RU2713272C1 - Operation viability ensuring method of the liquefied natural gas production complex with reduced emission of methane into atmosphere of the earth - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: development of deposits.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to development of deep sea offshore natural gas fields. Disclosed is a method of ensuring the liquefied natural gas production (LNG) production system viability with reduced emission of methane into the Earth's atmosphere, for example during development of Shtokman gas-condensate field (ShGCF), including offshore production platform TLP, floating facility for delivery of LNG plant to pile platform, built on seabed soils, plant installed on platform by means of assembly unit of shop and chamber, fixed by bolt joint to shop bottom and pressed to platform by gravitational force, floating facility equipped with electric drive self-braking winches with rope drums, which ends are attached to the assembly unit of the shop and the chamber with the possibility of rope removal / winding from the winch drums and plant installation on any horizon of the water depth, including the sea surface, wherein natural gas (NG) cooling in heat exchangers arranged on offshore platform TLP is performed by means of their connection with cooling units, NG liquefaction and overcooling LNG, arranged in LNG plant workshop, by means of flexible gas tight pipeline NG, with exclusion of methane emission to atmosphere by plants LNG production plants by means of fast access to operating conditions of LNG plants by their preliminary cooling with nitrogen, installation of water-jet propellers and winch units on pile platform at assembly unit, wherein the formed ice in the gaps between the support surfaces of the assembly unit with the chamber and the pile platform is removed by melting it with high-temperature steam and its blowing through the channels with release of steam into the sea water column, additional generation of electric power in the complex is carried out by steam turbine generators installed in a sealed chamber, reduced adhesion in contact surfaces, as well as tear force of LNG plant from trestle pile platform is carried out by application of Valtron-2 or Valcon-4 fluorotenzites on surface of supports attached to LNG plant and trestle pile platform, or performed with hydraulic motors, or separation in adhesion joint of bearing surfaces of pile platform and assembly unit of shop with chamber is performed by means of piezoelectric actuators rigidly fixed on side of pile platform facing the ground.

EFFECT: reduction of methane emission to the Earth's atmosphere and saving of LNG at development of ShGCF make in the invention ecological and technical and economic effects.

5 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention can be applied in the extraction and liquefaction of natural gas in the development of the Shtokman gas condensate field (SHGKM) and in the extraction of minerals deep in the oceans, in particular ore.

The industrial feasibility of the invention can be confirmed by two world records of the world-wide company Redaelli Tecna (market@severstal-metiz.com; Cherepovets), which produced a 420-ton Flexpack steel record-rope.

North Steel Metiz owns 100% of the assets of Redaelli Tecna, which can fulfill an order for the manufacture of a spiral rope ∅102 mm, 400 m long, 8 tons in weight and tensile strength of 884 thousand kgf. The developed offshore platform for natural gas production 33 TsKBMT Rubin with a production capacity of ShGKM natural gas is 22 billion m ³ / year and carries out drying, purification of natural gas up to the conformity of natural gas with GOST 5542 and its delivery through pipeline 4 to a stationary natural gas liquefaction plant and subcooling made of sections with spherical joints with sealing on the spherical surfaces of the joints. In accordance with the letter OOPU / GSP-653 dated 10.11.2017 deputy. General Director for Quality of Central Design Bureau MT Rubin S.A. Sokolova on the prospects of developing a project for the development of the Shtokman field authors of the project Abramova VA and Abramova M.V. TsKBMT Rubin AO will decide on participation in the competitive procedure if PJSC Gazprom declares it as such on the development of the project for the development of the Shtokman gas field after consideration of the requirements of PJSC Gazprom by TsKBMT Rubin. Letters DO7-1106 dated 08/20/2010 of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation on Abramov’s project “Development of the Shtokman gas condensate field through underwater floating LNG plants and methane carriers” dated May 13, 2010 No. 190/133-183-115, which is aimed at creating powerful 10 tons of CNG / hour of cryogenic-gas Stirling machines for the production of LNG and systems to prevent losses of LNG and its emissions into the atmosphere, as well as the Applicant’s letter of application No. 14215 of 08/09/2017 “On the Shtokman field project”, in which the management of the United Shipbuilding Corporation (JSC “ USC ") is put in the know be the completion of the phase parameterization stage LNG production plants and hypothermia and 100% manufacturer cascade installations Russia, and from the JSC "United Shipbuilding Corporation" is notified in response to the first vice-president of LV Strugov 21-03-10680 from 08/20/2017 that the investment decision on the development of the Shtokman gas condensate field of PJSC Gazprom has not yet been made. In this proposed invention, the following tasks are solved:

Task 1 - elimination of methane emissions into the Earth’s atmosphere: preserving the ecology and saving of natural gas during the development of the Shtokman field (SHGM), significant GHG savings during cooling, liquefaction of GHGs and supercooling of liquefied natural gas (LNG) by the plant’s workshops and quick access to the operating mode -technological units (HTA) of LNG plants by cooling them with nitrogen.

