EA035892B1 - Heater for liquid and gaseous medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for heating of various liquid and gaseous products, including oil, water, gas and their mixtures, namely to heaters with an intermediate heat carrier, and can be used in oil, petrochemical, gas and other industries. A heater of liquid and gaseous medium includes a housing, inside which there are arranged, fixed thereof with flanges, a furnace device with a temperature compensator, in an inner space of which there is installed at least one finned overflow pipe and, located on the outside of the furnace device, at least one external product tubular coil made in the form of a cylindrical spiral, as well as a burner device and a stack arranged at ends of the furnace device.

Description

The invention relates to a device for heating various liquid and gaseous products, including oil, water, gas and mixtures thereof, namely to heaters with an intermediate heat carrier, and can be used in oil, petrochemical, gas and other industries.

Known heater (patent for utility model RU No. 43056, IPC F22B 7/00, published on 27.12.2004), which contains a housing mounted on a frame, filled with an intermediate heat carrier, such as fresh water. A product coil is installed in the upper part of the body for heating a product, such as oil. In the lower part of the body there is a flame tube, connected at one end to the burner device, and at the other end to the chimney. In the upper part, the body is equipped with a branch pipe for inlet of an intermediate heat carrier, and in the lower part - with a drain pipe. The body has connections for the inlet and outlet of heated oil. Above the flame tube along it there are guide plates located at an angle of 140 ° to each other, fixed to the connections of the heater body.

However, the disadvantage of such a heater is the low heat transfer from the burner to the intermediate heat carrier, which leads to an increased consumption of fuel gas.

Also known is a heater for oil and oil emulsion (patent for utility model RU No. 66004, IPC F22B 7/00, published on August 27, 2007), characterized in that it has a horizontally elongated cylindrical body filled with an intermediate heat carrier, in the medium of which there are attached to the body with the help of flanges, a U-shaped combustion chamber, into which transverse overflow pipes are introduced, and at least one product tubular coil located above it in the form of a series of sections displaced relative to each other, a burner device, a chimney and an expansion tank.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the low efficiency and economy of operation, first of all, of the combustion device due to low heat transfer from the burner device to the intermediate heat carrier and from the intermediate heat carrier to the product coil, as well as from the product coil to the heated product.

The closest analogue is a heater (patent for a useful model RU No. 178049, IPC F22B 7/00, published on 03/21/2018), containing a flame tube with turbulator rings placed in it, a convection chamber, a burner device adjacent to the end of the flame tube, a gas outlet adjacent to the other end of the flame tube, a jacket in which an intermediate liquid heat carrier is placed and a section of the product coil, made of series-connected straight pipes, which is connected in series with another section of the product coil, located in the convection chamber and made of straight pipes connected in series forming a bundle and having a spiral wire winding on the outer surface, characterized in that the convection chamber is located in the part of the flame tube adjacent to the gas outlet and opposite to the burner device, tubes are placed in the flame tube at an angle to the horizontal, which are fixed in the holes in the wall pipe and open ends enter the jacket.

The disadvantages of this design are the low efficiency and economy of operation, first of all, of the combustion device due to low heat transfer from the burner device to the intermediate heat carrier, from the intermediate heat carrier to the product coil, as well as from the product coil to the heated product.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is to achieve high efficiency of heat transfer from the burner device to the intermediate heat carrier, from the intermediate heat carrier to the product coil, as well as from the product coil to the heated product.

The technical result of the claimed invention consists in a significant increase in heat transfer from the burner device to the intermediate heat carrier, from the intermediate heat carrier to the product coil, as well as from the product coil to the heated product.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the heater for liquid and gaseous media contains a housing, inside of which a combustion device with a temperature compensator attached to it by means of flanges is placed, in the interior of which at least one finned overflow pipe is installed, and located on the outside of the combustion device at least one external product tubular coil, made in the form of a cylindrical spiral, as well as a burner device and a chimney located at the ends of the combustion device.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 and FIG. 2 shows a general view of the claimed device; in fig. 3 - longitudinal section of the device; in fig. 4 - cross section of the device; in fig. 5 section of the combustion device.

