RU2720112C1 - Agent for neutralizing malodorates in case of accidents at chemically hazardous facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to toxicology and can be used for neutralization of small pigments on surfaces, in air volumes and confined spaces. To this end, a neutralization composition is used based on 5 % aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, Katamin AB phase transfer catalyst, cocatalyst - methanesulphonic acid in following ratio of components, wt. %: Katamin AB phase transfer catalyst - 0.5; cocatalyst - methanesulphonic acid - 0.5; 5 % aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite is the balance.

EFFECT: invention provides neutralization of malodorates in case of emergencies and elimination of accidents on chemically hazardous facilities, treatment of working sites, sites of temporary storage of industrial wastes.

1 cl, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to means used to neutralize malodorant on surfaces, in air volumes and confined spaces. The composition of the tool includes the following components, expressed in mass. %: aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution (5%) - 99; dimethylalkyl (C ₈ -C ₁₈ ) benzylammonium chloride “Catamine AB” - 0.5; methanesulfonic acid - 0.5. Sodium hypochlorite is an oxidizing agent, “Catamine AB” is an interphase transfer catalyst that provides the transfer of anion from the aqueous phase to the organic phase, methanesulfonic acid — a cocatalyst, which ensures the reaction in the aqueous and organic phases.

The invention provides safety in use, the product has low toxicity, it can be used both at negative and positive temperatures, with separate storage of components, it is suitable for operation for a long time.

As is known [1], physical and chemical methods are widely used to neutralize malodorants. Physical methods of neutralizing malodorants are the use of sorbent materials. As absorbents, activated carbon, silica gels, zeolites, alumina, aluminosilicates, polysorb, lignins, etc. are used. It should be noted that for high-quality air purification, the selectivity of the sorbent material to the sorbed substance is important. Physical absorption is most often a reversible process.

Chemical methods for neutralizing malodorants are the interaction of malodorants and chemicals with the formation of derivatives that do not have an unpleasant odor.

A known method of neutralizing hydrogen sulfide by a chemical agent, including, mass. %: formalin 30-60, hydroxide and / or carbonate of an alkali metal (sodium) 0.1-3, bactericidal preparation 5-35 and tertiary amino alcohol the rest [2]. However, this tool does not provide an effective neutralization of hydrogen sulfide and light mercaptans. As a result of the reaction, sulfur-containing organic compounds of polymer composition are formed.

Known chemical agent for neutralizing hydrogen sulfide, including alkali metal hydroxide and / or organic base (0.03-15 wt.%), Nonionic surfactant (surfactant) (0.5-25 wt.%) And lower hemiformal (s) aliphatic alcohol (rest). As nonionic surfactants, polyesters based on glycerol, hydroxyalkylated glycol, hydroxyalkylated ethylenediamine or a mixture thereof are used [3]. The disadvantages of this tool to neutralize hydrogen sulfide and light fractions of mercaptans are the reversibility of the reaction and the possibility of their regeneration in the open air.

Known chemical agent for the oxidation of sulfur-containing compounds, including 50-96% aqueous solution of formic acid and 30-90% aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, taken in a molar ratio of formic acid: hydrogen peroxide in the range from 1: 4 to 4: 1 [4]. The specified tool has a high oxidizing ability with respect to sulfur-containing compounds. However, it has an extremely high corrosion activity, as well as low chemical stability during storage (decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and the resulting formic acid).

The closest technical solution to the claimed tool is a chemical agent containing hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite in the following ratio of components, mass. %: hydrogen peroxide - 49.5-49.7, 5% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution - the rest. The disadvantages of this tool are the need to use hydrogen peroxide - an unstable product that spontaneously decomposes into water and oxygen, the inability to treat with a composition containing hydrogen peroxide of structural materials that are decomposition catalysts [5].

The objective of the invention is to provide a means to neutralize malodorants for use in the aftermath of accidents at chemically hazardous facilities (COO), disinfection of work sites for temporary storage of industrial waste, machinery and equipment exposed to malodorants, as well as their spill sites.

The basis of the unpleasant odor of malodorants are amines and sulfur-containing compounds. We used commercial compounds as model substances: amines - 3-methylindole, sulfur-containing substances - dipropyl sulfide.

The work to determine the effectiveness of the developed tools was built on the phased selection of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the components to effectively neutralize the odor of malodorant.

Calibration and analysis of the residual malodorant content was carried out on an Agilent Technologies 7820 A gas chromatograph with a 5977 E MSD mass-selective detector (USA). The residual concentration of malodorant was determined by a calibration curve constructed using the external standard method.

General technique.

A 5% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution with an active chlorine content of ~ 5% is loaded into a 50 ml temperature-controlled reactor at 25 ° C (Belizna sodium hypochlorite TU 2382-004-92082477-2011 can be used as an available analog), and Katama’s aqueous solution AB "with a basic substance content of 49.0-51.0%, methanesulfonic acid, a hexane solution of malodorant with a concentration of 5 mg / ml. Stirred for 1 min., Selected organic layer for analysis. The residual content of malodorant is determined.

