RU2700525C2 - Abramov complex for production of liquefied natural gas (lng) with reduced emission of methane into atmosphere of ground - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to development of deep-sea offshore natural gas (NG) deposits, in particular, during development of Arctic Shtokman gas condensate field (SHGCF) by means of offshore production platform of natural gas, which performs dehydration, purification of NG till compliance with GOST 5542 and GOST 27577. Export of LNG of SHGCF is carried out by LNG carriers. Supply of NG cooled in the heat exchanger located on the cofferdam of the offshore platform foundation to the CTP sets for NG cooling to low, cryogenic temperatures, production and supercooling of LNG, arranged on the LNG carrier cofferdam foundations, is carried out by a flexible gas line passing in thickness of sea water, made of sections, conjugated by flange sealed connections with rings in grooves and spherical hinges, conjugated surfaces of which are coated with solid lubricating materials, for example molybdenum disulphide, and sealed on spherical surfaces of hinges. Electric power supply of Stirling cryogenic-gas machines (CGM) is performed by expander-generator sets (EGA) of turbine expanders by means of electric cables of LNG carriers. Reduction of methane emission to the Earth's atmosphere is carried out by reducing the time for reaching the operating mode of Stirling CGM for LNG liquefying for one hour or 10 tons of LNG/hour by switching the Stirling CGM for LNG liquefying to its preliminary nitrogen cooling to the liquefaction temperature of NG minus (162 °C…165 °C).

EFFECT: reduction of methane emission to the Earth's atmosphere and saving of LNG in the course of the SHGCF development make the invention the ecological and technical-and-economic effects.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention can be applied in the production and liquefaction of natural gas during the development of the Shtokman gas condensate field (SHGKM) and will be useful in the design of methane carriers and offshore platforms for the production of natural gas (GHG).

The industrial feasibility of the invention can be confirmed by world records for the intensity of operation of three hundred methane carriers in the world.

In Russia, the Marshal Vasilevsky methane carrier with a capacity of 160 * 10 ³ m ³ LNG is also being designed. In Russia, there is a backlog in shipbuilding, shipbuilding, cryogenic engineering, and the production of turbine expanders with DGA. The developed offshore platform for natural gas production at TsKBMT Rubin with a production capacity of ShGKM 22 billion m ³ / year of natural gas is used to dry, purify natural gas up to the conformity of GOST 5542 natural gas and supply it through pipeline 2 for cooling and liquefying natural gas for methane carrier 3, made of sections (see Fig. 2) with spherical joints with sealing on the spherical surfaces of the joints. In accordance with the letter OOPU / GSP-653 dated 10.11.2017 deputy. General Director for Quality, Central Design Bureau MT Rubin S.A. Sokolova on the prospects of developing a project for the development of the Shtokman field authors of the project Abramova VA and Abramova M.V. TsKBMT Rubin AO will decide on participation in the competitive procedure if PJSC Gazprom is announced as such on the subject of work on the development of a project for the development of the Shtokman gas field after consideration of the requirements of PJSC Gazprom by TsKBMT Rubin. Letters DO7-1106 dated 08/20/2010 of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation on Abramov’s project “Development of the Shtokman gas condensate field through underwater floating LNG plants and methane carriers” dated May 13, 2010 No. 190/133-183-115, which is aimed at creating powerful 10 tons of CNG per hour of Stirling cryogenic gas machines for the production of LNG and systems for preventing losses of LNG and its emissions into the atmosphere, as well as the applicant's letter of application, in. No. 14215 dated 08/09/2017 "On the Shtokman field project", in which the management of the United Shipbuilding Corporation (OSK JSC) is notified of the completion of the parameterization stage of the cascade of LNG production plants and its cooling, and 100% of the production of the cascade of plants by Russia, and on the part of JSC "USC" is notified in response by the First Vice-President L.V. Strugov 21-03-10680 from 08/28/2017 that the investment decision on the development of the Shtokman gas condensate field of PJSC Gazprom has not yet been made. In this proposed invention, the following tasks are solved:

Task 1 - elimination of methane emissions into the Earth’s atmosphere, conservation of ecology and natural gas saving during the development of the Shtokman gas condensate field (SHGM), significant GHG savings during cooling, liquefaction of GHGs and supercooling of liquefied natural gas (LNG) by the plant’s workshops and quick operation chemical-technological units (CTA) of LNG plants by cooling them with nitrogen.