Objective 2 - to reduce the risks of disasters during long-lasting about 3 days transportation, 650 km and strong sea waves, up to 27 m, of a transport submarine, a workshop with a camera, suspended on ropes, in comparison with the risks of transporting a workshop with a camera self-propelled barges to the pile platform in extreme conditions.

Task 3 - the simplicity of the exit of the workshop to the water surface or horizon in the sea at the rotational expeditionary method of work and personnel change and the replacement and repair of equipment.

Task 4 - controlling the speed of the winch drive by a digital control system with a constant torque of the piezo drive, by implementing a digital control intensity adjuster.

Task 5 - creating an airtight flexible natural gas pipeline 34 of pressure 18 ... 20 MPa from composite pipes with spherical joints sealed on spherical surfaces coated with molybdenum disulfide of gas pipeline joints for transporting GHGs from an offshore GHG production platform to the workshop; also for the pipeline for removing sea water from the chamber during the evacuation of the workshop and its ascent to a depth of 50 meters.

Tasks 6 - creative alignment of gravity of an assembly unit of a sealed workshop and a chamber, and buoyancy force immersed in water of an assembly unit of a workshop with a chamber.

Task 7 - technological support of the necessary quantity of titanium assortment: for the manufacture of hull structures for the workshop, chamber, pile structure of the flyover and platform, hermetic structures for the placement of XTA elements, barges, underwater sealed vessels, self-braking winches, steel ropes coated with sea water.

Task 8 - all tasks from 1 to 7 and 9 can be successfully solved by domestic industry, because there is a backlog in shipbuilding, shipbuilding, cryogenic engineering, in the production of titanium rolled (sheet PT-3VTU1-5-357 1600 × 1600 × 25 LLC TD Corporation VSMPO - AVISMA), letter No. TD-M / 2434 from 11.28.17, td-info@vsmpo-avisma.ru.

Task 9 - electrical supply of electric wires of cryogenic gas machines (KGM) Stirling liquefaction of GHGs, supercooling of LNG, nitrogen liquefaction of KGM Stirling for cooling KGM Stirling GHGs through expander-generator units (DGA), located in the shops of the plant.

Task 10 - creation of natural gas liquefaction plants without accumulating cryogenic LNG tanks by simultaneously launching LNG production lines located in cofferdam 54 of methane carrier 32, plant 1, refueling of tanks 35 with LNG pressure of ~ 2 atm supercooled to -170 ° С. instead of 20 atm. when placing KGM Stirling at a depth of 300 meters in the workshop of the plant.

Task 11 - ensuring a reliable boltless pressing of the workshop with the camera, taking into account the variability of the sea current relative to the platform of the flyover, the depressurization of the camera, filling it with sea water, helium or gaseous nitrogen.

The applicant submits in the application the location of the units and their HTA (chemical-technological units) for cooling natural gas, GHG liquefaction as the limit of the highest possible capacity of 10 TSPG / hour of KGM Stirling, supposed to be manufactured by OJSC Arsenal, St. Petersburg, which determines the unit capacities included in the composition of other HTA (chemical-technological units) for cooling natural gas connected in series (letter from the General Director of OJSC Arsenal, St. Petersburg, S.Yu. Sharagin to the First Deputy Department of the Department for production of gas, gas condensate and oil to N.I. Kabanov, original No. 003-001 dated 01/12/11 PJSC Gazprom) (letter of the chief engineer of OJSC "MZ" Arsenal "S. A. Kurakin, No. 183 / 282-102 from 03/22/13):

Heat exchangers, developed by CJSC IC Tekhnohim, Head of the Design Department I.A. Arseniev, Ph.D., +7(812)612-1161 (ext. 214);

Three-flow vortex tubes (TWT), the developer of the STC "Vortex Technologies", the director of the STC M.A. Liquid; CJSC NII “Impulse”, No. 13/015 of February 13, 2013, grena_der@mail.ru; (495) 5417414;

Cryogenic turboexpander, developer Kaluga Turbine Plant, IS Kostyukov, IS Serbia; tech. Director, fax (4842) 562290 L.A. Mamonov.

