RU2697172C2 - Structural element of furniture for sitting and lying and method of manufacturing thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: furniture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to meeting human needs and can be used in production of furniture for sitting and lying. Structural element of furniture for sitting and laying contains frame in form of rigid box formed by bottom, longitudinal and transverse walls, and filling from pressed straw. Carcass filling is made with a thinned structure of the upper layer consisting of vertically oriented straws. Such structure of upper filling layer can be produced by combing and cutting of pressed straw protruding from the frame.

EFFECT: technical results consists in improvement of comfort, reliability and durability of structural element operation, expansion of structural capabilities of its use.

19 cl, 7 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of satisfying human needs and can be used in the manufacture of furniture for sitting and lying, mainly various beds, couches, chairs, benches, etc.

The proposed structural element relates to furniture elements that are in direct contact with the body of a lying or seated person, perceiving the load from the weight of his body, i.e. mattresses, seats, sleeping places.

State of the art

The main place in modern production is occupied by mattresses with a structure comprising a rectangular-shaped frame and filling in the form of spring blocks (see patents US 2425728, US 3493980, US 1375061) or multilayer filling based on foam materials (for example, application US 20160157625, op. 09.06 .2016).

Recently, the use of natural plant materials as a filling for mattresses and upholstered furniture elements has become increasingly popular. So it is known to use the husks of pine nuts (patent RU 2279399), chopped birch bark (patent RU 2286163), buckwheat, vine, etc. (patents RU 2137459, CN 104873030). Natural natural materials have a beneficial effect on a person, improving his well-being, sleep, mood. Due to the fact that the materials used are free-flowing in the mentioned analogues, they allow the pillow (or mattress) to adapt to the shape of the human body, and at the same time have some massage effect.

More widespread use in the manufacture of furniture for sitting and lying was straw - the dry stalks of cereals remaining after threshing. This is a 100% natural material, cheap and affordable, provides good heat and sound insulation, and thanks to its light and compact structure, it is easy to transport and store, and allows you to create packing of any density: from a soft mattress to a hard mat.

A well-known mattress is “biomat”, consisting of replaceable tubular-shaped inserts placed in a facing cover filled with natural plant material, in particular straw (patent RU 10064, IPC: A47C27 / 00, published on June 16, 1999).

Known solutions to multilayer frameless mattresses, the structure of which includes one or more layers of pressed straw sewn or glued together, see patents CN 2332265, CN 203815028, CN 201205119, CN 104473440.

A known design of a straw mattress, laid during sleep and sitting, including the upper and lower cover layers and a three-layer straw filling between them, made with alternating vertical and horizontal orientation of the fibers in the layers, while all layers of the structure are sewn together (see patent CN 2506148 IPC: A47C27 / 00, published on 08.21.2002).

All the aforementioned straw-filled structural elements have limited structural capabilities and are used only as a flooring placed on the frame of a bed or sofa, or as a bedding when sitting.

In most of the cases mentioned, the straw material is covered with a fabric cover, which excludes its contact with humans and limits the use of its beneficial natural properties. In those products where there is no cover, the outer layers of straw are made dense and rigid, which reduces the comfort of the product.

In addition, these products do not differ in durability.

As the closest analogue to the claimed structural element of furniture for sitting and lying, the design disclosed in patent CN2266938, IPC: A47C27 / 00, publ. November 12, 1997. In contrast to the aforementioned analogues, this structural element, in addition to filling from pressed straw, contains a power cage, which is similar to the features of the claimed technical solution.

The disadvantage of the closest analogue, like the others mentioned above, is the limited design capabilities, as well as the low reliability of operation, due to the implementation of the power frame of the rods and torsion springs, covering the straw body around the perimeter. The presence of outer layers of sponge, felt and fabric limits the use of the beneficial natural properties of the filling material.

A known method of manufacturing a straw mat, including filtering the dried straw and pressing it to form a straw body, onto which a layer of carbon cloth is laid on top and a layer of non-woven material or cardboard on the bottom, after which all layers are sewn together, strengthening the edges of the mat due to wet pressing (see application CN 105835461 from 08/10/2016).

As the closest analogue to the claimed method of manufacturing a structural element, a method of manufacturing a mattress is adopted, which includes pressing straw at high pressure and assembling the frame (see patent CN 2266938, IPC: A47C27 / 00, publ. 12.11.1997).

In the aforementioned method, a carcass is formed around the perimeter of the compressed straw body using metal rods and torsion springs. Outside, the product is covered with a layer of insulation and a layer of facing fabric.

Due to the absence of glue and other binders, the product is environmentally friendly. However, the mattress obtained by the aforementioned method has limited possibilities of use and uniform high rigidity, and the presence of coating layers prevents contact of the filling material with a person.

