RU2696160C1 - Heater for liquid and gaseous media - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for heating of various liquid and gaseous products, including oil, water, gas and their mixtures, namely to heaters with intermediate heat carrier, and can be used in oil, petrochemical, gas and other industries. Heater of liquid and gaseous media includes a housing, inside which there is furnace device with temperature compensator, in inner space of which is installed at least, one finned overflow pipe and located on the outside of the furnace device, at least one external product tubular coil, made in the form of a cylindrical spiral, as well as burner device and stack arranged at ends of furnace device. external product tubular coil is made in the form of cylindrical spiral, overflow pipes are finned, and axes of housing, furnace device and external product coil are arranged in parallel.

EFFECT: technical result consists in increase of heat transfer from burner device to intermediate heat carrier, from intermediate heat carrier to product coil, and also from product coil to heated product.

9 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for heating various liquid and gaseous products, including oil, water, gas and mixtures thereof, namely, heaters with an intermediate coolant, and can be used in the oil, petrochemical, gas and other industries.

A heater is known (patent for utility model RU: No. 43056, IPC F22B 7/00, published December 27, 2004), which comprises a housing mounted on a frame filled with an intermediate coolant, for example, fresh water. In the upper part of the housing there is a food coil for heating a product, for example, oil. In the lower part of the housing there is a flame tube connected at one end to the burner device, and at the other end to a chimney. In the upper part, the housing is equipped with a nozzle for introducing an intermediate coolant, and in the lower part, with a drainage nozzle. In the housing there are nozzles for entering and exiting heated oil. Above the flame tube along it are placed guide plates located at an angle of 140 ° to each other, fixed to the connections of the heater body.

However, the disadvantage of such a heater is the low heat transfer from the burner to the intermediate coolant, which leads to increased fuel gas consumption.

A heater for oil and oil emulsion is also known (patent for utility model RU: No. 66004, IPC F22B 7/00, published August 27, 2007), characterized in that it has a horizontally elongated cylindrical body filled with an intermediate coolant, in the medium of which are attached to using flanges to the casing, a U-shaped combustion chamber into which transverse transfer pipes are inserted and at least one grocery pipe coil located above it in the form of a series of sections offset from each other, a burner roystvo, chimney and an expansion tank.

The disadvantages of the prototype is the low efficiency and efficiency of the operation, in the first place, of the furnace device due to the low heat transfer from the burner device to the intermediate heat carrier and from the intermediate heat carrier to the food coil, as well as from the food coil to the heated product.

The closest analogue is a heater (patent for utility model RU No. 178049, IPC F22B 7/00, published March 21, 2018) containing a heat pipe with turbulent rings placed in it, a convection chamber, a burner adjacent to the end of the heat pipe, gas vent adjacent to the other end of the flame tube, a shirt in which an intermediate liquid coolant and a section of the food coil made of series-connected straight pipes that are connected in series with another section of the product a coil located in a convection chamber and made of straight pipes sequentially interconnected, forming a bundle and having a spiral wire winding on the outer surface, characterized in that the convection chamber is placed in the part of the flame tube adjacent to the gas outlet and opposite to the burner device, in the flame the tube is placed at an angle to the horizontal tube, which are fixed in the holes in the wall of the flame tube and open ends enter the shirt.

The disadvantages of this design are the low efficiency and economy of operation, primarily of the combustion device due to the low heat transfer from the burner to the intermediate heat transfer medium, from the intermediate heat transfer medium to the food coil, and also from the food coil to the heated product.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is aimed at achieving high heat transfer efficiency from the burner to the intermediate heat carrier, from the intermediate heat carrier to the food coil, as well as from the food coil to the heated product.

