RU2702526C1 - Pipe rolling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal forming, particularly, to inner roller rolling of thin-wall pipes with wall thinning. Machine comprises coaxially installed matrix with crimping and calibrating sections, rolling head with deforming rollers, fixed on rotating mandrel with possibility of diametrical adjustment of rollers position, with drive in form of spindle head with controlled rotation drive and longitudinal movement, pusher installed on hydraulic cylinder rod with adjustable speed of movement, which are arranged on bed with flat guides with possibility of their adjustment and fixation in axial and transverse directions. In the matrix there is lead section with diameter of 5–6 mm which is larger than outer nominal diameter of pipe, crimping section behind it is made in form of conical surface with angle of cone generatrix of not more than 10° and cylindrical with diameter less than outer nominal diameter of pipe by 1.0–1.5 mm, calibrating section after crimping has diameter equal to external nominal diameter of pipe. Pusher is made in the form of a disc, on end part of which at first there is a lead conical section, behind it cylindrical diameter equal to inner diameter of pipe, and end with pins in number of at least two with outer surface is less than outer diameter of pipe by 1.0–1.5 mm, wherein pusher is mounted on post supported by two rollers on flat guide plates, and post is attached to end of hydraulic cylinder rod.

EFFECT: higher reliability and convenience during maintenance and operation.

6 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metal forming, and in particular to the design of devices acting on a thin-walled pipe with rollers from the inner surface to effect plastic deformation.

A device for profiling pipes containing a cylindrical body with radial slots, profiling rollers installed in these slots with the possibility of free rotation, as well as the mechanism of information and breeding rollers (RF patent No. 2339479, IPC B21D15 / 04, B21H 3/08, 29.03. 2007).

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not allow rolling pipes with thinning of the wall.

Known rolling devices of various designs for large holes, used on various machines to improve the quality of the holes (Handbook of a technologist and machine builder in 2 volumes C74T2 / Edited by A.G. Kosilova and R.K. Meshcheryakova - 4th ed. , revised and add. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1986, 388 pp., ill.).

The disadvantage of these devices is that they cannot be used for rolling pipes with thinning of the wall.

A device is known for internal rolling of pipes with thinning of the wall, containing a rotating mandrel at the end of which there is a rolling head with deforming rollers located in the matrix, a device for pushing the pipe into the matrix (patent SU 421387 A1, B21B 19 / C4, 03.30.1974).

The disadvantages of this device are:

- the complexity of the design due to the large number of nodes and mechanisms;

- low reliability due to the large number of bearing units and hydraulic cylinders;

- difficulty in maintenance, etc.

The area of application of the device declared by the authors is very doubtful - the production of pipes and shells with a diameter of 500-3000 mm and a length of up to 10 m.

As a prototype, a device has been adopted for internal rolling of pipes with thinning of the wall (a.s. No. 400388 A1, B21B 19/14, 01/01/1973). The device comprises a coaxially mounted matrix with crimp and gauge sections, a roll head with deforming rollers, mounted on a rotating mandrel with the possibility of diametrical adjustment of the position of the rollers, a pipe pusher.

The main disadvantages of this device are:

- the complexity of the design of the rolling head (an annular cage, hydraulic cylinders, a copying device, sliders, oil supplies to the hydraulic cylinders are placed inside it);

- lack of reliability due to the complexity of the design of the head and possible oil leaks from the hydraulic cylinders through seals);

- limited technological capabilities associated with the fact that with such a design of the rolling head and deforming rollers, the thinning of the pipe wall cannot be large;

- difficult maintenance and operation of the device. To implement this device in industry is very

difficult, since, for example, the issues of supplying the pipe to the matrix and receiving it from the matrix, etc., have not been resolved.

The technical task of the invention is the creation of a machine for rolling pipes with high reliability, enhanced amenities for maintenance and operation, with wide technological capabilities, providing high-quality products.

The problem is solved by the fact that a coaxially mounted matrix with a lead-in, crimp and gauge sections, a hollow mandrel with a roll head on the drive in the form of a spindle head with adjustable rotation drives and

longitudinal movement and the pusher mounted on the rod of the hydraulic cylinder with an adjustable speed of movement, are placed on the frame with flat guides with the possibility of regulation and fixing in axial and longitudinal directions

The presence of flat guides on the machine bed facilitates maintenance and operation of the machine. This is explained by the presence of a common base for the machine nodes (matrix, hollow mandrel with a roll head on the drive in the form of a spindle head, pusher on the hydraulic cylinder rod), the ability to adjust and fix them on rails in the transverse and axial directions.

