RU2694891C1 - Method for operation of a pulse-doppler on-board radar station of a fighter while ensuring energy security of its operation for emission - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radar ranging and radio navigation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of radar ranging and can be used in pulse-Doppler onboard radar station (BRS) to ensure energy security of its operation for radiation when detecting an aerial target carrier of a radio reconnaissance station (RRS). Method for operation of a pulse-Doppler on-board radar station of a fighter while providing energy security of its operation on radiation involves generation of a high-frequency sequence of probing pulses, amplification thereof in terms of power, radiation in the direction of the aerial target of the radio reconnaissance station carrier, reception, amplification, conversion of reflected signals to intermediate frequencies, their selection by range and Doppler frequency, conversion of signals into digital form with their subsequent spectral analysis, wherein control signals proportional to discrepancy parameters are generated Δ_i (

is the number of control signals) in BRS when controlling average radiation power P_brc transmitter and time coherent accumulation of signal T_ca in receiver and irradiation T_irr aircraft target aerial target RRS, in accordance with a certain expression.

EFFECT: generation of probing signal radiation control and reception of station reflected from air target-carrier RRS signal in pulse-Doppler BRS fighter, which provides for energy security of operation BRS fighter for radiation with a given probability when detecting an aerial target carrier of a station RRS.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of radar and can be used in a pulse-Doppler airborne radar station (radar) to provide energy protection of its work on the radiation when it detects an airborne target carrier radio intelligence station (RTR).

There is a method of functioning a coherent-pulsed radar device, consisting in forming a signal using a master oscillator, converting it into a high-frequency signal by multiplying its frequency, amplifying power and radiation into space, receiving a radar signal reflected from an air target, converting it to an intermediate frequency, amplification and phase detection for further processing in the receiving radar path [1].

The disadvantage of this method of functioning coherent-pulse device radar is the inability with its help to ensure the secrecy of the radar on the radiation with a given probability when it detects an air target, equipped with an RTR station.

There is a method of functioning of the pulse-Doppler radar, which consists in forming a high-frequency sequence of probe pulses, their amplification in power, radiation into space, reception, amplification, conversion of reflected signals to intermediate frequencies, their selection in range and Doppler frequency, digitizing signals with their subsequent spectral analysis [2].

The disadvantage of this method is the inability with its help to ensure the secrecy of the radar on radiation with a given probability when it detects an air target - the carrier of the station RTR. This is due to the fact that, on the one hand, the range D of the _target detection target - carrier of the RTR station using a pulse-Doppler radar is defined by the expression [2]

Where

P _brls is the average radiated power of the radar transmitter;

T _kn - the time of coherent accumulation of the signal in the receiver, equal to the time of irradiation of the air target - carrier of the RTR station;

G _brls - the directional coefficient of the transmitting antenna radar;

S _a is the effective area of the receiving radar antenna;

σ _ptr - effective area of reflection of the air target - carrier of the station RTR;

α _p - the coefficient of energy loss of the signal when it is processed in the receiver radar;

N ₀ is the spectral density of the internal noise of the radar receiver;

R ₀ is the ratio of the signal energy to the noise spectral density at which the detection of an air target — carrier of an RTR station with given probability characteristics is ensured.

On the other hand, the maximum detection distance D _ptr station RTR emitted radar high frequency probe signal is given by [3]

Where

G _ptr - the directional coefficient of the receiving antenna station RTR;

λ _brls - the wavelength of the radar;

Р _ртр - sensitivity of the receiver of the station _РТР .

In this case, there are two situations. The first situation is when the detection range of the radiated radar signal of the RTR station exceeds the radar detection range of the RTR station carrier, i.e. D _РТР > D _БЛЛС , which leads to the fact that at a distance D _{c an} air carrier target of an RTR station relative to a fighter with its BRLS, a signal-to-noise ratio is created at the input of the receiver of the RTR station, which ensures that the RTR station detects radar radars with given probability characteristics. The second situation is when the detection range of the radar of the airborne target carrier of the RTR station exceeds the detection range of the radar radar of the probing signal by the RTR station, i.e. D _BRLS > D _RTR , which leads to a distance D _{c of the} air target carrier of the RTR station relative to the fighter, with its BRLS, at the input of the receiver of the RTR station, creates a signal-to-noise ratio that does not detect radar radiation with given probability characteristics. In the first case, stealth radar on the radiation is not provided, and in the second is provided with a given probability.