The technical result of the claimed invention consists in a significant increase in heat transfer from the burner device to the intermediate heat carrier, from the intermediate heat carrier to the food coil, and also from the food coil to the heated product.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the heater of liquid and gaseous media contains a housing, inside of which there is a combustion device attached to it by means of flanges with a temperature compensator, in which at least one finned transfer pipe is installed and located on the outside a furnace device, at least one outer product tubular coil made in the form of a cylindrical spiral, as well as a burner device and a chimney, flue-substituted at ends of the device, wherein the outer tubular coil product is in the form of a cylindrical spiral, Orebro downcomers and the axis of the housing, and external devices flue product coil arranged in parallel.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 presents a General view of the inventive device, in FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section through the device, in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the device, in FIG. 5 section of the combustion device.

The positions in the drawings indicate:

1 - housing;

2 - furnace device;

3 - flanges of the combustion device;

4 - internal grocery coil;

5 - external grocery coil;

6 - burner device;

7 - chimney;

8 - intermediate heat carrier;

9 - end wall of the housing;

10 - pipe inlet of the product;

11 - pipe outlet product;

12 - pipe for filling the intermediate coolant;

13 - pipe for drainage of the intermediate coolant;

14 - products of fuel combustion;

15 - connecting pipe;

16 - temperature compensator;

17 - an expansion tank;

18 - transfer pipe

19 - ribbing of the transfer pipe.

The heater for liquid and gaseous media contains a housing 1, inside of which are located: a combustion device 2, attached to the housing 1 by means of flanges of the combustion device 3, and at least one transfer pipe 18 with fins 19 located on it, from the outside of the combustion device at least one external food coil 5 is located. The heater also includes a burner device 6, a chimney 7.

The housing 1 is a cylindrical shell oriented horizontally. The housing may be made of sheet metal or of rolled pipe. In the end walls of the casing 9, holes are made for fastening the furnace device 2 and the chimney 7. An expansion tank 17 can be located on the upper part of the casing, on which a pipe for filling the intermediate coolant 12. is mounted. In the absence of an expansion tank, the pipe 12 is located directly in the upper part case 1. In the lower part of the case 1 there is a pipe for drainage of the intermediate coolant 13. Also, at least two supports can be placed in the lower part of the case, allowing to hold suspended device horizontally.

The furnace device 2 is a cylindrical shell. At one end of the shell, a temperature compensator 16 can be located, designed to compensate for the axial force on the end wall of the housing 9 arising from the thermal expansion of the furnace device 2. The furnace device 2 can be made of sheet metal or of rolled pipe. At least one transfer pipe 18 with fins 19 is installed in the interior of the combustion device 2.

The transfer pipes 18 are cylindrical metal shells and are made of rolled pipe. Overflow pipes can be arranged in one or more rows. The longitudinal and transverse steps between the transfer pipes 18 are from 10 to 2000 mm. The transfer pipes are located vertically or at an angle of no more than 88 ° relative to the vertical position to ensure uniform flow around the external food coil 5 with a stream of hot intermediate coolant 8 at maximum speed. The transfer pipes 18 are made with an external finning 19. The finning 19 can be of the following types: washer, plate, spiral, wire or split.

The outer grocery coil 5 is a cylindrical spiral and is made of rolled metal pipe. The external food coil is installed with the possibility of washing with an intermediate heat carrier 8, while the axes of the housing, the external food coil 5 and the combustion device 2 are parallel.

The inlet pipe of the product 10 is a cylindrical shell made of metal pipe, through which the heated product is fed into the space of the outer grocery coil 5.

The outlet pipe of the product 11 is a cylindrical shell made of metal pipe, through which the output of the heated product from the space of the inner grocery coil 4 is carried out.

The pipe for filling the intermediate coolant 12 and the pipe for drainage of the intermediate coolant 13 are a cylindrical shell made of metal pipe.

The connecting pipe 15 combines the outer product coil 5 and the inner product coil 4, which allows the heated product to pass sequentially through the internal cavities of these coils.

As an intermediate heat carrier 8, for example, water is used.

The burner device 6 is located at one end of the combustion device 2. The burner device 6 converts the energy of the fuel during combustion into hot products of combustion of fuel 14.

The temperature compensator 16 is located between the end of the furnace device 2 on the one hand and the flange of the furnace device 3 on the other hand, and is a metal structure of at least one surface made of sheet metal. Inside the temperature compensator 16 is a casing, which is a metal shell and is designed to protect the inside of the temperature compensator 16 from the combustion products of the fuel 14.

