RU2712312C1 - Device for spinal traction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to medical equipment, and is intended for medical and mechanical exposure on spinal column. Device for spinal traction is made in the form of a single bed and consists of a rectangular base, on which two pairs of the right and left are fixed, forming internal and external pairs of legs, at an acute angle to the base. Rectangular structure is fixed to each of four sides on four sides to connect said four legs to form parallelogram mechanism with possibility of spring-loaded movement. Rectangular structures form two pairs of transverse supports, two internal and two external. On rectangular structures rectangular frames are fixed on both sides, which are half the size of rectangular structures, their length is located above external legs, and their width reaches a projection on rectangular structure of the middle of distance between external and internal legs. Upper part of inner legs is connected by gas lift with lower part of external legs. Parallelogram mechanisms are interconnected by a central crossbeam into which a hydraulic cylinder is built. In the center of the base there is a support, on which a synchronization mechanism is fixed, which is connected to the hydraulic cylinder of reverse action with a return mechanism, filled with hydraulic oil, speed of movement of the hydraulic cylinder rod is regulated by a throttle of fine adjustment. Inner crosswise supports are connected on top from both sides by articulated linkage composed of Nuremberg scissors. Upper part of the said rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism is represented by a linear guide for moving the rollers. Between the rectangular frames on the rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism the main frame is installed. Lower part of the main frame is equipped with rollers for movement along the mating part of rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism of the linear guide. Upper part of the main frame has linear guides. On top of the main frame and rectangular frames there is a rectangular board with lamellae, on the lower part of the rectangular shield with lamellae there are rollers for movement along the mating part of the main frame and rectangular frames of the linear guides. Central hinges of hinge-lever mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors are attached to lamellae along long sides of rectangular shield. Viscoelastic foamed polyurethane is placed on top of the rectangular board with lamellae.

EFFECT: invention enables spinal traction in the home, which can be used as practically healthy people for the purpose of prevention, and individuals with diseases of the spine or other organs of the locomotor system due to a uniform and dosed load on the spine.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine and medical equipment, and more specifically to means for the medical-mechanical effects on the spine.

The device for stretching the spine contains a frame of longitudinal and transverse planks, one of which can rotate to change the distance between the elbow rests. The swivel plate is fixed using the adjustment belt. Elastic rods are attached to the transverse slats of the frame, designed to create traction. The waist belt is connected to the elastic rods by means of slings. The slings have a badge and can be adjusted in length. The elbow stops and the longitudinal slats have support pillows for softer contact with the forearm (RU 148673 U1 12/10/2014).

The device contains a couch, a lumbar spine traction unit, patient fixation elements, a hollow body, a cervical traction unit, two limit switches, a removable jumper, a control unit, a control panel, a strain gauge, two heat exposure elements, a pelvic rotation angle lock two adjustable for knee height and transport unit. The couch consists of the chest and pelvic sections, made in the form of metal frames, on which the platforms are sheathed on top with an artificial coating, and the platform of the pelvic section is equipped with rollers that provide longitudinal movement along the X axis. The pelvic section is equipped with a hinge mounted in the longitudinal plane of the couch and providing its rotation around the vertical axis Z. The hollow body is mounted on the base, and the couch is placed on this body and is equipped with a head section, also made in the form of a metal amki and on which there is a platform top lever artificial turf, and pivotally connected to the rib section couch. The traction unit of the cervical spine is placed on the head section and is formed by a platform, which is connected to a metal cable through a traction lever placed in a sleeve with a fixing screw, and is also formed by a flat support for the head, a fixing belt, two occipital wedges made with the possibility of changing the distance between them, and the angle of the head section, consisting of a gas spring and end handrail. Two limit switches are integrated in the corresponding through grooves of the pelvic section. A removable jumper is placed, if necessary, in one of the two grooves of this section and thereby ensures the presence / absence of a mechanical connection between the electric drive and the pelvic section. The control unit is integrated in the hollow housing. The control panel and emergency button are remote and connected via appropriate cables to the control unit. The load cell has a mechanical input made interacting with the electric drive, and the electrical output is connected to the control unit. Two elements of the thermal effect are built into the platforms of the thoracic and pelvic sections and connected to the control unit. The latch angle of rotation of the pelvic section is placed between the thoracic and pelvic sections. Two height-adjustable kneecaps with a common stance connect them to the platform of the pelvic section. The fixation elements of the thoracic and lumbar spine, as well as the joints of the lower extremities are made in the form of fastening belts equipped with traction belts. The lumbar spine traction unit is formed by an electric drive, a slider located on the guides and interacting with this electric drive, two pull levers and an arm, one end of which is rigidly connected to the slider, and the other end to the metal cable, and the base is equipped with a transportation unit. The transport unit contains two support wheels and two support washers mounted on the ends of the transverse axis lying in the vertical plane and passing through the center of gravity of the device, the lifting-lowering lever with a shaft integrated in the base and also lying in the specified vertical plane, two eccentrics, rigidly connected with the shaft of the lifting-lowering lever, two bushings fixed to the base and equipped with pushers rigidly connected to the supporting washers and interacting with the corresponding eccentrics (RU 2612842 C1 13.03.2017).

