RU2699365C1 - Method of filling high-voltage electrotechnical devices with liquid dielectric and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of electric engineering, namely to the method of refueling of high-voltage electrotechnical devices with liquid dielectric and device for filling. In the disclosed method, before filling the inner volume of the high-voltage device with a liquid dielectric, the apparatus is evacuated, the liquid dielectric is degassed and filling control is performed, wherein high-voltage device evacuation is performed from lower process end to pressure of not less than 35 Pa, with maintaining said pressure for at least 60 minutes, and before filling the inner volume of the device with a liquid dielectric, filling the device with a gaseous dielectric from the upper process end of the device at a pressure of not less than 111 kPa and maintaining said pressure for at least 20 minutes, after which repeated evacuation of inner volume to pressure of not less than 35 Pa is performed with subsequent supply of liquid dielectric, at that filling with liquid dielectric is performed from lower process end. Liquid dielectric filling device comprises tank with liquid dielectric to be connected to high-voltage device by means of vacuum pipeline. Supply of liquid dielectric supplied by vacuum pump is controlled by flow meter. In the device there is a gas cylinder with a dielectric, on which a reduction gear is located. It is possible to place proposed device for filling on mobile device, which allows its use directly in operation places of high-voltage electrical devices.

EFFECT: higher filling quality and higher reliability of operation of high-voltage electrical instrument.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of high-voltage electrical engineering and can be used in mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, as well as in other industries where filling (filling) with liquid dielectric (WD) of high-voltage electrical devices (HEP), for example, devices for generating high voltage, is required.

A known method of refueling railway VEP and a device for its implementation [see RU patent No. 2462779 C1, IPC H01G 13/04, publ. 09/27/2012 in bull. No. 27 "Method and device for evacuation and oil filling of a high-voltage capacitor block"]. The method includes thermal evacuation of a high-voltage capacitor unit (which is essentially a VEP), degassing the railway (in this case oil) and filling it with a high-voltage block, while the lifting speed of the railway in the high-voltage block is controlled. Thermal evacuation of the high voltage block is combined with filling the high voltage block. The level of the railway in the high-voltage block and the quality of its degassing are controlled visually using a viewing window on the removable cover of the high-voltage capacitor block.

A device for implementing the method is a high-voltage unit with capacitor sections inside and a removable cover on the upper end of the housing. A viewing window is made in a removable cover and two separate fittings are installed: the first fitting is connected via a vacuum hose to a vacuum pump, and the second fitting is connected via an oil pipe made from a medical system for blood transfusion to a rail tank with a throttle installed on it. The tank is made with the possibility of depressurization and refueling of its railway, as well as heating oil and its vacuum drying. Valves and vacuum gauges are installed on the vacuum hoses going from the condenser unit and the reservoir with condenser oil to the vacuum pump.

The disadvantage of this method is the depressurization of the high-voltage block filled with railway during the process of preparation and filling of the high-voltage block, as a result of which the saturated railway filled into the high-voltage block, the so-called bound water in atmospheric air, formed in the form of sediment on the surface of the railway poured into a high voltage block. Bound water in railway over time becomes saturated and contributes to the appearance of dissolved water, which consists of large drops of liquid. In the dissolved state, water does not significantly affect the dielectric strength of the iron filled in the high-voltage block, however, it increases the oxidizability of the railway and decreases its stability, which in turn leads to the appearance of emulsified water consisting of small droplets in the railway during further operation of the high-voltage block liquids. Drops of water are deposited under the influence of an electric field and line up, forming conductive bridges, and significantly affect the breakdown of the voltage of the railroad dies flooded into the high-voltage block, which leads to the inability of the railways to withstand the application of voltage without breakdown, which in turn will lead to failure of the high-voltage block .

The disadvantage of the device used in the implementation of the method is the use of oil systems of medical systems for blood transfusion. These oil lines are made of silicone materials. The dielectric fluid is absorbed in the silicone, causing the material to swell and lose physical properties, which accordingly leads to failure of the device to fill the high-voltage unit.

The closest in technical essence and purpose to the claimed invention is a method of refueling railway VEP and a device for its implementation [see Patent RU№2542743 C2, IPC H01G 13/04 (2006.01), publ. 02/27/2015 in bull. No. 6 "A method for evacuating and pouring high-voltage blocks with oil electrolytic oils"]. The method includes evacuating from the upper technological end of the high-voltage block, pouring the high-voltage block of the railway (petroleum electrolytic oils), while vacuuming and degassing the dielectric in the receiver, followed by filling the high-voltage block with degassed railway, the filling of the high-voltage block is carried out using a receiver made of transparent material.