The chimney 7 is located at the second end of the furnace device 2 and is a metal cylindrical structure made of sheet metal or rolled pipe.

The expansion tank 17 is attached to the upper part of the housing 1 and is a metal shell, closed at both ends with plugs. It communicates with the internal cavity of the housing 1 by means of nozzles.

To increase the heat transfer from the combustion products of the fuel 14 to the heated product, the inventive device may include an internal food coil 4, which is a cylindrical spiral made of metal pipe. The inner grocery coil 4 is installed in the inner space of the combustion device with the possibility of washing with the combustion products of fuel 14, while the axis of the housing, the inner grocery coil 4 and the combustion device 2 are parallel.

The inventive device operates as follows.

Through the filling pipe of the intermediate coolant 12, the intermediate coolant 8 is supplied to the housing 1 of the device. Turn on the burner device 6, which is a generator of thermal energy for the process of heating the intermediate coolant 8. Into the burner device 6, fuel gas and air are introduced to maintain combustion. The combustion products of fuel 14 resulting from combustion exit the burner device 6 and enter the combustion device 2, where their temperature decreases due to heat transfer to the intermediate heat transfer medium 8 through the inner surface of the combustion device 2, the finned surface of the transfer pipes 18, and the surface of the inner product coil 4 The combustion products of the fuel 14 pass along the entire length of the furnace device 2, are cooled and discharged through the chimney 7 into the atmosphere. In the process of heat transfer, the combustion device 2 is heated and lengthened, and the temperature compensator 16 is compressed relative to the axis of the combustion device 2, compensating for the force from the combustion device 2 to the end wall of the housing 9. The intermediate heat carrier 8 is heated by washing the outer surface of the combustion device 2 and the inner surface of the transfer pipes 18 . During the heating process, the intermediate fluid 8 expands. The excess volume is discharged through the nozzles into the expansion tank 17. The heated intermediate heat carrier 8 transfers heat energy through the surface of the outer food coil 5, to the product inside, whose temperature rises. The heated product enters the external product coil 5 through the product inlet 10, then through the connecting pipe 15 enters the internal product coil 4 and is removed from it through the product outlet pipe 11. As a result of the transfer of thermal energy from the combustion products of the fuel 14 through the intermediate heat transfer medium 8 to external food coil 4, as well as direct transfer of thermal energy to the internal food coil 4, the temperature of the product increases.

Due to the fact that the external food coil is made in the form of a cylindrical spiral located near the outer surface of the furnace device, the heat transfer from the pipes of the food coil to the heated product and from the intermediate coolant to the pipes of the coil increases significantly. The presence of finned transfer pipes allows to significantly increase the heat transfer between the combustion products of the fuel and the intermediate coolant.

Thus, the technical result consisting in a significant increase in heat transfer from the burner device to the intermediate heat carrier, from the intermediate heat carrier to the food coil, from the food coil to the heated product is achieved by performing an external food coil in the form of a cylindrical spiral and the use of fins on the transfer pipes of the combustion device.

Claims (9)

1. A heater for liquid and gaseous media, comprising a housing, inside of which is mounted a cylindrical furnace device attached to it, in which transfer pipes are installed, and at least one external product pipe coil located on the outside of the furnace device, and a burner device, and a chimney placed at the ends of the combustion device, characterized in that the outer grocery tubular coil is made in the form of a cylindrical spiral, transfer pipes are finned, and the axis of the body, t the flask and the external food coil are located in parallel. 2. The heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion device comprises an internal food coil. 3. The heater according to claim 2, characterized in that the internal food coil is made in the form of a cylindrical spiral. 4. The heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion device comprises flow smooth pipes located at an angle of not more than 88 ° from the vertical of the combustion device. 5. The heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is cylindrical. 6. The heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a parallelepiped. 7. The heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion device comprises a temperature compensator. 8. The heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing contains an expansion tank. 9. The heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the food coils have fins.

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