KR20000039287A - Secondary lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Secondary lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- KR20000039287A KR20000039287A KR1019980054582A KR19980054582A KR20000039287A KR 20000039287 A KR20000039287 A KR 20000039287A KR 1019980054582 A KR1019980054582 A KR 1019980054582A KR 19980054582 A KR19980054582 A KR 19980054582A KR 20000039287 A KR20000039287 A KR 20000039287A
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- electrode plate
- lithium ion
- plate group
- secondary battery
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical group [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,3-difluorophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1F PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940048053 acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000379 polypropylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/581—Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
- H01M50/119—Metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/121—Organic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 리튬이온 이차전지에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 전지의 중량과 재료비를 최소화하여 전지의 기능성과 생산 효율을 극대화시킬 수 있는 리튬이온 이차전지에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a lithium ion secondary battery, and more particularly to a lithium ion secondary battery that can maximize the functionality and production efficiency of the battery by minimizing the weight and material cost of the battery.
일반적으로 리튬이온 이차전지는 충방전 공정시 리튬 양이온을 인터칼레이션(intercalation) 또는 디인터칼레이션(deintercalation)할 수 있는 카본을 음극 활물질로 사용한 전지로서, 통상 양극 활물질로 전이 금속 산화물이나 금속의 칼코겐화물을, 음극 활물질로 그라파이트 또는 비정질 카본을, 전해질로 폴리프로필렌 카보네이트와 같은 비양자성 유기 액체 전해질을 사용하는 전지를 말한다.In general, a lithium ion secondary battery is a battery using carbon capable of intercalation or deintercalation of lithium cations as a negative electrode active material in a charge and discharge process. A chalcogenide refers to a battery using graphite or amorphous carbon as a negative electrode active material and an aprotic organic liquid electrolyte such as polypropylene carbonate as an electrolyte.
도 5는 종래 기술에 의한 리튬이온 이차전지의 부분 단면도로서, 도시하는 바와 같이 리튬이온 이차전지는 크게 극판군(11)과, 양극 단자인 캡 어셈블리(21)와, 상기 극판군(11)과 캡 어셈블리(21)를 수납하며 음극 단자 역할을 하는 캔(41)으로 이루어진다.FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a lithium ion secondary battery according to the prior art. As shown in the drawing, a lithium ion secondary battery includes a pole plate group 11, a cap assembly 21 serving as a positive electrode terminal, and a pole plate group 11. It consists of a can 41 which houses the cap assembly 21 and serves as a negative terminal.
상기 극판군(11)은 양극 활물질이 도포된 양극판(1)과, 음극 활물질이 도포된 음극판(3)이 세퍼레이터(5)를 사이에 두고 격리 배치되는 구조를 이루며, 상기 세퍼레이터(5)는 전해액을 보유하여 양극 활물질과 음극 활물질 사이의 화학 반응을 매개하게 된다.The electrode plate group 11 has a structure in which the positive electrode plate 1 coated with the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode plate 3 coated with the negative electrode active material are separated from each other with the separator 5 interposed therebetween, and the separator 5 is an electrolyte solution. By holding a to mediate the chemical reaction between the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material.
그리고 상기 캡 어셈블리(21)는 양극 단자인 동시에 전지의 안전 장치 기능을 하는데, 이는 상기 캡 어셈블리(21)가 전해액 분출공(23a)을 갖는 캡 커버(23)와, 일정 전류 또는 일정 온도 이상에서 절연체가 되는 PTC소자(25)와, 일정 압력 이상에서 파단되어 전해액을 분출시키는 안전밸브(27)와, 일정 압력 이상에서 상기 안전밸브(27)와 분리되어 전류를 차단하는 전류차단부재(29)와, 상기 안전밸브(27)와 전류차단부재(29)를 절연시키는 절연부재(31)로 이루어지기 때문이다.In addition, the cap assembly 21 serves as a positive terminal and a safety device for the battery. The cap assembly 21 includes a cap cover 23 having an electrolyte ejection hole 23a and a constant current or a predetermined temperature or more. PTC element 25 serving as an insulator, a safety valve 27 that breaks at a predetermined pressure or more to eject electrolyte, and a current blocking member 29 which is separated from the safety valve 27 at a predetermined pressure or more to cut off a current. And the insulating member 31 which insulates the safety valve 27 and the current blocking member 29.
