RU2695077C1 - Method and apparatus for processing vector radio signals in full polarization radar stations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radar ranging and radio navigation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radiolocation and can be used to estimate characteristics of scattering of electromagnetic waves by an object, to recognize differences in given characteristics between objects moving at different speeds, detection, evaluation of coordinates and recognition of objects. Said result is achieved by simultaneous measurement of all elements of polarization scattering matrix (PSM), which increases signal-to-noise ratio by two times, as well as due to elimination of method error of measurement error of PSM elements associated with measurement of its columns at different moments of time, which increases accuracy of result of processing vector radio signals in full polarization radar stations.

EFFECT: high accuracy of measuring PSM when processing vector radio signals in full polarization radar stations.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to the field of radar and can be used to assess the characteristics of the scattering of electromagnetic waves by an object, to recognize differences in these characteristics between objects moving at different speeds, detection, estimation of coordinates and recognition of objects.

The level of technology

There is a method of measuring the polarization scattering matrix of an object (PMR), which consists in the fact that simultaneously radiating identical radio signals at different carrier frequencies at orthogonal polarizations, receive corresponding radiated orthogonally polarized components of the reflected radio signals reflected from the object, and equal polarized components of reflected radio signals the receive channel is shared through the use of filters tuned to frequencies corresponding to the frequencies emitted radio signals, measure the amplitudes and phases of each of the selected orthogonally polarized components of the reflected radio signals and get a set of measurement results that determines the measured value of the PMR object [1, 2, 3].

Hereinafter, it is assumed that the structure of a radio signal is determined by the type and parameters of its modulation, that is, it should be understood that radio signals of the same structure have the same parameters of a given type of modulation.

The disadvantage of this method is the methodological measurement error of the elements of the PMR, caused by twice the large frequency range (for frequency separation of radio signals). This is explained by the fact that radio signals orthogonal in polarization are emitted at different frequencies, and it is known [1, 2, 3] that the PMR of objects substantially depend on frequency. Let's show it on a concrete example.

It is known that the normalized diagram of the inverse secondary radiation of an object consisting of two "bright points" is determined by the formula:

, (1)

, (one)

where L is the distance between the points, θ is the angle between the direction of the radiation source and the normal to the line connecting the “bright points”.

Calculations using this formula show that when the distance between the “bright dots” is 15 m, the error in measuring the amplitude of the reflected radio signal due to the difference between the exposure frequencies f1 = 3 GHz and f2 = 3.003 GHz can reach (depending on the angle θ) 100 % of the measured value. Similarly, it can be shown that the measurement errors of the phases of the PMR elements at different frequencies are also determined by the method of measurement, all other conditions being equal.

Closest to the proposed well-known technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a method for measuring the PMR object [4], which consists in the fact that in each period of sounding emit two successively shifted in time orthogonal in structure of the radio signal on the corresponding orthogonal polarizations on one carrier frequency accept all orthogonally polarized components of the radio signals reflected from the object, the output radio signals of each receiver channel corresponding to the polarization serves the inputs of two correlators, as reference voltages, to which radio signals corresponding to the emitted are orthogonal in structure and delayed relative to the reflected radio signals emitted by the delay time, measure the output signal of each correlator and determine the corresponding element of the PMR of the object, and get a set of measurement results that determines its measured value.

The disadvantage of this method is the low accuracy of measurement of the PMR elements as a result of the difference in the reflecting characteristics of the object during its sequential irradiation, since during the time interval between the radiation of the first and second radio signals, the orientation and position of the object in space will change. The only exceptions are spherical objects. With a time-consistent method of measuring the PMR of objects of non-spherical shape, the amplitudes and phases of the reflected orthogonal components of the reflected radio signals corresponding to the elements of one column of this matrix will be measured at one time, and the amplitudes and phases of the reflected or even orthogonal components of the other signals of the other - in another. Since the reflectivity of an object changes during the time between measurements, the magnitude of measurement errors in the first approximation will be proportional to the time interval required for measuring all elements of the PMR, i.e. the magnitude of the signal shift in time relative to each other, and the rate of change of the reflectivity of the object.