Therefore, to ensure the secrecy of the radar to radiate with a given probability when it detects an airborne target carrier RTR station, it is necessary to constantly monitor and maintain the required signal-to-noise ratio at the RTR station receiver input by controlling the fighter radar operation parameters.

The purpose of the invention is to form a control of the radiation of the probing signal and the reception of a signal reflected from an air target carrier of an RTR station in a pulse-Doppler radar fighter, which will ensure the energy secrecy of the fighter's radar radiation with a given probability when it detects an RTR station's air target carrier.

- количество управляющих сигналов) при управлении средней мощностью излучения Р_брлс передатчика и временами когерентного накопления сигнала Т_кн в приемнике и облучения Т_обл воздушной цели - носителя станции РТР в соответствии с выражениемThis goal is achieved by the fact that in the mode of functioning of the pulse-Doppler radar while ensuring the energy secrecy of its work on radiation, consisting in the formation of high-frequency sequence of probe pulses, their amplification in power, radiation in the direction of the air target - carrier of the RTR station, reception, amplification, transformation reflected signals at intermediate frequencies, their selection in range and Doppler frequency, the conversion of signals into digital form, followed by their spectral analysis ohm further detection aerial target carrier RTR station, in a pulse-Doppler radar formed parameter mismatch Δ _i (

- the number of control signals) for control of average radiation power P _radar transmitter and coherent accumulation times T signal in the receiver and _{the book} irradiation aerial target _region T - RTR station carrier in accordance with the expression

Where

- требуемые значения управляемых параметров,

- the required values of the controlled parameters,

- требуемые значения средней излучаемой мощности передатчика БРЛС, времени облучения воздушной цели - носителя станции РТР и времени когерентного накопления сигнала в приемнике БРЛС соответственно;

- the required values of the average radiated power of the radar transmitter, the time of irradiation of the air target - carrier of the RTR station and the time of coherent accumulation of the signal in the radar receiver, respectively;

- текущие значения управляемых параметров,

- current values of controlled parameters,

P _brls , T _reg , T _kn - the current values of the average radiated power of the radar transmitter, the exposure time of the air target carrier of the RTR station and the coherent accumulation time of the signal in the fighter radar receiver, respectively;

D _n - measured range to the target air-RTR carrier station;

- требуемое отношение сигнал/шум на входе приемника станции РТР для обеспечения заданных вероятностей правильного обнаружения излучения БРЛС станцией РТР при фиксированной вероятности ложной тревоги;

- the required signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver input of the RTR station to ensure the specified probabilities of the correct detection of the radar of the RTR station at a fixed probability of a false alarm;

- спектральная плотность мощности внутренних шумов приемника станции РТР;

- the spectral power density of the internal noise of the receiver station RTR;

T _with - the signal processing time in the station PTP;

k is a constant characterizing the energy potential of a radar station;

k ₁ = (0 ... 1) is the loss factor in the signal energy when it is processed at the RTR station, in relation to the signal energy, when it is coherently processed in the radar;

при обнаружении излучения БРЛС;h is the threshold value that determines the value of the false alarm probability

when radar radiation is detected;

- вероятность правильного обнаружения станцией РТР излучения БРЛС;

- the probability of the correct detection of radar by the RTR station;

- операция обратного преобразования Лапласа.

- operation of the inverse Laplace transform.

Expressions (4) - (8) are due to the following factors.

