RU2702621C1 - Device for vortex grinding of mixed nuclear fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: nuclear engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to nuclear engineering. Proposed device comprises vortex layer device ABC-150 with inductor, oscillation mechanism, container with titanium cup with rollers and separator arranged in barrel and container displacement drive. A shell placed in the inductor is attached to the vibration mechanism bottom. Inductor and sleeve of oscillation mechanism arranged therein are mounted at an angle α to oscillation mechanism vertical axis. In the vibration mechanism housing a post is installed on shafts in bearing supports, which is connected to a drive providing the turn of the post by an angle α. Suspension with drive of displacement is installed on post. In the suspension the container is installed and fixed at the vertical position of the post. After turning the post by an angle α titanium container barrel is inserted into sleeve of oscillation mechanism arranged in inductor. Angle α is determined depending on volume of rollers loaded into container and mixture of powders, based on condition of absence of interaction of rollers in vortex layer with container separator.

EFFECT: invention increases efficiency of vortex grinding due to reduction of powder falling out of the vortex layer and reduced volume of rollers.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to nuclear engineering, in particular to means for producing homogeneous nuclear fuel from a mixture of uranium and plutonium dioxides.

A known method of vortex grinding and mixing, shown in the patent of Russian Federation No. 2122247, G21C 21/00, in which the mixing of the components is carried out in the working volume of the mixer, filled with 50-70% mixture of uranium and plutonium dioxides and magnetic needles (ferromagnetic grinding elements) mass, equal to not more than half the value of the critical load. Next, an alternating magnetic field is excited in the winding of the electromagnetic mixer (inductor), driving the ferromagnetic elements forming a vortex layer, which provides mixing and grinding of the components.

The critical load of the ferromagnetic elements is determined by the formula, as the product of the criticality coefficient, the volume of the working zone of the glass and the density of the ferromagnetic elements. The critical load determined by the above formula is 300 g. And for high-quality mixing in a known manner, it is recommended to use 100-150 g.

Also known is the device of the vortex layer ABC-150 (https://avs.globecore.ru/products/avs-150.html), consisting of a housing located in the housing of the inductor of a rotating electromagnetic field, a protective sleeve with a bore, a working chamber (pipeline) from non-magnetic material placed inside the bore, and ferromagnetic elements. In the working chamber cylindrical ferromagnetic elements are placed with a diameter of 0.5-5 mm and a length of 5-60 mm in an amount from several tens to several hundred pieces (0.05-5 kg), depending on the volume of the working area of the apparatus.

By rotating the electromagnetic field, the ferromagnetic elements are driven in the working area and create the so-called vortex layer, in which the mixture of powders is ground and mixed.

Known used in the manufacture of tablets with mixed nuclear fuel (hereinafter referred to as fuel) for the operation of mixing uranium and plutonium dioxide at the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Mining and Chemical Combine” is a vortex grinding installation made according to project A.48.156.000 developed by OJSC SverdNIIkhimmash, g . Yekaterinburg.

The known installation comprises a weight box integrated in a looped conveyor line with automatic control, load boxes, weight box, vortex grinding device, cooling box and discharge box. The installation also includes containers into which components of mixed nuclear fuel are loaded. Between all the boxes, including the vortex grinding device, longitudinal and transverse conveyors are installed, enclosed in housings that connect to the boxes on flanged joints, and serve to transfer containers from one box to an adjacent box. Boxes are listed in the order the container passes through them, starting from the weight box and ending with the unloading box. The working position of the containers in the conveyors and boxes is vertical.

The known installation uses containers containing a cylindrical titanium glass, in the upper part of which there is a square platform, a mesh separator and a ball valve. On the side faces of the platform, grooves are made to engage the container with conveyors. Grinding elements made of ferromagnetic steel are loaded into the glass. As grinding elements, standard rollers from bearing steel ШХ-15 are used (hereinafter referred to as rollers). Mesh separator does not allow rollers to get enough sleep when unloading powder.

The vortex grinding device used in the known installation consists of an oscillation mechanism and an automatic vortex mixer (vortex layer apparatus ABC-150). The oscillation mechanism is a housing joined by its ends with longitudinal conveyors. A glass is attached to the bottom of the body, and on top is a lid on which a drive for moving a container mounted on a traverse is mounted. The oscillation mechanism is installed above the vortex layer apparatus ABC-150, (hereinafter referred to as ABC-150) so that the oscillation mechanism cup enters the bore of the protective sleeve of the ABC-150 inductor. The working position of the container in the inductor is vertical.

The known device of the vortex grinding works as follows. After loading the components of the fuel, waking up in a titanium glass through the separator, and weighing the container, the conveyor is transferred to the oscillation mechanism and mounted on the beam. With the drive of movement, the container is lowered with the introduction of its titanium glass into the glass of the oscillation mechanism. When the ABC-150 inductor is turned on, its rotating electromagnetic field magnetizes the rollers and drives them into rotation. The rotating rollers create a vortex layer in a titanium glass in which the mixture of powders is ground and homogenized. To grind and homogenize the entire volume of the powder mixture with the help of a displacement drive, the container makes a reciprocating movement inside the glass of the oscillation mechanism, moving relative to the bore of the protective sleeve of the inductor and, accordingly, relative to its electromagnetic field. As a result of this movement, the rotating rollers are moved along the height of the powder container poured into the titanium glass and the whole volume of powder is crushed and mixed in the container. During grinding and homogenization, the container is heated from eddy currents and friction of the powder and rollers on the walls of the titanium glass of the container, so the container is then transferred to the cooling box by the conveyor.

