RU2689670C1 - Double clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building, particularly, to double clutch. Double clutch includes housing (9), packs of friction discs (3–6) arranged concentrically between each other, hydraulic cylinders with pistons (36) and (42). Housing (9) has side wall (11) on which rim (16) surrounding piston (36) located opposite pack of disks (3) and (5) is fixed. Wall (11) is made with outer ring ledge (12), on which piston (36) is located, and with internal annular ledge (13) surrounding piston (42). On ledge (12) there are external and internal gear sections (33) and (34). Piston (36) and disks (3) are engaged with toothed section (33). Discs (6) are engaged with toothed section (34). Cover (58) of compensation chamber (50) is installed inside rim (16) on piston (36). In cylindrical wall of piston (36) in gap between its end wall and cover (58) there is hole (57) located opposite radial hole (56), made in protrusion (12). On two sides of hole (56) two radial seals (55) are installed.EFFECT: higher compactness.3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to the transmissions of vehicles. It concerns the double clutch used to connect the engine shaft with the shafts of the gearbox.

Known double clutch, shown in the application US No. 2016116035, containing two multi-plate friction clutches with hydraulic control by means of hydraulic cylinders arranged in series one after another, which increases the length of the double clutch. A closer analogue is the double clutch, shown in US Pat. No. 7,318,512. It contains internally mounted packages of friction disks of different diameters arranged concentrically among themselves, hydraulic cylinders with pistons of different diameters located successively behind packages of friction disks. One of these hydraulic cylinders with a piston and a return spring is installed outside the clutch housing, which increases the longitudinal size of the double clutch.

The task is to create a compact dual clutch of a simple and reliable design, which is convenient to be built into the transmission between the engine of a vehicle and a multi-stage gearbox with two primary shafts.

The solution to the task of creating a compact double clutch is ensured by the fact that in a double clutch containing a body, packages of friction disks of different diameters arranged concentric with each other, hydraulic cylinders with pistons of different diameters, the clutch body is made with a side wall on which the rim is fixed surrounding the larger diameter piston located opposite the package of friction discs of larger diameter, the side wall of the housing is made with an outer annular ledge on which a piston of larger diameter is located, and with An outer and inner gear sections are made on the outer annular ledge of the side wall of the case with an annular protuberance surrounding the piston of a smaller diameter, a larger diameter piston and discs located in a larger diameter bag with discs located in the larger gear package with an external gear portion a smaller diameter, inside the rim on a larger diameter piston, a cover of the compensation chamber is installed, in a cylindrical wall of a larger diameter piston in the gap between its end walls The aperture and the cover of the compensation chamber have an opening opposite the radial opening made in the outer annular protrusion of the side wall of the housing, in which two radial seals are installed on opposite sides of the radial opening.

The arrangement of the friction disc packs concentrically reduces the axial size of the clutch, the engagement of the discs of both packs with the outer annular protrusion of the housing reduces the radial size of the adhesion, and the engagement of the piston with the outer annular protrusion reduces wear of its sealing elements, which may occur due to torsional vibrations.

In a piston of smaller diameter, a cylindrical shell is installed with a lateral support section surrounding the lid of the compensation chamber. A spring is installed between the lid of the compensation chamber and the supporting section of the shell in contact with the piston. Installation in the piston of a smaller diameter cylindrical shell with a side bearing area surrounding the cover of the compensation chamber, simplifies the design of the double clutch.

The double clutch contains a torsional vibration damper with a pendulum anti-vibration, containing arc springs located between the covers connected to the disk of the clutch drive shaft and the rim. The pendulum anti-vibration contains pendulum masses made in the form of plates hinged to the side wall of the body and located on opposite sides of it. The inner plate of the anti-vibration is located on the side wall of the housing between its outer annular protrusion and the inner annular protrusion. The plates are mounted on rods located between the radial holes made in the side wall of the housing. The presence of a torsional vibration damper with the pendulum anti-vibration mentioned above reduces wear of the sealing elements of the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders for controlling the clutches.

The technical result provided by the invention is to improve the compactness of the double clutch and its reliability.