그리고 상기 캔(41)은 극판군(11)의 음극판(3)과 전기적으로 연결되어 음극 단자 역할을 하며, 절연 가스킷(33)을 사이에 두고 상기 캡 어셈블리(23)를 밀봉시켜 전지의 외형을 이룬다. 이와 같이 전지의 외형을 이루는 캔(41)은 통상 스테인레스 강이나 알루미늄 재질로 이루어진다.In addition, the can 41 is electrically connected to the negative electrode plate 3 of the electrode plate group 11 to serve as a negative electrode terminal, and the cap assembly 23 is sealed with an insulating gasket 33 interposed therebetween to improve the appearance of the battery. Achieve. As described above, the can 41 constituting the outline of the battery is usually made of stainless steel or aluminum.
이와 같은 구성의 리튬이온 이차전지는 타 전지에 비해 단위 질량당 전기 용량이 크고, 높은 전압을 발생시키며, 충방전 효율이 높은 장점을 지닌다.The lithium ion secondary battery of such a configuration has the advantage of having a large electric capacity per unit mass, generating a high voltage, and high charging and discharging efficiency compared with other batteries.
그러나 상술한 바와 같이 상기 캔이 스테인레스 강이나 알루미늄 재질로 제작됨으로써 전지의 무게를 상승시키고, 이는 상기 리튬이온 이차전지를 휴대폰 등과 같은 휴대용 이동식 전자기기의 전력원으로 사용할 경우 상기 전자기기의 중량을 증가시키는 문제점으로 나타난다.However, as described above, the can is made of stainless steel or aluminum to increase the weight of the battery, which increases the weight of the electronic device when the lithium ion secondary battery is used as a power source of a portable mobile electronic device such as a mobile phone. It appears to be a problem.
상기 휴대폰 등과 같은 이동식 전자기기는 기능성 향상과 더불어 소형화 및 경량화가 주요 관건이므로, 이와 같이 경량화 추세에 있는 이동식 전자기기에 대응하기 위해서는 리튬이온 이차전지의 경량화가 시급한 과제이다.Since portable electronic devices such as mobile phones and the like have improved functionality and miniaturization and light weight, a weight reduction of a lithium ion secondary battery is an urgent problem in order to cope with mobile electronic devices having a light weight trend.
따라서 본 발명은 상기한 문제점을 해소하기 위하여 고안된 것으로서, 본 고안의 목적은 경량화된 리튬이온 이차전지를 제공하는데 있다.Therefore, the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight lithium ion secondary battery.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 리튬이온 이차전지의 사시도.1 is a perspective view of a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명에 의한 리튬이온 이차전지의 부분 절개 사시도.Figure 2 is a partial cutaway perspective view of a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention.
도 3은 도 2 A부의 확대도.3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 2;
도 4는 다른 실시예에 의한 도 2 A부의 확대도.4 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 2 according to another embodiment;
도 5는 종래 기술에 의한 리튬이온 이차전지의 부분 단면도.5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a lithium ion secondary battery according to the prior art.
상기의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은,In order to achieve the above object, the present invention,
양극 활물질로 전이 금속 산화물이나 금속의 칼코겐화물을 사용하고, 음극 활물질로 그라파이트 또는 비정질 카본을 사용하며, 전해질로 비양자성 액체 유기 전해질을 사용하는 리튬이온 이차전지에 있어서,In a lithium ion secondary battery using a transition metal oxide or a metal chalcogenide as a positive electrode active material, graphite or amorphous carbon as a negative electrode active material, and an aprotic liquid organic electrolyte as an electrolyte,
상기 리튬이온 이차전지는 다수개의 양극판과 음극판이 세퍼레이터를 사이에 두고 적층 또는 권취된 형태로 이루어지는 극판군과, 상기 극판군을 밀착 수납하여 극판군의 형상과 위치를 고정시키는 고정 케이스와, 상기 고정 케이스에 수납된 극판군을 최종 수납 및 밀봉하는 다층 필름막 구조의 금속 파우치와, 상기 극판군의 양극판과 전기적으로 연결되고 일단부가 금속 파우치의 외부로 노출되어 양극 단자 기능을 하는 양극 탭과, 상기 극판군의 음극판과 전기적으로 연결되고 일단부가 금속 파우치의 외부로 노출되어 음극 단자 기능을 하는 음극 탭을 포함하는 리튬이온 이차전지를 제공한다.The lithium ion secondary battery includes a pole plate group having a plurality of positive electrode plates and a negative electrode plate laminated or wound with separators interposed therebetween, and a fixed case for tightly accommodating the pole plate group to fix the shape and position of the pole plate group; A metal pouch having a multilayer film film structure for finally storing and sealing the electrode plate group housed in a case; a positive electrode tab electrically connected to the positive plate of the electrode plate group and having one end exposed to the outside of the metal pouch; Provided is a lithium ion secondary battery including a negative electrode tab electrically connected to a negative electrode plate of a group and having one end exposed to the outside of a metal pouch to function as a negative electrode terminal.