A device for measuring the PMR of an object is known, which includes a two-channel polarization antenna, two transmit-receive switches (PPP), two transmitters operating at fairly close frequencies, two high-frequency oscillators (PFC), four frequency filters (PF), four mixers, four matched filter - SF and four amplitude detectors (BP), two blocks measuring the phase difference (BIF), three adders and a synchronizer, and the output of the synchronizer is connected to the inputs of transmitters, the outputs of which through the PPT are connected to the corresponding their two-channel inputs for antenna polarization, the second output of one RFP is connected to the inputs of the first and third BSF, and the other RFP - to the inputs of the second and fourth BSF, the output of the first BSF through the first mixer connected in series and the first SF to the first BP, output of the second BS through the second mixer and the second SF are connected to the second HELL, the output of the third BS is through the third mixer and the third SF is connected to the third HELL, the output of the fourth BSF through the fourth mixer and the fourth SF is connected to the fourth HELL, the output of the first GHCHK is connected to The first and second mixers, and the output of the second GCHCHK are connected to the inputs of the third and fourth mixers, the outputs of the first and second SFs are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first BIF, and the outputs of the third and fourth SFs are connected to the inputs of the second BIF, the outputs of the first and second ADs are connected through the first the adder, and the outputs of the third and fourth HELL through the second adder are connected to the inputs of the third adder, the outputs of the first and second BIF, the HELL of the four receiving channels and the third adder are the outputs of the device [2, 3]. The known device implements the method of simultaneous measurement at different frequencies of the PMR with a relative phase.

A disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy of measurement of PMR objects, because the amplitudes and phases of orthogonally polarized components reflected from objects of radio signals, corresponding to the elements of one PMR column, are measured at one frequency, and the other at another frequency.

As a prototype, a device for measuring the PMR of an object [5] is selected, which includes a two-channel polarization antenna, two transmit and receive switches (PPP), a channel switch (CC), a transmitter, an orthogonal radio signal generator (FOS), a master oscillator (CG), a synchronizer, heterodyne, two mixers, four matched filters (SF), four blocks of quadrature phase detectors (BKFD) and an analog-to-digital converter, the first synchronizer output connected to the first inputs of the FOS, transmitter and QC, to the second input of the transmitter under The first output of the local oscillator is switched on, the output of the FOS is connected to the third input of the transmitter, the output of the master oscillator is connected to the second input, the transmitter output is connected to the CC input, the outputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the two-channel polarization antenna through the corresponding RFP, respectively, the second outputs of the RFP are connected the first inputs of the first and second mixers, the second output of the local oscillator is connected to the second inputs of the mixers, the output of the first mixer through the first and third SFs is connected to the second inputs of the first and second B FD respectively, the output of the second mixer and the second through fourth SFs - to the second inputs of the third and fourth BKFD respectively to first inputs connected to the output of BKFD MH BKFD outputs of the synchronizer and a second output connected to the corresponding inputs of the ADC, whose outputs are the outputs of the device.

The disadvantage of the device, selected as a prototype, is the methodological error obtained when measuring the PMR of objects, due to the fact that the amplitudes and phases of the radio signals corresponding to the elements of one column of the PMR are measured at one time, and the amplitudes and phases of the radio signals corresponding to the elements of the MRR of another column - through the time interval, on which the signals are shifted relative to each other. At the same time, the need to reduce the pulse duration by two times to implement sequential measurement of the elements of one and the second PMR column leads to a decrease in the radio signal-to-noise ratio, respectively, and a decrease in the measurement accuracy of the PMR elements associated with such deterioration of the radio signal-noise ratio.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

The inventions are based on the technical task of improving the accuracy of measuring PMR when processing vector radio signals in full-polarization radar stations by simultaneously measuring all elements of the PMR and subtracting the resulting methodical error.