The disadvantages of the known devices are as follows: firstly, a number of devices require an assistant. Secondly, the known devices have a complex structure and large dimensions. Thirdly, known devices often injure a fixed patient.

The objective of the invention is to create a small, efficient and easy to use device for stretching the spine, convenient and safe to use, does not require an assistant, and having advanced operational capabilities.

The technical result of the invention is to create a convenient device suitable for use at home, which can be used both by healthy people, for the purpose of prevention, and by persons with diseases of the spine or other organs of the musculoskeletal system. In addition, the device allows for a uniform and dosed load on the spine. The proposed device can be used without assistants in any situation, without control panels and patient fixation, while the spine is pulled effortlessly, due to gravity.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for traction of the spine has the following design features. The device for stretching the spine is made in the form of a single bed.

The device contains a rectangular base (1), on which two pairs of legs (2) are fixed on the right and left, forming internal and external pairs of legs, at an acute angle to the base. At the same time, rectangular structures (3) are fixed from each side to the four legs from above, connecting these four legs, forming a parallelogram mechanism with the possibility of spring-loaded movement. Rectangular structures form two pairs of transverse supports, two internal (4) and two external (5). On rectangular structures, rectangular frames are fixed on both sides, which are half smaller than rectangular structures. Moreover, these rectangular frames (14) are located above the outer legs - the length, and their width reaches the projection on the rectangular structure of the middle of the distance between the outer and inner legs. In addition, the upper part of the inner legs is connected by a gas lift (6) to the lower part of the outer legs. Parallelogram mechanisms are interconnected by a central crossbar (7), in which a hydraulic cylinder is built. In the center of the base there is a support on which a synchronization mechanism (16) is fixed, connected to a reverse-acting hydraulic cylinder (9) with a return mechanism, filled with hydraulic oil, which slows down the stretching of the device. In this case, the speed of the hydraulic cylinder rod is regulated by a fine-tuning throttle, the fine-tuning throttle controller is displayed on the side of the device, and adjusts the stretching speed (23). The hydraulic cylinder also contains a tee (17), a hose (18), a check valve (19) and an oil reservoir (20). The internal transverse supports on top are connected on both sides by a linkage mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors (10). The upper part of the specified rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism is represented by a linear guide (11) for moving the rollers. Between the rectangular frames, the main frame (12) is mounted on the rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism. The lower part of the main frame is equipped with rollers for moving along the counterpart of the rectangular structures of the parallelogram linear guide mechanism. The upper part of the frame has linear guides. On top of the main frame and rectangular frames, a rectangular shield with lamellas (8) is installed on the bottom of the rectangular shield rollers are located to move along the counterpart of the main frame and rectangular frames of linear guides. Bottom to the lamellas along the long sides of the rectangular shield are attached the central hinges of the articulated lever mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors (10). A visco-elastic polyurethane foam (15) is installed on top of a rectangular shield with lamellas.

In addition, if necessary, the device for traction of the spine should be equipped with a device for heating. The specified device for heating is represented by heating elements (21), which can be installed on the upper plane of the lamella, in the middle of the length of the lamella, namely between the lamellas and viscoelastic polyurethane foam. The heating elements are powered by a constant power source, and are equipped with a temperature control unit, which is located between the heating element and the power supply unit, which converts AC 220 V to 12 V. The specified heating elements operate at a low voltage of 12 volts and are equipped with an emergency shutdown mechanism to prevent the possibility of overheating or fire. The heating temperature is from 30 to 60 degrees. Connection diagram: Power supply-regulator-heating element, spiral wires are used for connection.

Along with the foregoing, the device can be supplemented with vibration motors (22) to perform vibration massage if not necessary, while the vibration massage device (vibration motors) and heating can be installed both together and separately.