и

излучения БРЛС станцией РТР зависят от отношения сигнал/шум на входе приемника станции РТР. С учетом этого, для обеспечения скрытности работы БРЛС истребителя с заданной вероятностью, величина которой (вероятности) равна вероятности необнаружения

излучения БРЛС станцией РТР необходимо, чтобы на входе приемника станции РТР отношение сигнал/шум соответствовало бы определенному, зависящему от величин

и

значению

(выражения (7), (8) [4]). С учетомProbabilistic detection characteristics

and

Radiation radar station RTR depends on the signal-to-noise ratio at the input of the receiver station RTR. With this in mind, to ensure the secrecy of the radar of the fighter with a given probability, the value of which (probability) is equal to the probability of non-detection

radar radar station RTR it is necessary that at the input of the receiver station RTR signal-to-noise ratio would correspond to a certain, depending on the values

and

meaning

(expressions (7), (8) [4]). Taking into account

Where

- минимальное значение мощности сигнала на входе приемника станции РТР для обеспечения заданных вероятностных характеристик и приняв в выражении (2)

, а также учитывая тот факт, что станция РТР обнаруживает излучение БРЛС на дальности D_ц (приравняв дальности D_ртр=D_ц) выражение (2) преобразуется к виду (4).

- the minimum value of the signal power at the receiver input of the station РТР to ensure the specified probability characteristics and taking in the expression (2)

and also taking into account the fact that the RTR station detects the radiation of a radar station at a distance D _c (equating the distance D _ptr = D _c ), expression (2) is converted to form (4).

Expressions (5) and (6) are due to the need to ensure the constancy of the energy potential in the form of the product P _brls T _kn to preserve the detection characteristics of the radar, because while securing the radar of the radar for radiation, the power of its transmitter P _{6 rls} decreases to reduce the signal-to-noise ratio receiver station RTR, which leads to a decrease in the detection range of the station RTR radar radar (formula (2) and at the same time increases the time of coherent accumulation of T _kn , in order to preserve the detection range radar of the airborne target carrier station of RTR at the same level (formula (1).

Expression (9) is caused by the absence of a priori information about the parameters of the radar sounding signal on board the RTR station, which leads to a loss in energy of the signal when it is processed in the RTR station with respect to the coherent processing in the radar.

на входе приемника станции РТР, во-вторых, в соответствии с формулами (4) и (5) с учетом формул (6) и (9) определяются требуемые значения

и, в-третьих, в соответствии с выражением (3) вычисляется параметр рассогласования, который и определяет такое управление текущими значениями Р_6рлс, Т_обл, Т_кн, при котором рассогласование сводится к нолю.Thus, to ensure the secrecy of the fighter radar of a fighter for radiation with a given probability at a fixed probability of false detection of radar by an RTR station, first, the required signal-to-noise ratio is determined in accordance with expressions (7) and (8)

at the entrance of the receiver of the station РТР, secondly, the required values are determined in accordance with formulas (4) and (5) with regard to formulas (6) and (9)

and, thirdly, in accordance with the expression (3), the mismatch parameter is calculated, which determines this control of the current values of P _6rls , T _region , T _kn , at which the mismatch is reduced to zero.

New features with significant differences are:

1. Formation in accordance with the expression (3) of the control signal of the radar parameters while ensuring the energy secrecy of its work on the radiation when it detects an air target carrier of the RTR station.

в соответствии с формулами (4)-(9) и текущих значений управляемых сигналов

2. Formation of the required values of controlled signals

in accordance with formulas (4) - (9) and the current values of the controlled signals

These signs have significant differences, as in the known methods are not detected.

The use of new features, in conjunction with the known ones, will ensure the energy secrecy of the radar for radiation with a given probability when the radar of the airborne carrier of the RTR station is detected.

The method of functioning of the pulse-Doppler radar fighter while ensuring the energy secrecy of its work on radiation is implemented as follows (figure).

Using a master oscillator (SG) 1, a synchronizer (C) 2 and a modulator (M) 3, high-frequency sequences of sounding pulses are generated, which are amplified in the high-frequency power amplifier (UHF) with controlled gain and through the antenna switch (AP) 5, the antenna (A) 6 is radiated in the direction of the air target - carrier station RTR.