The technical problem to which the claimed invention is directed is the creation of a structural element of furniture for sitting and lying, based on the use of straw, combining high performance with wide design capabilities.

Disclosure of the invention

The solution to the above technical problem is achieved due to the fact that in the proposed structural element of furniture for sitting and lying, containing the frame and the filling of pressed straw, according to the claimed invention, the frame is made in the form of a rigid box formed by the bottom, longitudinal and transverse walls, while filling the frame made with a thinned structure of the upper layer, consisting of vertically oriented straws.

The solution to the aforementioned technical problem is also achieved due to the fact that in the proposed method of manufacturing a structural element of furniture for sitting and lying, including pressing straw and assembling the frame, according to the claimed invention, the frame is first assembled in the form of a rigid box with a bottom, longitudinal and transverse walls, of which at least one is removable, the frame is filled with pre-compressed straw, which is further pressed in the frame, applying horizontal pressure e from the opening is removed from the wall, said wall is fixed to the frame, after which the comb and trimmed projecting from the frame compressed straw.

Achieved through the use of the invention, the technical results are to improve the operational characteristics of the product, in particular comfort, reliability and durability, while expanding the design capabilities of use.

Unlike the closest analogue, in the proposed structural element, the top filling layer, which forms the supporting surface in contact with the person, is made with a thinned structure consisting of vertically oriented straws, which makes it softer and more elastic, which helps to increase the convenience and comfort of sitting or lying down on this element, including due to the appearance of some massage effect.

Such a supporting surface has a beneficial effect on the musculoskeletal system, and the vertical open-cavity structure of straw filling has a beneficial effect on the energy and emotional state of a person.

At the same time, the inner layers of the filling are characterized by high density, straw particles of various orientations are present in them, which ensures their reliable retention among themselves and eliminates the “chipping” of the filling.

The rigid box-shaped frame reliably holds pressed straw and eliminates the destruction of the shape of the structural element, despite the high pressure from the pressed straw.

The surface of the upper layer, which is fairly even with an ordered structure, has an aesthetic appearance, which allows the use of a structural element with open filling, i.e. without integumentary facing layers, which significantly increases the beneficial effects of natural plant filling material on humans.

The structure of the top filling layer is formed after pressing straw in the frame by combing and cutting the pressed straw protruding from the frame. Mentioned processes can be carried out in one pass of a cutting tool, for example, a band or chain saw.

Under the influence of the teeth of the cutting tool and the air flow created by it, all horizontally and obliquely lying particles of straw are thrown out, and vertically oriented straws, the lower part of which are firmly fixed in the thickness of the pressed straw, are cut off. As a result, a thinned structure of the upper layer is formed, consisting of vertically oriented straws.

It should be understood that it is impossible to achieve strict verticality of all particles of the upper filling layer, and “vertical orientation” means the preferred orientation of the straws in the vertical plane.

Due to the fact that the lower ends of vertically oriented straws are firmly pressed into the inner layers of the filling, their “loss” is excluded, even at increased operating loads, which contributes to the reliability and durability of the product.

The implementation of the frame in the form of a rigid box allows you to significantly expand the possibilities of using a structural element for the manufacture of various furniture: beds, couches, chairs, benches.

On the one hand, the proposed structural element, like other well-known analogues, can be used as a mattress or other “soft element” of furniture placed on the frame of a bed, sofa, couch, chair, etc.

On the other hand, the proposed solution eliminates the need for an additional furniture frame. Supports, legs, backs and other details can be fixed directly to the frame of the proposed structural element, which in these cases will fulfill the functions of the mattress and the supporting functions. As a result, the design of furniture is greatly simplified, and the productivity of its manufacture is increased.

At the request of the client or if necessary, the straw filling of the frame can be replaced, and repeatedly.

The inner layers of the straw filling also have a predominantly vertical orientation of the straw particles. This can be achieved by using compressed straw produced by the baler to fill the finished briquettes (rectangular bales). The technology of the latter provides a certain orientation of the straw in the formed bales. When filling the frame, the bales are cut across and stacked in compliance with the corresponding orientation of the straw particles.

The preferred material for the manufacture of the frame is wood of various grades and materials obtained during its processing: boards, plywood, chipboard, etc. The predominant use of wood is due to the fact that it is a natural material. However, this does not exclude the possibility of using other known materials for the manufacture of the frame.

It is preferable that the straw filling protrudes above the top edge of the carcass by a value of 1 to 5 cm.

To increase the reliability of operation, the frame can be equipped with transverse metal ties, which increase the resistance of the frame to the high pressure of the straw pressed into it.

Straw filling may include bunches of fragrant herbs, which further improves sleep.