The task is solved by the fact that in the proposed method of processing vector radio signals in full-polarization radar stations (PP radar) in each period of sounding on one carrier frequency on orthogonal polarizations, two orthogonal polarized signals are received by orthogonal polarizations. radio signals reflected from the object, the output radio signals of each polarization corresponding to the receive channel ka served on the filters, each of which is matched with one of the radiated orthogonal radio signals, the method output error resulting from simultaneous emission and simultaneous reception of two radio signals is subtracted from the radio signals at the output of matched filters, and a measurement result is obtained polarization scattering matrix of the object, which is the result of processing vector radio signals in full-polarization radar stations.

The essence of the proposed method is as follows.

On the same carrier frequency on orthogonal polarizations, two vector radio signals orthogonal in structure are emitted, but, unlike the prototype, they radiate simultaneously in each period. In this case, as in the prototype, remember the initial phase of the emitted radio signals. Then, orthogonally polarized components of the radio signals reflected from the object are received. Next, the output radio signals of each polarization channel corresponding to the receiver channel are fed to the filters, each of which is matched with one of the radio signals that are radiated orthogonal in structure, while the output of the matched filters, unlike the prototype, is subtracted by the method error resulting from simultaneous emission and simultaneous receiving two radio signals. After the calculations, a set of measurement results is obtained, which determines the measured value of the polarization scattering matrix of the object, which is the result of processing the vector radio signals in full-polarization radar stations.

The proposed method in comparison with the prototype leads to the following technical result. Unlike the prototype, the proposed method implements the simultaneous radiation of two channels orthogonal in terms of the structure of signals twice as long as the prototype, which makes it possible to achieve an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio by half, since it does not require a two-fold decrease in the pulse duration during sequential radiation. In addition, eliminates the methodological error of measurement of the elements of the PMR associated with the measurement of its columns at different points in time, characteristic of the prototype, which increases the measurement accuracy.

The implementation of the invention

The method is as follows.

In each sensing period, the locatable object is irradiated simultaneously with two orthogonal structural radio signals at the corresponding orthogonal polarizations on the same carrier frequency, and the initial phases of the radiated radio signals are memorized. Next, orthogonally polarized components of the radio signals reflected from the object are received, the radio signals of each corresponding receiver channel polarization are fed to the filters, each of which is matched with one of the radiated orthogonal radio signals orthogonal, while the output of the matched filters, unlike the prototype, is subtracted methodically an error resulting from the simultaneous emission and simultaneous reception of two radio signals. Further, as in the prototype, the radio signals arrive at blocks of quadrature phase detectors, the output of which at the same time produces a set of measurement results that determines the measured value of the object’s polarization scattering matrix, which is the result of processing the vector radio signals in full-polarization radar stations.

To clarify the implementation of the compensation methodological error, we present the input radio signals of the receivers as follows:

,

,

, (2)

, (2)

,

– радиосигналы на входе ортогонально поляризованных каналов;Where

,

- radio signals at the input of orthogonal polarized channels;

,

– составляющие радиосигналов

и

, излученные и принятые в одноименных плоскостях поляризации;

,

- components of radio signals

and

emitted and received in the same polarization planes;

,

– составляющие радиосигналов

и

, излученные и принятые в перекрестных плоскостях поляризации;

,

- components of radio signals

and

emitted and received in polarization cross planes;

,

– излученные в ортогональных поляризациях ортогональные по структуре радиосигналы;

,

- radiated in orthogonal polarizations orthogonal by the structure of the radio signals;

,

,

,

– элементы ПМР

.

,

,

,

- elements of PMR

.

Then the radio signals at the output of matched filters will have the following form:

, (3)

, (3)

,

,

,

– авто- и взаимно-корреляционные функции радиосигналов

и

.Where

,

,

,

- auto- and cross-correlation functions of radio signals

and

.

The solution of this system of equations are the elements of the PMR:

(4)

(four)

Accordingly, in the proposed method, when measuring elements of the PMR, this solution of the system of equations is taken into account, and the methodological error caused by simultaneous radiation and simultaneous reception of radio signals is compensated.

The calculated values of the PMR and are the result of processing vector radio signals in full-polarization radar stations

The proposed method can be implemented, for example, using a device whose structural diagram is shown in the drawing (Fig. 1).

