In this case, the ramp 7 serves as a protection element as a wave deflector. In the lower position, the cargo area 3 partially overlaps the hummock barrier at the base of the MNP, and the lowered ramp 7 increases the overlap area. Such an elongation overlaps the barrier of uneven terrain providing an accident-free descent of KSS 2 to the ice field.

KSS 2 is made in the form of a protective module for personnel with a caterpillar mover and electric drive. The electric drive of the module and the mechanical connection with it are carried out through the tow cable 8 and the winch-view 9. The module departs from the cargo area 3 of the emergency MNP connected with the tow cable 8 to a safe distance.

The positive effect of the invention lies in the use of the elevator method of delivering KSS from the deck of the MNP to the ice, which ensures prompt and safe evacuation of personnel.

In addition, the use of a ramp, as an element that increases the area of the cargo area, allows the KSS to overcome the hummock barrier at the base of the MNE at a considerable distance and to ensure the departure of the KSS from the emergency MNE.

The use of the ramp as a wave deflector allows you to protect the KSS from external influences and increase the security of the evacuated personnel, and the use of a towing cable - cable as an electrical and mechanical element of communication with the module in arctic conditions is a more reliable way of moving on ice.

Sources of information.

1. Sazonov N.E. “Rescue parameters of means in ice conditions. Status of the issue and solutions. The journal "Arctic: Economics and Ecology". - No. 4 (12). - 2013, p. 32-39.

2. Rescue tool IBEEV (Internet source - http://www.ibrae.ac.ru/docs/4%2812%29/032_039_ARKTIKA_4%2812%29_12_2013.pdf.

3. Rescue tool ARCTOS (online source - http://forum.zr.ru/forum/topic/387987-arktos-kanadskij-variant-vsedorozhnika/). 4.Internet source: http://shelfneft.gazprom.ru/d/blockonthemainpage/04/4/prezentatsiya-proekta-prirazlomnoe.-final.-04.07_edit2.pdf.

5. R.N. Karaev. Accident assessment of offshore oil and gas facilities. - journal. Maritime Gazette No. 3 (59) - 2016. - S. 85-90.

6. KSS for the evacuation of the Prirazlomnaya MP (Internet source - https://docviewer.yandex.ru/view/58042574/?*=XQD4Q62U41Q58yaCOSXx8tMLCWp7InVybCI6I

mh0dHA6Ly9zaGVsZiluZWZ0LmdhenByb20ucnUvZC9ibG9ja29udGhlbWFpbnBhZ2UvMD

QvNC9wcmV6ZW50YXRz).

Claims (1)

An ice evacuation system for personnel of emergency oil and gas platforms, comprising a rescue tool and a hoisting device located on the deck, characterized in that the hoisting device is made in the form of vertical elevator guides placed along the side of the platform for moving cargo platforms with rescue means by deck winches and on which the ramp is pivotally mounted by means of hydraulic drives to provide a rescue device in the lowered position on the ice, and in the raised position forms a wave deflector for protecting it, the rescue device is made in the form of a protective module for personnel with a caterpillar drive, the electric drive of which is via a tow cable and winch - The platform views are connected to a power source.

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