In some cases, the execution of the structural element, the filling from pressed straw can be closed on top with a layer of facing fabric, which is used as linen, dense cotton or other natural material.

A layer of one or two layers of a natural laminate, such as batting, can be additionally placed under the fabric layer.

To be able to fix the facing fabric from the outside around the perimeter of the frame, a groove is made, inside which the fabric is fixed, for example, by means of furniture staples. On top of the place of fastening is closed with a braided cord or other decorative element placed in the groove.

In preferred cases of the method, the removed frame wall fixed to the punch can be used as the pressing surface. Pressing the straw in the frame is performed in accordance with the requirements of the used technological equipment.

In some cases, the filling of the frame can be performed in stages, with alternating stacking and pressing straw, as well as the installation of transverse ties.

The essence of the proposed method of manufacturing a structural element of furniture for seating and lying is illustrated by the following example and drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 - structural element, general view, isometry;

in FIG. 2 - frame structural element;

in FIG. 3 - a device for the manufacture of a structural element;

in FIG. 4-7 show examples of the use of the proposed structural element in various pieces of furniture for sitting and lying.

The implementation of the invention

The proposed structural element of furniture for sitting and lying contains the frame 1 and the filling of pressed straw 2 (see Fig. 1).

The frame 1 is made in the form of a rigid wooden box (see Fig. 2), including a bottom 3, longitudinal walls 4 and transverse walls 5, of which at least one is removable (shown by a dashed line).

In the longitudinal walls 4, through holes 6 are made for installing transverse metal ties 7 (shown by dashed lines).

The preferred material for the manufacture of the frame is wood and its derived materials: plywood, particleboard, MDF, etc.

Outside, a blind groove 8 is made around the perimeter of the frame 1, which can be used to secure the filling lining. To be able to carry the structural element, rope handles 9 can be provided (see FIG. 1).

A method of manufacturing a structural element of furniture for sitting and lying is as follows.

Collect the frame 1 and install it on the frame 10 of the press (see Fig. 3), until it stops a rigidly fixed transverse wall 5 in a fixed stop 11.

On the side of the longitudinal walls 4 of the frame are placed auxiliary stops 12, which keep the sides of the frame from falling apart during the pressing process.

The second transverse wall 5´ of the frame is removed and fixed to the punch 13 (shown by a dashed line).

To prevent straw falling out during pressing between the punch 13 and the frame 1, restrictive shields 14 are installed.

The inner space of the carcass 1 is filled with straw, including the additional volume formed between the punch 13 and the restrictive flaps 14, and rectangular bales of pressed straw formed by the baler are used as filling material. Large bales are pre-cut in half.

Depending on the cultivated cereals, for the production of the proposed structural element, wheat, rye, rice, barley straw can be used, well-dried, preserving the color, elasticity and natural cavity structure of straws.

Compressed straw laid in skeleton 1, which already has a sufficiently dense and predominantly vertically oriented structure, is pressed again in the skeleton by applying horizontal pressure from the side of the opening obtained by removing the 5´ wall. The latter can be used as a pressing surface, for which it is fixed on the punch 13 of the press, which is moved by means of a hydraulic actuator.

Pressing can be carried out continuously or in several stages until the removed wall 5´ sits in its place in the frame 1. The restrictive shields 14 are removed and the wall 5´ is fixed in the frame, the punch 13 is returned to its original position.

Make the installation of transverse metal screeds 7, eliminating the extrusion of the walls of the frame under the action of pressure of pressed straw.

To do this, the pressed filling of the frame is drilled through through previously prepared through holes 6, into the holes obtained are inserted ties (studs) 7, which are fixed with nuts on both sides. The latter are executed “recessed”, therefore they are practically invisible from the outside. After installing the ties, the additional stops 12 are removed. Then the pressed straw protruding from the frame is combed and cut at a height of 1-5 cm from the upper edge of the frame. Mentioned operations can be performed sequentially using different tools or in a single pass, for example, using a band saw.

Under the action of the teeth of the tool, horizontally oriented particles of straw that are not held by anything are captured and thrown out, and vertically oriented straws, the lower part of which are firmly fixed in the thickness of the pressed straw, are cut off. A thinned, vertical orientation of straw particles is formed structure of the upper layer forming a supporting surface for sitting or lying down.

A vertically structured supporting surface is less rigid compared to the inner core of the filling, has some elasticity and has some massage effect on the human body in contact with it.

At the same time, the lower ends of vertically oriented straws are firmly fixed in the inner layers of the carcass filling, which eliminates their loss, ensures the reliability and durability of the furniture.