A device for implementing the method consists of a fillable high-voltage unit with a connected receiver. A tank with railroad drive is connected to the receiver using an oil line with a valve installed on it. A vacuum pump is also connected to the receiver using a vacuum line, with a vacuum valve installed on it, and with the connection of a pressure meter (vacuum gauge).

The disadvantage of the method and device for its implementation is due to the fact that the high-voltage block is evacuated from the upper technological end of the high-voltage block to a residual pressure of not more than 1.5 Pa. This technological operation does not allow the removal of mechanical particles resulting from the manufacture and assembly of the high voltage unit. The complex design of the high-voltage unit prevents the free vertical movement of mechanical particles from the lower technological end to the upper. During forced filling of the high-voltage railway unit, mechanical impurities are distributed throughout the internal volume of the high-voltage unit, which ultimately leads to the formation of paramagnetic centers around which molecules with lower interaction energies are concentrated, leading to the formation of colloidal microheterogeneous structures, which ultimately lead to a decrease in breakdown voltage of the high-voltage unit and its failure.

In addition, a significant disadvantage of this method is the preliminary evacuation of the internal volume of the high-voltage unit to a residual pressure of 1.5 Pa. This technological operation, based on the ratio of determining the pumping speed [K.P. Shumsky "Vacuum apparatuses and devices of chemical engineering", Moscow, Mechanical Engineering, 1974]:

where t is the time required for pumping the vacuum volume from pressure P ₁ to pressure P ₂ ;

S is the speed of the vacuum pump, m ³ / h;

V is the volume of pumped capacity, m ³ ;

P ₁ - initial pressure in the pumped-out tank;

P ₂ is the final pressure in the evacuated tank;

F is a correction factor depending on P ₂ ,

it will take about 24 hours to obtain a residual pressure in the high-voltage unit of at least 1.5 Pa, which accordingly leads to an increase in energy consumption, due to an increase in refueling time.

In addition, the disadvantage is the location of the vacuum gauge for measuring the residual pressure of the high voltage unit. It is located not on the high-voltage block, but on the pipeline connected through the receiver to the high-voltage block, which leads to unreliability of vacuum measurements in the high-voltage block.

The relevance of the technical problem of high-quality refueling is associated with the need for reliable and stable operation of the VEP.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of refueling VEP railway and, as a result, improving the reliability of VEP.

An additional technical result provided by the invention is the ability to place the design of the device on a mobile device, which allows to expand the possibility of using the device not only stationary (indoors), but directly in the field of operation of the WEP.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of refueling the railway VEP, before filling the internal volume of the VEP railway, the VEP is evacuated, the gas is degassed, followed by monitoring the filling of the VEP. In contrast to the known method, the VEP is evacuated from the lower technological end of the VEP to a pressure of at least 35 Pa, maintaining this pressure for at least 60 minutes, before filling the internal volume of the VEP of the railway, the VEP is filled with a gaseous dielectric (GD) from the upper technological the end face of the VEP under a pressure of at least 111 kPa with maintaining this pressure for at least 20 minutes, then re-evacuate the internal volume of the VEP to a pressure of at least 35 Pa with the subsequent supply of railways, while filling VEP VEP is carried out from the lower technological end of VEP. In addition, the control of filling the VEP railway is carried out using a mechanical flow meter.

In the device for refueling the railway VEP, the technical result is achieved by the fact that, along with the features common with the prototype, namely: the tank with the railway connected to the VEP using the railway supply pipe with a valve, a vacuum pump, a vacuum pipe with a valve, a pressure meter, are included new, namely: the device additionally contains a gas cylinder with a main cylinder, with a gas reducer located on it, connected to a VEP using a mains supply pipe with a valve, the VEP body has a drainage hole from the upper technological end, with a Connections thereto Technological tee for connecting supply DG pipeline and the pressure monitor, the lower the process end to the body of VEP are mounted two nozzle: process connection vacuum line for connection to a vacuum pump with a vacuum piping and process connection railway supply for connection to a hard disk drive capacity. In addition, a mechanical flow meter is used to control the filling of the VEP railway. The design of the device can be placed on a mobile device.