At the same time, the temperature of natural gas is reduced from + 60 ° С at the exit from the wells to minus 165 ° С of LNG at the exit from the Stirling gas condensate cooled by liquid nitrogen, and pressure from 200 atm to 1,5 ... 2 at the inlet to the Stirling gas condensate. Taking into account the cargo capacity of modern methane carriers of 200 thousand m ^{3 of} LNG and a loading time of 16 hours, it is possible to determine the required number of HTA installations at the plant’s workshop. For the convenience of replacing (unloading) the above-mentioned HTA, as well as KGM Stirling electric drives by means of expander-generator units (DGA) 60, the units are placed in sealed cases 25 and installed on technological balconies 26 attached to the workshop body and placed on the upper deck 19. When the description of FIG. 1 ⁱⁿ the following abbreviations, designations and positions are adopted:

GHG - natural gas, GHG inlet pipe, pos. 4 to the heat exchanger 43,

LNG - liquefied natural gas, LNG outlet pipe, pos. 34,

BUT - heat exchanger control unit 44,

TWT - three-flow vortex tubes 45,

TWT BU - control unit three-flow vortex tubes 46,

EG TD - electric generators 48 turbo expanders 47,

CGMS SPGA - cryogenic gas Stirling machine for liquefied natural gas and nitrogen 49; an empty seawater compartment 53,

BUKGMS LNG and A - control unit 50 for cryogenic gas Stirling machines of liquefied natural gas and nitrogen. In figures 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1d, and in FIG. Figure 1e presents a constructive scheme for the development of SHGKM and the LNG production complex, installed downstream 1-4 cm / s at the bottom 12 of the Barents Sea, at a depth of 50 m, on an underwater platform 2 overpasses, on piles 3 with an airtight chamber 42. Created a creative assembly unit consisting of a sealed workshop 1 and a chamber 42, fastened by a bolt joint 5, and placed in water 6, greatly reduces the weight of the shop due to the buoyancy force of the chamber 42 placed in the water, the inlet of sea water (-1.8 ° C) 51 into the heat exchanger 43, ropes 52 lift blocks XTA.

The stiffness of the chamber 42 is provided by stiffeners 7, 8 installed inside the chamber and externally, as well as the stiffness of the pipes 9 and by means of couplings 10 and cross members 11.

The position of the ends of the piles of the trestle is aligned within ± 2 mm by means of flanges 13 with hubs mounted on the ends of the ends of the piles 3.

Each shop 1 of the plant and chambers 42 are streamlined, and the mounting surfaces 14 are flat. The workshop is separated by sealed transverse bulkheads 20 of titanium in half to the bow and stern of the lower deck 15 and the bottom 16 of the hold 17 are protruding outside the middle deck 18, and the bow parts (see Fig. 2 which shows the structural diagram of the decks of the plant’s workshop, its locks and hatches) and aft middle decks 18 are performed protruding beyond the parts of the upper deck 19, in the protruding parts of the decks 18, 19, on the sides of the hold 17 of the workshop 1, in the transverse bulkheads of 21 locks, hermetic hatches 22 are made with an entrance to the workshop for loading / unloading equip anija through hatches 23 in the decks 19, 18, 15, ship hatches 24 with crew approach submersibles, as well as hermetic door 22 in the transverse bulkheads 21 of the shops in the gateways.

The lugs 27 are attached to the chamber 42, by means of which ropes 28 are connected to the winches 29 mounted on brackets 30 attached to the outside of the barge 31 or an underwater tanker (US Pat. No. 2380274).

The circuit of FIG. 1 includes an offshore platform 33 for natural gas production, which is connected to the mouths of 35 wells by risers (flexible pipelines) 36. In case of danger of collision with an iceberg 37 or the need to relocate the platform, the upper floating part 38 of the platform is disconnected from the lower part 39 and retracted to a safe distance tugboat 40. Chemical-technological scheme (CTS) of units for the preparation (field processing) of PG 41 consists of many functional structural units and is designed to implement the relationship between inputs single and output streams.

