RU2696479C1 - Method of making electrodes of a chemical current source - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacturing technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to design of a chemical current source (CCS) with a cathode made using thin-film technology. According to the invention, in the method of manufacturing a chemical current source with a thin-film electrode cathode, in which the positive and negative electrodes are made in the form of a carbon matrix of a roll material having high porosity, porous matrices of positive and negative electrodes are filled with chemically active material with layer thickness of 20 nm to 2 mcm, which is uniformly distributed on surface of carbon matrix, current collector of positive and negative electrodes is made in the form of metal layer with thickness of 2 to 10 mcm, which is applied on vacuum thin-film technology on porous carbon matrix, wherein planar electrode with annular spraying zone is used, at sputtering magnetron source is used, which is current-conducting plate from any conducting material, which is target cathode, anode is made in the form of hollow metal tube with water cooling, cathode and anode are connected to high-voltage direct current source, as working material for primary metallization titanium (Ti) is used, titanium nitride (Ti) is used for finish metallization, active material layer is applied by means of a liquid paste application onto metallized electrode material, by vacuum impregnation or by means of a vacuum printer, current collector of positive and negative electrodes is made in the form of tape titanium foil, which is coated with titanium nitride, part of which is used for tight outward output of CCS housing, and most part is fixed to current collector using ultrasonic or spot welding.

EFFECT: increased power and fire-explosion safety, reduced heat dissipation in CCS due to reduced electric resistance of electrode materials.

1 cl, 6 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the construction of a chemical current source (CIT) with a cathode made by thin-film technology. The authors solved the problem of increasing power and fire and explosion safety by reducing heat release in the HIT by reducing the electrical resistance of electrode materials. The stated technical problem is solved by reducing the electrical resistance of the contact of the collector - the chemically active layer and by more than an order of magnitude lowering the electrical resistance of the chemically active layer due to the manufacture of electrode materials using thin-film technology. An increase in the power of HIT is provided by the design of electrode materials, which allows one to develop the working surface of electrodes. As a result of a decrease in the internal resistance of HIT, its fire safety increases.

Known are the designs of rolled lithium current sources, the electrical connection of the electrode blocks of which with the terminals of the HIT carry out the current leads of the electrode plates coming out of the ends of the roll, the collector, to which the current leads are connected, and a pressure lead passing through the cover of the current source. Current leads are often made in the form of narrow metal strips located at the ends of the plates or along their entire length at certain intervals (Pat. 6376121 (USA), IPC ⁷ H01M 6/10. Spirally wound lithium secondary cell having a plurality of current collector tabs and method of manufacture / Inomata Hideyki, Nakanishi Naoya, Nogami Mitsuzo, Yonezu Ikuo, Nishio Koji; Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. - No. 09/485172; Declared 09/28/1998; Published on 04/23/2002; Prior. September 30, 1997, No. 9-266171 (Japan); NPK 429/94). The edges of the strip plates protruding at the ends of the roll block are also used as current leads (Pat. 4322484 (USA), MKI H01M 6/10, NKI 429/94. Spiral wound electrochemical cell having high capacity / Sugalski Raymond K .; General Electric Co - No. 187743; Declared September 16, 1980; Published March 30, 82). The collectors are placed above the coil block of electrodes under the cover or under the electrode block at the bottom of the HIT housing, or the collector of one of the electrodes is the inner surface of the housing or cover of the current source. The collectors are connected to the HIT terminals, one of which may be a housing or a cover of a current source, and the other is a hermetic outlet passing through the cover of a current source, electrically isolated from it.

The closest in technical essence is patent No. 23355828 (Pat. 2335828 (Russia), IPC H01M 6/14, H01M 10/40. Lithium chemical current source with a coil electrode assembly. - Application No. 2007113240/09, filed April 9, 2007; Published on October 10, 2008, Bulletin No. 28). The invention relates to a cylindrical chit, which is made by rolling into a roll of electrodes of opposite polarity, containing several tape electrode plates separated by separators. However, this method of forming a CIT design has certain disadvantages that limit the power of current sources and contribute to the occurrence of internal fires.

In a patented method for manufacturing a thin-film HIT electrode, solutions are proposed that reduce heat generation during operation and dangerous heating during discharge and overcharge for a given time and capacity.