Positions in the drawings indicate:

- body;

- combustion device;

- flanges of the combustion device;

- 1 035892

- internal product coil;

- external product coil;

- burner device;

- chimney;

- intermediate heat carrier;

- end wall of the body;

- product inlet branch pipe;

- product outlet branch pipe;

- branch pipe for filling intermediate heat carrier;

- branch pipe for drainage of intermediate heat carrier;

- fuel combustion products;

- connecting pipe;

- temperature compensator;

- expansion tank;

- overflow pipe,

- ribbing of the overflow pipe.

The heater for liquid and gaseous media contains a housing 1, inside of which are placed: a combustion device 2, attached to the housing 1 by means of the flanges of the combustion device 3, and located in it at least one overflow pipe 18 with fins 19.On the outer side of the combustion device is located along at least one external product coil 5. The heater also contains a burner device 6, a chimney 7.

The body 1 is a cylindrical shell oriented horizontally. The body can be made of sheet metal or rolled pipes. In the end walls of the housing 9, holes are made for fastening the combustion device 2 and the chimney 7. An expansion tank 17 can be located in the upper part of the housing, on which a branch pipe is installed for filling the intermediate heat carrier 12. In the absence of an expansion tank, the branch pipe 12 is located directly in the upper part of the housing 1.

In the lower part of the housing 1 there is a branch pipe for drainage of the intermediate heat carrier 13. Also, in the lower part of the housing, at least two supports can be placed, allowing the device to be held horizontally.

The combustion device 2 is a cylindrical shell. A temperature compensator 16 can be located at one of the ends of the shell, designed to compensate for the axial force on the end wall of the housing 9 arising from the thermal expansion of the combustion device 2. The combustion device 2 can be made of sheet metal or rolled pipes. In the inner space of the combustion device 2, at least one overflow pipe 18 with fins 19 is installed.

The overflow tubes 18 are cylindrical metal shells and are made of rolled pipes. Overflow pipes can be arranged in one or more rows. The longitudinal and transverse steps between the overflow pipes 18 are from 10 to 2000 mm. The overflow pipes are located vertically or at an angle of no more than 88 ° relative to the vertical position to ensure uniform flow of the hot intermediate heat carrier 8 at the maximum speed around the outer product coil 5. The overflow pipes 18 are made with external ribbing 19. The ribbing 19 can be of the following types: washer, plate, spiral, wire or split.

The external product coil 5 is a cylindrical spiral and is made of rolled metal pipes. The external product coil is installed so that it can be washed with an intermediate heat carrier 8, while the axes of the external product coil 5 and the combustion device 2 are parallel.

The product inlet branch pipe 10 is a cylindrical shell made of rolled metal pipes, through which the heated product is supplied to the space of the outer product coil 5.

The product outlet pipe 11 is a cylindrical shell made of rolled metal pipes, through which the heated product is removed from the space of the internal product coil 4.

The branch pipe for pouring the intermediate heat carrier 12 and the branch pipe for the drainage of the intermediate heat carrier 13 are a cylindrical shell made of rolled metal pipes.

The connecting branch pipe 15 combines the external product coil 5 and the internal product coil 4, which allows the heated product to pass through the internal cavities of the said coils sequentially.

As an intermediate heat carrier 8, for example, water is used.

Burner 6 is located at one of the ends of the combustion device 2. Burner

- 2 035892 device 6 converts fuel energy in the combustion process into hot combustion products of fuel 14.

The temperature compensator 16 is located between the end of the combustion device 2 on one side and the flange of the combustion device 3 on the other side and is a metal structure of at least one surface made of sheet metal. Inside the temperature compensator 16 there is a casing, which is a metal shell and is designed to protect the inside of the temperature compensator 16 from the combustion products of fuel 14.

The chimney 7 is located at the second end of the combustion device 2 and is a metal cylindrical structure made of sheet metal or rolled pipes.