The prototype of the alleged invention is "Abramov complex for commercial development of natural gas fields", patent of the Russian Federation 2180305, BV 35/44, authors Abramov VA, Abramova MV, published 02.20.1999, declared 01.23.1997.

Главным недостатком прототипа является сконцентрированность массы комплекса, в частности, на цехе завода: это размещение на нем теплообменников ПГ, трехпоточных вихревых труб (ТВТ), турбодетандеров с детандер-генераторными агрегатами (ДГА) выработки электроэнергии для электроприводных КГМ Стирлинга сжижения ПГ, в то же время часть их предпочтительнее разместить на метановозе, например, КГМ сжижения ПГ Стирлинга (~2 шт), а теплообменники - на морской платформе TLP, что может обеспечить более оперативное манипулирование со сборочной единицей цеха завода с камерой в части изготовления, уменьшаются натяжения канатов лебедок; вес канатов длиной 380 м, крутящий момент привода лебедок, водоизмещение и стоимость транспортирующего средства;

The main disadvantage of the prototype is the concentration of the mass of the complex, in particular, on the plant’s workshop: this is the placement of GHG heat exchangers, three-line vortex tubes (TWT), turbine expanders with expander-generator units (DGA) for generating electric power for electric driven cogeneration units Stirling of GHG liquefaction, at the same time part of the time it is preferable to place them on a methane carrier, for example, KGM liquefaction of the Stirling steam generator (~ 2 pcs), and heat exchangers on the TLP offshore platform, which can provide more efficient handling of the assembly factory workshop with a chamber in the manufacturing part, the tension of the winch ropes is reduced; weight of ropes 380 m long, winch drive torque, displacement and cost of transporting means;

применение титана позволяет снизить вес завода или цеха завода и нагрузку на сваи и грунт в два раза;

the use of titanium allows to reduce the weight of the plant or plant workshop and the load on piles and soil by half;

протяженность технологических линий, криогенных, СПГ-высокая, не проработана принципиальная конструкция гибкой из секций сборной трубы для сред: вакуума, морской воды, СПГ, ПГ, секционированной с индиевыми, резиновыми кольцами с фторопластовым покрытием, уплотнениями по параметрам температур и давлений сред;

the length of the technological lines, cryogenic, LNG is high, the basic design of a flexible section of a prefabricated pipe for media has not been worked out: vacuum, sea water, LNG, GHG, partitioned with indium, rubber rings with a fluoroplastic coating, seals according to the parameters of temperature and pressure of the media;

в необходимости криогенных накопительных резервуаров СПГ нет: моно заправлять танки метановоза запуском КГМ СПГ Стирлинга производительностью 25 м³ СПГ/час, размещенных в коффердаме метановоза;

there is no need for cryogenic LNG storage tanks: to mono-fill the methane carrier tanks by launching the Stirling KGM LNG with a capacity of 25 m ³ LNG / hour, placed in the methane carrier cofferdam;

грунт моря в комплексе использован нерационально;

the sea soil in the complex was used irrationally;

отсутствует конструктивная проработка шлюза и внутрицехового транспорта объектов в шлюз и обратно.

there is no constructive study of the gateway and intra-workshop transport of objects to the gateway and vice versa.

In the proposed invention, on a membrane methane transporter 32, membrane tanks 35 are arranged in two rows, in parallel, in the longitudinal direction, between the walls of the tanks 35 they form a rubber dam 54 - a gas-tight compartment on the vessel (English cofferdam) (see Explanatory-Encyclopedic Dictionary, St. St. Petersburg "Norint", 2006, p. 865), in which KGM Stirling is used on the foundations, which carry out power consumption from DGA, for the production of KGM CG cooler, then liquefaction, supercooling of GHG after cooling KGM with nitrogen to the boiling point of KGM Stirl Yang LNG capacity of 10 tons / hour, and liquefying the vaporized LNG in tanks in flight.

Cooling KGM Stirling with nitrogen reduces its time to its operational mode by one hour and the methane emission into the Earth’s atmosphere in the amount of 10 tons / hour of one KGM Stirling, and much less with other apparatuses of the workshop of the GHG cooling plant.