Objective 2 - to reduce the risks of disasters during long-term, three-day transportation, over a distance of 650 km and strong sea waves, waves up to 27 m, a transport submarine of the workshop assembly with a camera suspended on ropes, or risks during transportation of the workshop assembly with a self-propelled camera barges to the pile platform in extreme conditions.

Task 3 - development of an optimal variant of an underwater or surface gas pipeline for NG transport from an offshore platform to a methane carrier with a shut-off valve shut-off end with the possibility of its transfer from a floating vessel to a methane carrier and back after filling the methane carrier tanks.

Task 4 - technological support of the required amount of titanium assortment.

Task 5 - creating an airtight flexible natural gas pipeline 34 of pressure 18 ... 20 MPa from composite pipes with spherical joints sealed on the spherical surfaces of the gas pipeline joints, coated with a solid lubricant coating, for example, molybdenum disulfide for transporting NG to a methane carrier from the TLP offshore platform for NG extraction.

The disadvantages of the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2180305 “Abramov complex for commercial development of natural gas fields” chosen as a prototype, the authors Abramov VA, Abramova MV, are a significant distance between the objects in the complex, which are overcome by LNG transported to the methane tank tanks, cryogenic a gas pipeline and a gas pipeline transporting chilled natural gas (GHG) with sea water from a sea floating platform passing through the thickness of sea water between the Stirling gas condensate producing LNG and a heat exchanger placed on the ice underwater factory.

The length of the above gas pipelines is 300 ... 400 meters to a depth at sea temperature of minus 1.8 ° C, i.e. vertically, and from 50 to 100 meters horizontally, guaranteeing safety against collision of the LNG production plant and methane carrier, and the depth determines the functionality. The essence of the disadvantages of the prototype is:

a) the need to ensure high pressure for filling LNG into a methane tank up to 25 atmospheres and supercooling LNG to minus 170 ° С, which are determined by functionality.

b) an increase in the temperature transported by LNG from minus 170 ° C to minus 162 ° C when it is transported through a cryogenic pipeline due to the significant heat influx to it from the sea water and the significant distance of the plant from the methane truck.

c) the resulting consequence of considerable distance is the relevance of creating rubber dam on the offshore platform and methane carrier.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the lack of a solution to prevent the release of methane into the Earth’s atmosphere, which is the greenhouse gas heating the Arctic, and is responsible for increasing the rate of degradation of the permafrost, and is the environmental and technical effects in the proposed invention.

Three main tasks and tasks 1 to 7 can be successfully solved by domestic industry, as there is a backlog in shipbuilding, shipbuilding, cryogenic engineering, in the production of titanium rolled (sheet PT-3VTU1-5-357 1600 × 1600 × 25 of LLC TD Corporation VSMPO-AVISMA), letter No. TD-M / 2434 of 11.28.17, td-info@vsmpo-avisma.ru.

Task 6 - power supply of electric drives of cryogenic gas machines (KGM) Stirling liquefaction of GHGs, supercooling of LNG, nitrogen liquefaction of KGM Stirling for cooling KGM Stirling GHG through expander-generator units (DGA) of turbine expanders.

Task 7 - the creation of natural gas liquefaction plants without accumulating cryogenic LNG tanks by simultaneously launching all XTA LNG production to fill methane tank tanks, to lay down the ideas formed - tasks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 when creating promising projects for methane carriers in Russia and offshore TLP platforms.