Example 1

a) In the reactor load 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 5 ml of a hexane solution of dipropyl sulfide. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide is 1.5 mg / ml.

b) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 5 ml of a hexane solution of dipropyl sulfide, 0.2 ml of an aqueous solution of “Catamine AB” are loaded into the reactor. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide is 0.06 mg / ml.

c) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 5 ml of a hexane solution of dipropyl sulfide, 0.2 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, and 0.1 ml of methanesulfonic acid are loaded into the reactor. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide is below the detection limit of the device.

Example 2

a) In the reactor load 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 5 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole. The residual concentration of 3-methylindole is 1.6 mg / ml.

b) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 0.2 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, 5 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole with a concentration of 5% are loaded into the reactor. The residual concentration of 3-methylindole is 0.03 mg / ml.

c) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 0.2 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, 0.1 ml of methanesulfonic acid, 5 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole are loaded into the reactor. The residual concentration of 3-methylindole is below the detection limit of the device.

Example 3

a) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 10 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole and dipropyl sulfide are loaded into the reactor. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide is 4.8 mg / ml, 3-methylindole 5.0 mg / ml.

b) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 0.2 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, 10 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole and dipropyl sulfide are loaded into the reactor, the residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide is 0.09 mg / ml, 3-methylindole 0, 14 mg / ml.

c) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 0.2 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, 0.1 ml of methanesulfonic acid, 10 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole and dipropyl sulfide are loaded into the reactor. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide and 3-methylindole is below the detection limit of the device.

Example 4

a) The reactor is loaded with 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 0.02 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, 0.02 ml of methanesulfonic acid, 10 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole and dipropyl sulfide. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide is 1.1 mg / ml, 3-methylindole 0.4 mg / ml.

b) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 0.01 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, 0.02 ml of methanesulfonic acid, 10 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole and dipropyl sulfide are loaded into the reactor. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide is 1.0 mg / ml, 3-methylindole 0.2 mg / ml.

c) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 0.01 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, 0.01 ml of methanesulfonic acid, 10 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole and dipropyl sulfide are loaded into the reactor. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide 2.2 mg / ml, 3-methylindole 0.6 mg / ml.

Example 5

a) The reactor is loaded with 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 0.2 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, 0.2 ml of methanesulfonic acid, 10 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole and dipropyl sulfide. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide and 3-methylindole is below the detection limit of the device.

b) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 0.1 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, 0.05 ml of methanesulfonic acid, 10 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole and dipropyl sulfide are loaded into the reactor. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide and 3-methylindole is below the detection limit of the device.

c) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 0.05 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, 0.1 ml of methanesulfonic acid, 10 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole and dipropyl sulfide are loaded into the reactor. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide and 3-methylindole is below the detection limit of the device.

d) 10 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, 0.05 ml of an aqueous solution of Catamine AB, 0.05 ml of methanesulfonic acid, 10 ml of a hexane solution of 3-methylindole and dipropyl sulfide are loaded into the reactor. The residual concentration of dipropyl sulfide and 3-methylindole is below the detection limit of the device.

Thus, the 5% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution proposed for neutralizing malodorants, containing the Catamine AB phase transfer catalyst and cocatalyst methanesulfonic acid, has several advantages over its closest analogue; makes it possible to obtain a tool with a simple composition and more effective than the proposed one. The composition and properties make it possible to use it to neutralize few dorantes in case of emergencies and liquidate accidents at the chemical waste treatment plant, to treat work sites for temporary storage of industrial waste, as well as for places to spill malorant, etc. A feature of the proposed product is the ability to create effective formulations from affordable, cheap raw materials and using Belizna TU 2382-004-92082477-2011 with an active chlorine content of ~ 8% assimilated in the Russian economy as a source of active chlorine.

Literature

1. Syropyatov O. G. Medical and psychological support of special operations. - K .: Publisher O.T. Rostunov, 2013, p. 292.

2. Pat. No. 2318864 C1 Russian Federation, INC ⁷ C10G 29/20, C09K 8/54, B01D 53/48. A converter of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans / Fakhriev A.M., Fakhriev R.A. - No. 2006141965/04, declared November 17, 2006, publ. March 10, 2008, Bull.No. 7.

3. Pat. No. 2490311 C1 Russian Federation, INC ⁷ C10G 29/20, C10G 29/24, C10G 33/04, Е21В 43/22. Hydrogen sulfide neutralizer / Fakhriev A.M., Fakhriev R.A., Yarmukhametov R.G. - No. 2012109324/04, declared 03/12/2012, published on 08/20/2013, Bull. Number 23.

4. Pat. No. 5310479 Unated States, C10G 19/02. Process for reducing the sulfur content of crude / Audeh C.A. - No. 956186 filed 10/05/1992, pabl. 05/10/1994.

5. Auth. testimonial. No. 833291 USSR M. Cl. ³ B01D 53/16. A solution for the neutralization of hydrogen sulfide / Ovtina T.S., Leontiev L.S. - 2780141 / 23-26, declared 09/20/1979, published on 05/30/1981, Bull. No. 20.

Claims (4)

Composition for neutralizing malodorants based on a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, interfacial transfer catalyst "Catamine AB", cocatalyst - methanesulfonic acid in the following proportions of components, wt.%: interfacial transfer catalyst "Catamine AB" - 0.5; cocatalyst - methanesulfonic acid - 0.5; 5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite - the rest.