The use of cofferdam 54 reduces the path of LNG to tanks 35 of a methane carrier 32 from KGM Stirling and heating of LNG in a cryoprobe by tens of meters. In the complex, the plant is raised to a depth of 50 meters by means of rigidly installed self-locking braking drives 57 winches 59, for example, Abramov winches, US Pat. Of the Russian Federation No. 2094362, located on the flange 61 of the hull of the plant 1, outside, and rigidly attached to the ends of 55 ropes 56 bays 58 self-locking drive winches 59 to the pile platform 2 of the flyover, and the plant is lifted to a depth of 50 meters from the top 19 of the deck of plant 1 and the launch lifting the plant’s shop by means of a total, sequential set of buoyancy forces immersed in sea water 6, the shop 1, the emptied compartment 53 of the plant’s shop, and the chamber 42, while the hoisting drives 57 of the winches 59 operate according to horizontal deviation signals and the upper deck 19 over management between 3 ° to 5 °, while in the composition of actuators can be applied RF patent Abramova VA No. 2654690 and patent of the Russian Federation No. 2667214, issued by the FIPS decision of 08.24.2018 on the application 2016127905/06 of 07.17.2016 “Wave electric motor Abramova V.A.”. The supply of electricity from the DGA 60 is carried out by means of electro-glands 62 to the KGM Stirling electric drives 57 located in the cofferdam 54 of the methane carrier via line 63.

In the complex, in order to prevent liquefaction of the piled soil, 12 piles 3 overpasses, piles 3 are made of pipes with enhanced thermal insulation properties of TLT, the annular space of which is filled with screen insulation and vacuumized to reduce heat loss TU 14-16-236-2010 and TU 14-161-239 -2012 “Thermally insulated pump and compressor pipes in cold-resistant design with tight threaded joints for PJSC Gazprom.” Obviously, in the complex, the technical effect and operability are possible only when replacing the self-locking drive winch by delivering the factory workshops by a marine vehicle to a pile platform with a group of self-locking driving winch mounted on the flange of the factory workshop and attaching the ends of the ropes 56 to the pile platform with 2 screws 55, for example described in FIG. 1g part left.

The complex contains a cooling system to low and cryogenic GHG temperatures, made by serial connection of heat exchangers installed on the foundations of the plant’s shops or the TLP offshore platform, three-flow vortex tubes (TWT) installed on the foundations of the plant’s shops, turbine expanders of the plant’s shop with expander-generator units (DGA) with the generation of electricity at the plant with its transmission through electric cables 63 to a methane truck 32. By preliminary replacing the cryoagent in the KGM Stirling PG with nitrogen to cool its structure to -170 ° C installed on cofferdam 54 and reducing the LNG path to tanks 35 of a methane carrier 32 by tens of meters and heating LNG in a cryoprobe, KGM GHG operating mode can be reduced by one hour, and GHG emissions into the Earth’s atmosphere by 10 tons per KGM Stirling PG, see task 10. Dismantling, replacement, repair, maintenance of winches installed on flange 61 of the plant’s workshop is carried out with the assembly unit of the plant’s workshop with a depressurized chamber installed, i.e. filled with sea water, to platform 2 flyovers.

Due to the diversity of the functions of LNG production among the facilities of the complex, one should expect a narrow specialization of the facilities of the complex when they are manufactured by enterprises in industry and attract small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) in the Russian Federation.

A graphical representation of the flexible pipeline in FIG. 3 is represented by a symmetrical half and three parts: left, middle and right. The GHG and marine environment parameters are shown in parts of FIG. 3.

The flexibility of a combined GHG gas pipeline is achieved by a plurality of sections articulated by spherical joints and coated with molybdenum disulfide to reduce friction. The seals are made using rubber 64 with a fluoroplastic coating of the rings TU 2513-013-34724672-2010 on both spherical surfaces of the hinges. Additional elements 65, 66, 67 in the joints protect the swivel joint and limit the angle of rotation to 15 °, the gas passage diameter is not limited.