The main objective of the proposed invention is to achieve the absence of a complex: a flyover of piles with a platform located on the platform of the LNG plant, its subcooling, the need to deliver the plant with a camera to the platform and transport it by floating marine means, simplify the design, reduce costs and underwater work in depth, improving manufacturability and reducing the time of manufacturing the complex, reducing the consumption of scarce titanium.

The technical solution in the proposed invention in connection with the use of cofferdams on membrane methane carriers and the TLP offshore platform and the placement of NG cooling systems, its liquefaction and supercooling of LNG on the cofferdam foundations avoids the creation of coating technologies applied to friction pairs of materials with an area of 280 * 50 m ² or necessary the number of contact spots in difficult operating conditions of a chamber with a pile platform: sea water, minus 1.8 ° C, sea depth 340 m. It is possible that alternatives need to be developed separation solutions adhesive material pairs mechanically.

The use of membrane cargo tanks on membrane methane carriers in two rows, as an option for constructing a narrow compartment on a ship and TLP offshore platform - rubber dam with foundations for the installation of HTA cooling units for NG and obtaining LNG, its supercooling.

Cofferdam - see Explanatory-Encyclopedic Dictionary (TPP), St. Petersburg, CJSC Norint, 2006, - 2144 p.

In order to successfully solve the main task, IZ must be completed with a foundation similar in design to cofferdam 11 on a methane truck, cofferdam 12 on an offshore platform TLP to accommodate NG cooling units with a temperature of ~ 40 ... 60 ° C with sea water of temperature minus 1.8 ° C in a heat exchanger 13 .

In accordance with the factual material presented in “World Shipbuilding: Current Status and Development Prospects.”, St. Petersburg, Mor. West, 2009 - 544 p. in table 10.2.2.2: “Capacity W and empty weight D of some gas carriers”, page 199, for gas carriers with membrane tanks with a capacity of 140,210 m ³ , corresponding to the capacity of the Marshal Vasilevsky methane carrier, empty weight D of the methane carrier corresponds to 29,500 tons.

The weight characteristics of the TWT units are 10 tons, the turboexpander with DGA is 10 tons, the weight characteristics of the KGM Stirling natural gas with a capacity of 10 tons LNG / h with the turboexpander with DGA and the TWT are 220 tons. The total “220 tons” load placed on the foundations of a methane carrier rubber dam is 0.75% * D and in the manufacture of a load of titanium 0.4% * D.

The second main objective of the invention is to reduce methane emissions into the Earth’s atmosphere. The third main task in IZ is the implementation of GHG transport from the TLP offshore platform to the Marshal Vasilevsky membrane methane carrier, the implementation of low and cryogenic (below 120K) temperature GHG transport between the TWT, the turboexpander and LNG transport from the KGM Stirling to 14 methane carrier tanks and is associated with the design and the manufacture of internal workshop tight joints of these HTA with pipes with vacuum insulation, their design. The most rational solution to such mates is the location of the nozzles of the joined XTA with the pipe, when the nozzles with the flanges are located vertically, the flanges of the pipes of the joined XTA and the pipe 'are turned in one direction, and their axes are parallel.

The applicant submits in the application the composition in the HTA installation (chemical technological units) of natural gas cooling, GHG liquefaction as the limit of the highest possible capacity of 10 TSPG / hour of KGM Stirling, supposed to be manufactured by Arsenal OJSC, St. Petersburg, which determines the unit capacities of the devices included in the composition of other HTA (chemical-technological units) cooling of natural gas, letter gene. Directors of OJSC Arsenal, St. Petersburg, S.Yu. Sharagin, First Deputy. Department of gas, gas condensate and oil production N.I. Kabanov, ref. No. 003-001 of 01/21/11 PJSC Gazprom, a letter from S. A. A., Chief Engineer of OJSC MZ Arsenal Kurakina, No. 183/282-102 of 03/22/13, connected in series:

a) Heat exchangers, developed by CJSC IC Tekhnohim, head of the Design Department I.A. Arseniev, Ph.D., +7(812)612-1161 (ext. 214).