The known device is selected by the applicant as a prototype.

Obtained during the pilot operation of the known device vortex grinding data showed a complete discrepancy with the data given in the description of the known method according to patent No. 2122247. So, to obtain the required grinding of the powder mixture, the loading of the rollers and the powder mixture was 0.75 and 1 kg, respectively. Obviously, the results shown in this patent apply only to vortex grinding with the horizontal position of the glass shown in FIG. 1 descriptions of the known method. With the vertical position of the glass in the known device, the vortex grinding efficiency drops sharply due to the precipitation of powder particles from the vortex layer to the bottom of the glass, and the rollers, colliding with the bottom of the glass, compact the powder layer at the bottom. Raising the glass from the working area in order to place the rollers in the bottom layer of the powder, leads to an increase in the concentration of the rollers in the working area and their stop.

The increased volume of the rollers loaded into the container glass leads to an increase in the cooling time of the containers after the vortex grinding, which reduces the productivity of the known installation.

The presence of a mesh separator in the container makes it impossible to carry out vortex grinding at the horizontal position of the container, since at the very beginning of the vortex grinding a part of the still unmilled powder mixture will pass through the separator and remain between the separator and the container crane, without being subjected to further vortex grinding or mixing, and at unloading mixes with crushed powder.

Obviously, the deviation of the container from the vertical axis during vortex grinding increases the efficiency of grinding and mixing due to the fact that the precipitation of powder from the vortex layer in a glass located at an angle to the vertical will decrease depending on the angle of inclination compared to the vertical location of the glass.

The present invention is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the efficiency of the vortex grinding by reducing the powder falling out of the vortex layer and reducing the volume of the rollers.

To achieve the named technical result in the proposed device, comprising an ABC-150 vortex layer apparatus with an inductor and an oscillation mechanism with a housing docked with longitudinal conveyors, and to the bottom of which there is a glass placed in the inductor, a container with a separator and with a titanium glass placed in with rollers and a drive for moving the container, the inductor and the glass of the oscillation mechanism placed in it are mounted at an angle α to the vertical axis of the oscillation mechanism.

In the housing of the oscillation mechanism, a rack is mounted on the shafts in the bearing bearings, and the shaft of one of the bearing bearings is connected to a drive that rotates the rack through an angle α.

Guides are attached to the rack on which the suspension is mounted, the movement drive of which is attached to the rack, and the drive carriage is attached to the suspension.

The suspension is made with the possibility of installing and fixing the container in it with the rack upright, and after the rack is rotated through an angle α, the titanium glass of the container fixed in the suspension is inserted into the glass of the oscillation mechanism located in the inductor.

The angle α is determined depending on the volume of the rollers loaded into the container and the powder mixture, based on the condition of the absence of interaction of the rollers in the vortex layer with the container separator.

In the particular case of execution, the angle α is taken equal to 45 °.

In another particular case of execution, a drive is installed on the suspension, on the rod of which a bar is installed with the possibility of interaction with the upper end of the container installed in the suspension.

Mounting the inductor and the oscillation mechanism cup placed at an angle α to the vertical axis of the oscillation mechanism allows you to install the container titanium cup into the oscillation mechanism cup at the same angle and make it easier to lift the mixed powder along the inclined cylindrical surface of the mixed powder cup compared to the vertical position of the titanium cup, reduce the precipitation of powder particles under the action of gravity from the vortex layer to the bottom of the glass and, thereby, increase the efficiency of the vortex size ol.

Installing the rack in the housing of the oscillation mechanism on the shafts in the bearings and connecting the shaft of one of the bearings with a drive that rotates the rack at an angle α allows the conveyor to install a vertically located container, and then rotate the rack at an angle α together with the suspension attached to it and a container installed in it and combine the central axes of the titanium glass of the container and the glass of the housing of the oscillation mechanism, creating the possibility of introducing a titanium glass into the container and a glass oscillation mechanism.

Attaching the rails to the rack and installing the suspension on them, attaching the suspension movement drive to the rack, and the drive carriage to the suspension allow for the reciprocating movement of the suspension along the rack, and when installed in the suspension, the container.

Performing the suspension with the possibility of installing and fixing the container in it with the rack upright allows the conveyor to enter the container into the inventive box through the opening, install it in the suspension and fix it in it, and also remove the container from the suspension after removing the fixation by the conveyor.

Performing the suspension with the possibility, after turning the rack at an angle α, of introducing the titanium glass of the container fixed in the suspension into the glass of the oscillation mechanism located in the inductor, allows you to place the titanium glass of the container with the rollers and the mixture of powders loaded into the zone of action of the electromagnetic field of the inductor, which, in turn, it allows to reduce the precipitation of powder particles under the action of gravity from the vortex layer to the bottom of the glass and, thereby, increase the efficiency of vortex grinding.