The proposed device contains a two-channel polarization antenna (A) 1, two switches receiving and transmitting (PPC) 2 and 3, a channel switch (CC) 4, a transmitter 5, a driver of orthogonal signals (FOS) 7, a master oscillator (CG) 8, a local oscillator 9, synchronizer 10, first mixer 11, second mixer 12, four matched filters (SF) 13, 14, 15, 16, four blocks of quadrature phase detectors (BKFD) 29, 30, 31, 32, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 33. In contrast to the prototype, the device contains a transmitter 6, four adders 17, 19, 21, 23, four attenuators 18 , 20, 22, 24, four amplifiers 25, 26, 27, 28.

The outputs of the transmitters 5 and 6 are connected to the first and second inputs of QC, the first and second outputs of which through the corresponding RFP 2 and 3 are connected to the first and second inputs A 1. The second outputs of the RFP 2 and 3 are connected to the first inputs of mixers 11 and 12, respectively. The first output of the synchronizer 10 is connected to the first inputs of QC 4, transmitters 5 and 6 and FOS 7. The first and second outputs of the local oscillator 9 are connected to the second inputs of transmitters 5 and 6, and the first and second outputs of FOS 7 are connected to the third inputs of transmitters 5 and 6. The output of SG 8 is connected to the second input of the FOS 7 and to the first inputs of the BCFD 29, 30, 31, 32. The third output of the local oscillator 9 is connected to the second inputs of the mixers 11 and 12. The output of the mixer 11 is connected to the inputs of the SF 13 and 14, the output of the mixer 12 is connected to the inputs of the Federation Council 15 and 16. The output of the Federation Council 13 is connected to the first input of the adder 17 and the input of the attenuator 20. output SF 14 is connected to the first input of the adder 19 and the input of the attenuator 18. Output SF 15 is connected to the first input of the adder 21 and the attenuator 24. The output of the SF 16 is connected to the first adder 23 and the attenuator 22. The outputs of the attenuators 18, 20, 22, 24 connected to the second inputs of adders 17, 19, 21, 23, respectively. The outputs of the adders 17, 19, 21, 23 are connected to the inputs of amplifiers 25, 26, 27, 28, respectively. The outputs of the amplifiers 25, 26, 27, 28 are connected to the second inputs of BKFD 29, 30, 31, 32, respectively. The second output of the synchronizer 10 and the outputs BKFD 29, 30, 31, 32 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the ADC 33, the outputs of which are the outputs of the device.

The device works as follows.

и

таких, что их взаимная корреляционная функция стремится к нулю. В частности, в качестве таких ортогональных радиосигналов могут быть использованы две специально подобранные многофазные фазокодоманипулированные последовательности [6, 7]. Сформированные на промежуточной частоте ортогональные по структуре радиосигналы

и

поступают на третьи входы передатчиков 5 и 6, на вторые входы которых при этом подаются высокочастотные колебания с первого и второго выходов гетеродина 8 соответственно. В передатчиках осуществляется перенос поступающих колебаний на несущую частоту и усиление полученных радиосигналов по мощности. Импульсы синхронизатора 10, поступающие на первые входы передатчиков 5 и 6, обеспечивают синхронную работу КК 4, передатчиков 5 и 6 и ФОС 7. В каждом периоде зондирования КК 4 по синхроимпульсу, поступающему на его первый вход с первого выхода синхронизатора 10, одновременно, через соответствующие ППП 2 и 3, подключает выходные радиосигналы передатчиков 5 и 6 к соответствующим ортогональным по поляризации каналам А 1, которая излучает их в направлении лоцируемого объекта. Использование непрерывных колебаний ЗГ 8 и гетеродина 9 при одновременном формировании излучаемых и при одновременной обработке принимаемых сигналов обеспечивает запоминание начальных фаз радиосигналов, излучаемых на различных поляризациях. При приеме на каждый из ортогональных по поляризации каналов А 1 принимается сумма составляющих радиосигналов

и

, излученных и принятых в одноименных и перекрестных плоскостях поляризации (2). Эти суммы составляющих радиосигналов