Adjusting the position of the machine nodes on flat guides in the transverse direction (for example, wedge devices) with subsequent locking ensures their coaxial installation on the machine.

Adjusting the position of the machine nodes on flat guides in the longitudinal direction with their subsequent locking makes it possible to produce pipes of various lengths on the machine. This extends the technological capabilities of the machine.

The problem is solved by the design of the matrix, the pusher and the rolling head.

In the matrix, in front of the crimping and calibrating sections, a lead-in section with a diameter of 5-6 mm larger than the outer nominal diameter of the pipe is placed, the crimp section is made in the form of a conical surface with a cone angle of not more than 10 ° and cylindrical with a diameter less than 1.0 of the outer nominal diameter of the pipe -1.5 mm, and the calibrating section has a diameter equal to the outer nominal diameter of the pipe.

The pusher is made in the form of a disk, at the end of which there is initially a lead-in conical section, followed by a cylindrical diameter equal to the inner diameter of the pipe, and a face with spikes in an amount of at least two, with a diameter of the outer surface of the disk less than the outer

the diameter of the pipe is 1.0-1.5 mm, while the pusher is mounted on a stand, supported by two rollers on a flat guide frame.

The pusher is mounted on the rod of the hydraulic cylinder with the ability to control the speed of movement.

The rolling head is mounted on the end of the rotating mandrel, equipped with three deforming rollers located on the axes at an angle of 120 ° in the head housing, the hollow mandrel is connected to the spindle of the headstock, which has a spindle rotation drive and a headstock movement drive in the longitudinal direction in the form of a screw pair, on with a hollow mandrel with the possibility of free movement, a receiving sleeve is installed, a device for adjusting the position of the rollers is made in the form of a cylinder placed in the case of the rolling head, with three inclined with the surfaces in contact with the support rollers of the deforming rollers, the cylinder is connected to a thrust, the end of which extends beyond the headstock spindle and is provided with a thread on which the adjusting nut is located.

In this case, the matrix, the pusher, the rolling head, the receiving sleeve can be interchangeable.

The possibility of changing the matrix, pusher, rolling head and receiving sleeve expands the technological capabilities of the machine.

The ability to control the speed of the pusher and the speed of rotation of the mandrel with a roll head allows you to change the modes of rolling, to reach optimal modes, which also extends the technological capabilities of the machine.

High reliability of the machine is achieved by a minimum number of nodes, their rigidity (for example, a massive bed, cast).

The high quality of the pipe after rolling (increased accuracy of size, shape) is achieved by using the proposed rolling scheme and matrix design.

The reduction in pipe curvature after rolling caused by the difference in the initial pipe is provided by a receiving sleeve on a hollow mandrel, which fixes the outgoing end of the pipe.

The presence of spikes on the end of the pusher while supporting its body on the guides of the machine, as well as the crimp section in the matrix, prevents the pipe from turning during its rolling, which positively affects the quality of the rolled pipe.

The technological capabilities of the machine are also expanding due to the fact that with constant matrix sizes, pipes with various degrees of deformation can be rolled out, as well as pipes with a variable wall thickness.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

- in FIG. 1 - general view of the machine;

- in FIG. 2 - matrix;

- in FIG. 3 - pusher;

- in FIG. 4 - rolling head;

- in FIG. 5 - the process of pipe deformation.

In FIG. 1, the matrix 2 is fixedly mounted on the flat guides (not shown conventionally) of the bed 1, the pusher 3 of the pipe 11 is mounted on the left in the matrix 2 with a movement drive in the form of a hydraulic cylinder 4 with a hydraulic station 5, on the right is a headstock 6 with a displacement drive in the form of a screw pair 7 and a spindle rotation drive (conventionally not shown). A hollow mandrel 8 is fixed on the spindle of the headstock 6, a receiving sleeve 9 is placed on it with the possibility of free movement, a rolling head 10 with three deforming rollers is installed on the end of the hollow mandrel. All nodes of the machine are equipped with devices for regulating and fixing their position on the flat guides of the bed in the axial and transverse directions (not shown conditionally). The pipe 11 before rolling starts placed between the pusher 3 and the matrix 2.