The expansion tank 17 is attached to the upper part of the housing 1 and is a metal shell, closed at both ends with plugs. It communicates with the inner cavity of the housing 1 by means of branch pipes.

To increase heat transfer from the combustion products of fuel 14 to the heated product, the claimed device may contain an internal product coil 4, which is a cylindrical spiral made of rolled metal tubing. The internal product coil 4 is installed in the internal space of the combustion device with the possibility of washing with the products of combustion of fuel 14, while the axes of the internal product coil 4 and the combustion device 2 are parallel.

The claimed device operates as follows.

Through the branch pipe for pouring the intermediate heat carrier 12, the intermediate heat carrier 8 is supplied to the body 1 of the device. The burner device 6 is turned on, which is a generator of thermal energy for heating the intermediate heat carrier 8. Fuel gas and air are introduced into the burner device 6 to maintain combustion. The combustion products of fuel 14 formed as a result of combustion leave the burner device 6 and enter the combustion device 2, where their temperature decreases due to the transfer of heat to the intermediate heat carrier 8 through the inner surface of the combustion device 2, the finned surface of the overflow pipes 18 and the surface of the internal product coil 4 The combustion products of the fuel 14 pass along the entire length of the combustion device 2, are cooled and discharged through the chimney 7 into the atmosphere. In the process of heat transfer, the combustion device 2 heats up and lengthens, and the temperature compensator 16 is compressed relative to the axis of the combustion device 2, compensating the force from the combustion device 2 to the end wall of the housing 9. The intermediate heat carrier 8 heats up, washing the outer surface of the combustion device 2 and the inner surface of the overflow pipes 18 During heating, the intermediate heat carrier 8 expands. The excess volume is discharged through the branch pipes to the expansion tank 17. The heated intermediate heat carrier 8 transfers heat energy through the surface of the external product coil 5 to the product inside it, the temperature of which rises. The heated product enters the external product coil 5 through the product inlet pipe 10, then through the connecting pipe 15 it enters the inner product coil 4 and is removed from it through the product outlet pipe 11. As a result of the transfer of thermal energy from the fuel combustion products 14 through the intermediate heat carrier 8 to the external product coil 4, as well as the direct transfer of heat energy to the internal product coil 4, the product temperature rises.

Due to the fact that the outer product coil is made in the form of a cylindrical spiral located near the outer surface of the combustion device, the heat transfer from the product coil pipes to the heated product and from the intermediate heat carrier to the coil pipes significantly increases. The presence of finned overflow pipes allows a significant increase in heat transfer between the products of fuel combustion and the intermediate heat carrier.

Thus, the technical result, which consists in a significant increase in heat transfer from the burner device to the intermediate heat carrier, from the intermediate heat carrier to the product coil, from the product coil to the heated product, is achieved due to the implementation of the external product coil in the form of a cylindrical spiral and the use of fins on the overflow pipes of the furnace devices.

Claims (9)

CLAIM 1. A heater for liquid and gaseous media, comprising a housing, inside of which there is a cylindrical combustion device attached to it, in which overflow pipes are installed, and at least one external product tubular coil located on the outside of the combustion device, as well as a burner device and a chimney , located at the ends of the combustion device, characterized in that the outer product tubular coil is made in the form of a cylindrical spiral, the overflow pipes are ribbed and the axes of the body, the combustion device and the outer product coil are parallel. 2. A heater according to claim 1, wherein the combustion device comprises an internal product coil. - 3 035892 3. A heater according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner product coil is made in the form of a cylindrical spiral. 4. A heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion device comprises overflow smooth pipes located at an angle of no more than 88 ° from the vertical of the combustion device. 5. A heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the body is cylindrical. 6. A heater according to claim 1, wherein the body is in the form of a parallelepiped. 7. A heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion device comprises a temperature compensator. 8. A heater according to claim 1, wherein the housing comprises an expansion vessel. 9. A heater according to claim 1, wherein the product coils are finned.