The proposed structural element can be made with an open (see Fig. 1) and with a closed filling surface (see Fig. 4). In the latter case, the straw filling 2 is covered on top with a layer of facing fabric 15, the edge of which is fixed with furniture staples inside the groove 8. From above, the fastening point is closed with a decorative element, for example, a braided cord 16.

As the facing material, it is recommended to use natural linen or dense cotton fabric, which allows the filling material to “breathe” and prevent its browning.

Under the layer of facing fabric 15, a pad of natural material 17, for example batting, can be additionally placed.

In the case of “open” execution (see Figs. 5–7), the human body comes into contact with natural material, which significantly increases the beneficial effect of the latter.

The example shown in FIG. 4 illustrates the possibility of using the structural element as a mattress laid on the bed frame 18.

In FIG. Figures 5-7 show furniture items: a bench and couches, in which directly the frame 1 of the structural element performs all the supporting functions and provides support for the supports (legs) 19 and backs 20.

The proposed design provides ample opportunities for the formation of various pieces of furniture for sitting and lying, ensuring the placement of a person in the positions: sitting, lying and / or reclining. Such furniture items include chairs, stools, benches, beds, couches, banquets, etc.

Advantages of products obtained on the basis of the proposed design:

- increased comfort;

- cheapness and durability of operation: dense structured packing does not fail over time;

- naturalness, lack of synthetic dyes, adhesives, etc .;

- the ability to replace the filler;

- the ability to combine straw with bunches of fragrant meadow herbs for aroma and therapeutic effects.

Straw has a beneficial calming (anti-stress) effect on humans, improves sleep and alleviates the course of chronic diseases. At the same time, natural open vertically oriented cavity structures of straw filling additionally have a positive energy effect on a person, an effect of the influence of cavity structures, known in science as the Grebennikov effect, is observed.

Studies conducted by a group of specialists of the Armos Medical Center (Omsk) confirm that people using a mattress or piece of furniture with such a structural element (bed, seat), in any design, significantly reduce the duration of sleep and at the same time feel better. the level of stress decreases, the tone rises, the pressure stabilizes, blood microcirculation improves, metabolic processes and self-regulation processes intensify.

Products made on the basis of the proposed structural element are recommended for use at home, in health care and bath houses, spa centers.

Claims (19)

1. A structural element of furniture for sitting and lying, containing the frame and the filling of pressed straw, characterized in that the frame is made in the form of a rigid box formed by the bottom, longitudinal and transverse walls, while filling the frame is made with a thinned structure of the upper layer, consisting of vertically oriented straw. 2. A structural element according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure of the upper filling layer is obtained by combing and cutting the pressed straw protruding from the frame. 3. The structural element according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner layers of the filling mainly contain vertically oriented straws. 4. The structural element according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling protrudes above the upper edge of the frame by 1-5 cm. 5. The structural element according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame is made of wood and materials for its processing. 6. A structural element according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame is provided with transverse metal ties. 7. A structural element according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressed straw filling is closed on top with a layer of facing fabric, while the edge of the fabric is fixed with furniture staples inside a groove made outside the perimeter of the frame and closed with a decorative element placed in the groove. 8. The structural element according to claim 7, characterized in that natural fabric is used as facing. 9. A structural element according to claim 7, characterized in that under the layer of facing fabric a gasket of natural material is placed 10. A method of manufacturing a structural element of furniture for sitting and lying, including pressing straw and assembling the frame, characterized in that the frame is first assembled in the form of a rigid box with a bottom, longitudinal and transverse walls, of which at least one is removable, the frame is pre-filled compressed straw, which is additionally compressed in the frame, applying horizontal pressure from the side of the opening from the removed wall, fix the mentioned wall in the frame, then comb and trim upayuschuyu of a frame compressed straw. 11. The method according to p. 10, characterized in that the combing and cutting is performed in one pass of the cutting tool. 12. The method according to p. 10, characterized in that they cut the straw at a distance of 1-5 cm from the upper edge of the frame. 13. The method according to p. 10, characterized in that as the material for filling the frame using rectangular bales of pressed straw formed by a baler. 14. The method according to p. 10, characterized in that as the pressing surface using the removed wall of the frame. 15. The method according to p. 10, characterized in that the frame is filled in stages, alternating the laying and pressing of straw. 16. The method according to p. 10, characterized in that the transverse metal ties are additionally installed in the frame. 17. The method according to p. 10, characterized in that the pressed straw is closed on top with a layer of facing fabric, while the edge of the fabric is fixed with furniture staples inside the groove made from the outside, around the perimeter of the frame, and closed with a decorative element placed in the groove. 18. The method according to p. 17, characterized in that as the facing use natural fabric. 19. The method according to p. 17, characterized in that a gasket of natural material is placed under a layer of facing fabric.

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