Preliminary evacuation of VEP from the lower technological end to a pressure of at least 35 Pa and holding at this pressure for at least 60 minutes will allow the removal of molecular water and partially mechanical impurities from the internal volume of the VEP, as well as pressure testing of the VEP, which will improve the quality of the VEP refueling process .

Filling the internal volume of the VEP GD from the upper technological end of the VEP under a pressure of at least 111 kPa and holding at this pressure for at least 20 minutes allows for forced extrusion of the molecular water, gases and mechanical particles remaining from the preliminary evacuation from the capillaries of the cellular structure of the VEP and their forced movement into the lower technological end face of the VEP, and also allows the adhesion of the main engine to the elements of the VEP, which, ultimately, can significantly improve the quality of the filling of the VEP railway, also eliminate the need to evacuate the internal volume VEP to a high vacuum as in the prior art, which would reduce the refueling time and a significant reduction in energy consumption.

When the VEP is again evacuated to a residual pressure of at least 35 Pa, the residues of mechanical impurities, gases, and molecular water are removed from the lower technological end of the VEP.

When supplying iron to the evacuated VEP, vacuum degassing of the iron occurs, which reduces the content of dissolved water and gases in the iron.

Filling the railway from the lower technological end of the VEP ensures maximum penetration of the railway into the capillary holes of the VEP design.

The above distinguishing features of the method together have a positive effect on the quality of refueling VEP railway, to eliminate breakdowns and short circuits in the VEP, and thereby ensure the smooth operation of the VEP and increase the reliability of the VEP.

In the proposed device additionally appears a gas cylinder with the main engine and, accordingly, the mains supply pipe. DG allows you to extrude, remaining after evacuation, air, liquid and gases from the internal volume of the WEP, which significantly improves the quality of refueling VEPZHD.

An important feature of the device is the fact that the pressure meter in the proposed device is located on a technological tee, which is structurally as close as possible to the VEP, which allows you to measure pressure with maximum accuracy, to accurately control the process of evacuation of the VEP, which ensures high-quality filling of the VEP.

You should also pay attention to the fact that the mains supply pipe is located on the side of the upper technological end of the WEP, and the railway supply line, on the contrary, from the lower technological end of the WEP, which ensures maximum removal of the remaining particles of water, gases and mechanical impurities for uniform and high-quality filling volume of VEP.

The mechanical fastening of the gas reducer to the main supply pipe provides control and adjustment of the main pressure supplied to the internal volume of the WEP.

The fastening of the mechanical flowmeter to the railway supply pipe provides an accurate measurement of the filling of the VEP railway.

The presence of a gas reducer and a mechanical flowmeter in the circuit provide control over the technological process, thereby helping to influence the quality of refueling railway VEP.

It is important to note that the device can be located on a mobile device, which allows you to expand the application of the device not only stationary.

The above-mentioned distinguishing features of the device together have a positive effect on the quality of refueling VEP ZhD, thanks to them the circuit of the device will be improved, the reliability of the VEP will increase.

In FIG. shows a diagram of the inventive device for refueling railway VEP.

Accepted designations:

1 - VEP

2 - vacuum pump

3 - sealing valve of the vacuum pipe

4 - pressure meter

5 - technological tee

6 - vacuum pipeline

7 - sealing valve supplying the main engine

8 - gas reducer

9 - gas cylinder with the main engine

10 - sealing valve supply rail

11 - capacity with railway

12 - railway supply pipe

13 - pipeline supply of the main engine

14 - technological connection of railway supply

15 - technological union of the vacuum pipeline

16 - drainage hole

17 - mechanical flowmeter

18 - mobile device

The device for refueling railway VEP is a fillable VEP 1, consisting of a complex honeycomb design of high-voltage bushings and charging circuits. To VEP 1 with the help of the ZhD 14 technological supply nozzle from the lower technological end through the ZhD 12 supply pipe with a diameter of 50 mm made of polyvinyl chloride, with the sealing valve 10 and mechanical flowmeter 17 (EMIS) located on it, a container 11 (200 liter metal sealed barrel ) with railway (silicone transformer fluid SOFEXIL-HOA). Also, to the VEP building 1, with the help of the technological union of the vacuum pipeline 15, from the lower technological end through a vacuum pipeline 6 12X18H10T with a diameter of 50 mm, with a sealing valve 3 located on it, a low-power pump 2 with a capacity of about 5 l / s is connected. At the upper technological end of the housing of the VEP 1 there is a drainage hole 16 to which a technological tee 5 is connected. A pressure measuring device 4 is connected to the tee 5, which is a mechanical pressure gauge with a measuring range from 750 to 10 ^-1 mm Hg. Also, to the tee 5 through the supply pipe ГД 13 from steel 12ХН10Т with the sealing valve 7 located on it and a gas reducer 8, a gas cylinder 9 filled with ГД (sulfur hexafluoride, density 6.5 kg / m ³ ) with a volume of 40 l is connected.