In FIG. 2, the matrix has a cylindrical entry section 12 with a diameter of 5-6 mm larger than the outer nominal diameter of the pipe, a crimped section 13 in the form of a conical surface with a cone forming angle of not more than 10 ° and cylindrical with a diameter less than the outer nominal pipe diameter by 1.0-1, 5 mm, calibrating section 14 with a diameter equal to the outer nominal diameter of the pipe.

In FIG. 3, the pusher is made in the form of a disk 15, mounted on a rack 16, supported by two rollers 17 on a flat guide frame. The pusher is mounted on the end of the cylinder rod.

On the disk 15 is made an entry conical section 18, cylindrical 19 with a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the pipe, end 20 with spikes 21 in an amount of at least two. The diameter of the outer surface of the disk is less than the outer diameter of the pipe by 1.0-1.5 mm.

In FIG. 4, a rolling head with a device for adjusting the position of the rollers comprises a housing 22 mounted at the end of a rotating hollow mandrel. In the corresponding cutouts of the housing, made at an angle of 120 °, the deformation rollers 24 are freely rotatable on the axes 23. The left ends of the axles 23 are pivotally connected to the housing 22, the right ends are provided with struts 25 with support rollers 26, which contact with inclined surfaces made under angle of 120 ° on the cylinder 27, placed in the axial bore of the housing 22.

The cylinder 27 is connected to a rod 28 passing through a hollow mandrel and a headstock spindle 29 having a threaded end.

At the end of the spindle there is an adjusting nut 30 in contact with the threaded end of the rod 28. When the nut 30 is turned in one direction or another, the rod 28 and cylinder 27 begin to move in one direction or another. In this case, the inclined surfaces on the cylinder 27 interact with the support rollers 26 of the deforming rollers 24, and the diameter of the rolling D changes due to information or breeding

deforming rollers 24. The diameter D is finally adjusted by changing the size L.

For guaranteed reduction of the deforming rollers 24, the end parts of their axes are covered by a common rubber ring (not shown conditionally).

In FIG. 5 shows the process of pipe deformation (conditional image).

The rolling pipe on the machine is as follows (Fig. 1).

In the initial position, the pusher 3 is in the extreme left position, the headstock 6 with the hollow mandrel 8 and the pivoting head 10 is in the extreme right position.

The pipe 11 is installed between the matrix 2 and the pusher 3 on a special easily removable stand (not shown conditionally) coaxially with the matrix and the pusher.

Using the pusher 3, the pipe 11 is fed into the inlet portion of the matrix 2, while the pipe 11 is reliably held on the axis by the pusher 3 and the matrix 2. The stand is removed.

Move (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) the headstock 6 with the hollow mandrel 8 and the slider 10 to the left so that the deforming rollers 24 of the slider 10 are in the matrix 2 in the calibration section 14.

The rotation of the hollow mandrel 8 is turned on, and then the pusher 3 starts feeding the pipe 11 into the matrix 2.

In this case, the pipe 11 is first deformed by the conical part, and then calibrated by the cylindrical part of the crimp section 13 with the complete elimination of the non-circularity of the pipe. Then the pipe 11 enters the gage section 14 of the matrix 2 and rolls with deforming rollers 24 with thinning of the wall.

At the moment when the rolled pipe 31 (Fig. 5) starts to exit the matrix, the receiving sleeve 9 fixes its end by moving the sleeve 9 towards the output pipe 31.

The receiving sleeve 9 is made using a liner of antifriction material in contact with the outer surface of the hollow mandrel 8. The outer surface of the hollow mandrel 8 has accurate dimensions and a small surface roughness.

Therefore, the receiving sleeve 9 easily moves along the hollow mandrel 8 along it and can be easily manually stopped from rotation.

The rotation of the pipe 11 in the matrix 2 during its rolling out is excluded due to, firstly, the friction forces between the pipe 11 and the matrix 2 on the crimp section 13, and secondly, due to the fixing of the pipe 11 by the spikes 21 on the disk 15 of the pusher 3, which through the rollers 17 relies on a flat guide bed.

The process of deformation of the pipe 11 is carried out until the disk 15 of the pusher 3 is in the zone of the cylindrical surface of the crimp section 13 of the matrix 2 and approaches the minimum possible distance to the rolling head 10.

Then the rotation of the hollow mandrel 8 is stopped. The deforming rollers 24 are reduced to the center. Take out the rolling head 10 outside the matrix 2 for a small distance.

The pusher 3 pushes the non-rolled end of the pipe 11 beyond the limits of the matrix 2. At the same time, a small non-rolled section is obtained on the rolled pipe 31.