The goal in a method for manufacturing HIT electrodes is achieved by the fact that the positive and negative electrodes are made in the form of a carbon matrix from a roll material having high porosity. The porous matrixes of the positive and negative electrodes are filled with chemically active material with a layer thickness of 20 nm to 2 μm, which is evenly distributed over the surface of the carbon matrix. The collector of the positive and negative electrodes is made in the form of a metal layer with a thickness of 2 to 10 μm, which is deposited by a thin-film vacuum technology on a porous carbon matrix. In this case, a planar electrode with an annular spray zone is used. When sputtering, a magnetron source is used, which is a conductive plate of any conductive material, which is the target cathode, the anode is made in the form of a water-cooled hollow metal tube, the positive and negative electrodes are connected to a high voltage direct current source, as a working material for the primary metallization use titanium (Ti), for the finish metallization use titanium nitride (Ti), the deposition of a layer of active material is carried out by spreading Coy metallized paste on the electrode material, vacuum impregnation or by vacuum printer. The current collector of the positive and negative electrodes is in the form of a titanium tape foil, which is coated with titanium nitride, part of which is used to hermetically discharge the CIT outward, and most of it is attached to the collector by ultrasonic or spot welding.

In the patented method, a roll material (Fig. 1) having high porosity, for example, Busofit-type fabric, from which blanks of electrodes of HIT electrodes are cut out (Fig. 2), is used as a porous matrix. A metal layer that is applied to a Busofit type carbon fiber increases the electrical conductivity of the electrode material, which also leads to a decrease in heat generation. The figure 3 shows the workpiece of the electrode before and after metal treatment. In FIG. 4 shows the structure of the workpiece material before applying the metal layer, and FIG. 5 - after spraying. The use of a planar electrode with an annular spray zone when applying the current collector film by the ion-plasma method using a magnetron sputtering system ensures uniform coating over large areas.

The collector of the positive and negative electrodes is in the form of a titanium tape foil coated with titanium nitride, part of which extends to the outside of the electrode, and most of it is attached to the electrode collector using ultrasonic or spot welding (Fig. 6).

The results of the experiment on the influence of the material of the contacts on their electrical resistance are presented in table 1.

The table shows that the current collector elements based on the sprayed metal (sprayed Ti 2 ÷ 10 μm. - 0.5 ÷ 1 Ohm) have the minimum resistance. Therefore, to reduce the internal resistance of the electrode material, Busofit metallization technology was used.

The illustrative example of the manufacture of electrodes of chemical current sources and the study of the parameters of the obtained samples in accordance with the characteristics set forth in the claims, as well as comparative tests of the electrodes in the manufactured current sources confirm the possibility of practical implementation of the claimed invention with the achievement of the specified technical result. Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the claimed invention meets the criterion of “industrial applicability”.

Thus, the analysis of the prior art gives us the right to assert that the claimed combination of essential features set forth in the claims is unknown, which meets the criterion of "novelty."

The study of technical solutions in order to identify the essential features of our invention, coinciding with the sign of the prototype, showed that the claimed invention does not explicitly for a person skilled in the art from the prior art. We believe that the proposed solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

Based on the foregoing, we believe that our proposed technical solution can be recognized as an invention and protected by a patent of the Russian Federation.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a chemical current source with a thin film electrode cathode in which the positive and negative electrodes are made in the form of a carbon matrix from a roll material having high porosity, porous matrixes of the positive and negative electrodes are filled with a chemically active material with a layer thickness of 20 nm to 2 μm, which evenly distributed over the surface of the carbon matrix, the collector of the positive and negative electrodes are made in the form of a metal layer with a thickness of 2 to 10 m km, which is applied by a vacuum thin-film technology to a porous carbon matrix, using a planar electrode with an annular spray zone, when spraying a magnetron source is used, which is a conductive plate of any conductive material that is a target cathode, the anode is made in the form of a hollow metal water-cooled tubes, the cathode and anode are connected to a high-voltage direct current source, using t as a working material for primary metallization tan (Ti), titanium nitride (Ti) is used for the final metallization, the active material layer is applied by spreading the liquid paste onto the metallized electrode material, vacuum impregnation or using a vacuum printer, the current collector of the positive and negative electrodes is in the form of a titanium foil tape, which they are coated with titanium nitride, part of which is used for airtight output of the HIT casing, and most of it is attached to the collector using ultrasonic or spot welding.

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