CN108918977B - Device and method for measuring dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic under low temperature condition - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic under low temperature condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN108918977B CN108918977B CN201810410296.2A CN201810410296A CN108918977B CN 108918977 B CN108918977 B CN 108918977B CN 201810410296 A CN201810410296 A CN 201810410296A CN 108918977 B CN108918977 B CN 108918977B
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measuring device and method under a low temperature condition, comprising the following steps: the glass jar is characterized in that the lower end of the cylindrical main tank body is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate, the upper end of the cylindrical main tank body is connected with the basin-type insulator, the lower cover plate is provided with a supporting rod and a supporting frame in an inserted mode, the lower end of the supporting rod is connected with a driving device, a glass container filled with liquid nitrogen is installed on the supporting frame, the upper end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with a first fixing rod and a second fixing rod, the lower end of the second fixing rod is fixedly connected with a base plate, a solid polymer sample is arranged above the base plate, a first electrode model and a second electrode model are arranged above the solid polymer sample, and an electrode is hung above the solid polymer sample. The aim of changing the temperature of the solid polymer is achieved by changing the distance between the solid polymer and the liquid nitrogen solution, and the tank body is not required to be opened when the experiment is carried out, so that the experiment carrying out time is greatly shortened and the required SF is achieved 6 The gas is greatly reduced, and the cost and time are saved.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to the technical field of solid insulating material discharge and high-voltage transmission lines, in particular to a device and a method for measuring dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristics under a low-temperature condition.
The background technology is as follows:
GIS/GIL equipment is applied from the sixth seventies of 20 th century, is widely operated in all parts of the world, and has a huge application prospect in the field of ultra-high voltage transmission and offshore large-scale wind power transmission. However, GIS/GIL is an insulation conforming system consisting of solid and gaseous media, with the internal gas-solid interface being where the insulation of the whole system is weakest. Under the action of a certain externally applied voltage, creeping discharge tends to occur at the gas-solid interface in the GIS/GIL at first; along with the increase of the pressurizing amplitude and time, the creeping discharge on the gas-solid interface can develop into penetrating breakdown, so that the creeping flashover phenomenon is generated, the normal operation of equipment is influenced, and even insulation accidents are caused. Therefore, the research on the dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic has important significance for improving the operation reliability of the gas-insulated electrical equipment.
Under the influence of different loads and different environmental temperatures, the internal temperature of the GIS/GIL equipment is also different, so that the surface temperature of the solid polymer insulator is changed, and the volume conductivity, the surface conductivity and the dielectric constant of the solid polymer insulator are changed. The experimental study has been developed by the scholars at home and abroad, and the temperature inside GIS/GIL is extremely low in some extremely cold regions, even under zero, and under the condition of small load, the temperature of the solid polymer insulator is extremely low, so that the flashover characteristic of the dielectric gas-solid interface is affected. Therefore, there is an urgent need for experimental study of gas-solid surface charge measurement at low temperature.
At present, students at home and abroad have a plurality of defects for experimental study of dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measuring devices under low temperature conditions, such as:
(1) In the current stage, the experimental device is mostly in an atmospheric environment, and a low-temperature flashover experiment can not be carried out, so that SF (sulfur hexafluoride) can not be carried out 6 The surface flashover experiment in the environment is not in line with the actual severity;
(2) The experiment at the present stage can be carried out on SF 6 Environment (environment)The experimental device for performing the surface flashover experiment lacks a temperature control system at low temperature;
(3) The experimental device at the present stage mostly uses a temperature-changing sheet to change the temperature of the solid polymer, however, most of the temperature-changing sheet is in a metal shape, and the mode can influence the flashover characteristic of a dielectric gas-solid interface, so that a certain influence is generated on the experiment.