In FIG. 4 shows a detachable, fixed, sealed connection of the nozzles 72, 73 with the flanges 70, 71 in the form of a “gasket in a spike groove”, i.e. with a gasket 79 in the annular groove of the flanges of the units of natural gas (GH) cooling units up to cryogenic temperatures, GHG liquefaction and LNG supercooling, consisting in technological and parametric interconnection. The axis of the nozzles 72, 73 and flanges 70, 71 are made spaced apart from each other within (1.25 ... 1.5) D when assembling the units. Pipes 72, 73 with flanges 70, 71 are made in one direction, upward, mounted vertically, equipped with a connecting pipe 72, 73 camera 74 with channel 75 transport SG, and a vacuum chamber 76 with pipe 82, pressure 10 ^-5 mm Hg Art., which are grind on CNC machines in size, removed from the mating elements of the pipes, installed units, where D is the outer diameter of the pipe flanges 70, 71. Details 74 and welded det. 78 are interconnected by means of a sealed fixed detachable connection and a gasket 77 installed between the flat joints of parts 74, 78. Parts 73, 71, 74, 78 are insulated in det. 81. This design ensures the viability of the functioning of the LNG production complex in terms of installation / dismantling of the lines of GHG cooling units, GHG liquefaction and eliminates the need to move the units when making tight joints.

In FIG. 5 shows the design of the aggregate device for tearing the ZSPG1 winch ropes from the pile platform 2, supported by supports from slabs 54, 60 with a fluorotenzite coating applied to the slabs, for example, Valkon-2, Valkon-4; at the same time, the ice formed at the junction of the contact surfaces of the assembly unit of the ZSPG and the chamber 42 with the pile platform 2 is melted with water vapor [9] with a pressure of 40 atm and a temperature two times lower than the Curie temperature of the pyzoceramic material of actuators with the release of steam into the water column through channels 78 depth of 300 meters; at the same time, in the aggregate separation device, numerous piezoceramic packet actuators (PKPA) are evenly located on the platforms — piezomechanical devices [10], with a high response speed and a reproducible reproducible force of up to 100 kN for loading the rods 79 installed in the sleeve 84, pressed into in children pos. 73. The operation of the control panel in the design of the device is based on the use of axial actuators, that is, piezomechanical devices in which the received signal by the actuator and applied parallel to the direction of polarization of the piezoceramic element, for example, disks or plates, creates their elongation / shortening in the same direction (d ₃₃ - longitudinal piezoelectric module). The mechanical compressive strength of piezoceramics reaches 5000 ... 6000 kgf / cm ² and tensile 300 ... 350 kgf / cm ² (Glozman I. A. Piezoceramics "Energy", 1972, S. 264).

However, the permissible stresses that guide the development of products are significantly less: d ₃₃ is twice as large as d ₃₁ , which is not used in the piezoelectric package design of the device due to low efficiency. Pads 70, 71, compression piezo disks 76, dielectric washers 77, and silver-plated brass electrodes 80 are glued with DMP-65 OST5.9131-81 glue to form an assembly unit 75, which summarizes the piezoelectric deformations of the discs and which is attached to the pile platform 2 by means of pads 70 from the side facing the ground 12.

In FIG. 6, section EE of FIG. 5 depicts the attachment point of a cover 74 with a batch piezoceramic actuator 81 by means of studs with a metric thread, a head 82 and a threaded lock 83 HARDLOCK, www.zavod-rekom.ru, preventing loosening of threaded connections TU 1600-016 31049464-9454-2015, registered and entered in the register of accounting registration 02.11.2015.

When the near-bottom speed is variable (73 ° 30 'N and 44 ° VD) [4], and the SHGKM location coordinates, the swinging amplitude of the assembly unit of the ZSPG and the chamber is reduced when mounted on the sides of the housing 1 of water-moving movers 85 and electric winch, self-braking, with constant torque on the output shaft, units 59, the ends of the ropes 56, which are attached to the pile platform 2, a significant amount is achieved by equipping the pile platform 2 with units 59 installed in two rows at a maximum distance and between rows along the sides at its side facing the ground 12, 88 in planes parallel to the median plane 87 of the assembly unit. See FIG. 7.

The ropes 56 of units 59 are equipped with piezo-dynamometers 86 with a scoreboard and are made with marking, a multiple of a quarter meter, along the entire length of the winch bay of the unit 59. The end terminations of the ropes in the form of a welded ring are articulated with the nodes 55 of the attachment to the bottom of the assembly unit ZSPG and cameras mounted parallel to the median plane 87 assembly units, in two rows at the maximum distance between the rows, the position of the assembly unit in amplitude, depth, speed 30 ... 50 m / h, is fixed by operators equipped in hard diving suits of the Hardsuit Quantum type according to to the monitor.