상기 고정 케이스는 각형 이차전지의 경우 극판군의 적어도 네 둘레면을 밀착 고정하여 충방전시 극판군의 팽창으로 인한 용량 감소를 방지하며, 상기 고정 케이스는 일례로 난연성 수지인 폴리비닐 클로라이드(약칭 PVC) 수지로 제작되어 전지의 안전성을 도모한다.The fixed case tightly fixes at least four circumferential surfaces of the pole plate group in the case of a rectangular secondary battery to prevent a decrease in capacity due to expansion of the pole plate group during charging and discharging. ) It is made of resin to improve battery safety.
그리고 상기 금속 파우치는 적어도 한층 이상의 나일론층과, 알루미늄층과, 폴리에틸렌과 아크릴산의 공중합체층과, 폴리에틸렌층이 적층된 형태로 이루어지며, 이들 각각의 층들은 최대 50μm의 두께를 갖는다.The metal pouch has at least one nylon layer, an aluminum layer, a copolymer layer of polyethylene and acrylic acid, and a polyethylene layer in a stacked form, each of which has a thickness of up to 50 μm.
이와 같이 상기 극판군은 기존 스테인레스 강이나 알루미늄 재질의 캔 대신, 경량의 고정 케이스와 금속 파우치로 밀봉됨으로써 전지의 전체 중량을 크게 감소시킬 수 있어 휴대용 전자기기의 전원에 보다 적합한 특성을 갖는다.As described above, the electrode plate group is sealed with a lightweight fixed case and a metal pouch instead of a conventional stainless steel or aluminum can, thereby greatly reducing the total weight of the battery, and thus having more suitable characteristics for a power source of a portable electronic device.
이하, 첨부한 도면을 참고하여 본 발명의 바람직한 일실시예를 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 리튬이온 이차전지의 사시도이고, 도 2는 도 1의 부분 절개 사시도이다.1 is a perspective view of a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a partial cutaway perspective view of FIG.
도시하는 바와 같이 본 실시예에 의한 리튬이온 이차전지는 크게 극판군(10)과, 상기 극판군(10)을 밀착 고정시키는 고정 케이스(20)와, 상기 극판군(10)을 최종 수납 및 밀봉하는 금속 파우치(30)로 이루어진다.As shown in the drawing, the lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment has a large electrode plate group 10, a fixing case 20 for tightly fixing the electrode plate group 10, and finally storing and sealing the electrode plate group 10. Made of a metal pouch (30).
상기 극판군(10)은 일반 리튬이온 이차전지와 마찬가지로 전이 금속 산화물이나 금속의 칼코겐화물이 도포된 양극판(12)과, 그라파이트 또는 비정질 카본이 도포된 음극판(14)과, 양극판(12)과 음극판(14) 사이에 배치되어 이들을 절연시키는 세퍼레이터(16)로 이루어지며, 상기 세퍼레이터(14)는 비양자성 유기 액체 전해질을 보유하여 양극 활물질과 음극 활물질 사이의 화학 반응을 매개한다.The electrode plate group 10 includes a positive electrode plate 12 coated with a transition metal oxide or a metal chalcogenide, a negative electrode plate 14 coated with graphite or amorphous carbon, and a positive electrode plate 12, similar to a general lithium ion secondary battery. A separator 16 is disposed between the negative electrode plates 14 to insulate them, and the separator 14 holds an aprotic organic liquid electrolyte to mediate a chemical reaction between the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material.