The figure 1 shows a double clutch, a longitudinal section.

The figure 2 shows the arc spring damper torsional vibrations, part of an isometric image.

The figure 3 shows the pendulum mass of the anti-vibration by type A.

The figure 4 shows the double clutch in the section with its sequential disassembly.

The double clutch shown in FIG. 1 contains clutches 1 and 2 with concentrically arranged packages of driving disks 3 and 4 and driven friction disks 5 and 6 of different diameters. It is equipped with a damper 7 torsional vibrations with a pendulum anti-vibration 8 installed in the housing 9 of the clutch. The clutch housing 9 comprises a hollow hub 10 with a side wall 11. The side wall 11 is made with a stepped external annular protrusion 12 and an internal annular protrusion 13 surrounding the inner cylindrical section 14 of the hub 10. A pendulum anti-vibration 8 is installed on the side wall 11 of the housing 9. With the side wall 11 of the clutch housing, a side wall 15 of a cylindrical rim 16 having an outer spline section 17 is connected. One of the covers 18 of the damper 7 of torsional vibrations having an inner side 19 is connected to the spline section 17. The lid 18 iksirovana on the rim 16 from the axial movement of its inner side 19 and the stop ring 20 located on the side of the wall 15 of the rim 16.

On the opposite side, slots 21 are made in the lid 18 (FIG. 2), between the edges 22 of which are located the arc springs 23 of the damper 7. In the compressed state the arc springs 23 of the damper 7 are also installed in the slots 24 between their edges 25 in the other cover 26 of the damper 7. Cover 26 is made with protrusions 27 located above the slits 24 and representing parts of the outer torus surface covering the springs 23 from the outside, forming radial stops for them.

The cover 26 (FIG. 1) has an internal spline section 28 to which the disk 29 of the clutch drive shaft 30 is connected. The disk 29 is located in the lid 26 at its inner bead 31 and is fixed against axial movement by the thrust ring 32. The clutch drive shaft 30 is connected by torsional vibration damper 7 of the damper 7 to the outer annular protrusion 12 of the side wall 11 of the clutch housing. The outer annular protrusion 12, made on the side wall 11 of the clutch housing, has an outer toothed portion 33 and an inner toothed portion 34. With the outer toothed portion 33 of the protrusion 12, the driving clutch discs 3 and the pushing portion 35 of the piston 36 of the hydraulic cylinder of the clutch 1 mounted on the cylindrical section 37 of the protrusion 12. The driven discs 5 of the coupling 1 are engaged with the inner rim 38 of the drum 39 connected to one of the gearbox input shafts 40 (not shown). With the internal gear portion 34 of the protrusion 12, the drive disks 4 of the clutch 2 are located opposite the pressure section 41 of the piston 42 of the clutch control hydraulic cylinder 2. The piston 42 is mounted on the inner cylindrical section 14 of the hub 10 in the inner annular protrusion 13. The driven disks 6 of the clutch 2 are engaged with the outer gear rim 43 of the drum 44, connected to another primary shaft 45 of the gearbox.

In the side wall 11 of the housing 9 between the outer and inner annular protrusions 12 and 13 are made arc grooves 46 (figure 3), evenly spaced between the radial holes 47, communicated with the chamber 48 of the control cylinder of the clutch 1, and between the radial holes 49 designed to supply the working fluids into the compensation chamber 50. Rods 51 are mounted in arc slots 46, with which external and internal pendulum masses of antivibrator 8 are pivotally connected, made in the form of plates 52. Rods 51 on which plates 52 are mounted, pa placed between the radial holes 47 and 49, made in the side wall 11 of the housing 9. The plates 52, forming pendulum masses, are located on opposite sides of the side wall 11 of the housing 9. The inner plate of the anti-vibration 8 is located on the side wall 11 of the housing 9 between its outer ring the protrusion 12 and the inner annular protrusion 13.