b) Three-stream vortex tubes (TWT), the developer of the Scientific and Technical Center "Vortex Technologies", the director of the Scientific and Technical Center M.A. Liquid; CJSC NPP Impulse, No. 13/015 of February 13, 2013, grena_der@mail.ru: (495) 5417414

c) Cryogenic turbine expander, developer Kaluga Turbine Plant, Chief Technologist I. Kostyukov; Serbia I.S., tech. Director, fax (4842) 562290 L.A. Mamonov, CEO.

At the same time, the temperature of natural gas is reduced from + 60 ° С at the well exit to -165 ° С LNG at the exit from the Stirling gas condensate, cooled with liquid nitrogen and pressures from 200 atm to 1,5 ... 2 at the inlet to the Stirling gas condensate gas. Taking into account the cargo capacity of modern methane carriers 200 thousand m ³ LNG and the loading time lasting 20 ... 24 hours, you can determine the required number of XTA plant installations in a cofferdam of methane carrier, as well as KGM Stirling LNG electric drives and turbine expander generator sets (DGA).

d) Pipes with vacuum insulation, the developer "Accord" - a plant for the production of metal hoses, St. Petersburg, Andrey A. Doktorevich, (812) 2090650, ext. 201.

In FIG. 2 shows a pipe section of a flexible gas pipeline, pos. 2 in FIG. 1 pressure 200-160 atm and a temperature of 60 ... 0 ° C sealed with a seal on the spherical surfaces of hinges coated with a solid lubricant coating, for example, molybdenum disulfide, by means of rubber-fluoroplastic rings in the form of prefabricated parts TU2513-013-34724672-2010 installed in the grooves fifteen.

The pressure in the gas pipeline 2 at the stage of its installation is provided pulsating to ensure its flexibility. Graphically, FIG. 2 is made of three parts, parts - left, right and middle.

In the pipe section of the gas pipeline auxiliary parts of pos. 16, 17, 18, the rotation of the joints is within ~ 15 ° ± 5 °.

The circuit of FIG. 1 includes an offshore platform 1 for natural gas production, which is connected to the mouths of 4 wells through risers (flexible pipelines) 5. In the event of a collision with an iceberg 6 or the need for a relocation of the platform, the upper floating part 7 of the platform is disconnected from the lower part 8 and retracted to a safe distance tugboat 9. Chemical-technological system (CTS) of units for the preparation (field processing) of PG 10 consists of many functional structural units and is designed to implement the relationship between inputs GOVERNMENTAL and output streams.

The essence of the invention is the full use of the potential in the complex of the marine floating platform TLP and membrane type methane carrier, for example, “Marshal Vasilevsky” and the organization of cofferdams on them with foundations and placement on them, respectively, on the offshore platform. On the TLP offshore platform, heat exchangers for cooling natural gas (GHG) with sea water with a temperature of minus 1.8 ° С and GHG cooling in HTA installations located on the foundations of the cofferdam membrane methane tanker “Marshal Vasilevsky” in series, to low, cryogenic temperatures, to produce LNG and its supercooling to minus 170 ° C, as well as re-liquefaction of the GHG vaporized in methane tank tanks.

The electric power supply of the KGM Stirling LNG electric drive is carried out by expander-generator aggregates (DGA) of turbo expanders installed on the foundations of a methane carrier cofferdam and vehicles generated by DGA electricity through cables on a methane truck, which together is the second entity.

Reducing methane emissions into the Earth’s atmosphere, saving LNG during the development of SHGM by preliminary replacement of the cryoagent in KGM

Stirling GHG on nitrogen to cool its structure to minus 170 ° C installed on a cofferdam of a methane carrier, reducing the time it takes for KGM Stirling GHG to operate by one hour and the emission of 10 tons of methane into the Earth’s atmosphere is the third essence.