이 때, 상기 양극판(12)과 음극판(14)은 일단부로 각각의 양극 탭(42)과 음극 탭(44)을 부착하며, 상기 양극 탭(42)과 음극 탭(44)의 일단부는 금속 파우치(30)의 외부로 노출되어 최종 양극 단자와 음극 단자의 역할을 하게 된다.At this time, the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 14 attach the positive electrode tabs 42 and the negative electrode tabs 44 to one end thereof, and one end of the positive electrode tab 42 and the negative electrode tab 44 is a metal pouch. It is exposed to the outside of 30 to serve as the final positive terminal and the negative terminal.
이와 같은 구성의 극판군(10)은 고정 케이스(20)에 고정되는데, 상기 고정 케이스(20)는 극판군(10)을 밀착 고정시키는 동시에 극판군(10)의 형상과 위치를 고정시키게 된다.The pole plate group 10 of such a configuration is fixed to the fixed case 20, the fixed case 20 is fixed to the shape and position of the pole plate group 10 while at the same time tightly fixed to the pole plate group (10).
이러한 고정 케이스(20)는 금속 파우치(30) 내부에서 극판군(10)의 형상과 위치를 고정시킬 수 있을 정도로만 극판군(10)을 고정시켜도 무방하므로, 형상과 재질에 크게 제약을 받지는 않지만, 고정 케이스(20)의 재질로는 특히 다음이 유용하다.The fixing case 20 may be fixed to the plate plate group 10 only enough to fix the shape and position of the plate plate group 10 in the metal pouch 30, but the shape and the material are not greatly limited. As the material of the fixed case 20, the following is particularly useful.
즉, 상기 고정 케이스(20)는 폴리비닐 클로라이드(polyvinyl chloride, 이하 PVC라 함) 수지로 이루어질 수 있다. 상기 PVC 수지는 타기 어려운 성질을 가지며 불꽃에 닿아도 타기 어렵고 불을 붙인 경우에도 불꽃을 내며 연소를 계속하기 어려운 난연성(難燃性) 수지이다.That is, the fixing case 20 may be made of polyvinyl chloride (hereinafter referred to as PVC) resin. The PVC resin is a flame-retardant resin that is hard to burn, hard to burn even when it touches the flame, and hardly burns even when it is lit.
따라서 PVC 수지로 이루어진 고정 케이스(20)는 전지의 충방전시 전지의 내부 온도가 위험 온도 가까이 상승하더라도 수지 자체가 난연성이므로, 전지의 연소 및 폭발을 방지하여 전지의 안전성을 도모할 수 있다.Therefore, since the resin itself is flame retardant even when the internal temperature of the battery rises near the dangerous temperature during charging / discharging of the battery, the fixing case 20 made of PVC resin can prevent battery combustion and explosion, thereby improving battery safety.
또한 상기 고정 케이스(20)는 다른 실시예로서 얇은 알루미늄막으로 이루어질 수 있다.In addition, the fixing case 20 may be formed of a thin aluminum film as another embodiment.
이와 같은 재질의 고정 케이스(20)는 이차 전지가 각형으로 이루어진 경우에 극판군(10)의 네 둘레면으로 밀착 배치될 수 있으며, 양극 탭(42)과 음극 탭(44)이 부착된 극판군(10)의 상측면을 제외한 모든 둘레면으로 밀착 배치될 수 있다.The fixing case 20 of the material may be disposed in close contact with the four circumferential surfaces of the electrode plate group 10 when the secondary battery is formed in a rectangular shape, and the electrode plate group having the positive electrode tab 42 and the negative electrode tab 44 attached thereto. It may be arranged in close contact with all the peripheral surface except the upper side of (10).
위와 같은 구성은 일례로 금형을 이용, 상기와 같은 형태로 고정 케이스(20)를 만든 다음, 전해액이 함침된 극판군(10)을 상기 고정 케이스(20)에 삽입하는 것으로 이루어질 수 있다.The configuration as described above may be made by using a mold to make a fixed case 20 in the form as described above, and then insert the electrode plate group 10 impregnated with an electrolyte into the fixed case 20.