In order to improve the flashover characteristic of the dielectric gas-solid interface insulator deeper, improve the operation stability of the gas-insulated electrical equipment and promote the practicability of the gas-insulated electrical equipment, it is very necessary to improve and perfect the existing experimental device for the flashover of the dielectric gas-solid interface surface at low temperature, so that the device can measure the surface charge of the basin-type insulator more safely and reliably in a high-voltage insulating gas environment.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide a dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measuring device and method under a low temperature condition, and solves the problem that a solid polymer surface flashover experimental device under a low temperature at the present stage cannot perform a solid polymer surface flashover experiment in a closed air chamber under the low temperature condition.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measuring device under a low-temperature condition, which comprises: the cylindrical main tank body, the lower extreme fixedly connected with lower apron of the cylindrical main tank body, its upper end overlap joint has the basin insulator, two first through-holes have been seted up on the lower apron, two insert respectively in the first through-hole establish the bracing piece, one of them the bracing piece lower extreme is connected with drive arrangement, drive arrangement drives the bracing piece up-and-down motion, be provided with the support frame on the lower apron, install glass container on the support frame the splendid attire has liquid nitrogen in the glass container, two the first dead lever of bracing piece upper end fixedly connected level setting, the second dead lever of vertical setting is fixed respectively to one end of first dead lever orientation each other, two the lower extreme rigid coupling of second dead lever is in the backing plate, the backing plate is arranged in the liquid nitrogen top be provided with solid polymer sample in the backing plate top, solid polymer sample top is provided with first electrode model and second electrode model, the electrode with through first wire intercommunication between first electrode model and the lower apron, the second wire and second wire through the second wire and second wire are installed to the second wire and are connected with the lower apron through the second wire through the electric resistance.
And a quartz window is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical main tank body.
And the lower cover plate is also provided with an air pipe, and an air valve is arranged on the air pipe to control the air to be supplied into the cylindrical main tank body.
The basin-type insulator is provided with a second through hole, and the electrode is inserted into the second through hole.
And a sealing ring is arranged at the second through hole.
The driving device is a stepping motor.
The output shaft of the driving device is respectively sleeved with a gear, a rack is arranged on the rod body of the supporting rod, the gears are meshed with the rack, and the gears drive the rack to move so as to drive the supporting rod to linearly move.
The driving device is a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder or the air cylinder is connected with the supporting rod.
One end of the first electrode model and one end of the second electrode model are arranged on the solid polymer sample, and the other ends of the first electrode model and the second electrode model are fixedly connected with the backing plate through bolts respectively.
The method for measuring the dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measuring device under the low-temperature condition comprises the following specific steps:
step one: checking the air tightness of the cylindrical main tank body;
step two: placing a solid polymer sample between the backing plate and the first electrode model and the second electrode model, keeping a gap between the first electrode model and the second electrode model, fixedly connecting the first electrode model and the second electrode model to the backing plate through bolts, and enabling the backing plate to be above the liquid nitrogen so as to enable the solid polymer sample to reach a required temperature;
step three: vacuumizing the cylindrical main tank body, and filling insulating gas into a closed air chamber in the cylindrical main tank body after vacuumizing;
step four: the power supply is connected, the pressure is slowly applied until the surface of the solid polymer sample generates surface flashover, the flashover phenomenon is observed, and test data are recorded;
step five: starting a driving device to drive a supporting rod to move upwards in the vertical direction, so that the distance between a solid polymer sample and liquid nitrogen is increased until the temperature of the solid polymer sample is increased, repeating the first to fourth steps, and controlling the temperature of the solid polymer sample to be different by adjusting different distances between the solid polymer sample and the liquid nitrogen to obtain test data of different temperatures;
step six: and taking out the solid polymer sample, treating the surface of the solid polymer sample, and removing the accumulated charges on the surface of the solid polymer sample to eliminate the influence of residual charges on the next measurement.