In this case, the vibration motors are attached to the lamellas from the bottom. On the bottom plane of the lamella, in the middle. Power consumption 12 volts. Connection diagram: Power supply-regulator-vibro-motor, while spiral wires are used for connection.

When installing a massage device simultaneously with a heating device, I install them on one power supply, a voltage converter 220 V to 12 V.

The indicated vibration motors alternate with heating elements on the lamellas. Moreover, their regulators (24 and 25) are installed in the middle on the side of the device so that a person lying could freely reach his hand.

All functions of the device can work independently of each other. That is, you can enable the vibration massage function, without stretching the device, or heating, you can turn on all functions at the same time. The most basic function, stretching (lengthening) the device works due to the weight of a person, does not require electricity. And for the rest of the functions you need power.

The throttle (traction speed) regulator is mechanical.

The temperature and vibration massage controller is electronic; it may even be more correctly called a control unit. Heating will turn on / off and the temperature will be adjusted from 30 to 60 degrees. The vibro massage will be on / off and have several modes.

The proposed device operates as follows. The patient rests on the spinal traction device, without any help, the patient does not record anything. Then, under the influence of the patient’s weight, parallelogram mechanisms, a hydraulic cylinder, a synchronization mechanism and an articulated-linkage mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors are activated and the device begins to lengthen. The task of the hydraulic cylinder is to slow down the stretching of the bed.

Example 1 specific implementation of the device for stretching the spine.

Choose a rectangular base (1), on which two pairs of legs (2) are fixed on the right and left, forming internal and external pairs of legs, at an acute angle of 45 ° to the base. At the same time, rectangular structures (3) are fixed to four legs from each side from above, connecting these four legs, forming a parallelogram mechanism with the possibility of spring-loaded movement. Rectangular structures form two pairs of transverse supports, two internal (4) and two external (5). On rectangular structures, rectangular frames are fixed on both sides, which are half smaller than rectangular structures. The upper part of the inner legs is connected by a gas lift (6) to the lower part of the external legs. Parallelogram mechanisms are interconnected by a central crossbar (7), in which a hydraulic cylinder is built. In the center of the base, a synchronization mechanism (16) is fixed on a support, which is connected to a reverse-acting hydraulic cylinder (9) with a return mechanism, filled with hydraulic oil, which slows down the stretching of the device. In this case, the speed of the hydraulic cylinder rod is regulated by a fine-tuning throttle, the fine-tuning throttle controller is displayed on the side of the device, and adjusts the stretching speed (23). The hydraulic cylinder also contains a tee (17), a hose (18), a check valve (19) and an oil reservoir (20). The inner transverse supports are connected from above to the articulated lever mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors on both sides (10). The upper part of the rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism is represented by a linear guide (11) for moving the rollers. Between the rectangular frames, the main frame (12) is mounted on the rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism. The lower part of the main frame is equipped with rollers for moving along the counterpart of the rectangular structures of the parallelogram linear guide mechanism. The upper part of the frame has linear guides. On top of the main frame and rectangular frames, a rectangular shield with lamellas (8) is installed on the bottom of the rectangular shield rollers are located to move along the counterpart of the main frame and rectangular frames of linear guides. Bottom to the lamellas along the long sides of the rectangular shield are attached the central hinges of the articulated lever mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors (10). A visco-elastic polyurethane foam (15) is installed on top of a rectangular shield with lamellas. Then, the patient is laid on the resulting structure and, by weight of the body, activates the synchronization mechanism, parallelogram mechanisms, the articulated lever mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors and a hydraulic cylinder; the device begins to stretch, and stretches to a minimum of 1 to 120 mm, while the speed of stretching is regulated by a fine-tuning throttle. That will allow for a uniform and dosed load on the spine. It demonstrates the possibility of using the device without assistants in any situation, without control panels and patient fixation, while ensuring the spine is pulled without effort, due to gravity.

Example 2 specific implementation of the device for stretching the spine.