따라서 극판군(10)을 밀착 고정시키는 고정 케이스(20)는 극판군(10)의 형상과 위치를 고정시키는 동시에 전지의 충방전 공정동안 발생하는 극판군(10)의 팽창을 방지하여 전지의 용량이 감소하는 것이 방지하게 된다.Therefore, the fixing case 20 for tightly fixing the pole plate group 10 fixes the shape and position of the pole plate group 10 and at the same time prevents the expansion of the pole plate group 10 generated during the charge / discharge process of the battery, thereby reducing the capacity of the battery. This reduction is prevented.
다음으로, 고정 케이스(20)에 의해 수납된 극판군(10)은 금속 파우치(30)에 의해 최종 수납 및 밀봉되어 전지로 완성되는데, 이와 같이 전지의 최종 케이스를 이루는 금속 파우치(30)는 극히 얇은 다층막 구성으로 이루어지며, 높은 내전해성과 접합성이 요구되는바, 이를 보다 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.Next, the electrode plate group 10 accommodated by the fixing case 20 is finally received and sealed by the metal pouch 30 to complete the battery. Thus, the metal pouch 30 forming the final case of the battery is extremely It is made of a thin multilayer film configuration, high electrolytic resistance and bonding is required, which will be described in more detail as follows.
도 3은 도 2의 A부를 확대하여 도시한 확대도로서, 도시하는 바와 같이 금속 파우치(30)는 기본적으로 적어도 한층 이상의 나일론층(32)과, 알루미늄층(34)과, 폴리에틸렌과 아크릴산의 공중합체층(36)(이하, EAA층이라 함)을 포함하며, 이들 층 사이로 난연성 향상을 위해 PVC층이나 폴리에틸렌층(38) 등을 삽입한 구조로 이루어진다.3 is an enlarged view of an enlarged portion A of FIG. 2, and as illustrated, the metal pouch 30 basically includes at least one or more nylon layers 32, an aluminum layer 34, and copolymerization of polyethylene and acrylic acid. It includes a body layer 36 (hereinafter referred to as an EAA layer), and has a structure in which a PVC layer, a polyethylene layer 38, or the like is inserted between these layers to improve flame retardancy.
이러한 금속 파우치는 일실시예로서, 도 3에서 도시하는 바와 같이 외표면에서 극판군과 마주하는 내표면을 향하여 제 1 나일론층(32a)과, 알루미늄층(34)과, 제 1 EAA층(36a)과, 제 2 나일론층(32b)과, 폴리에틸렌층(38)과, 제 2 EAA층(36b)이 순차적으로 적층된 형태로 이루어진다.As an example, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the metal pouch may face the first nylon layer 32a, the aluminum layer 34, and the first EAA layer 36a from the outer surface toward the inner surface facing the electrode plate group. ), The second nylon layer 32b, the polyethylene layer 38, and the second EAA layer 36b are sequentially stacked.
이 때, 각각의 층들의 두께는 일례로 제 1 및 제 2 나일론층(32a, 32b)이 25μm, 알루미늄층(34)이 50μm, 제 1 EAA층(36a)이 15μm, 폴리에틸렌층(38)이 15μm, 제 2 EAA층(36b)이 45μm로 이루어진다.At this time, the thickness of each layer is, for example, 25 μm of the first and second nylon layers 32a and 32b, 50 μm of the aluminum layer 34, 15 μm of the first EAA layer 36a, and polyethylene layer 38. 15 micrometers and the 2nd EAA layer 36b consist of 45 micrometers.
여기서, 상기 알루미늄층(34)의 두께는 성형 가능한 최소 두께이며, 공중합체층인 상기 제 2 EAA층(36b)을 접합부인 내표면에 배치하여 접합성을 향상시킨다.In this case, the thickness of the aluminum layer 34 is the minimum thickness that can be molded, and the second EAA layer 36b, which is a copolymer layer, is disposed on the inner surface of the joint to improve bonding.
이와 같이 금속 파우치(30)를 구성하는 각각의 층들은 그 두께가 최대 50μm이므로, 금속 파우치(30)는 극히 경량화되어 전체 리튬이온 이차전지를 경량화시킬 수 있다.As described above, since each layer constituting the metal pouch 30 has a maximum thickness of 50 μm, the metal pouch 30 may be extremely lightweight to reduce the weight of the entire lithium ion secondary battery.