и

через ППП 2 и 3 подаются на входы смесителей 11 и 12 соответственно, выход каждого из которых подключен к входам двух согласованных фильтров 13, 14 и 15, 16 соответственно. В каждой паре фильтров один фильтр согласован с радиосигналом

, а другой – с радиосигналом

, вырабатываемыми ФОС 7. Это позволяет на выходах четырех СФ 13, 14, 15, 16 одновременно получить четыре радиосигнала (3)

,

,

,

соответственно, то есть выделить отдельно каждую ортогонально поляризованную составляющую отраженного от объекта радиосигнала. The master oscillator 8 continuously generates an intermediate frequency voltage, which is fed to the second input of the FOS 7. In each sensing period of the FOS 7, a clock sync pulse arriving at its first input from the first output of the synchronizer 10 generates simultaneously two channels to the first and second outputs, respectively two orthogonal on the structure of the radio signal

and

such that their mutual correlation function tends to zero. In particular, two specially selected multiphase phase-coded manipulated sequences can be used as such orthogonal radio signals [6, 7]. Formed at an intermediate frequency orthogonal in structure radio signals

and

arrive at the third inputs of the transmitters 5 and 6, the second inputs of which are served high-frequency oscillations from the first and second outputs of the local oscillator 8, respectively. The transmitters transfer the incoming oscillations to the carrier frequency and amplify the received radio signals by power. The pulses of synchronizer 10, arriving at the first inputs of transmitters 5 and 6, ensure synchronous operation of QC 4, transmitters 5 and 6, and FOS 7. At each sensing period of QC 4 using a sync pulse arriving at its first input from the first output of synchronizer 10, simultaneously, through corresponding RFP 2 and 3, connects the radio output of transmitters 5 and 6 to the corresponding orthogonal polarization channels A1, which emits them in the direction of the object being located. The use of continuous oscillations of the SG 8 and the local oscillator 9 with the simultaneous formation of radiated and simultaneous processing of the received signals ensures the storage of the initial phases of the radio signals radiated at different polarizations. When receiving on each of the orthogonal by polarization channels And 1 is taken the sum of the components of the radio signals

and

emitted and received in the same and cross polarization planes (2). These amounts of radio components

and

through the SPT 2 and 3 are fed to the inputs of the mixers 11 and 12, respectively, the output of each of which is connected to the inputs of two matched filters 13, 14 and 15, 16, respectively. In each filter pair, one filter is matched to the radio signal.

and the other with a radio signal

produced by WCF. This allows four radio signals to be simultaneously received at the outputs of four SFs 13, 14, 15, 16 (3)

,

,

,

accordingly, that is, to separate separately each orthogonally polarized component of the radio signal reflected from the object.

,

,

,

(3) необходимо получить

,

,

,

– элементы ПМР

. Для этого, в соответствии с решением системы уравнений (4), схема устройства содержит четыре сумматора 17, 19, 21, 23, четыре аттенюатора 18, 20, 22, 24 и четыре усилителя 25, 26, 27, 28. Примем

, где K – больше единицы, так как взаимно-корреляционные функции

,

радиосигналов

и

стремятся к нулю, соответственно K – коэффициент усиления усилителей 25, 26, 27, 28. Примем

,

, тогда данные коэффициенты в соответствии с вышесказанным будут являться коэффициентами аттенюаторов:

– для аттенюаторов 18 и 22, а

– для аттенюаторов 19 и 23. В сумматорах 17, 19, 21, 23 в соответствии с (4) получим следующие значения: для сумматора 17

, для сумматора 19

, для сумматора 21

, для сумматора 23

. Тогда, в соответствии решением (4) системы уравнений (3) и в соответствии со схемой устройства, изображенной на чертеже (Фиг. 1), при подключении выходов СФ 13, 14, 15, 16 к первым входам сумматоров 17, 19, 21, 23 соответственно и к входам аттенюаторов 20, 18, 24, 22 соответственно, выходов аттенюаторов 18, 20, 22, 24 к вторым входам сумматоров 17, 19, 21, 23, а выходов сумматоров 17, 19, 21, 23 к входам усилителей 25, 26, 27, 28, на выходах усилителей будут элементы ПМР

