RU2705447C1 - Modular unloading unit for metal drums containing toxic reagent - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mechanical devices intended for preparation of solutions of specified concentration from solid toxic reagents (for example, sodium cyanide) supplied in metal containers. Dissolved reagents are used in hydrometallurgy. Modular drum re-installation comprises solution preparation tank, level gauge, pump, ball valves and valves with electric actuator, a frame, an unloading unit, an exhaust device for removal of toxic gases, a flow meter and a control system. Interface is in form of a mimic diagram of a real installation. Proposed unit comprises also electric hoist to lift drums to inclined platform with enclosing frame, shut-off barrier and empty drums removal mechanism. Unloading unit includes protective bell with sleeve, mast with engine and chain transmission for carriage movement, device for piercing of drums, consisting of tip and hollow rod. Cutting tip consists of flat blades rigidly fixed to each other and having a cruciform cross-section. On the axis of the cutting tip there is a washing head with nozzle openings. Hollow rod is rigidly fixed on carriage, which moves up and down along guide masts by means of electric motor with reduction gear and chain transmission. Unloading unit is equipped with pusher of pumped drums. Sampler is provided on the circulation line of the solution.

EFFECT: higher safety and efficiency.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical devices for the preparation of solutions of a given concentration of toxic toxic solid reagents (for example, sodium cyanide), supplied in a metal container. Dissolved reagents are used in the field of hydrometallurgy.

The prior art "Installation for removing material from a container by dissolving it" (US Pat. No. 2220081 Russian Federation, IPC BV 69/00, publ. 12/27/2003). The installation comprises a chamber, a nozzle connected to the pipeline and a circulation pump for pumping the solution. The camera has a neck with a mounting pad for the tank. A pointed nozzle is mounted in the neck, with the possibility of piercing a container in which the nozzle is located with the formation of a gap between it and the nozzle for draining the solution into the chamber. The indicated installation is inefficient and little mechanized, as a result, the proportion of manual labor increases, and when the container is pierced from below, part of the reagent (or solution) is delayed. In addition, the operator must manually remove the empty drum from under the needle, which is not safe.

The well-known "Installation for opening and emptying metal drums with toxic bulk products" (US Pat. No. 2201887 Russian Federation, IPC B65G 69/00, publ. 04/10/2003). The installation includes a drum feeding mechanism, a unloading chamber with an exhaust device, in which a rotary platform is located, containing a drum holding and turning device. There is a cutting head with a tip rigidly mounted in its center. The installation also contains a removable drive for cut bottoms, a estrus for emptied drums, a dust collection system with a wet scrubber and a scheme for dissolving product residues on an emptied container. The circuit contains an additional tank with a forced fluid circulation system, hermetically connected to a wet scrubber, estrus for empty barrels and a container for collecting product.

This installation has several disadvantages: the complexity of the design and unloading process, low productivity, dust formation.

The well-known "Installation for opening and emptying metal drums with reagent" (US Pat. No. 2399566 Russian Federation, IPC BV 69/00, publ. 09/20/2010). The installation comprises a washout chamber with loading and unloading hatches, incorporating a device for forcibly moving drums, washout heads with multidirectional nozzles, and a choking unit. The installation also contains a mechanism for cutting and removing the bottoms of the drums, which includes a carriage, roller knives arranged uniformly around the circumference of the disk, and an electromagnetic puller of the cut out bottoms of the drums mounted along the axis of symmetry of the disk. The device for the forced movement of the drums is equipped with a frame with supporting slots for the drums and a transport trolley. The transport trolley is made with a vertically movable platform having a supporting slot for the drum. The transport trolley is made with the possibility of reciprocating movement with the movement of the drum above the frame in one direction and return under the frame, without a drum, in the other. The transport trolley is connected to the rod of the newly introduced hydraulic actuator mounted on the housing of the wash chamber, and its movable platform is equipped with articulated rods connected to the rod of the newly introduced hydraulic actuator mounted on the transport trolley. The trolley closest to the unloading hatch is additionally equipped with a pusher connected to the articulated rods of the platform with the possibility of a vertically inclined position of the pusher with the platform raised. The height of the pusher is selected less than the height at which the axis of the removed drum is located. When the platform is lowered, the height of the pusher is chosen less than the height of the lower part of the surface of the drum in the support socket on the frame. Each of the erosion heads is mounted on an individual hydraulic actuator stem.

This device is close to the task at hand. However, it has several disadvantages: the installation is difficult to manufacture and operate; there is no exhaust system, which is unsafe when working with toxic substances; the installation does not provide complete collection of the product when opening and emptying metal drums in which the reagent is additionally packed in a protective film. In addition, the device does not contain a consumable capacity and does not provide work on working solutions, therefore, it is difficult to determine and control the final concentration of the prepared reagents.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is "Installation for unloading drums with toxic material" (US Pat. No. 22759 Republic of Kazakhstan, IPC B65G 69/00, publ. 16.08.2010). Installation for unloading drums with toxic material includes two modules: the lower and upper, which are joined during installation. The installation includes a pump, a solution preparation tank, a rotary carousel, a level gauge, a unloading unit with a suction and toxic gas removal system, a mast for moving the working body, a hydraulic console and an electric console. The working body moves up and down the guide with the help of electric hoists, which includes a bell with a guide tube and a needle with a load.