The device and the method for measuring the flashover characteristics of the dielectric gas-solid interface under the low-temperature condition have the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measuring device under a low-temperature condition, which is different from the traditional method that a temperature control device is arranged outside a tank body, and the temperature control device is arranged inside the tank body; the measuring device of the invention is specially designed with a motion control system, and the purpose of changing the temperature of the solid polymer is achieved by changing the distance between the solid polymer and the liquid nitrogen solution, so that the tank body is not required to be opened when the experiment is carried out, the distance between the solid polymer and the liquid nitrogen solution is changed, the experiment carrying time is greatly shortened, and SF (sulfur hexafluoride) required by the experiment is required 6 The gas is greatly reduced, and the cost and time are saved;
2. according to the dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measuring device under the low-temperature condition, the boiling point of liquid nitrogen is-196 ℃, so that the environment of extremely cold areas can be simulated to a great extent, and the device is more close to reality;
3. the dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measuring device under the low-temperature condition can accurately control the movement distance of the supporting rod and accurately control the temperature of the solid polymer;
4. the device for measuring the flashover characteristics of the dielectric gas-solid interface under the low-temperature condition can carry out flashover measurement experiments under different gas pressures (0.1-0.6 MPa);
5. the dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measuring device under the low-temperature condition can change insulator sample pieces with different sizes and thicknesses and electrode structures with different shapes (such as needle plate electrodes, finger electrodes and the like);
6. the invention provides a dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measuring device under a low-temperature condition, which can be applied to various voltage forms, alternating current voltage, direct current voltage, impulse voltage and the like.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measurement device under low temperature conditions;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the motion state of a dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measurement device under low temperature;
in the figure: the device comprises a 1-cylindrical main tank body, a 2-quartz window, a 3-lower cover plate, a 4-basin-type insulator, a 5-supporting rod, a 6-driving device, a 7-supporting frame, an 8-glass container, 9-liquid nitrogen, a 10-first fixing rod, an 11-second fixing rod, a 12-backing plate, a 13-solid polymer sample, a 14-first electrode model, a 15-second electrode model, a 16-electrode, a 17-first lead, a 18-second lead, a 19-resistor, a 20-power supply, a 21-third lead, a 22-air valve and a 23-bolt.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
Furthermore, the description of "first," "second," etc. in this disclosure is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
According to the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the device for measuring dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristics under low temperature condition provided by the invention comprises: the cylindrical main tank body 1, the quartz window 2 has been seted up on the lateral wall of the cylindrical main tank body 1, makes things convenient for observation flashover phenomenon in the measurement process, the lower extreme of the cylindrical main tank body 1 is fixedly connected with lower cover plate 3, its upper end overlap joint has basin insulator 4, two first through-holes have been seted up on the lower cover plate 3, two insert respectively in the first through-hole establish bracing piece 5, one of them bracing piece 5 lower extreme is connected with drive arrangement 6, drive arrangement 6 drives bracing piece 5 up-and-down motion, be provided with support frame 7 on the lower cover plate 3, install glass container 8 on the support frame 7 glass container 8 in splendid attire has liquid nitrogen 9, two the first dead lever 10 that the upper end of bracing piece 5 solid fixed connection level set up, the one end of first dead lever 10 orientation each other is fixedly connected with the second dead lever 11 of vertical setting, two the lower extreme of second dead lever 11 is fixedly connected with backing plate 12, backing plate 12 is arranged in the liquid nitrogen 9 top be provided with solid polymer 13, solid polymer top and electrode 13 and second electrode pattern 13 are connected with second electrode pattern 17 through electrode 16, electrode pattern 17 and second electrode pattern 17 are connected through electrode pattern 17.
Further, an air pipe is further installed on the lower cover plate 3, an air valve 22 is arranged on the air pipe to control air to be supplied into the cylindrical main tank body 1, a sealing ring is also arranged at the contact part of the air pipe and the lower cover plate 3, a barometer can be installed on the cylindrical main tank body 1 and used for measuring the air pressure inside the cylindrical main tank body 1, and when the detected air pressure inside the cylindrical main tank body 1 exceeds a set value, the air valve 22 is disconnected.
Further, a second through hole is formed in the basin-type insulator 4, the electrode 16 is inserted into the second through hole, and a sealing ring is disposed at the second through hole.
Further, the driving device 6 is a stepping motor, gears are respectively sleeved on output shafts of the driving device 6, racks are arranged on rod bodies of the support rods 5, the gears are meshed with the racks, and the gears drive the racks to move so as to drive the support rods 5 to linearly move.
Further, the driving device 6 is a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder or the air cylinder is connected with the supporting rod 5.
Further, one ends of the first electrode pattern 14 and the second electrode pattern 15 are placed on the solid polymer sample 13, and the other ends thereof are fixedly connected to the backing plate 12 by bolts 23, respectively.