Then the headstock 6 is moved to the extreme right position. The rolled pipe 31 with an undeveloped portion will be located on the hollow mandrel 8, resting on the receiving sleeve 9 and the deforming rollers 24. After that, it can be removed from the hollow mandrel 8.

Pusher 3 is returned to the leftmost position. The machine is ready for the next pipe rolling cycle.

The rolling machine of the proposed design is used at one of the enterprises of Izhevsk.

The machine allows you to thin the wall and improve the quality of hot-pressed pipes from aluminum alloy 6061 according to ASTM B 221-05a (AD33 GOST 4784-97). The source pipes, for example, with an outer diameter of 300 and 370 mm, are supplied with an outer diameter tolerance of ± 1.6 mm, a wall thickness of 7 and 8 mm with a tolerance of ± 0.6 mm, the non-circularity of the pipes does not exceed the outer outer limits diameter.

After rolling the pipe on the machine in a cold state while maintaining the original diameters of 300 and 370 mm, pipes with a length of up to 2300 mm are obtained with a tolerance of ± 0.6 mm, with a wall thickness of 5.5 and 6.0 with a tolerance of +0.5 mm.

The quality of the outer surface of the pipe corresponds to the quality of the surface of the matrix in the calibration section. The quality of the inner surface is determined by the amount of movement of the pipe by one revolution of the hollow mandrel (feed). A sufficiently high-quality surface that meets the requirements of the design documentation for the product is obtained by feeding 2-4 mm per revolution of the hollow mandrel. The feed is regulated by throttling the volume of fluid supplied to the pusher hydraulic cylinder.

Since the pipe deformation on the machine is carried out in a cold state, the resulting metal structure provides a 5-7% increase in the strength and plastic properties of the product after subsequent heat treatment (hardening + artificial aging).

Rolled pipes are used for the manufacture of liners for metal composite cylinders. Moreover, due to the fact that the supplier of pipes does not have the ability to hot-press to produce pipes with a diameter of 300 and 370 mm with wall thicknesses of 5.5 and 6.0 mm, the use of the proposed machine for rolling pipes ultimately also reduces the cost of expensive metal, weight liners and, consequently, the mass of cylinders, increase the reliability of products.

Claims (6)

1. Machine for rolling pipes, comprising a coaxially mounted die with crimp and gauge sections, a rolling head with deforming rollers mounted on a rotating hollow mandrel with the possibility of diametric adjustment of the position of the rollers, and a pipe pusher, characterized in that the matrix, a hollow mandrel with a rolling head on the drive in the form of a headstock with adjustable drives for rotation and longitudinal movement and a pusher mounted on the rod of the hydraulic cylinder with an adjustable speed of movement, placed on tannin with flat guides with the possibility of their regulation and fixing in the axial and transverse directions, while in the matrix in front of the crimping and calibrating sections, a lead-in section with a diameter of 5-6 mm larger than the outer nominal diameter of the pipe is made, while the crimp section is made in the form of a conical surface with the angle of the generatrix of the cone is not more than 10 ° and a cylindrical surface with a diameter that is less than the outer diameter of the pipe by 1.0-1.5 mm, and the calibrating section is made with a diameter equal to the nominal diameter of the pipe, the pusher is made in the form of a disk, on the end part of which at the beginning a lead-in conical section is made, followed by a cylindrical one, the diameter of which is equal to the inner diameter of the pipe, and a face with spikes in an amount of at least two with the diameter of the outer surface is 1 less than the outer diameter 0-1.5 mm, and the pusher is mounted on a stand, supported by two rollers on a flat guide bed, and a rolling head mounted on the end of a rotating hollow mandrel contains support rollers and three deforming rollers, times besides, the hollow mandrel is connected to the spindle of the headstock, which has a spindle rotation drive and a headstock movement drive in the longitudinal direction in the form of a screw pair, and a receiving sleeve is mounted on the hollow mandrel with the possibility of free movement fixing the end of the rolled pipe. 2. The machine according to p. 1, characterized in that it contains a device for adjusting the position of the rollers, made in the form of a cylinder placed in the housing of the rolling head, with three inclined surfaces in contact with the support rollers, the cylinder being connected to a rod, the end of which extends beyond the headstock spindle and is provided with a thread on which the adjusting nut is located. 3. The machine according to p. 1, characterized in that the matrix is replaceable. 4. The machine according to p. 1, characterized in that the pusher is removable. 5. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolling head is replaceable. 6. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving sleeve is removable.

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