The disadvantages of this installation is its low productivity, due to the fact that loading and removing drums from the rotary carousel is carried out manually by the operator. In addition, due to the piercing of vertically arranged drums with a hoist with a load, the mass and height of the unloading unit are increased.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed invention is aimed at ensuring the safe operation of the operator, increasing mobility and productivity, simplifying the design of the unloading drum system, reducing manual labor by mechanizing and automating the unloading process.

This is achieved by the fact that, in contrast to the known technical solution, the modular installation is equipped with a control system, the interface of which is made in the form of a mimic diagram of the real installation, the platform for installing the drums is inclined, while the drums are lifted with electric hoist and placed horizontally, the platform is equipped with a cut-off barrier, enclosing the frame and the mechanism for removing emptied drums, the piping system is equipped with electrovalves, and the device for piercing the drums is made in the form of a spear, consisting of a tip and a hollow rod, and the tip is made in the form of flat knives rigidly fixed to each other, having a cross-section in cross section, on the axis of the tip there is a washout head with nozzle holes, the hollow rod is rigidly fixed with a carriage that moves up and down guides using an electric motor with gearbox and chain transmission, the unit is additionally equipped with a check valve, a sampler and a flow meter.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the proposed installation, in FIG. 2 shows the unloading unit; FIG. 3 - cutting tip spear.

The modular unit for unloading drums containing toxic reagent consists of two modules that are joined during installation, includes a solution preparation tank 1, a level gauge 2, a pump 3, ball valves 4 and valves 5 with an electric actuator, a frame 6, a unloading unit 7, an exhaust device to remove toxic gases 8, a flow meter 9, a control system (not shown). The control system interface is designed as a mimic diagram of a real installation. The drums 10 are lifted by an electric hoist 11 and placed horizontally on an inclined platform 12, which includes a enclosing frame 13, a cut-off barrier 14 and a removal mechanism (pusher) 15 of emptied drums. The unloading unit includes a protective bell 16 with a sleeve 17, a mast 18 with an engine 19 and a chain gear 20 for moving the carriage 21, a hollow rod 22, at the end of which a cutting tip 23 is fixed using a threaded connection. The cutting tip 23 consists of flat knives 24, rigidly fixed to each other, having a cross-section in cross section. An erosion head 25 with nozzle holes 26 is located on the axis of the cutting tip. The hollow stem 22 with the cutting tip is rigidly fixed with a carriage 21, which moves up and down the guides of the mast 27 using an electric motor 19. The installation contains a piping system with electrovalves 5 that are duplicated by ball valves taps 4. A check valve 28 is provided to prevent dissolved reagent from entering the water supply line. The control of executive mechanisms is carried out by automation based on microcontrollers. The piping system provides work in several modes: water supply to the spear; feeding the solution into the spear; solution circulation; pumping of the dissolved reagent. A sampler 29 is provided on the circulation line of the solution.

Installation works as follows. Before starting the process of unloading, the tank 1 is filled with water (1 / 3-2 / 3 volume). The unpacked drum 10 is lifted onto an inclined platform 12 using an electric hoist 11, where its movement is limited by a cut-off barrier 14. Turn on the ventilation 8 and raise the spear with a protective bell 16 to its highest position. The cut-off barrier 14 is released and the drum 10 is fed to the unloading unit 7. The unpacked drum 10 is covered with a bell 16 and the water or solution is turned on in the spear, which is lowered to its lowest position and the drum 10 is pierced through. After piercing, the spear is lifted up, leaving the cutting tip 23 inside the drum 10. The blurring process is carried out for about 2 minutes. Then wash the drum 10 with water and switch the solution flow to bypass (circulation). When the flow is switched to bypass, the reagent dissolves in the container 1. The spear with the protective bell 16 is raised to the upper position and, using the pusher 15, the emptied drum 10 is thrown into the container for neutralization. If necessary, during the washing of the drum, the full drum 10 is lifted onto the inclined platform 12. After unpacking the required number of drums 10, the bypass is turned on for 10-15 minutes to completely dissolve the reagent. At the end of the cycle, a sample of the solution is taken and the concentration of the dissolved reagent is determined. Then the solution is pumped into the supply tank and the volume is fixed. The unloading cycle, if necessary, is repeated.

This installation has a simple design, easy to use and does not require significant labor costs, it also consists of two modules that are joined during installation, each module has compact overall dimensions and fits easily for transportation in freight wagons. Labor costs are reduced due to mechanization and automation of the unloading process, which increases safety and productivity.

Claims (2)

1. Installation for unloading metal drums with toxic reagents, including the unloading unit with an exhaust device, a platform for installing drums, a level gauge, a working body made in the form of a bell with a device for piercing drums, the capacity for preparing a solution of a given concentration with a piping system equipped with a switch fluid flow, characterized in that the installation is equipped with a control system, the interface of which is made in the form of a mimic of the installation, the platform for the drums are inclined, while the drums are lifted with electric hoist and placed horizontally, the platform is equipped with a cut-off barrier, a protecting frame and a mechanism for removing emptied drums, the piping system is equipped with electrovalves, and the drum piercing device is made in the form of a spear consisting of a tip and a hollow rod, moreover, the tip is made in the form of flat knives rigidly fixed to each other, having a cross-section in cross section, on the axis of the tip wife razmyvnaya head with nozzle openings, a hollow rod rigidly secured to a carriage which moves up and down along the guide by a motor with gear and chain transmission. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the piping system is equipped with a check valve, a sampler and a flow meter.

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