State of the art

1. Gramberg I.S., Suprinenko O.I., Tanygin I.A. et al. Shtokman unique gas condensate field (Barents Sea), 663, RAS Oceanology, Ministry of Natural Resources. Russian Arctic St. Petersburg, 2002

2. Abramov V.A., Andreev I.L., Tolchinsky A.R. JSC LenNIIKhimmash (Russia). Problems of creating and using floating natural gas liquefaction plants (OPG) in the development of the shelf of the Arctic seas. The second international conference "Development of the shelf of the Arctic seas of Russia." Abstracts of reports. St. Petersburg State Technical University, 1995

3. The Shtokman field. Gazprom global energy project. Total September 2007. See 3/1; 3/2; 3/3; 3/4

Claims (2)

1. A complex for the production of liquefied natural gas (LNG) with reduced methane emissions into the Earth’s atmosphere and re-liquefying natural gas (GHG) methane carrier vaporized in membrane tanks in a voyage, including the TLP offshore floating platform for gas production, drying, and treatment up to the requirements of GOST 5542 and moisture concentration to the requirements of GOST 27577, methane carrier LNG transport, mainly membrane, GHG transport system by gas pipeline to the LNG production plant from the TLP offshore platform, characterized in that the TLP offshore platform LNG transport methane carrier equipped with cofferdams and LNG production facilities mounted on the cofferdam foundation of methane carrier and a liquefied nitrogen production unit on a membrane methane carrier with preliminary cooling of the natural gas liquefaction unit to the natural gas liquefaction temperature of minus 162 ° С with liquid process nitrogen, and the inlet and outlet nozzles of the mounted plants on the foundations of the cofferdam methane carrier LNG are made coaxially located or the axis of the nozzles are vertical, and the flange The pipes of the chemical-technological units (CTA) for cooling natural gas to low and cryogenic temperatures are turned in one direction, on the foundation of the cofferdam of the TLP offshore floating platform there are heat exchangers for cooling natural gas with sea water and cooled gaseous process nitrogen, while the GHG cooling units are located on the foundations of the cofferdam of the marine floating platform TLP, and the installation of cooling the GHG to cryogenic temperatures and liquefying the GHGs placed in the cofferdam of the methane carrier are paired with a U-shaped conf iguration by prefabricated, drained, sealed, passing in the thickness of sea water, intended for GHG transport in the temperature range from 0 to 50 ° C and pressure from 160 to 200 atm, length up to 150 meters, a flexible gas pipeline, one end of the gas pipeline is tightly connected to the heat exchanger, located on the foundation of the offshore platform TLP by means of a flange tight connection, and the other end of the gas pipeline is plugged with a shut-off valve with the possibility of its delivery for reinstalling on board a methane carrier the end of the pipeline with a shut-off valve and hermetically interfacing with the HTA installation of cooling the GHG to low and cryogenic temperatures and liquefying the GHG located on the foundation of the cofferdam of the methane truck, with the possibility of re-reinstalling the end of the gas pipeline with a shut-off valve on board the floating vehicle after refueling the methane tank tanks. 2. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible gas pipeline, with a capacity of 10 tons of LNG / hour, is made in length from 50 to 100 meters, for steam pressure up to 200 atm, temperature from 0 to 50 ° C, from pipe sections, mating flange sealed joints with rings in the grooves and spherical joints, the mating surfaces of the joints are coated with solid lubricants, such as molybdenum disulfide, and sealed with rubber rings in a fluoroplastic sheath in the form of prefabricated parts TU 2513-013-34724672-2010, end seals of the flanges of the sections suschestvlyayut by rings mounted in the grooves, rubber, coated fluoroplastic in the form of prefabricated parts 2513-013-34724672-2010 TU.

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