In the rim 16, an internal radial seal 53 is installed that encloses the piston 36, which in its initial position is fixed with an abutment to the step 54. The shoulder 54 is placed on the cylindrical portion 37 of the outer annular protrusion 12. On the outer protrusion 12 there are two radial seals 55, between which in the protrusion 12, radial holes 56 are made opposite opposite holes 57 made in piston 36 for supplying working fluid through radial holes 49 to compensation chamber 50. Compensation chamber 50 is closed by a cover 58 with external and internal These radial seals 59 and 60 therein. The cover 58 is secured against axial movement by an internal stop ring 61 mounted in the rim 16.

In the compensation chamber 50 there are installed return springs 62 located between the cover 58 and the piston 36. The outer and inner radial seals 63 and 64 of its working chamber 65 are installed in the piston 42 of the clutch control hydraulic cylinder 2. A cylindrical shell 66 with a lateral support section is installed in the piston 42, surrounding the cover 67 of the compensation chamber 68, containing an outer radial seal 69. In the chamber 68, between the cover 67 and the side bearing section of the shell 66, a return spring 70 is installed, pressing the shell 66 to the piston 42. Shell 6 6 is fixed against axial movement by the stop ring 71 mounted on the inner portion 14 of the hub 10.

To disassemble the double clutch, it is removed from the crankcase 72 of the gearbox (not shown) with the cover 73 removed (figure 1). Disassembly of the double clutch is carried out in the following sequence (figure 4). Remove the ring 32 and disconnect the clutch drive shaft 30 from the cover 26. The arc springs 23 together with the cover 26 are removed from the slots 21 of the cover 18. The drums 39 and 44 are disengaged from the clutch discs 5 and 6 of the sleeves 1 and 2, respectively. Remove the ring 20 and disconnect the cover 18 from the clutch housing 9. Next, disassembly of the housing 9 clutch with controls clutches 1 and 2 produce exploded. The assembly of the double clutch is carried out in reverse order.

The double clutch operates when the working fluid is alternately supplied under pressure into the chambers 48 and 65 of the hydraulic cylinders of the couplings 1 and 2, depending on the gear in the gearbox. At the moment of turning on one of the clutches 1 or 2, the torque from the drive shaft 30 is transmitted to the cover 26 and the arc springs 23 to the cover 18 of the damper 7 of torsional vibrations connected to the clutch housing 9.

Under the influence of disturbing forces, torsional oscillations of the housing 9 occur, causing deformation of the arc springs 23 and the angular displacement of the friction disks 5 and 6 relative to the disks 3 and 4. This is accompanied by friction between the surfaces of the pre-compressed disks 3 and 5 at the time of coupling 1 or friction between the surfaces previously compressed discs 4 and 6 at the moment of engagement of the clutch 2. The sharp dynamic loads in the double clutch are perceived by the arc springs 23, balancing the torque due to their elastic deformation and exclude the occurrence of resonant frequencies in the engine operating range. Due to the friction between the surfaces of the driving disks 3 and 4 and the driven friction disks 5 and 6, the energy supplied by the driving moment is absorbed and the amplitude of torsional vibrations decreases due to the subsequent dissipation of energy into the environment as heat. The working fluid passing between the contacting surfaces of the friction discs 3, 4, 5 and 6 helps to reduce their heating temperature, reduce noise and vibrations. When the clutch housing 9 rotates and there are no torsional vibrations, the pendulum masses of the anti-vibration 8 under the action of centrifugal forces occupy a radial position relative to the wall 11 of the housing 9 (figure 3). When the clutch housing 9 begins to perform torsional vibrations, the pendulum masses begin to move in the arc grooves 46. The emerging moment of the centrifugal forces tends to return the pendulum masses to their original position, which reduces the resonant oscillations in the entire engine speed range.

When the clutch 1 is turned on, the piston 36 moves axially under the pressure of the working fluid in the chamber 48, pressing the drive disks 3 and the driven friction disks 5 against each other. Due to the action of friction forces between them, they start to rotate together with the drum 39, thereby transmitting torque from the drive shaft 30 to the input shaft 40 of the gearbox. At the moment of turning on the clutch 1, when the clutch housing 9 rotates in the chamber 48 filled with working fluid, centrifugal forces act on the piston 36. To compensate for these centrifugal forces, a compensation chamber 50 is also provided, also filled with working fluid through radial holes 49 in the side wall 11 of the hub 10 of the housing 9 and the radial holes 56, aligned with the holes 57 in the piston 36. The centrifugal forces arising in the chamber 50 act on the piston 36 from the reverse side, balancing the centrifugal forces acting in the process vopolozhnom direction.