Reflected from the air target carrier station RTR signals are received by the antenna 6 and through the antenna switch 5 are fed into the receiver radar, which is amplified in the high frequency amplifier (UHF) 7, converted in the path 8 conversion to intermediate frequencies (TFTS), are selected by range the selector 9 range (LED) using selector pulses at its input from the output of the synchronizer 2. In the meter 13 (ID) measured value of the distance, and in the Converter 10 (Pr), the inputs of which receive the values of the orientation angles grams of antenna directivity in the vertical and horizontal planes from the output of the angular channel (not shown in the diagram) and the value of the radar carrier's own speed from the output of the navigation complex (not shown in the diagram) selects signals by the Doppler frequency. In the converter 11 (Pr), the signal from the analog form is converted into a digital form, which is fed to the input of the block 12 Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), where its spectral analysis is carried out, and from its output - to the indicator.

и

соответствующих режиму функционированию БРЛС при обнаружении ВЦ-носителя станции РТР; измеренное значение дальности до обнаруживаемой воздушной цели-носителя станции РТР с выхода измерителя 13 дальности (ИД); заданные вероятность обеспечения скрытности работы БРЛС на излучение

и вероятность

ложного обнаружения излучения БРЛС станцией РТР. В вычислителе 15 в соответствии с выражениями (4)-(9) рассчитываются требуемые значения управляемых параметров

которые поступают на вход вычислителя 16 параметра рассогласования (ВЧПР), на второй вход которого поступают текущие значения управляемых параметров

. Значения управляемых параметров x_yi формируются в формирователе (Ф) 14 управляемых параметров на основе текущих значений управляемых параметров Р_брлс, Т_обл и Т_кн функционирования БРЛС, поступающих на его входы соответственно с выхода усилителя мощности высокой частоты 4, системы управления антенны 18 (СУА) и блока БПФ 12, в котором время когерентного накопления Т_кн обратно пропорционально эквивалентной полосе пропускания одного бина алгоритма БПФ. Причем, значения управляемых параметров x_yi формируются на выходе формирователя 14 управляемых сигналов только при наличии на его входе сигнала, поступающего с измерителя дальности 13, что свидетельствует об обнаружении воздушной цели - носителя станции РТР, а следовательно - и о необходимости обеспечения энергетической скрытности работы БРЛС истребителя на излучение.Simultaneously, the inputs of the transmitter 15 (HF) are received: the initial values of the parameters

and

corresponding to the mode of operation of the radar with detection of the VTS carrier of the RTR station; the measured value of the distance to the detectable air target carrier of the RTR station from the output of the range meter 13; given the probability of ensuring the secrecy of the radar radiation

and probability

false radiation detection radar station RTR. In the calculator 15, in accordance with expressions (4) - (9), the required values of the controlled parameters are calculated

which arrive at the input of the calculator 16 mismatch parameter (VCHPR), the second input of which receives the current values of the controlled parameters

. The values of the controllable parameters x _yi formed in the shaper (F) 14 controlled parameters based on the current values of the control parameters P _radar, T _region and T _Vol functioning radar arriving at its inputs respectively to the output of the power amplifier of high frequency 4, an antenna control system 18 (SRA ) and the block FFT 12, in which the coherent accumulation time T _{kn is} inversely proportional to the equivalent bandwidth of one bin of the FFT algorithm. Moreover, the values of the controlled parameters x _yi are formed at the output of the shaper 14 controlled signals only if there is a signal at its input coming from the distance meter 13, which indicates the detection of the air target - carrier of the RTR station, and therefore the need to ensure the energy secrecy of the radar fighter on radiation.

не будет равен нолю, что и будет свидетельствовать об обеспечении энергетической скрытности работы БРЛС истребителя на излучение с заданной вероятностью.From the output of the calculator 16 parameter mismatch value Δ _{i is} fed to the input of the driver 17 (FSU) control signals, the output of which generates control signals U ₁ , U ₂ , U ₃ proportional to the mismatch parameter Δ _i and arrive respectively at the inputs of the amplifier 4 high frequency power , block 12 FFT and antenna control system 18. Thus, using the control signal U ₁ in the high-frequency power amplifier 4, its gain is changed, that is, the radiated power P _{brls of the} fighter BRLS transmitter, the control signal U ₂ in the FFT unit 12 changes the equivalent bandwidth of one bin of the FFT algorithm ( time T _Vol coherent integration radar signal at a receiver), and using control signal U ₃ in the system control 18 implemented antenna change exposure time T aerial target _region - carrier RTR station. The control of the values of Р _6рлс , T _region and Т _кн will be carried out until the mismatch parameter Δ _i

it will not be equal to zero, which will indicate that the fighter’s radar radar is being energized for radiation with a given probability.