그리고 상기 금속 파우치는 다른 실시예로서 상기 EAA층(36) 가운데 산(acid)의 수소가 나트륨이나 아연으로 치환된 물질인 소듐 아크릴레이트 또는 징크 아크릴레이트를 사용하여 이루어질 수 있으며, 상기 소듐 아크릴레이트와 징크 아크릴레이트는 금속과의 접착력이 매우 뛰어난 성질을 갖는다.In another embodiment, the metal pouch may be formed using sodium acrylate or zinc acrylate, which is a substance in which hydrogen of an acid is substituted with sodium or zinc in the EAA layer 36. Zinc acrylate has a very good adhesion to metals.
구체적으로 본 실시예에 의한 금속 파우치(30)는 도 4에서 도시하는 바와 같이 외표면에서 극판군과 마주하는 내표면을 향하여 제 1 나일론층(50a)과, 알루미늄층(52)과, 제 1 소듐 아크릴레이트층(54a)과, 제 2 나일론층(50b)과, 제 2 소듐 아크릴레이트층(54b)이 순차적으로 적층된 형태로 이루어지며, 또다른 실시예로서 상기 금속 파우치(30)는 소듐 아크릴레이트층(54)이 징크 아크릴레이트층으로 대체된 형태로 이루어질 수 있다.Specifically, the metal pouch 30 according to the present embodiment has a first nylon layer 50a, an aluminum layer 52, and a first side toward the inner surface facing the plate group on the outer surface as shown in FIG. The sodium acrylate layer 54a, the second nylon layer 50b, and the second sodium acrylate layer 54b are sequentially stacked. As another example, the metal pouch 30 is sodium The acrylate layer 54 may be formed in a form replaced with a zinc acrylate layer.
이와 같이 다층 필름막으로 구성된 금속 파우치(30)는 세 둘레면이 접합되어 한 곳의 개구부를 통해 고정 케이스(20)에 고정된 극판군(10)을 수납하며, 극판군(10)의 양극판(12)과 음극판(14)에 연결된 양극 탭(42)과 음극 탭(44)의 일단부가 금속 파우치(30)의 외부로 노출되도록 한 다음, 나머지 한 곳의 개구부를 접합시키는 것으로 전지를 완성한다.As described above, the metal pouch 30 composed of the multilayer film film accommodates the electrode plate group 10 fixed to the fixed case 20 through three openings, and has a single opening, and the anode plate 12 of the electrode plate group 10. And one end of the positive electrode tab 42 and the negative electrode tab 44 connected to the negative electrode plate 14 are exposed to the outside of the metal pouch 30, and then the other openings are joined to complete the battery.
이와 같은 구성의 금속 파우치(30)는 총 두께가 대략 200μm 이하이므로, 종래 리튬이온 이차전지에 사용된 스테인레스 강이나 알루미늄 재질의 캔과 비교하여 그 중량을 대폭 감소시킬 수 있는바, 이를 표 1에 비교하였다.Since the metal pouch 30 having such a structure has a total thickness of about 200 μm or less, the weight of the metal pouch 30 can be significantly reduced compared to a can of stainless steel or aluminum used in a conventional lithium ion secondary battery. Compared.
이와 같이 본 실시예에 의한 리튬이온 이차전지는 기존 리튬이온 이차전지와 비교하여 그 중량이 대략 85% 정도 감소되었음을 알 수 있다.As such, it can be seen that the weight of the lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment is reduced by about 85% compared with the conventional lithium ion secondary battery.
이처럼 리튬이온 이차전지는 중량이 감소되어 기능성을 향상시키는 동시에, 기존 리튬이온 이차전지에 사용되는 캡 어셈블리의 구성을 생략하고 양극 탭(42)과 음극 탭(44)을 직접 양극 단자와 음극 단자로 사용함으로써 전지의 구성을 극히 단순화시킬 수 있다.As described above, the lithium ion secondary battery has reduced weight to improve functionality, while omitting the configuration of the cap assembly used in the conventional lithium ion secondary battery and directly connecting the positive electrode tab 42 and the negative electrode tab 44 to the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal. By using this, the configuration of the battery can be extremely simplified.
이에 따라 제조 공정을 간소화시키고, 재료비를 감소시킬 수 있으므로 전지의 생산 효율을 향상시킬 수 있는 장점을 갖는다.Accordingly, since the manufacturing process can be simplified and the material cost can be reduced, the production efficiency of the battery can be improved.