Choose a rectangular base (1), on which two pairs of legs (2) are fixed on the right and left, forming internal and external pairs of legs, at an angle of 90 ° to the base. At the same time, rectangular structures (3) are fixed to four legs from each side from above, connecting these four legs, forming a parallelogram mechanism with the possibility of spring-loaded movement. Rectangular structures form two pairs of transverse supports, two internal (4) and two external (5). On rectangular structures, rectangular frames are fixed on both sides, which are half smaller than rectangular structures. The upper part of the inner legs is connected by a gas lift (6) to the lower part of the external legs. Parallelogram mechanisms are interconnected by a central crossbar (7), in which a hydraulic cylinder is built. In the center of the base, a synchronization mechanism (16) is fixed on a support, which is connected to a reverse-acting hydraulic cylinder (9) with a return mechanism, filled with hydraulic oil, which slows down the stretching of the device. In this case, the speed of the hydraulic cylinder rod is regulated by a fine-tuning throttle, the fine-tuning throttle controller is displayed on the side of the device, and adjusts the stretching speed (23). The hydraulic cylinder also contains a tee (17), a hose (18), a check valve (19) and an oil reservoir (20). The inner transverse supports are connected from above to the articulated lever mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors on both sides (10). The upper part of the rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism is represented by a linear guide (11) for moving the rollers. Between the rectangular frames, the main frame (12) is mounted on the rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism. The lower part of the main frame is equipped with rollers for moving along the counterpart of the rectangular structures of the parallelogram linear guide mechanism. The upper part of the frame has linear guides. On top of the main frame and rectangular frames, a rectangular shield with lamellas (8) is installed on the bottom of the rectangular shield rollers are located to move along the counterpart of the main frame and rectangular frames of linear guides. Bottom to the lamellas along the long sides of the rectangular shield are attached the central hinges of the articulated lever mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors (10). A visco-elastic polyurethane foam (15) is installed on top of a rectangular shield with lamellas. Then the patient is laid on the resulting structure and, by weight of the body, activates the synchronization mechanism, parallelogram mechanisms, the articulated lever mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors and a hydraulic cylinder; since the angle of the legs was 90 ° stretching of the device does not occur, which demonstrates the operation of the device, only subject to an acute angle of the legs to the base.

The device is illustrated by drawings of FIG. 1-4, where: 1 - a rectangular base; 2 - legs; 3 - rectangular design; 4 - internal transverse supports; 5 - external transverse supports; 6 - gas lift; 7 - the central crossbar; 8 - rectangular shield with lamellas; 9 - hydraulic cylinder reverse action; 10 - articulated lever mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors; 11 - linear guide; 12 - the main frame; 13 - throttle fine tuning; 14 - rectangular frames; 15 - visco-elastic polyurethane foam; 16 - synchronization mechanism; 17 - tee; 18 - a hose; 19-way valve; 20 - oil tank; 21 - heating elements; 22 - vibromotors; 23 - tensile speed controller; 24 - temperature controller; 25 - vibro massager regulator.

Claims (3)

1. The device for stretching the spine is made in the form of a single bed, characterized in that it consists of a rectangular base on which two pairs of legs are fixed to the right and left, forming internal and external pairs of legs, at an acute angle to the base; on each side, to the four legs from above, a rectangular structure is fixed connecting these four legs, forming a parallelogram mechanism with the possibility of spring-loaded movement, rectangular structures form two pairs of transverse supports, two internal and two external; on rectangular structures, rectangular frames are fixed on both sides, which are half smaller than rectangular structures, their length is located above the external legs, and their width reaches the projection on the rectangular structure of the middle of the distance between the external and internal legs; the upper part of the internal legs is connected by a gas elevator to the lower part of the external legs; parallelogram mechanisms are interconnected by a central crossbar, in which a hydraulic cylinder is built; in the center of the base there is a support on which a synchronization mechanism is fixed, connected to a reverse-acting hydraulic cylinder with a return mechanism, filled with hydraulic oil, the speed of the hydraulic cylinder rod is regulated by a fine-tuning throttle; internal transverse supports on top are connected on both sides by a linkage mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors; the upper part of these rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism is represented by a linear guide for moving the rollers; between the rectangular frames to the rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism, the main frame is installed, the lower part of the main frame is equipped with rollers for moving a linear guide along the counterparts of the rectangular structures of the parallelogram mechanism; the upper part of the main frame has linear guides; a rectangular shield with lamellas is installed on top of the main frame and rectangular frames, rollers are located on the lower part of the rectangular panel with lamellas to move along the counterpart of the main frame and rectangular frames of linear guides; from the bottom to the lamellas along the long sides of the rectangular shield are attached the central hinges of the articulated lever mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors; a viscoelastic polyurethane foam is installed on top of a rectangular shield with lamellas. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a heating device, represented by heating elements installed in the upper plane of the lamella, in the middle of the length of the lamella, between the lamellas and viscoelastic polyurethane foam. 3. The device according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that it is equipped with a device for vibration massage, represented by vibration motors mounted on the lower plane of the lamella, in the middle.

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