The device for refueling a railway VEP, implementing the method, works as follows: the internal volume of the VEP 1 is vacuumized to a pressure of 35 Pa using a vacuum pump 2 with valve 3 open, maintain this pressure in the internal volume for at least 60 minutes, the pressure is determined using a pressure meter 4 installed in the process tee 5. Next, the sealing valve of the vacuum pipe 3 is closed and the sealing valve of the supply of the gas turbine 7 and the gas reducer 8 are opened and filling friction volume VEP DG 1 of the gas cylinder 9 under the pressure of at least 111 kPa and held at this pressure for at least 20 minutes. At the end, the sealing valve for supplying the gas cylinder 7 is closed, the sealing valve of the vacuum pipe 3 is opened and the VEP is again evacuated to a residual pressure of 35 Pa. Next, the sealing valve for supplying the railway 10 opens and the railway is fed into the internal volume of the VEP 1; when the railway is supplied from the tank 11 to the evacuated VEP 1, the gas is degassed. The filling control of the railway is carried out by a mechanical flow meter 17. As soon as the VEP is filled, the technological valve for supplying the railway 10 is closed, the process is completed.

The entire design of the device for refueling the railway VEP is located on the mobile device 18, which is a rectangular rectangular trolley with a size of 1500 × 1000 × 350 mm and technological equipment placed on it.

Compared with the prototype, the advantage of the method and device according to the invention is to obtain high-quality refueling VEP railway and reliable uninterrupted operation of the VEP as a whole.

The advantage of the proposed device is its use as an industrial device for the sequential purification of molecular water, mechanical particles and organic impurities of WEP in order to ensure their reliable operation.

A design study was carried out and a device for refueling railway VEP was created. To date, the proposed method and device have been tested and tested when filling the railway pulse generators of an electric discharge chemical laser.

Claims (4)

1. The method of refueling a high-voltage electrical equipment with a liquid dielectric, which consists in the fact that before filling the internal volume of the high-voltage electrical device with a liquid dielectric, the high-voltage electrical device is evacuated, the liquid dielectric is degassed, followed by filling control of the high-voltage electrical device, characterized in that the high-voltage device is evacuated carried out from the lower technological end of the high-voltage electrical device to a pressure of at least 35 Pa, maintaining this pressure for at least 60 minutes, before filling the internal volume of the high-voltage electrical device with a liquid dielectric, fill the high-voltage electrical device with a gaseous dielectric from the upper technological end of the high-voltage electrical device under a pressure of at least 111 kPa maintaining this pressure for at least 20 minutes, then re-evacuate the internal volume of the high-voltage electrical appliance to a pressure of not less than 35 Pa, followed by applying a dielectric liquid, wherein the filling liquid dielectric high-voltage electrical device is performed from a lower end of technological high-voltage electrical appliance. 2. A device for refueling a liquid dielectric with high voltage electrical devices, comprising a tank with a liquid dielectric connected to a high voltage electrical device using a liquid dielectric supply pipe with a valve, a vacuum pump, a vacuum pipe with a valve, a pressure meter, characterized in that the device further comprises a gas a cylinder with a gaseous dielectric, with a gas reducer located on it, connected to a high-voltage electrical device with a gaseous dielectric supply pipe with a valve, the housing of the high-voltage electrical device has a drainage hole from the upper technological end, with a technological tee connected to it for connecting the gaseous dielectric supply pipe and a pressure meter, two fittings are attached from the lower technological end to the housing of the high-voltage electrical device: technological vacuum pipe connection for connecting to a vacuum pump using a vacuum pipe and a process liquid supply nozzle insulator for connection to a container of liquid dielectric. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that a mechanical flow meter is used to control the filling of the high-voltage electrical device with a liquid dielectric. 4. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that the design of the device is placed on a mobile device.

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