шаговое выравнивание горизонтальной плоскости на всей глубине функционирования ЗСПГ с камерой осуществляют путем прерывания спуска/подъема при достижении угла наклона сборочной единицы больше допустимого угла в пределах от 5° до 10°, определяемого По результатам пересчета длин канатов электроприводных лебедок по показаниям мониторов длины канатов лебедок между местами фиксации концов лебедок, включения электроприводных лебедок сборочной единицы на спуск и подъем до выравнивания разности углов наклона сборочной единицы до нуля на любой глубине расположения сборочной единицы ЗСПГ с камерой.The above solutions significantly preserve the buoyancy of the assembly unit of the ZSPG with the camera. Everytime

stepwise alignment of the horizontal plane at the entire depth of operation of the LPSG with the camera is carried out by interrupting the descent / ascent when the angle of the assembly unit is greater than the allowable angle in the range from 5 ° to 10 °, determined by the results of recalculation of the lengths of the ropes of electric drive winches according to the readings of the lengths of the ropes of the winch between in places of fixing the ends of the winches, turning on the electric drive winches of the assembly unit on the descent and ascent until the difference in the angle of inclination of the assembly unit to zero to lu battle at the depth of the assembly unit ZSPG with a camera.

The proposed method can also be applied to align the plane of the bottom of the SPZG with the camera to zero in the longitudinal plane.

State of the art

1. Gramberg I.S. Suprunenko OI, Tanygin I.A. et al. Shtokman unique gas condensate field (Barents Sea), 663, Russian Academy of Sciences Oceanology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Russian Arctic: St. Petersburg, 2002

2. Abramov V.A., Andreev I.L., Tolchinsky A.R. JSC LenNIIKhimmash (Russia). The problems of creating and using floating plants for liquefying natural gas (OPG) during the development of the shelf of the Arctic seas. The second international conference "Development of the shelf of the Arctic seas of Russia." Abstracts of reports. St. Petersburg State Technical University, 1995

3. The Shtokman field. An energy project of world significance. Gazprom, Total. September 2007

4. Letter from the director of GU “AANII” I.E. Frolova 01-720 from 04.25.11, St. Petersburg

5. Letter 064686 No. 503-1473 of March 25, 2019 I.O. General Director of Applied Chemistry E.V. Kozlova, St. Petersburg.

6. Letter from the Vice Rector for NR & ICT Matveeva SA BSTU "Voenmekh" them. D.F. Ustinova, St. Petersburg.

7. Expert opinion No. 0059717 No. 78.01.09222.P2511 dated 06/17/2011

8. Letter No. 1504/25 Deputy. directors S.S. Chicherin dated 09/12/2017 of the "Main Geophysical Observatory named after A.I. Voeikova ", St. Petersburg.

9. Letter to Deputy. Director General-Chief Designer V.N. Zagray JSC Special Design Bureau of Boiler Building (JSC SKBK) No. 01-06 / 109 dated January 24, 2019, St. Petersburg.

10. Panich A.E. Piezoceramic actuators. Tutorial. Rostov-on-Don, 2008, p. 159

Claims (5)