According to fig. 2, the method for measuring the dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic under the low temperature condition comprises the following specific steps:
step one: checking the air tightness of the cylindrical main tank body 1;
step two: placing a solid polymer sample 13 between the backing plate 12 and the first electrode model 14 and the second electrode model 15, leaving a gap between the first electrode model 14 and the second electrode model 15, fixedly connecting the first electrode model 14 and the second electrode model 15 to the backing plate 12 through bolts 23, and enabling the backing plate 12 to be above the liquid nitrogen 9 so as to enable the solid polymer sample 13 to reach a required temperature;
step three: vacuumizing the cylindrical main tank body 1, and filling insulating gas into a closed air chamber in the cylindrical main tank body 1 after vacuumizing, wherein the insulating gas is SF in the embodiment 6 ；
Step four: the power supply 20 is connected, the voltage is slowly increased until the surface of the solid polymer sample 13 is subjected to surface flashover, the flashover phenomenon is observed, test data are recorded, the voltage can be direct current, alternating current or impulse voltage, and the voltage can be adjusted according to the requirement;
step five: starting a driving device 6, driving a supporting rod 5 to move upwards in the vertical direction, increasing the distance between a solid polymer sample 13 and liquid nitrogen 9 until the temperature of the solid polymer sample 13 is increased, repeating the steps one to four, and controlling the temperature of the solid polymer sample 13 to be different by adjusting different distances between the solid polymer sample 13 and the liquid nitrogen 9 to obtain test data of different temperatures;
step six: the solid polymer sample 13 is taken out, the surface thereof is treated, and the accumulated charges on the surface of the solid polymer sample 13 are removed to exclude the influence of the residual charges on the next measurement, in this example, it is placed for 1-2 days after being wiped with absolute ethyl alcohol, and is prepared for the next use.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which are intended to be covered by the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic measurement device under low temperature condition, comprising: the cylindrical main tank body is fixedly connected with a lower cover plate at the lower end of the cylindrical main tank body, a basin-shaped insulator is fixedly connected to the upper end of the cylindrical main tank body, two first through holes are formed in the lower cover plate, supporting rods are respectively inserted into the two first through holes, one lower end of each supporting rod is connected with a driving device, the driving devices drive the supporting rods to move up and down, a supporting frame is arranged on the lower cover plate, a glass container is arranged on the supporting frame, liquid nitrogen is contained in the glass container, first fixing rods which are horizontally arranged are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two supporting rods, second fixing rods which are vertically arranged are fixedly connected to one end of each first fixing rod facing each other respectively, the lower ends of the two second fixing rods are fixedly connected to a base plate, the base plate is arranged above the liquid nitrogen, a solid polymer sample is arranged above the base plate, a first electrode model and a second electrode model are hung above the solid polymer sample, the electrode is communicated with the first electrode model and the lower cover plate through a first wire, and the second electrode is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate through a second wire, and the first wire is communicated with the lower cover plate through a third wire;
when the driving device is a stepping motor, a gear is sleeved on an output shaft of the driving device, a rack is arranged on a rod body of the supporting rod, the gear is meshed with the rack, and the gear drives the rack to move so as to drive the supporting rod to linearly move; when the driving device is a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder or the air cylinder is connected with the supporting rod;
one end of the first electrode model and one end of the second electrode model are arranged on the solid polymer sample, and the other ends of the first electrode model and the second electrode model are fixedly connected with the backing plate through bolts respectively;
the method for measuring the dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristic under the low temperature condition comprises the following specific steps:
step one: checking the air tightness of the cylindrical main tank body;
step two: placing a solid polymer sample between the backing plate and the first electrode model and the second electrode model, keeping a gap between the first electrode model and the second electrode model, fixedly connecting the first electrode model and the second electrode model to the backing plate through bolts, and enabling the backing plate to be above the liquid nitrogen so as to enable the solid polymer sample to reach a required temperature;
step three: vacuumizing the cylindrical main tank body, and filling insulating gas into a closed air chamber in the cylindrical main tank body after vacuumizing;
step four: the power supply is connected, the pressure is slowly applied until the surface of the solid polymer sample generates surface flashover, the flashover phenomenon is observed, and test data are recorded;
step five: starting a driving device to drive a supporting rod to move upwards in the vertical direction, so that the distance between a solid polymer sample and liquid nitrogen is increased until the temperature of the solid polymer sample is increased, repeating the first to fourth steps, and controlling the temperature of the solid polymer sample to be different by adjusting different distances between the solid polymer sample and the liquid nitrogen to obtain test data of different temperatures; step six: and taking out the solid polymer sample, treating the surface of the solid polymer sample, and removing the accumulated charges on the surface of the solid polymer sample to eliminate the influence of residual charges on the next measurement.
2. The device for measuring the dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristics under the low-temperature condition according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: and a quartz window is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical main tank body.
3. The device for measuring the dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristics under the low-temperature condition according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: and the lower cover plate is also provided with an air pipe, and an air valve is arranged on the air pipe to control the air to be supplied into the cylindrical main tank body.
4. The device for measuring the dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristics under the low-temperature condition according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the basin-type insulator is provided with a second through hole, and the electrode is inserted into the second through hole.
5. The device for measuring the dielectric gas-solid interface flashover characteristics under the low-temperature condition according to claim 4, wherein: and a sealing ring is arranged at the second through hole.
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| CN113092967A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Solid insulation medium and inorganic powder macroscopic interface creeping discharge test system |
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