,

,

,

соответственно. Данные значения элементов ПМР с выходов усилителей 25, 26, 27, 28 подаются на вторые входы соответствующих БКФД 29, 30, 31, 32. При этом в качестве опорного напряжения на первые входы БКФД 29, 30, 31, 32 подается напряжение промежуточной частоты с выхода задающего генератора 8. Использование в качестве напряжения гетеродина в смесителях приемника 11 и 12 выходного напряжения гетеродина 9, а в качестве опорных напряжений для БКФД 29, 30, 31, 32 выходного напряжения задающего генератора 8, позволяет скомпенсировать случайные начальные фазы радиосигналов, одновременно излучаемых на разных поляризациях. Каждый БКФД имеет два выхода. По первому выходу выдается напряжение, пропорциональное произведениям амплитуд на косинус, а по второму - на синус разности фаз колебаний, поступающих на входы БКФД. Аналого-цифровой преобразователь 33 производит измерение напряжений сигналов, поступающих с выходов БКФД, осуществляя оцифровку их значений. По сигналам со второго выхода синхронизатора 10 измеренные значения амплитуд квадратурных составляющих, определяющих измеренные значения элементов ПМР объекта, выдаются потребителю.Further, from simultaneously obtained components

,

,

,

(3) need to get

,

,

,

- elements of PMR

. To do this, in accordance with the solution of the system of equations (4), the device circuit contains four adders 17, 19, 21, 23, four attenuators 18, 20, 22, 24 and four amplifiers 25, 26, 27, 28. We take

where K is greater than one, since the cross-correlation functions

,

radio signals

and

tend to zero, respectively, K is the gain of amplifiers 25, 26, 27, 28. We take

,

, then these coefficients in accordance with the above will be attenuator coefficients:

- for attenuators 18 and 22, and

- for attenuators 19 and 23. In the adders 17, 19, 21, 23 in accordance with (4) we obtain the following values: for the adder 17

for adder 19

for adder 21

for adder 23

. Then, in accordance with decision (4) of the system of equations (3) and in accordance with the device diagram shown in the drawing (FIG. 1), when the outputs of the SF 13, 14, 15, 16 are connected to the first inputs of adders 17, 19, 21, 23 respectively, and to the inputs of attenuators 20, 18, 24, 22, respectively, the outputs of attenuators 18, 20, 22, 24 to the second inputs of adders 17, 19, 21, 23, and the outputs of adders 17, 19, 21, 23 to the inputs of amplifiers 25 , 26, 27, 28, at the outputs of the amplifiers will be elements of the PMR

,

,

,

respectively. These values of the elements of the PMR from the outputs of the amplifiers 25, 26, 27, 28 are fed to the second inputs of the corresponding BCFD 29, 30, 31, 32. In this case, as a reference voltage, the first inputs of the BCFD 29, 30, 31, 32 are applied to the intermediate frequency c output of master oscillator 8. Use as a voltage of the local oscillator in mixers receiver 11 and 12 of the output voltage of the local oscillator 9, and as a reference voltage for BKFD 29, 30, 31, 32 of the output voltage of the master oscillator 8, allows you to compensate for random initial phases of radio signals, simultaneously but emitted at different polarizations. Each BKFD has two outputs. The first output provides a voltage proportional to the amplitude products for the cosine, and the second for the sine phase difference of the oscillations arriving at the inputs of the BCFD. Analog-to-digital Converter 33 measures the voltage of the signals coming from the outputs BKFD, digitizing their values. The signals from the second output of the synchronizer 10 measured values of the amplitudes of the quadrature components that determine the measured values of the elements of the PMR of the object, are given to the consumer.