In the absence of pressure in the chamber 48, the clutch 1 is turned off. The springs 62, expanding, move the piston 36 to the initial position against the stop in the ledge 54, disengaging the driving disks 3 and the driven friction disks 5 of the clutch 1. The rotation of the driven friction disks 5 and the drum 39 stops, and the input shaft 40 of the gearbox is disconnected from the driving shaft 30 dual clutch.

When the clutch 2 is turned on, the piston 42 moves axially under the pressure of the working fluid in the chamber 65, pressing the drive disks 4 and the driven friction disks 6 against each other. Due to the action of friction forces between them, they start to rotate together with the drum 44, thereby transmitting torque from the drive shaft 30 to the input shaft 45 of the gearbox. At the moment of engagement of the clutch 2, when the clutch housing 9 rotates in the chamber 65 filled with the working fluid, centrifugal forces act on the piston 42. To compensate for these centrifugal forces, a compensation chamber 68 is also provided, also filled with the working fluid. The centrifugal forces arising in the chamber 68 act on the piston 42 from the reverse side, balancing the centrifugal forces acting in the opposite direction.

In the absence of pressure in the chamber 65, the clutch 2 is turned off. The springs 70, expanding, move the piston 42 to its original position, disengaging the drive disks 4 and the driven friction disks 6 of the clutch 2. The rotation of the driven friction disks 6 and the drum 44 stops and the input shaft 45 of the gearbox is disconnected from the double-clutch drive shaft 30.

In the created double clutch, in which packages of friction disks of different sizes are concentrically interconnected, the side wall of the housing is made with an external annular ledge on which a larger diameter piston is located and with an internal annular ledge surrounding the smaller diameter piston on the external annular ledge of the side wall cases made outer and inner toothed areas, with an outer toothed area engaged a larger diameter piston and discs located in a package of a larger diameter, with an internal tooth Atymya portion geared wheels arranged in a package of smaller diameter, achieved a reduction of the longitudinal size and the radial clutch, increasing its compactness and reliability.

Claims (3)

1. Double clutch containing case, packages of friction disks of different diameters, concentric with each other, hydraulic cylinders with pistons of different diameter, characterized in that the clutch housing is made with a side wall on which the rim is fixed, surrounding the piston of a larger diameter, opposite the friction package disks of larger diameter, the side wall of the housing is made with an external annular protrusion on which a larger diameter piston is located, and with an internal annular protrusion surrounding the piston of a smaller diameter diameter, on the outer annular protrusion of the side wall of the housing made outer and inner toothed sections, with an outer toothed section hooked larger diameter piston and discs located in a package of larger diameter, with an internal toothed portion hooked discs located in a package of smaller diameter, inside the rim on the piston a larger diameter is installed a cover of the compensation chamber; in a cylindrical wall of a piston of a larger diameter, an opening is made in the gap between its end wall and the cover of the compensation chamber This is located opposite the radial hole made in the outer annular protrusion of the side wall of the housing, in which two radial seals are installed on opposite sides of the radial hole. 2. Double clutch according to Claim. 1, characterized in that a cylindrical shell with a side bearing section surrounding the compensation chamber cover is installed in a smaller diameter piston, a spring is installed between the compensation camera cover and the bearing supporting section of the shell in contact with the piston. 3. Double clutch under item 1, characterized in that it contains a torsional vibration damper with a pendulum anti-vibration, containing arc springs placed between the covers connected to the disk of the clutch drive shaft and with a rim, the pendulum anti-vibration contains pendulum masses made in the form of plates , pivotally connected to the side wall of the housing and located on opposite sides of it, the inner plate of the anti-vibrator is located on the side wall of the housing between its outer annular protrusion and the inner annular protrusion m, the plates are installed on the rods located in the spaces between the radial holes made in the side wall of the housing.

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