Thus, the proposed method will ensure the energy secrecy of the radar for radiation with a given probability when the radar of the air target carrier station RTR.

Information sources

1. Aviation radar systems and systems: a textbook for students and cadets of universities of the Air Force / PI. Dudnik, G.S. Kondratenkov, B.G. Tatarsky, A.R. Ilchuk, A.A. Gerasimov. Ed. P.I. Angelica - M .: ed. VVIA them. prof. NOT. Zhukovsky, 2006, pages 527-528, Figure 11.4 (equivalent).

2. Aviation radar systems and systems: a textbook for students and cadets of universities of the Air Force / PI. Dudnik, G.S. Kondratenkov, B.G. Tatarsky, A.R. Ilchuk, A.A. Gerasimov. Ed. P.I. Angelica - M .: ed. VVIA them. prof. NOT. Zhukovsky, 2006, pages 630 (formula (12.89), 639-641, figure 12.39 (prototype).

3. Belotserkovsky GB Basics of radar and radar devices. - M .: “Owls. Radio, 1975, page 96, formula (4.8).

4. Tikhonov V.I. Optimum reception of signals. - M .: Radio and communication, 1983. - 320 with formulas (2.2.6, 2.2.7)

Claims (26)

The method of operation of the pulse-Doppler airborne radar fighter while ensuring the energy secrecy of its work on radiation, which consists in the formation of high-frequency sequence of probing pulses, their amplification in power, radiation in the direction of the air target - carrier of the radio intelligence station, receiving, amplifying, converting the reflected signals to intermediate frequencies, their selection in range and Doppler frequency, the conversion of signals into digital form with yuschim their spectral analysis, characterized in that the detection aerial target carrier station ELINT pulsed Doppler radar with sides formed parameter mismatch Δ _i, where

- the number of control signals in controlling the average radiation power P _radar transmitter and a coherence time accumulation signal T _book in the receiver and the irradiation _region aerial target T - carrier ELINT station in accordance with the expression

Where

- the required values of the controlled parameters,

- required values of average radiated power the transmitter of the airborne radar station, the time of irradiation of the airborne target - the carrier of the electronic reconnaissance station and the time of coherent accumulation of the signal in the airborne radar receiver, respectively;

- current values of controlled parameters, P _brls , T _region and T _kn are the current values of the average radiated power of the transmitter of the onboard radar station, the exposure time of the airborne target of the radio intelligence station and the time of coherent signal accumulation in the receiver of the onboard fighter radar station, respectively

D _n - measured distance to the target air-carrier electronic intelligence station;

- the required signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver input of the electronic intelligence station to ensure the specified probabilities of correct detection of radiation from the onboard radar station by the electronic intelligence station with a fixed probability of a false alarm;

- spectral power density of the internal noise receiver of the station electronic reconnaissance; G _brls - coefficient of directional action of the transmitting antenna of the onboard radar; G _ptr - the coefficient of the directional action of the receiving antenna of the station electronic intelligence; λ _brls - airborne radar wavelength; T _with - the signal processing time in the station PTP; k is a constant characterizing the energy potential of an onboard radar station; k ₁ = (0 ... 1) is the loss factor in the signal energy when it is processed in the radio intelligence station, with respect to the signal energy, during its coherent processing in the airborne radar station; h is the threshold value that determines the value of the false alarm probability

, upon detection of radiation from the airborne radar;

- the probability of correct detection by the station of radio-technical intelligence of radiation from the onboard radar station;

- operation of the inverse Laplace transform.

Images