상기에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 설명하였지만, 본 발명은 이에 한정되는 것이 아니고 특허청구범위와 발명의 상세한 설명 및 첨부한 도면의 범위 안에서 여러 가지로 변형하여 실시하는 것이 가능하고 이 또한 본 발명의 범위에 속하는 것은 당연하다.Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the claims and the detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings. Naturally, it belongs to the range of.
이와 같이 본 발명에 의한 리튬이온 이차전지는 초경량의 고정 케이스와 금속 파우치로 극판군을 수납함으로써 전지의 중량을 최대한 감소시켜 경량의 전지를 제공하며, 난연성 수지인 PVC 수지로 고정 케이스를 제작하여 전지의 안전성을 도모하는 동시에, 기존 캡 어셈블리의 구성을 생략하고 양극 탭과 음극 탭을 직접 양극 단자와 음극 단자로 사용함으로써 전지의 내부 구성을 극히 단순화시킬 수 있다. 이에 따라 전지의 제조 공정을 간소화하며 재료비를 감소시켜 전지의 생산 효율을 향상시킬 수 있는 장점을 갖는다.As described above, the lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention provides a lightweight battery by reducing the weight of the battery as much as possible by accommodating the electrode plate group with an ultra-light fixed case and a metal pouch. In addition, the internal configuration of the battery can be greatly simplified by omitting the configuration of the existing cap assembly and using the positive and negative electrode tabs directly as the positive and negative terminals. Accordingly, the battery manufacturing process can be simplified and the material cost can be reduced to improve the production efficiency of the battery.
Claims (7)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1019980054582A KR100303541B1 (en) | 1998-12-12 | 1998-12-12 | Lithium ion secondary battery |
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| KR1019980054582A KR100303541B1 (en) | 1998-12-12 | 1998-12-12 | Lithium ion secondary battery |
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| KR20000039287A true KR20000039287A (en) | 2000-07-05 |
| KR100303541B1 KR100303541B1 (en) | 2001-11-30 |
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| KR1019980054582A KR100303541B1 (en) | 1998-12-12 | 1998-12-12 | Lithium ion secondary battery |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100561283B1 (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2006-03-15 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Pouch type lithium secondary battery |
| KR100895202B1 (en) * | 2006-04-17 | 2009-05-06 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Pouch-type Battery |
| WO2011062417A2 (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-05-26 | 주식회사 이아이지 | Pouch-type battery with improved safety by coating sealing unit with flame retardant and heat resistant resin composition combined with flame retardant and heat resistant materials in thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin and production method thereof |
| US8785015B2 (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2014-07-22 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Additives for non-aqueous electrolyte and secondary battery using the same |
| WO2014182102A1 (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-13 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Double pouch for secondary battery for improving safety and secondary battery using same |
| US9147869B2 (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2015-09-29 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Rechargeable battery |
| US10854858B2 (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2020-12-01 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Case for rechargeable battery and rechargeable battery comprising the same |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102479486B1 (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2022-12-19 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Pouch type rechargeable battery |
-
1998
- 1998-12-12 KR KR1019980054582A patent/KR100303541B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100561283B1 (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2006-03-15 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Pouch type lithium secondary battery |
| KR100895202B1 (en) * | 2006-04-17 | 2009-05-06 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Pouch-type Battery |
| US8785015B2 (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2014-07-22 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Additives for non-aqueous electrolyte and secondary battery using the same |
| US9368835B2 (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2016-06-14 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Additives for non-aqueous electrolyte and secondary battery using the same |
| WO2011062417A2 (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-05-26 | 주식회사 이아이지 | Pouch-type battery with improved safety by coating sealing unit with flame retardant and heat resistant resin composition combined with flame retardant and heat resistant materials in thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin and production method thereof |
| WO2011062417A3 (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-11-03 | 주식회사 이아이지 | Pouch-type battery with improved safety by coating sealing unit with flame retardant and heat resistant resin composition combined with flame retardant and heat resistant materials in thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin and production method thereof |
| US9147869B2 (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2015-09-29 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Rechargeable battery |
| WO2014182102A1 (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-13 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Double pouch for secondary battery for improving safety and secondary battery using same |
| US10854858B2 (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2020-12-01 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Case for rechargeable battery and rechargeable battery comprising the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100303541B1 (en) | 2001-11-30 |
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