1. A way to ensure the viability of the operation of the complex for the production of liquefied natural gas (LNG) with reduced methane emissions into the Earth’s atmosphere, for example, during the development of the Shtokman gas condensate field at a depth of 340 m, with a bottom current of 1-4 cm / s, at a temperature of sea salt water minus 1 , 8 ° С, water-jet correction of the iceberg trajectory in the direction of the sea current, including the TLP offshore production platform, a floating vehicle for delivering an LNG plant to a pile platform built on offshore soil of the bottom, a plant installed on the platform by means of the assembly unit of the workshop and the chamber, bolted to the bottom of the workshop and pressed against the platform by gravitational force, a floating facility equipped with electric drive self-braking winches with rope drums, the ends of which are attached to the assembly of the workshop and the chamber with the possibility pitting / winding ropes from winch drums and plant installation on any horizon of the water column, including the surface of the sea, while cooling natural gas (GHG) in heat exchangers, p placed on the TLP offshore platform, they are produced by connecting them to refrigeration, liquefied natural gas and LNG supercooling units located in the LNG plant workshop, using a flexible sealed gas transport pipeline for GHGs with a pressure of 18 ... 20 MPa and a temperature of 60 to 0 ° C formed from pipe sections and spherical joints, sealed on the spherical surfaces of the joints with rubber rings installed in the grooves, with the exception of methane emissions into the atmosphere by plants producing LNG by quickly entering the operating mode LNG trap by pre-cooling it with nitrogen, installation of water-jet propulsors and winch units on a pile platform on an assembly unit, characterized in that ice formed in the gaps between the supporting surfaces of the assembly unit with the chamber and the pile platform is removed by melting it with high-temperature, in the range from 80 to 120 ° C, water vapor with a pressure of up to 40 atm and blowing it through channels with the release of steam into the sea water column at a depth of ~ 300 meters, the steam is fed automatically In this way, by opening / closing the valves installed in the chamber, additional energy is generated in the complex by steam turbine generators installed in the sealed chamber, the adhesion in the contact surfaces, as well as the separation of the LNG plant from the pile platform of the flyover, are reduced by applying fluorotensites Valkon-2 or Valkon -4 on the surface of the supports attached to the LNG plant and the pile platform of the flyover, or is carried out by hydraulic motors in which the driven link (piston) returns but-translational movement resulting in hydrostatic liquid pressure, the hydraulic cylinder which is rigidly associated with the platform of the pile, or gap in the adhesive joint of the bearing surfaces of the pile and the platform assembly unit with a camera shop produced by piezo actuator is rigidly mounted on the platform of the pile side facing the ground. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the connecting prefabricated / collapsible design of pipes of equal diameters of the units of LNG production units, consisting in technological and parametric interconnection, with detachable fixed joints of the pipe flanges are made in the form of "laying in a spike groove", t .e. with a gasket in the annular groove, the axes of the thermally insulated nozzles and flanges are spaced apart from each other within (1.25 ... 1.5) D, the nozzles with flanges are made facing one way, installed vertically upward, provide a connecting chamber with a transport channel PG and the vacuum chamber nitrogen pressure of 10 ^-5 torr that machined CNC size, response elements with removable nozzle assemblies installed without requiring movement at the sealing units, where D - external Dia p nozzle flanges. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the complex is equipped with water-jet propellers mounted on the sides of the assembly unit body and self-braking electric drives with constant torque output, with the possibility of functioning in sea water with a temperature of minus 1.8 ° C at a depth of 340 meters and more, with winch units mounted on a pile platform, on the side facing the ground, with a maximum distance between rows parallel to the median plane of the LNG plant (ZSPG), while the horizontal axes of the aggregate The products installed on the platform are run parallel to the side and end sides of the assembly unit, the ends of the ropes of the winch units are attached to the bottom of the assembly unit, the ratio D ₁ / d is performed in the range from 4 to 3, the ropes of the winch units are marked with a multiple of a quarter meter, the entire length of the winch bay of the unit, the load on the ropes is calibrated using piezodiometers from the scoreboard, readings on the monitor for lowering / raising the assembly unit of the ZSPG and the camera at a speed of 30 ... 50 m / h are recorded by operators equipped rigid type diving suits Hardsuit Quantum, wherein D ₁ - diameter bay winch assemblies, d - diameter of drum winches. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that at a variable speed of the near-bottom current, the swinging amplitude of the lower part of the assembly unit of the ZSPG and the chamber is reduced by installing water-jet propellers on the sides of the assembly unit body and using self-braking electric drives with constant torque on the output shaft, with the possibility of functioning in sea water at a temperature of minus 1.8 ° C at a depth of 340 meters or more, winch units installed on a pile platform from the ground, with the ends the ropes of the units are attached to the bottom of the assembly unit ZSPG and cameras in two rows at a maximum distance between the rows parallel to the median plane, the ropes are marked with a multiple of a quarter meter along the entire length of the winch bay of the unit, the position of the assembly unit in amplitude, depth, lifting speed 30 ... 50 m / h and the load on the ropes is fixed by means of piezodynamometers from the scoreboard, readings on the monitor for lowering / raising the assembly unit of the ZSPG and cameras at a speed of 30 ... 50 m / h are recorded by operators equipped with rigid diving suits Hardsuit Quantum type drums. 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the discontinuous stepwise alignment of the horizontal plane over the entire deepwater distance of the ZSPG with the camera is carried out each time by interrupting the descent / rise when the tilt angle of the assembly unit is greater than the allowable angle in the range from 5 to 10 °, determined according to the results of recalculation of the lengths of the ropes of the electric drive winches according to the indications of the monitors, the inclusion of the electric drives of the winches of the assembly unit on the descent and ascent to align the difference in the angle of inclination of the assembly unit.

Images