The proposed device in comparison with the prototype has the following technical advantages. Unlike the prototype, in the proposed device with the help of the second transmitter and the changed, compared to the prototype, logic of the channel switch, shaper of orthogonal signals and synchronizer, two signals, which are orthogonal in structure to the signal doubled in duration, are emitted simultaneously, which allows you to achieve an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio by half, since it does not require a two-fold decrease in the pulse duration with successive radiation. In addition, using adders, amplifiers and attenuators eliminates the methodical error of measurement error of the PMR elements associated with the measurement of its columns at different points in time, characteristic of the prototype, which increases the accuracy of the measurement of the PMR and, accordingly, increases the accuracy of the result of processing the vector radio signals in full-polarization radar stations.

Industrial Applicability.

These method and device can be implemented on modern element base and with the greatest effect can be applied in full-polarization radar stations.

INFORMATION SOURCES

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3. Kanareikin D. B., Potekhin V.A., Shishkin I.F. Marine polarimetry. - Leningrad: Shipbuilding, 1968. - 328 p.

4. Hrabrostin B.V., Nikitin V.M. Method and device for measuring the polarization scattering matrix of an object // Patent of the Russian Federation IZ No. 2190239. 09/27/2002. Bul No. 27

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7. Leukhin A.N. Theory of synthesis of discrete phase-coded sequences with a single-level periodic autocorrelation function: teaching manual. In 2 books. Kn.1. - Yoshkar-Ola: Mari State University, 2015. - 320 p.

Claims (2)

1. The method of processing a vector signal in full-polarization radar stations, which consists in the fact that the vector radio signals emitting orthogonal in structure on one carrier frequency at orthogonal polarizations, memorize the initial phases of the emitted radio signals, receive orthogonally polarized components of radio signals reflected from the object, the output radio signals of each corresponding signal polarization of the receiver channel is fed to the filters, each of which is matched with one of the radiated orthogonal the structure of radio signals are measured parameters of the output RF signal, determining a corresponding polarizing element of the scattering matrix of the object, characterized in that in each period of two orthogonal sensing structure on respective radio signal orthogonal polarizations simultaneously emit and receive simultaneously; The method error from the simultaneous emission and simultaneous reception of two signals is subtracted from the output signals of the matched filters, and a set of measurement results is obtained that determines the measured value of the object’s polarization scattering matrix resulting from processing the vector radio signals in full-polarization radar stations. 2. Vector signal processing device in full-polarization radar stations, including a dual-channel polarization antenna, two receive and transmit switches, a channel switch, a transmitter, an orthogonal signal generator, a master oscillator, a local oscillator, a synchronizer, two mixers, four matched filters, four quadrature phase blocks detectors, analog-to-digital converter, characterized in that the device contains a second transmitter, four adders, four amplifiers and four attenuators, Why are the outputs of the transmitters connected to the first and second inputs of the channel switch, the first and second outputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the two-channel polarization antenna through the respective transmit-receive switches; the second outputs of the transmit-receive switches are connected to the first inputs of the first and second mixers, respectively; the first output of the synchronizer is connected to the first inputs of the channel switch, the transmitters and the orthogonal signal generator; the first and second outputs of the local oscillator are connected to the second inputs, and the first and second outputs of the orthogonal shaper are connected to the third inputs of the transmitters; the output of the master oscillator is connected to the second input of the shaper of orthogonal signals and to the first inputs of quadrature phase detector units, the third output of the local oscillator is connected to the second inputs of the mixers; the output of the first mixer is connected to the inputs of the first and second matched filters, the output of the second mixer is connected to the inputs of the third and fourth matched filters; the output of the first matched filter is connected to the first input of the first adder and the input of the second attenuator, the output of the second matched filter is connected to the first input of the second adder and the input of the first attenuator, the output of the third matched filter is connected to the first input of the third adder and the input of the fourth attenuator, the output of the fourth matched filter is connected to the first input of the third attenuator and the input of the fourth adder; the outputs of the four attenuators are connected to the second inputs of the corresponding adders, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the respective amplifiers, the outputs of which are connected to the second inputs of the respective quadrature phase detector units; the second output of the synchronizer and the outputs of the quadrature phase detector blocks are connected to the corresponding inputs of the analog-to-digital converter, the outputs of which are the outputs of the device.

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