The determination of the angle α, based on the condition of the absence of interaction of the rollers in the vortex layer with the separator, allows not only to prevent wear of the separator mesh during operation, but also to reduce the volume of rollers loaded into the container and, thereby, reduce the cooling time of the container after the vortex grinding operation.

The adoption of the angle α equal to 45 ° allows you to constructively combine the inventive device with the conveyors of the installation of vortex grinding.

Installing the drive on the suspension, on the rod of which a bar is installed with the possibility of interaction with the upper end of the container installed in the suspension, allows the container to be fixed in the suspension by pressing the bar after installing the container in the suspension by sliding the drive rod, making it possible to rotate and move it together with the suspension.

The inventive device is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1 - FIG. 5.

In FIG. 1 shows the inventive device when loading and unloading a container, in section;

in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one;

in FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. 2;

in FIG. 4 - the device when the container is rotated by 45 °, in the context;

in FIG. 5 - the device with the introduction of the container glass into the glass of the oscillation mechanism, in a section.

The device consists (Fig. 1-5) of the apparatus 1 of the vortex layer ABC-150 with the inductor 2 and the oscillation mechanism 3 with the housing 4, docked with the longitudinal conveyors 5, and to the bottom 6 of which is attached a glass 7, placed in the inductor 2, of the container 8 with a titanium glass 9 loaded with rollers 10. The inductor 2 and the glass 7 placed therein 7 of the oscillation mechanism 3 are mounted at an angle of 45 °.

In the housing 4 is installed (Fig. 3) on the shafts 11 in the bearing bearings 12 of the rack 13, and the shaft 11 of one of the bearing bearings 12 is connected to the drive 14, providing rotation of the rack 13 by an angle of 45 °. Guides 15 are attached to the rack 13, on which the suspension 16 is mounted with a possibility of movement, the drive 17 of which is attached to the rack 13, and the carriage 18 of the drive 17 is attached to the suspension 16. The suspension 16 is equipped with stops 19, on which the container 8 is installed container 8 with vertical the position of the rack 13. A drive 20 is mounted on the suspension 16, on the rod 21 of which a strap 22 is mounted, which interacts with the upper end of the container 8 installed in the suspension 16 and equipped with a separator 23.

The inventive device is used as follows.

The volumes of the rollers 10 loaded into the titanium cup and the powder mixture are determined empirically, on the basis of the absence of interaction of the rollers 10 in the vortex layer with the separator 23 of the container 8. The container 8 loaded with the powder mixture is installed by the conveyor 5 into the suspension 16 on the stops 19 and then by the drive 20 it is fixed in the suspension 16 by pressing the strap 22 against the upper end of the container 8. Turning on the drive 14 rotates the shaft 11 connected to it 11 and the rack 13 with the suspension 16 connected to it and the container fixed in the suspension m 8. Next, with the drive 17, the suspension 16 with the container 8 fixed on it moves along the guides 15 on the rack 13, introducing the titanium glass 9 of the container 8 into the glass 7 of the oscillation mechanism 3, located in the inductor 2. When the inductor 2 is turned on, its rotating electromagnetic field magnetizes the rollers 10, and drives them into rotation. The rotating rollers 10 create a vortex layer in the titanium glass 9, in which the mixture of powders is ground and homogenized. To grind and homogenize the entire volume of the powder mixture using the drive 17 for moving the suspension 16, the container 8 makes a reciprocating movement inside the glass 7 of the oscillation mechanism 3, moving relative to the electromagnetic field of the inductor 2. As a result of this movement, the rotating rollers 10 are moved along the height of the filled in titanium a glass 9 of a container 8 of powder and grinding and mixing the entire volume of powder.

Claims (3)

1. A vortex grinding device for mixed nuclear fuel, comprising an ABC-150 vortex layer apparatus with an inductor and an oscillation mechanism with a housing docked with longitudinal conveyors, to the bottom of which a glass is placed, mounted in the inductor, a container with a titanium glass with rollers and a separator placed in the glass , a drive for moving the container, characterized in that the inductor and the glass of the oscillation mechanism located therein are mounted at an angle α to the vertical axis of the oscillation mechanism, The shaft is mounted on shafts in the bearings of the rack, the shaft of one of the bearings being connected to a drive that rotates the rack through an angle α, guides are attached to the rack on which a suspension is mounted, the drive of which is attached to the rack, and the drive carriage is attached to the suspension, suspension made with the possibility of installing and fixing the container in it with the rack upright, and after the rack is rotated through an angle α, the titanium glass of the container fixed in the suspension is inserted into the glass of the oscillation mechanism, a first inductor, and the angle α is determined depending on the volume of rolls loaded into the container and powder mixture from the condition of absence of interaction of the rollers in a fluidized bed with a separator container. 2. The vortex grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle α is 45 °. 3. The vortex grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive is mounted on the suspension, the rod of which has a bar with the possibility of interaction with the upper end of the container installed in the suspension.

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